US2410054A - Electron discharge apparatus - Google Patents
Electron discharge apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2410054A US2410054A US445503A US44550342A US2410054A US 2410054 A US2410054 A US 2410054A US 445503 A US445503 A US 445503A US 44550342 A US44550342 A US 44550342A US 2410054 A US2410054 A US 2410054A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- electron
- pole
- envelope
- resonator
- discharge apparatus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
- H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
- H01J25/06—Tubes having only one resonator, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the modulation produced in the modulator zone is mainly velocity modulation, e.g. Lüdi-Klystron
- H01J25/08—Tubes having only one resonator, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the modulation produced in the modulator zone is mainly velocity modulation, e.g. Lüdi-Klystron with electron stream perpendicular to the axis of the resonator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
- H01J23/10—Magnet systems for directing or deflecting the discharge along a desired path, e.g. a spiral path
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
- H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
- H01J25/10—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
- H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
- H01J29/58—Arrangements for focusing or reflecting ray or beam
- H01J29/64—Magnetic lenses
Definitions
- This invention relates to electron discharge apparatusemploying electron beams focussed or directed in a straight path by means of a magnetic field.
- the invention is primarily applicable to apparatus operating at extremely high irequencies, particularly apparatus of electron-velocity modulated type.
- the vacuum envelope or a part thereof be made itself of a material capable of maintaining a high degree of permanent magnetisation, if necessary plated inside with a metal of high conductivity to avoid high frequency losses.
- the structure including the permanent magnet may be contained in a glass envelope of any desired size, the need for minimum size of envelope being eliminated by the fact that the magnet structure is internal.
- the invention resides in electron discharge apparatus of the electron-velocity-modulated type comprising within a vacuum-tight envelope an electron gun adapted to project electrons in a beam through a resonator structure, and, for collecting the electrons, a collector electrode which may form part of the resonator structure, characterised by one of the following features:
- Magnetic pole-pieces are provided within the envelope at the ends of the electron beam path, said pole-pieces being adapted to form part of a magnetic circuit including a permanent magnet or an electromagnet outside the envelope.
- the envelope itself comprises a permanent magnet having poles at the ends of the beam path for focussing the beam.
- a permanent magnet is provided within the envelope and embracing the electron gun 7 Claims. (Cl. 25027.5)
- Fig. 1 is, a perspective view of a tube cut away to show a cross-section along the beam path.
- the electrode structure comprises a co-axial tube resonator I With fins 2, 3 bounding apertures for the beam path.
- a cathode 4 and a focussing electrode 5 together forming an electron gun are located in line with the apertures in the resonator and are preferably carried on the resonator.
- These elements are slid into a tubular metal envelope portion or sheath 6
- a permanent magnet I is provided outside the sheath 6 to provide an intense field along the beam path.
- magnetic pole-pieces 8, 9 are provided inside the sheath.
- Pole-piece 8 lies behind the cathode 4 and i insulated by sheet material NJ from the sheath so that a field of the high potential of the resonator and the sheath is not set up in close proximity to the cathode.
- This pole-piece may if desired be connected to the cathode;
- Pole-piece 9 forms a part of the resonator structure and serves also as a collecting electrode. Its sides may be covered with a more highly conductive metallic layer if desired. Its collecting face may be so shaped or coated as to suppress secondary emission if this is required.
- Fig. 2 is a similar view of a modified. tube in which a tubular permanent magnet ll, formed with inwardly-projecting pole-pieces 8' and 9 in lin with the apertures in the resonator ll, constitutes a part of the evacuated envelope itself.
- the internal surface of the magnet may be plated with a metal of high conductivity.
- the structure including the permanent magnet ll may be contained in a glass envelope as indicated in Fig. 2.
- Electron discharge apparatus of the electron velocity modulated type comprising a tubular metallic member forming part of a vacuum-tight envelope, a resonator comprising a short length of coaxial line having diametric aligned apertures and disposed within said tubular metallic member, means for generating and directing a beam of electrons through said apertures also disposed within said tubular metallic member, and a pair of magnetic pole pieces disposed one at each end of the electron beam path having only a single gap therebetween, one of said pole pieces being mounted upon saidvtubular metallic member and the other of said pole pieces being mounted upon said resonator.
- Electron discharge apparatus of the electron velocity modulated type comprising a resonator including a short length of coaxial line having diametric aligned apertures, means adjacent thereto for generating a beam of electrons and positioned for directing it through said apertures, and a single tubular permanent magnet surrounding said resonator and provided with a pair of inwardly directed pole pieces disposed one at each end of the electron beam path and in line with said apertures,
- An electron discharge apparatus of the electron-velocity modulation type comprising beam generating electrodes within a vacuum-tight envelope, a cavity resonator positioned adjacent to the path of the beam for cooperating with the electron beam, beam focusing means having magnetic pole-pieces located respectively at the ends 4 of the beam path with a single magnetic gap therebetween including the entire length of the beam path, at least one pole-piece having a poleface within the envelope.
- one magnetic pole-piece constitutes a collector electrode and is conductively connected to the resonator.
- An electron discharge apparatus wherein there is means for completing a magnetic circuit of the pole-pieces comprising a permanent magnet located within the envelope.
- An electron discharge apparatus in which the cavity resonator comprises a short length of coaxial line having diametrical aligned apertures through which the electron beam path passes.
- An electron discharge apparatus of the electron-velocity modulation type comprising electron beam generating electrodes, a cavity resonator constituted by a short length of coaxial line having diametrical aligned apertures through which the beam path passes, beam focusing means having magnetic pole-pieces located respectively at the ends of the beam path, at least one pole-piece having a pole-face with-in the envelope and forming part of the resonator.
Landscapes
- Microwave Tubes (AREA)
- Video Image Reproduction Devices For Color Tv Systems (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB255237X | 1940-08-02 | ||
GB22513/45A GB598157A (en) | 1940-08-02 | 1945-08-31 | Improvements in focussing arrangements for electron discharge devices of the electron velocity modulation type |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2410054A true US2410054A (en) | 1946-10-29 |
Family
ID=32232463
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US445503A Expired - Lifetime US2410054A (en) | 1940-08-02 | 1942-06-02 | Electron discharge apparatus |
US709020A Expired - Lifetime US2483407A (en) | 1940-08-02 | 1946-11-09 | Focusing arrangement for electron discharge devices of electron velocity modulation tpe |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US709020A Expired - Lifetime US2483407A (en) | 1940-08-02 | 1946-11-09 | Focusing arrangement for electron discharge devices of electron velocity modulation tpe |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US2410054A (de) |
BE (1) | BE472659A (de) |
CH (1) | CH255237A (de) |
FR (1) | FR57683E (de) |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2462085A (en) * | 1942-12-04 | 1949-02-22 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Ultra high frequency oscillator |
US2521763A (en) * | 1944-01-21 | 1950-09-12 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Electron discharge device of the electron velocity modulation type |
US2557959A (en) * | 1945-06-16 | 1951-06-26 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Electron discharge device of the velocity modulation type |
US2599263A (en) * | 1944-08-15 | 1952-06-03 | Rca Corp | Ultrahigh-frequency electron discharge device |
US2641732A (en) * | 1949-03-01 | 1953-06-09 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Electron discharge device of the velocity variation type |
US2727180A (en) * | 1950-09-20 | 1955-12-13 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Microwave reactance tube |
US2748307A (en) * | 1952-03-06 | 1956-05-29 | Gen Electric | Magnetically forcused electron discharge device |
US2777085A (en) * | 1952-05-29 | 1957-01-08 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Secondary electron suppressor |
US2908837A (en) * | 1956-08-22 | 1959-10-13 | Bendix Aviat Corp | Anode structure |
US2953706A (en) * | 1957-08-01 | 1960-09-20 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Electric discharge device |
US3076117A (en) * | 1959-04-27 | 1963-01-29 | Gen Electric | Parametric energy converter |
US3546512A (en) * | 1967-02-13 | 1970-12-08 | Schlumberger Technology Corp | Neutron generator including an ion source with a massive ferromagnetic probe electrode and a permanent magnet-electrode |
US3756682A (en) * | 1967-02-13 | 1973-09-04 | Schlumberger Technology Corp | Method for outgassing permanent magnets |
US4075528A (en) * | 1977-03-15 | 1978-02-21 | Shigeru Suga | Xenon lamp with magnets on the electrodes |
US4075529A (en) * | 1977-03-18 | 1978-02-21 | Shigeru Suga | Xenon lamp containing magnetic adsorbers inside the tube thereof |
US4939414A (en) * | 1987-03-25 | 1990-07-03 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Color cathode ray tube with magnetic field conducting plates within envelope |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2844754A (en) * | 1953-04-29 | 1958-07-22 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Electron beam focusing system |
US4506240A (en) * | 1982-09-01 | 1985-03-19 | Tektronix, Inc. | Magnet assembly for a YIG tuned filter having adjustment means to elastically strain a pole piece |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2188579A (en) * | 1933-05-27 | 1940-01-30 | Loewe Radio Inc | Cathode ray tube, more particularly for television purposes |
US2102421A (en) * | 1934-07-12 | 1937-12-14 | Gen Electric | Cathode ray oscillograph |
FR796502A (fr) * | 1934-10-19 | 1936-04-09 | Fernseh Ag | Aimant maintenant le rayon rectiligne dans les tubes de braun |
NL54829C (de) * | 1936-09-11 |
-
0
- BE BE472659D patent/BE472659A/xx unknown
-
1942
- 1942-06-02 US US445503A patent/US2410054A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1946
- 1946-05-21 CH CH255237D patent/CH255237A/de unknown
- 1946-11-09 US US709020A patent/US2483407A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1947
- 1947-09-26 FR FR57683D patent/FR57683E/fr not_active Expired
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2462085A (en) * | 1942-12-04 | 1949-02-22 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Ultra high frequency oscillator |
US2521763A (en) * | 1944-01-21 | 1950-09-12 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Electron discharge device of the electron velocity modulation type |
US2599263A (en) * | 1944-08-15 | 1952-06-03 | Rca Corp | Ultrahigh-frequency electron discharge device |
US2557959A (en) * | 1945-06-16 | 1951-06-26 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Electron discharge device of the velocity modulation type |
US2641732A (en) * | 1949-03-01 | 1953-06-09 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Electron discharge device of the velocity variation type |
US2727180A (en) * | 1950-09-20 | 1955-12-13 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Microwave reactance tube |
US2748307A (en) * | 1952-03-06 | 1956-05-29 | Gen Electric | Magnetically forcused electron discharge device |
US2777085A (en) * | 1952-05-29 | 1957-01-08 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Secondary electron suppressor |
US2908837A (en) * | 1956-08-22 | 1959-10-13 | Bendix Aviat Corp | Anode structure |
US2953706A (en) * | 1957-08-01 | 1960-09-20 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Electric discharge device |
US3076117A (en) * | 1959-04-27 | 1963-01-29 | Gen Electric | Parametric energy converter |
US3546512A (en) * | 1967-02-13 | 1970-12-08 | Schlumberger Technology Corp | Neutron generator including an ion source with a massive ferromagnetic probe electrode and a permanent magnet-electrode |
US3756682A (en) * | 1967-02-13 | 1973-09-04 | Schlumberger Technology Corp | Method for outgassing permanent magnets |
US4075528A (en) * | 1977-03-15 | 1978-02-21 | Shigeru Suga | Xenon lamp with magnets on the electrodes |
US4075529A (en) * | 1977-03-18 | 1978-02-21 | Shigeru Suga | Xenon lamp containing magnetic adsorbers inside the tube thereof |
US4939414A (en) * | 1987-03-25 | 1990-07-03 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Color cathode ray tube with magnetic field conducting plates within envelope |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR57683E (fr) | 1953-05-04 |
BE472659A (de) | |
CH255237A (de) | 1948-06-15 |
US2483407A (en) | 1949-10-04 |
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