US2392157A - Apparatus for waving hair - Google Patents

Description

I Jan. 1, 1946. J. A. .KOLS 2,392,157

APPARATUS FOR WAVING HAIR Filed March 27, 1944 INVENTOR..

Jacob A. Ko/s. B

Patented Jan. 1, 1946 STATES PAT OFF ICE memes. FOB- wavmn rum Jacob. A. non, Columbus, Ohio Application March. 27, 19M, serial No... 52am; 1: Clainis. (.01; 1321-241- My invention. relates to. an apparatus-1 {or waitin; baht; It; has; to: do. more particuiarm, with at apparatus. for :ztxzetching the hainfrom the tips to; the scalp; in; such.- a manner that a. better curl: on wane issobtainedm In. the: pasta. vamions; types: of permanent; wavmg: methods and apparatus have. been used tor the. hairs prepaxatory toheating operation, Whilethss winding stretched. the hair to a, limited extentv the fnli importance of the stretching was notrcalizeda. Furthermore, the was not cognizant of: the factthat stretched had! cmth'more. easfly and holds the curl longer; In present. day permanent wavin the protector: clamp has the hair drawn through it. and bn stxetclsr the. hair much during the winding: on the: mandril would loosen the and mommy also! be uncomfortable to thepemm obtaining. the wave. 'Ihe. art.

therefione am not.- have: a-

which. would perm-it. the tensiornng; on the hairlongifiudinallw to the extent which I employ in h m method. In the past, with; regard. to; hair which. is; very fine, it was. necessary to; use a strong chemical solution for softening the hair previous to the; winding andheating operations; Theheat generates steam which sometimes: bums the scalp of the person being, worked. om, and; the longer the heat is. left. on the hair more; danger there. is of mowing; the.v hair as will as: the: Thisis also: true; when. the scalp is. under tension due to. pulling, on the hair. thus raising: the skin of the scalp making. it. tender and more receptive to the forming: of blisters.

Another". object. of. my inventiom is. to. provide an apparatus: for stretching. the. hair which. will not; pull on the scalp; of the. person being: treated and. will. not. loosen the roots at the: ham

Another object of my intention is. tw provide a. hair stretching device: in which the. hair is stnetehed a number oi times; item the; of: the hair. to thescalp before the hectic: applied.

Another object: of my invention. is. that 15, paid-- nae. a. hair stretching device which will be.- easy toopenate. and inexpensive tm construct;

in its preferred. form my comprises the. method of; the hain by stretching the hair at. intervals or in. shoxiz sections: from. the tips of the hair inwardly to. the scalp. This method results in a. much better" curl, and the curl is. more permanent than: the usual type now obtained. in; present. day permanent waving.

The use of. the natural resiliency of the. hair in curling; has marked advantages over the rior art of winding the the tips inwardly in that a. much weaker solution can he used? to soften; the. ham" and. less: heating time. is needed. hair has a: natural resiliency and 15' have? found: that; when. itls stretched. it; can he. more readily curled; Izprovide am appanatus for stretching the; hair: of such a nature that there is". no pull:v on; the scalp. I. accomplishythis stretching" b placingz betweenqthe scalp: and: the winding mandril a. pain of gripping: members which hold the. against;- movement, while the winding; is taking place; thus stretching the hair between the. point; or. the. gripping member and the winding mandrili. Since there no tension on the hair between. the: gripping members and the. scalp 13'. maystretch, the. hair to its greatest went.- as it he 3; wound: on; the mandril. This snatching; operation is-repeated a. number of: times: t an the. tips at. the. hair to the scalp, and time as the; hair is on the. mandtil. it is stzzetched tom gxeatesti extent throughout. have; tmmd: imam. actual: experience: that hair stretched; im the manner: set above. will-curl more: easil the heating. time now needed to whim a, permanent wave: is considerably Various other objects and. advantages will be apparent firzom the followingdescription and. the drawing wherein. similar characters 01 reference used to. designate. comfespondlng, pants and wherein:

Figuze; 1 is a. top.- planvlewoi: my cunllng device, which. is partly broken away.

Figure 2, a. side elevationalj view oi the prefenced: form 012 my curling: device showing. a

. mandrill mounted theneon.

Figure 3 a sectional view taken along, line of Figure 2; showing, the. handle structure.

Figure: 4. a. perspective; viewoi. m stretch.- ing. device. showing the handle and. the. windin mandril as well as the gripping l ws.

Figure: 5 is; a. sectional view showing the opera..- tion of; mg device with reference. to. a lock. of hair held by the. gripping jaws. and being wound on the; mandni-L Figure 6 is a perspectivev view. illustrating; my

method. of cnrlingthe hair with my curling device.

Referring, more. particularly to the drawing, I disclose. a. hair curling. device generally indicated; by the numeral 1. whichv is. provided. with a handle portion on one end thereof and gripping. Jaws disposed. on the. opposite. end. The handle portion consists of: two parts. 1 and 3,. which are assembled. together. in av manner. to be; described; The handle part & lnterfltsinto the. handle. pant sure is released they return as shown in Figure 1. I preferably show a series 3 as best shown in Figures 1 and 3 and is held in place by means of retaining pins 4 which extend through the handle parts 2 and 3. 'The pins 4 extend through slots 4a formed in the handle 7 the handle part 2 by means of screws 6. The; outer ends of these springs 5 are provided with.

turned up portions 5a that bear against the in tening solution and. the scalp protector clamp I6 is suitably positioned at the scalp as shown" in Figures 5 and 6. The hair is drawn through the jaw members land *8 and is clamped into position on the mandril l3 between the swinging tongue member l5. The clamping jaws l and 8 are then tightened bymeans of the handle of the device and the hair is held securely at the point 9 while the winding mandril is turned by means of the key I4, "Itw'ill be; .apparent that the'hair is. stretched between;the:z gripping portion 9 and the mandril l3. After the hair is suffi ner'side wall of the handle member 3. -.When the I parts 2 and 3 are squeezed together thesprings 5 tend to flatten or how out'and when the presto normal position of retaining pins 4 which aid in guiding the ban"- dles 2 and 3 evenly when pressure is exerted thereon, thus eliminating any sticking. action that'may occur. Two springs 5 are shown with V linthe handle but more or fewer can be used dee pending on the structure of the handle.

The ends of the handle members 2 and 3 are provided with a pair of jaw members 1 and 8 'which form the hair gripping members that are movedhorizontally toward each other whenthe handle members 2 and 3 are compressed. 'The jaw members 1 and 8 are provided with a knurled inner gripping surface'9 which tends to grip the hair. The member 1 is solid and square incross a section as best shown in Figure 5 while member 8 is channel formedas best shown in Figure 1'.

"Jaw member 8 is provided witha movable mem-- berlll Supported therein so that it can be moved inwardly in thechannel portion of the jaw 8 if excessive pressure or if an uneven amount of 7 hair is fed between any portion'of the'jaw mem bers and 3. This moving action is accomplished -by means of spring members II which are'suitablymounted and spaced on the member 10, as

' best shown in Figures 1 and 5. The jaw-member 8 being channel shaped allows the excessive pressure to be absorbed by thesprings- II as shown in Figures 1 and 5. This moving actionis necessary in order that if a lock of hair of ununiform or uneven thickness is drawn between the member "land the member In therew'ill be an even "gripping action on-the entire lock of hair. Thus; the springs II will also force-the moving member 10 outwardly when part 'of'the" strand of hair is thinly distributed. Onepfthe'main disad-M vantages of prior art winders was due to the 5 structure of the gripping member. Anyone I skilled in the art will readily understand the utility of my new structure. Jaw member 'I is provided with two 'iorked members l2 that 'are adapted to hold the mandril' l3jwhile thehair is being wound thereon. Thisma'ndril is supported in the usual manner-ahd'has a winding key l4 on its outer-end. A swinging tongue member l5 is pivoted to the mandril and the outer ends of the hair are first clamped beneath the tongue member preparatory to. the winding operation.

'As shown in Figures 5 and 6 I'employa scalp jcl'amp protector 16. of the usual type't'o' which Tithe winder is affixedwhen the hairis wound up close to the scalp.

HaV ngthusdescribed the details of my curling device with reference to Figures 5and6, I

w ll d c ib th e erat n a d .m 'ih i 'q 5-, n .Zthe same. The 'hair'is first treated'with a sofis understood that my apparatus can all types of waves, including machine, machine'- ciently stretched the pressure on the handle member is partly. relieved, more hair is thenpulled'thro'ugh the jaws and then againtightened so that another stretching operation will take place betweenthe point 9 and the mandril i3. It will be noted from Figure 5 that there is absolutely no pressure on the scalp during this stretching operation since the gripping action takes place at the point of thevgripping jaws. Thus, I stretch the hair'many times in the man-' ner set forth above by using. a conventional mandril mounted on the gripping jaws as pre'-' viously indicated. After the hair .is stretched and wound on the mandril up to the clamp [6 the mandril is removed and placedin theholder. of

' the conventional type'shown: in Figure 5 and heat is then applied in the usual manner. Because of the hair being stretched throughout it will not be necessary to apply heat as long'a's'in'present day waving. I have found that'stretched haircurls more readily and. permanently and with less heating time to curl it. I It will-be seen that I provide :a method and apparatus for curling and stretching hair throughout lwh'ich' has not'to' my 7 knowledge been done in the-past andfurther which will reduce the amount and'strength' of'the softening solution as well as considerably-reduce theheating time required for curling-hair. It

7 less, and the wave'known as the cold wave.

claim is:

Having thus described my-invent ion, what I l. .A hair stretching device of th -type described comprising a two-piece movable handle and a pair of gripping jaws disposed on one end of each of said handle portiona'm'eansfor nor mally holding the gripping jaws in spaced relation to each other, said means comprising-spring members mounted in saidhandle, said-gripping jaws adapted to be closed bypressure exerted on the handle members so as' to firmly grip a lock of hair passed therebetween; a rotatable winding mandril mounted on one of said jaws, said rotatable winding mandril having means for gripping the hair so that th hair may be stretched from the point ofthe gripping jaws and said mandril.

2. A hair curling device of the type-described having gripping members disposed at one end and a handle disposed at the other endys'ai'd handle being of two-part construction and having spring members mounted therein for normally holding said gripping members away from each other, said gripping members adapted to be closed by pressure exerted on said handle members; said .gripping members having uneven biting-surfaces which will grip the; hair. positively, a rotatable mandril mounted on one of said gripping members and parallel thereto andhaving means adapted'to grip the tips of the hair so that it'maybes tretched as it is being'wound on thefrotatablemandr 3. A hair curling device. of. thetypejdescribd comprising .a handle member, gripping jawsdis;

be used on posed at one end of said handle member, said handle being of two-part construction and having spring members mounted therein for normally holding said gripping members away from each other, said gripping members adapted to be closed by pressure exerted on said handle members, one of said gripping jaws being solid in cross section, the other said gripping jaw being hollow, means disposed within said hollow gripping jaw to takeup the gripping surface when an uneven amount of hair passes between said gripping jaws, a rotatable mandril mounted on one of said gripping jaws on which the hair is held and wound.

4. A structure according to claim 3 wherein said take-up means of the gripping surface comprises a pair of spring members mounted on the back of said gripping member which flatten out when an uneven amount of hair passes between said gripping jaws.

5. A curling device of the type described comprising a rotatable mandril, a pair of hair gripping jaws carried below and parallel to said mandril, a handle for actuating said jaws, said jaws being supported in opposing relationship at one end of said handle and being adapted to grip hair passed between said jaws, means on the mandril for holding the tips of the hair so that it may be stretched between the gripping jaws and the mandril and then wound on said mandril in such a manner that it will not pull the hair loose from the scalp.

6. A hair curling device of the type described comprising a pair of gripping jaws, a two-part handle member for supporting said jaws at one end thereof in opposing relationship, sa d jaws adapted to grip a lock of hair therebetween when pressure is applied to said handle to bring the jaws together, means disposed within said handle to normally maintain th jaws open, means disposed within one of said jaws to equalize the pressure when an uneven amount of hair is fed through said gripping jaws.

'7. A hair curling device of the type described comprising an articulated handle, a pair of parallel gripping jaws supported at one end of said handle, means disposed within said handle for opening and closing said opposing jaws by pressure exerted on the handle member so as to firmly grip a lock of hair passed between said jaws, a rotatable winding mandril mounted on one of said jaws, said mandril being parallel to said gripping jaws and having means for gripping hair in order to stretch it between the gripping jaws and the.

mandril in such a manner that it will not pull the hair loose from the scalp.

JACOB A. KOLS.

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