Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
  • D06M15/423—Amino-aldehyde resins
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G12/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
  • C08G12/02—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes
  • C08G12/26—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with heterocyclic compounds
  • C08G12/30—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with heterocyclic compounds with substituted triazines
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/368—Hydroxyalkylamines; Derivatives thereof, e.g. Kritchevsky bases
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2369—Coating or impregnation improves elasticity, bendability, resiliency, flexibility, or shape retention of the fabric
  • Y10T442/2385—Improves shrink resistance
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2762—Coated or impregnated natural fiber fabric [e.g., cotton, wool, silk, linen, etc.]

Definitions

• This invention relates to textiles and their treatment and more particularly to the treatment of wool and. wool containing fabrics to reduce their felting, fulling, and shrinking tendencies,
• Wool and wool containing fabrics such as loose wool itself, yarns, threads, and woven, felted, and knitted cloth have a very undesirable tendency to felt and shrink when subjected to ordinary washing operations.
• the tendency of these wool materials to felt and shrink is due gener ally to a curling and intertwining of the wool fibers as the fabrics are wetted and subjected to the mechanical movements of the washing process. As a result the fabric becomes more closely compacted, thicker, and has a considerably reduced area,
• wool and wool containing fabrics such as unwoven wool, yarns, worsteds, tlannels, blankets, shirting, felts, knit goods, and others, whether of all wool or of part wool and part silk, synthetic silk, rayon, cotton, etc., may be rendered substantially resistant to felting, fulling, and shrinking by the application thereto of alkylated methylol-melamines such as will be presently described.
• Our new shrink proofing process may be carried out in a safe, inexpensive, convenient and effective manner without any of the disadvantages of previously known processes.
• the alkylated methylol-melamines which we employ in our shrink-proofing process are applied to the woolen goods in the form of solutions or dispersions containing from about 2 or 3 to 15% or more of the alkylated methylol-melamine.
• the dispersions of alkylated methylol-melamines may be applied to the woolen fabrics in various ways known to those in the art.
• the fabric to be treated is first thoroughly cleaned to remove fats and oils, etc.
• the dry fabric is then immersed in the resin dispersion and passed through suitable rolls as in a padder or mangle to secure uniform impregnation and to remove excess resin,
• the fabric may be impregnated by other methods such as for example by spraying or with suitable boxes located on the mangle.
• suitable boxes located on the mangle As our invention is not limited to any particular method of impregnating the wool containing fabric, other methods will occur to those skilled in the art. Since shrink-proofing of woolen fabrics with alkylated methylolmelamine is most effective and economical within the range of about 5 to 15% by weight of resin based on the dried weight of fabric, the liquor pick-up should be governed accordingly.
• the wool After the wool has been impregnated with the alkylated methylol-melamine dispersion, it is dried and the resin cured in situ by the application of elevated temperature.
• a suitable catalyst may be added to the resin dispersion.
• Such catalysts are known to chemists in the resin art. Oxalic acid, di-ammonium-hydrogen-phosphate and methyl acid pyrophosphate have been used by us with particuiar good results. Other catalysts such as triethanol amine phthalate, zinc chloride, acetic acid, dilute mineral acids, as HJC'l and others have been used with satisfactory results.
• the curing temperatures may vary considerably from about 200 F. to about 300 F. with a corresponding reduction in time of cure with increase of temperature.
• the curing operation is quite flexible, however, and may be varied to suit the equipment available to the process of where facilities do not allow the drying and curing temperatures to exceed 230 F.
• the fabric after impregnation with the desired alkylated methylol-melamine may be framed to width, dried, batched up on the shell and allowed to stand hot to obtain a total drying and heating time of at least 45 minutes at 230 F. Where drying temperatures of 250 to 260 F. are available good results may be obtained by drying on the frame for 8 minutes at 250 to 260 F. and then passing the fabric through the drier a second time for 8 minutes at 260 F.
• drying and curing procedure which has given good results is to dry the impregnating fabric on the frame for 8 minutes at 200 to 230 F. and then pass it through a frame or loop d'rler whereby the fabric will re- 2 asaaesa ceive heat treatment for 1 to 1% minutes at 300 F. Drying and curing times will also depend to some extent upon the eil'ectiveness of the particular curing accelerator employed and upon the nature of the fabric.
• the wool fabric After the wool fabric has been treated as above described it should be given a short mild soaping before finishing which renders it soft and pliable. The fabric may then be given the usual finishing treatments such as decatizing, brushing, shearing, pressing, etc.
• the alkylated methylol -melamlnes suitable for use in our process are preferably water dispersible or, as previously mentioned, may be dispersed with the aid of a solvent in order that they may be applied uniformly and economically to the fabric.
• the various alkylated methylol-melamines may be prepared by diiferent processes, we prefer to prepare ours by first obtaining methylol-rnelamine, a productof the condensation of melamine with formaldehyde, and then reacting this product with a primary alcohol.
• methylated methylolmelamine which is easily water dispersible and is the preferred alkylated methylol-melamine of our invention.
• Various other allrylated melamine-formaldehyde condensation products may be prepared in a similar manner or by reacting the methylated methylol-melamine with other primary alcohols and obtaining by interchange the desired allwlatedproduct.
• alkylating alcohols include ethyl alcohol, propyi alcohol, butyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, octyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethyene glycol, propylene glycol and the glycol cthers known to the trade as "Carbitols such for example being the monobutyl ether of (ii-ethylene glycol,
• the alkylated melamine-formaldehyde condensation products employed by us in the treatment of wool and wool containing fabrics to prevent their felting, fulling and shrinking are prepared by known methods.
• the melamineformaldehyde condensation product which we prefer to alkylate is prepared by reacting 2 to 6 molds of formaldehyde with 1 mol of melamine.
• the condensation product formed is believed to be mostly methylol-melamine. Although it is theoretically possible to react 6 mols of formaldehyde with 1 moi of melamine, this degree of reaction is not always attained due to excessive polymerization of the reaction mixture.
• butyl carbitolated methylmelamine 600 parts by weight of the above described 50% solution of methylated methylolmelamine and 160 parts by weight of butyl carbitol were mixed and heated to concentrate the mixture to 408 parts by weight, whereupon, a composition consisting of about 75% of the butyl car-belated methylol-melamine was obtained.
• Ethylated methylol-melamine, butylated methylol-melamine, and the other alkylated methylol-melamines previously described may also be prepared in a similar way.
• the impregnated woolen swatches were then cured for minutes at 260* F. and then washed, with a control sample 9" by 23" of the same fabric, in a standard washing machine using a temperature oi 120 F. and a soap concentration. After periods of 15 minutes, 30 minutes. and one hour the swatches were rinsed with warm water, squeezed, and dried flat without tension. The percent of shrinkage after each washing period is shown in the following table:
• a process of reducing the felting and shrinking tendencies of wool containing fabrics which comprises impregnating a wool containing fabric with an aqueous dispersion of a water dispersible, substantially unpolymerized alkylated melamine-formaldehyde condensation product the take-up of the aqueous dispersion being such as to deposit in the fabric from 2%% to 15% 4 aszaeaa by weight based on the dry weight of the fabric of the water dispersible alkylated melamineformaidehyde condensation product and thereafter subjecting the impregnated fabric to an elevated temperature sufficient to cure the alkyiated melamine-formaldehyde condensation product therein to a substantially water-insoluble condition.
• a process of reducing the felting and shrinking tendencies of wool containing fabrics which comprises impregnating a wool containing fabric with an aqueous solution of a water soluble, substantially unpolymerized methylated metnylol melamine condensation product the take-up of the aqueous solution being such as to deposit in the fabric from il to 15% by weight based on the dry weight of the fabric of the water soluble methylated methylol melamine condensation product and thereafter subjecting the im pregnated fabric to an elevated temperature suflicient to cure the methylated methyioi melamine condensation product th'erein to a substantially water-insoluble condition.
• a process of reducing the felting and shrinking tendencies of wool containing fabrics which comprises impregnating wool containing fabrics with an aqueous dispersion of a water dispersibie substantially unpolymerized ethylated methyloi melamine condensation product the take-up of the aqueous dispersion being such as to deposit in the fabric from 2 2% to 15% by weight based on the dry weight of the fabric of the water dispersible ethylated methylol melamine condensation product and thereafter subjecting the impregnated fabric to an elevated temperature suflicient to cure the ethylated methylol melamine condensation product therein to a substantially water-insoluble condition.
• a process of reducing the felting and shrinking tendencies of wool containing fabrics which comprises impregnating a wool containing fabric with an aqueous dispersion of a water dispersible substantially unpolymerized condensation product of the monobutyi ether of diethylene glycol with methylol melamine the take-up of the aqueous dispersion being such as to deposit on the wool containing fabric from 2 /2% to 15% by weight based on the dry weight of the wool of the said condensation product and thereafter subjecting the impregnated fabric to an elevated temperature sufficient to cure the said condensation product contained in the fabric to a substantially water-insoluble condition.
• a process of reducing the felting and shrinkt dencies oi woolen fabrics which comprises iigpregnating a wool fabric with an aqueous dis- 9 rsion of a water dispersible substantially unpolymerized alkylated melamine-formaldehyde condensation product the take-up of the aqueous dispersion being such as to deposit on the wool fabric from 2 to 15% by weight based on the dry weight of the wool fabric of the alkylated melamine-formaldehyde condensation product and thereafter subjecting the impregnated wool fabric to a temperature within the range of 200 F. to 300 F., to cure the alkylated melamineformaldehyde condensation product therein to a substantially water-insoluble condition.
• a wool containing fabric resistant to felting and shrinking containing 2/z% to 15% by weight of a heat cured, substantially water insoluble, alkylated melamine-formaldehyde condensation product said wool containing fabric having been impregnated with an aqueous dispersion of a water dispersible substantially unpolymerlzed alkylated melamine-formaldehyde condensation product in accordance with the method of claim 1.
• a wool containing fabric resistant to felting and shrinking containing il to 15% by weight of a heat cured, substantially water-insoluble methylated methylol melamine polymer, said wool containing fabric having been impregnated with an aqueous solution of a watersoluble, substantially unpolymerized methylated methyiol melamine in accordance with the method of claim 2.
• a process of reducing the felting and shrinking tendencies of wool which comprises cleaning wool to remove all fats and oils therefrom and impregnating the clean wool with an aqueous dispersion of a substantially unpolymerized.
• aikylated methylol-melamine condensation product the take-up of the dispersion being such as to deposit on the wool from 2'/ to 15% by weight based on the dry weight of the wool of the alkylated methylol-melamine condensation product and thereafter drying and heating the impregnated wool at a temperature within the range of 200 C. to 300 C. to polymerize the alkyiated methylol-melamine condensation product on the wool to a substantially water-insoluble condition.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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Cited By (24)

Families Citing this family (11)

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• 0
  • NL NL61889D patent/NL61889C/xx active
  • LU LU28891D patent/LU28891A1/xx unknown
  • BE BE467260D patent/BE467260A/xx unknown
  • CA CA419781A patent/CA419781A/en not_active Expired
  • US US22566D patent/USRE22566E/en not_active Expired
• 1941
  • 1941-08-30 US US409036A patent/US2329622A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1942
  • 1942-08-18 GB GB11613/42A patent/GB562977A/en not_active Expired
• 1946
  • 1946-07-25 FR FR931376D patent/FR931376A/fr not_active Expired
• 1947
  • 1947-04-11 ES ES0177535A patent/ES177535A1/es not_active Expired
• 1950
  • 1950-09-03 DE DEA3364A patent/DE871885C/de not_active Expired

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