US2306751A - Pumping apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 29, 1942. R. o. REYMOND 2,306,751

` PUMPING APPARATUS` 4 Filed March 23. 1942 Patented Dec. 29, 1942 Application March 23, .1942, Serial No. 435,860 In Switzerland January 29, 1942 (Cl. 10S- 149) 4 Claims.

The present'invention relates to an apparatus for the extraction of a fluid from the body and for the injection of a fluid into the body.

The present apparatus comprises, in combination, a structure with a cylindrical partition along the interior surface of which a portion of an elastic tube, placed on an arc having a length less than 360, is being constantly flattened against said partition by at least one of several rollers mounted on a rotary member coaxial with said partition, the point of action of the rollers on the tube moving along this tube portion, during the rotation of the driving member, in order to produce the circulation of a fluid contained therein. The driving member comprises a part cooperating with a part of the structure for rotating the one on the other during the rotation of the driving member, which is separable from the structure by exerting a simple pulling action on it. A retaining means is provided to prevent the driving member from accidentally leaving its working position.

The accompanying drawing shows by`way of example an embodiment of the apparatus forming the subject matter of the invention.

Figure l is a side elevation in section taken through the center of the apparatus.

Figure 2 is a front View corresponding to Figure 1, and

Figure'S represents the apparatus as seen from partition 3, a sleeve 4 coaxial with said partition 3 is fixed to the base plate I. This sleeve bears a pin 5 fixed at its upper end in a piece B forming a rotary driving member of two rollers 'I mounted on the latter as will be indicated below.

The member 6 is arranged radially with respect to the pin 5 and on each of its two radial arms a cylindrical portion of a roller support 8 is mounted. This support 8 comprises cylindrical portions 9 with their axis parallel to the pin or axle 5 but arranged eccentrically with respect to the support 8. It is on these portions 9 that the rollers 'I rotate freely. A pinion Il) is fixed to the support 8 by means of a screw II. This pinion comprises teeth extending over slightly more than half of its periphery. The two pinions Ill corresponding to the two rollers are in mesh with a common wheel I2 which rotates freely on the head of a screw I3 screwed into the pin 5. A graduation I4 borne by the wheel I2 enables, in cooperationwith an index I5 fixed on the head of the screw I3, to determine the angular position of the wheel I2 with respect to the pin 5. It will be easily understood that by turning the wheel I5, which brings about the simultaneous rotation of the two pinions Il), the distance between the rollers 'I and the axis of pin 5 is altered owing to the fact of the eccentric mounting ofr said rollers with respect to the supports 8.

It is possible to set the position of the supports 3, after having adjusted at Will the distance between the rollers, by means of the point of the set screw I6 which may come into contact with the periphery of one yof the roller supports 8.

One of the radial arms of the driving member 6 carries at its extremity a handle I1 mounted on an axis I8 in such a manner that it may occupy either the position indicated in Figure 1 or a position symmetric with respect to the axis I8. A small piston I9 arranged in a longitudinal bearing 20 of the arm in question is forced by means of a spring 2| to bear against the rod of the handle I7, keeping the latter in an appropriate position. When the handle Il is oscillated about the axis I8, the piston I9 is driven back and, therefore, permits such an oscillation. The handle II is used to turn by hand the driving member 6 together with the rollers. I about the axis common toV the pin 5 and the cylindrical partition 3.

The pin 5 comprises 'a peripheral groove 22 in which two balls 23 are partially engaged under the action of the springs 24 which are arranged together with these balls in bearings of the sleeve 4. It may be seen that these balls constitute elastic retaining means preventing an accidental axial movement of the pin 5 withv regard to the sleeve 4. On the contrary, if the member 6 is pulled, the balls are deviated and the pin 5 may be extracted from the sleeve 4, thus completely separating the driving member and the rollers 'I from the circular partition 3.

This circular partition 3 is provided with two slots 25, 26 through which the extremities of a portion of an elastic tube 27, for example a rubber tube, are passed. The tube 21 is placed along the preferably knurled interior surface 23 of said partition 3, as represented in Figure 2. This portion 2'I of the elastic tube extends on the surface 28 over a length of arc greater than but less than 360.

The distance of the rollers I from the surface 23, which, as has been pointed out above, may

be'adjusted, is such that these rollers, at least one at a time, compress this tube against this surface, the action point of the rollers on the portion 2l of the tube moving along this portion during the rotation of the member S. Thus, if the flexible tube contains a liquid, the latter is forced inside this tube in the direction of the arrows under the effect of the displacement of the point of contact of the rollers on the tube. Radial members 29, ycomprising a small roller which is able to rotate freely, prevent the portion 21 of the flexible tube from accidentally leaving the interior of the circular partition 3.

The represented apparatus may be used for example for transfusion of blood from a giving to a receiving person, for the elimination of a puru-V lent liquid from the body of a patient and-its replacement by a disinfecting liquid, or for Ysupplying of air into the body as it is practised in the case of pneumothorax.

The free extremity of pin ends into a square portion extending through a hole in the plate and engaged with a square opening 3| of a ratchet Wheel 32 bearing an eccentric knob 33. A pavvl 34 pivoting about 35 against the inferior face of the plate and under the action of a spring 35, may be brought into a position of cooperation with the ratchet Wheel or, on the contrary, may be disengaged from this ratchet wheel (this second position is the one represented in Figure 3). In order to force the pawl 34 from one of its positions into the other, a knurled piece 3l Awith its periphery slightly Iprojecting over the edge of plate I (see Figures 1 and 2), is provided. This piece cooperates with a stop 38, in such a manner that in one of its -positions (the one represented in Figure 3) its portion 39 acts on the pawl 34 against the spring 35 in order to separate from the ratchet, whereas in its other extreme position this portion 39 is kept apart from the pawl and consequently leaves it under the action of the spring and free to engage with the ratchet Wheel 32. When the pawl is cooperating with the ratchet Wheel, the rollers may rotate only in one direction about the axis of the pin 5, any backward movement being impossible. The eccentric knob 33 engages with a slot 40 of a lever 4| pivoting about 42 and mounted in a bearing provided between the plate I and a second plate, the whole forming a base `onwhich the partition 3 and the meter described below are xed. The lever 4| bears at .its extremity, opposed to the one having the slot 40, a member 43 forming a sort of pawl which engages the teeth of a wheel 44 rotating about the axis 45 of a meter 45 fixed on the plate near the partition 3, as may be seen in Figure 2. It will easily be seen that at every revolution of the driving member 6 and consequently of the ratchet wheel 32, the member 33 brings about an oscillatory movement of the lever 4| in such a manner that the member 43 rotates the ratchet wheel 44 corresponding to the distanceY of one tooth in the anticlockwise direction in Figure 3. A pawl 4l, which is also in engagement with the teeth of wheel 44, prevents any backward motion of this wheel. 'Ihe Whee144 has in its center a square hole 48 in which the square extremity of a shaft 49, carrying the large nger 50 of the meter, is engaged. This large linger indicates the`number of revolutions carried out by the driving member 6. The shaft 49 carries` a gear wheel 5| with a pin 52 which, at every revolution of this wheel, advances to the amount of one tenth of a revolution a second gear wheel 53 bearing a small nger 54 indicating the number of tens of revolutions of the driving member 6. On the meter dial visible on Figure 2, the fingers are in a position corresponding to some 9|`| revolutions carried out by the driving member and by the rollerswhich it bears. For adjusting the meter to zero, a Wheel 55 is provided engaging with a Wheel 5|, which itself is in engagement with a pinion 56 with its periphery slightly projecting over the wall of the meter, as may be seen in Figure 2. By acting with the finger on the Wheel 5B, the meter may .be moved forward (the pawl 41 and the member 43 also forming a pawl being not opposed to this movement) until the ngers are brought Vinto the zero position.

The arrangement of the meter adjacent to the mechanism producing a ow of the fluid in the tube 2l, as represented in the drawing, is very convenient, as in the case of a blood transfusion, the quantity of the blood may easily be watched. It is evident that the number of rollers may be different from two, that the elastic retaining means preventing the pin 5 from accidentally leaving the sleeve 4 may also be diierent from those represented, and that the meter 46 may be arranged in a position different from the one indicated inthe drawing. The connection betweenthe meter 45 and the pin 5 may also be different from the one described.

It will be noted that, due to the -instantaneous extraction ofthe member 6 and of the pieces which it bears, it is possible to easily extract the tube 21 from the interior of the partition 3 and to clean the apparatus, the tube 2l and the member 6 may then be put back almost instantaneously into position.

What I claim is:

1. In a liquid pump, the combination of, a base plate; a wall xed on said base and curving through an arc having a length less than 360; a liquid conduit comprising an elastic tube lying on said base plate and positioned against the concave surface of said wall; a rotatable member positioned coaxially with said concave surface, means to rotate said rotatable member; a plurality of freely rotatable rollers mounted on said rotatable member and positioned to compress said tube progressively along theilength which is positioned against said wall; said rotatable member having an axially positioned cylindrical member depending therefrom, and a xed upstanding member projecting from said base plate and supporting the rotating and depending members in operative position, said depending and upstanding members being rotatable in concentric relation to each other and having means for normally maintaining said` members in said relation but premitting separation thereof when axial tension is exerted on one of said members.

2. A liquid pump as recited in claim 1 in which the means fornormally maintaining the depending and upstanding members in concentric rotatable relation comprises a ball positioned in cooperating recesses formed in the contiguous arcuate surfaces of said members,- and means to permit the ball to move laterally into one of said recesses when axial tension is exerted on one of said members.

3. A liquid pump as recited in claim 1 in which the means for normally maintaining the depending and upstanding members in concentric rotatable relation comprises a recess formed in the interior faceV of the upstanding member, a corresponding peripheral groove in said depending member, a ball` and a spring positioned in said recess arranged to nomally urge said ball against said groove of the dependingmember.

4. A liquidpump as recited in claim l in which the tube-compressing rollers are eccentrically mounted.y

ROGER O. REYMOND.

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