US227105A - Upright steam-boiler - Google Patents

Description

( d l.) 2 sheets -sheet 1.

D. HALE. Upright Steam-B0i1er.

Patented May 4 .1880.

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{No Model.) A 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 D. HALE. Upright St eam-Boiler.

No. 227,105. Patented May 4,1880.

N.PEIER8. PHOIO-LITHDGRAFNER. WASHNGTON. D, C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DANIEL HALE, OF GEORGETOWN, MASSACHUSETTS.

UPRIGHT STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 227,105, dated May 4, 1880.

Application filed March 24, 1880. (No model.) i

To all whom it may concern Be itknown that I, DANIEL HALE, of Georgetown, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Upright Steam-Boilers and attachments thereto; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in all the figures.

Before describing my invention I will briefly remark that it is well known to engine-builders, engineers, and others that port-able engines as now constructed are unwieldy, cumbersome, and heavy, owing to the large amount or quantity of metal used in their construction, and also very costly, on account of such metal and the labor required to fit up and finish them.

In the ordinary construction the engine is secured to the boiler at such points that a great shocking, shivering, and an unsteady motion is imparted to the whole machine by the thud of the engine while passing dead-centers, particularly so when the engine is running at any extraordinary speed, thus loosening theboiler-seams and other joints, causing them to leak, as well as causing the uneven wearing of the bearing-surfaces.

The object of my invention,.is therefore, to remedy the above-named defects and others obvious to practical men.

My design is also to provide a more durable, simple, compact, and economic engine and boiler, both in first cost and in repairs,as well as economy in the evaporation of steam and in the consumption of fuel.

To this end, therefore, my invention consists, essentially, in providing the lower section of the boiler, below the grate, with a water-heater communicating with the water-supply pump and the exhaust-steam heater; secondly, in the peculiar construction of the boiler by which a steam-space is provided within the water-space of the boiler, said steam-space being provided with certain steam and water separating devices, as will hereinafter appear; also, in the construction and arrangement of the tubes,

flues, circulating devices, and other features, which will be fully described, and pointed out in the claims; also, in the location of the main driving-shaft, by which the shaking and jarring motion of the engine is greatly lessened, if not entirely avoided. Universal bearingjoints may be made for the journals.

Referring to the accompanying sheets of drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, Figure 1 represents a vertical section of the boiler, plainly showing the water-heater or jacket with the main or crank shaft running through it, also the heater and engine and their connections in elevation; Fig. 2, a vertical central section taken at right angles to Fig. 1, and showing the smoke-stack or uptake in elevation and partly in section.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the top of the boiler,

part of the top tube-sheet being broken away to show the position of the steam chamber or pocket. Fig. 4 is a transverse section taken on the line y 1 Fig. 2, showing the waterjacket and heater with the main shaft running through it, and also showing the hollow or chambered casting which forms the foundation of the boiler and bearings for the main shaft.

Fig. 5 shows another style of boiler with my improvements attached, and also circulating coil-tubes and an independent steam-chamber, which also acts as a superheater, and which is readily detachable.

Referring to the drawings more in detail, A is the boiler, provided with fire-tubes 1) directly over the furnace B, and communicating with smoke-chamber G, and fastened, in the usual manner, into the upper and lower tubesheets.

D shows another set of smoke-tubes; but these are return-tubes, the upper ends of which are fastened in the upper tube-sheet, the same as the direct tubes 1). They continue down below the direct tubes and through the waterspace surrounding the furnace, and are fastened into an annular plate, (1, which surrounds the furnace and forms a partition between the water-space in the boilerand the lower smokechamber, E.

It will be seen that I thus have a return-flue boiler, utilizing as far as possible the entire heat of the products of combustion by presentin g a large heating-surface.

The top or cap'F is detachable forthe purpose of ready access for cleaning or repairs, so

that should a tube become leaky it can be readily removed and replaced, the difficulty heretofore being that when a tube became loose a great portion of the boiler had to be torn away to get to it.

The whole structure forming the boiler is made up of three sections firmly fastened togethert'. 0., the lower section, forming the ashpit; the middle section,forming the generatin g-chamber and steam-space; and the last and upper section, forming the smoke chamber. The lower one of these sections, E, is cast in one piece and forms the ash-pit. Around this ash-pit is formed an annular chamber between the inner and outer walls, 0 f. This annular chamber serves the purpose of a smoke-box, communicating with the lower end of a go-by uptake, whose function will be more fully described.

Centrally and across the ash-pit E, and between its bottom and the grate-bars, I locate a water-cylinder, G, having running through it a smaller cylinder, by which I form an annular water-space, and which I term a heater, and through which the feed-water passes, there being pipe-connections IL to the pump or injector, and at its other end another set of pipe-connections, g, to the exhaust-steam heater, and thence to the boiler. Through this cylinder G, located as described, I run my main crank-shaft H, the bearings of which are cast in the sides of the ash-pit; and, as usual, I place my fly or balance wheel on one end, and on the other I attach my crank or disk.

It will be readily seen that the cold water from thepump or injector maintains the shaft in its cool normal condition, and at the same time the water is more or less heated on its way to the heater proper, the hot water never entering the water cylinder Gr unless, indeed, it should be used for a heating and circulating deviceindependent of its character in this case; but the gist of this device G is to form a solid foundation for the crank-shaft near the floor or ground and centrally and transversely through the boiler-foundation. In this way the power exerted by the engine is transferred to the most solid portion of the structure, and by this means the jar, shaking, and shivering caused by the thud of the engine while passing the dead-centers, or from other causes, is avoided or transferred to where it is least felt.

I thus produce a smoother running and a more solid and compact engine, either for stationary or portable purposes, and by transferrin g the jar or shaking below the water and steam joints I preserve them from strain, and consequently from leaking. I also balance the engine and boiler by locating on one side of the boiler an exhaust-steam heater, nearly corresponding in weight to the cylinder and its attachments, thus equalizing as far as possible the weight of the apparatus on all sides, which is found to be generally desirable, as well as producing an esthetic effect.

In Fig; 2 is shown the'steam-chamber I, within the water-space of the boiler, and extending from nearly the top tube-sheet to the bot tom. I find this arrangement very convenient and valuable, as it serves every purpose of a steam-dome and occupies a position entirely out of the way. Near the top of this steamchamber I locate a curved plate, a, extending across and downwardly, and I form the top of a perforated plate, J, so that should the boiler prime or have any foreign substance floating on the surface of the water it would be prevented from entering the steam-chamber, and thus prevented from being carried to the valves of the engine.

Another purpose this perforated plate serves is, the steam is compelled to enter the chamber in jets, and in this way it is made to impinge against the top of the curved plate 11. The water in the steam being the heavier, it adheres to the surface of the-plate, and is thus separated from the steam, the steam passing to the engine in a dry and clean state. I may, however, form achamber above the tube-sheet and convey the steam to the chamber, as shown in dotted lines on Fig. 2.

The pipe which conveys the steam to the engine is shown with its mouth down; butit may be turned up, or in any approved way, or it may be stopped at the end and the body perforated.

In operating the engine the pumps may be attachedv in the usual way; but I prefer to have the eccentric that operates the valve also operate the pumps. I however claim nothing on the engine.

Fig. 2 also shows the smoke-stack provided with two induction-apertures from the boiler, one at the top of the boiler, communicating with the direct tubes, and one communicating with the return-tubes, at the ash-pit. When it is desirable to have direct draft, at such times as first kindling the fire, or when the temperature in the boiler is to be lowered, &c., the valve in the upper branch is opened; but

' when it is desired to have the products of combustion returned through the outside circle or down tubes to chamber E, then the valve K is closed, and then the smoke passes out the bottom flue to thesmoke-stack. Shouldthe downdraft be sluggish the exhaust-steam may be turned into the chimney ora jet of live steam, and thus the draft be accelerated.

Fig. 5 represents a very compact, cheap, and efficientboiler, also madeinthree sectionsthe lower, middle, and top sections-substantially the same as the other, differing only in the size of the combustion-chamber, and inserting water-circulatin g and steam-generating coils of pipe in the place of the fire-tube, and which are made very cheaply, and are rapid generators. Two of these coils are fastened to the sides of the boiler and the other two to the crown-sheet. The top and middle sections are also connected by outside pipes, both for steam and water circulation. This boiler is comparatively light, holding but little water and ex- The upper posing a large heating-surface.

portion of the boiler forms the steam-chamber,

and is provided with a series of flame-tubes, which not only generate steam but also superheat it. I

The lower portion or ash-pit performs the same functions as regards the engine-shaft, and is constructed the same as that shown on Sheet 1, only that the annular plate around the furnace is not perforated for flueholes. The chamber E in this case could be used entirely fora feed-water heater-with good results. In this figure (5) aninjector is shown attached to the heater-connections, so that should it be preferred to dispense with the pump, or if the pump should break, the injector would be available without further trouble.

It is evidentthatblowoif cocks to the heater, bottom of the boiler, 850., may be applied in the usual manner; also, safety-valves, gages, and other appliances, (not shown,) will readily suggest themselves.

Having now described my invention and its mode of operation, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a boiler and engine, the combination of the shaft of the engine with the water-cylinder, running transversely and centrally through the ash-pit of the boiler, and resting in bearings formed in the same, whereby the power of the engine is transferred below the bottom of the boiler, in the manner and for the purposes herein shown and described.

2. In aportable boiler, the combination of the pump-connection h and water-cylinder G, located as shown, with the exhaust-steam heater and their combined connections, whereby the water is first heated in the water-cylinder and then in the exhaust-steam cylinder before its induction into the boiler, all constructed and arranged to operate as shown and described.

3. In a steam-boiler, the combination of the steam-chamber located within the water-space between the tube-sheets, said chamber being provided with aperforated top to prevent scum from entering, and a curved plate, 1', for separating the steam from the water, all constructed and arranged to operate as herein set forth and described.

4. In an engine-boiler, the combination of the furnace, the direct fire-tubes b, the smokebox 0, return-tubes D, the ash-pit s1nokechamber E, formed by the walls of and the annular tube-sheet (Z, with the branch smokestack, all constructed and arranged to operate in the manner and for the purpose set forth and described.

DANIEL HALE.

Witnesses:

H. S. HARRIMAN, H. P. NoYEs.

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