US2270683A - Automatic firearm - Google Patents

Automatic firearm Download PDF

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Publication number
US2270683A
US2270683A US179769A US17976937A US2270683A US 2270683 A US2270683 A US 2270683A US 179769 A US179769 A US 179769A US 17976937 A US17976937 A US 17976937A US 2270683 A US2270683 A US 2270683A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
breech block
carrier
actuator
receiver
movement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US179769A
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English (en)
Inventor
Janecek Frantisek
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of US2270683A publication Critical patent/US2270683A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/54—Bolt locks of the unlocked type, i.e. being inertia operated
    • F41A3/56—Bolt locks of the unlocked type, i.e. being inertia operated the bolt being provided with an additional slidable mass

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement of the locking device of an automatic fire-arm with a fixed barrel and with a locking operated by the inertia of the recoil parts.
  • an actuator is inserted, said actuator being designed as a single-arm lever provided with a sufiicient transmission ratio between the motion of the breech block and the motion of the recoil locking mass; said actuator being set out of action, after ring, at a convenlent time and thereupon the breech block and the breech block carrier move together towards their rearmost position.
  • said actuator is arranged in such a manner as to be able of angular displacement and, in its locked position bears by one of its locking surfaces against a xed support in the receiver, the other locking surface of the actuator urging the breech block onto the front of the barrel.
  • the actuator After ring, the pressure of the gases is transmitted, through the cartridge bottom onto the breech block and thereby against the breech surface between the locking block, actuator and the fixed support within the receiver.
  • the actuator begins its displacement by rolling on the locking surfaces which motion results in an accelerated movement of the breech block carrier, the breech block moving substantially slower.
  • This rolling or turning movement of the actuator continues until a time where the actuator is set out of action by sliding on the nxed support into ⁇ the interior of the receiver, with its free end engaging the receiver wall.
  • a mutual distance is reliably maintained, during their further movement, between the breech block and its carrier, as both these parts are held apart by the actuator.
  • the whole mechanism On its forward motion, the whole mechanism is held in the spread position by the force of the feed spring until the actuator glides upon the fixed support Within the receiver and the locking action takes place.
  • the transmission ratio of the actuator may be chosen, within Wide limits, by a suitable shape of the locking surfaces.
  • the length of the actuator it is possible, at the same transmission ratio, to attain various periods of locking and thereby to control the cadence of the fire, i. e., the kinetic energy of the locking mechanism.
  • unlocking In arms with a iiiced locking it is necessary that unlocking be effected only after the bullet has left the barrel and the pressure in the barrel has ceased, as otherwise unlocking under pressure would require an excessive amount of power and work.
  • this is not absolutely necessary, since there is no locking effect of the kind found in arms with fixed locks, but a locking effect caused by the breech block masses suitably multiplied by the transmission ratio of the actuator; unlocking begins immediately after ⁇ firing the shot, as instantaneously after firing begins the motion of the cartridge, breech block, actuator and breech block carrier.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of the arm, the breech block mechanism being in its locking position
  • Fig. 2 is a similar Section, the locking mechanism being in this case in its rearmost position
  • Fig. 3 is a cross section
  • l is the xed barrel, wherein' a bullet 2 is inserted within the barrel chamber.
  • the barrel l is xedly connected (by threads, bayonet joint or the like) with the receiver 3 for the breech block, which receiver is provided with a cylindrical bore for receiving the breech block mechanism.
  • the breech block 4 is supported within the guideway of the carrier 6 in such a manner as to be able of displacement in a longitudinal direction, said carrier 6 being sldable within the receiver 3 and secured by a guideway (not shown) against rotation.
  • the actuator 5 is supported in the carrier 6 in a manner so as to be capable of angular displacement, the supporting surface being only slightly greater than the surface of a half-cylinder, so that it is possible, after displacing the actuator angularly into a determined position, to remove the actuator 5 from its seat within the carrier so that assembling and dismantling of these parts may be realised in a very easy manner. It is obvious,l that the actuator 5 may be inserted in the carrier 6 only when the mechanism is removed from the receiver, i. e. the support being drawn out, and the mutual position of the actuator and support, on inserting, being such that it cannot fall out accidentally.
  • the modified embodiment shown in Fig. 4 has a non-cylindrical interior of the receiver, i. e. the inter-lor, in this case, has a rectangular shape and the shapes of the breech block, breech block carrier and actuator are adapted thereto.
  • 'I'he discharging and firing mechanism may be designed in any manner whatsoever. More particularly it is possible to design said devices for automatic firing directly by the action of the breech block carrier which, 'at the end of the locking motion, strikes the firing pin.
  • the carrier 6, will be urged, on the one hand, against the breech block 4, and on the other hand against the stop 1, mounted iixedly within the receiver 3 of the breech block; the locking surfaces, i. e. engages surfaces of the breech block 4, actuator 5 and stop 'l are formed out in the same manner as the flanks of the teeth gears, so that said surfaces in case of relative movement of said parts roll on each other with slight gliding.
  • the top surface l of the stop 'l fits with the interior of the receiver 3 to enable the actuator to slide, without disturbance, after unlocking, upon the s top 'I into the receiver bore.
  • the recoil spring 8 bears on the cover 9 which is connected to the receiver 3, for example, by means of a bayonet joint. After removing said cover 9 the whole mechanism may be drawn out.
  • Firing is eiected, for example, by the hammer l2 being engaged, in the position shown in Fig. 2, by the latch i3, to be released by the known trigger (not shown). After unlocking'the latch i3, the hammer l2 strikes, through an opening in the actuator, the firing pin i0 whereupon rng occurs.
  • a xedbarrel and a receiver securing thereto, a breech blockv and a breech block carrierlongitudinally slidably mounted in said receiver, a ring pin carried in said breech block, means connecting said.
  • breech block and said carrier together for limited longitudinal movement with respect to one another, and an. actuator interposed between said breech block and said carrier for eiective differential recoil movement between said carrier and said breech block after firing, and a recoil spring in said receiver acting on said carrier, said actuator being pivoted to said carrier and engaggaging surfaces of said actuator with said breech block, said carrier andsaid for rolling contact.
  • a fixed barrel formed to receive a cartridge, a tubular receiver secured to said barrel in alignment with the same, a breech block and a breech block carrier mounted for longitudinal movement in said receiver, a spring retracted ring pin carried vby said breech block, a recoil spring in said receiver to the rear of said breech block and said carrier, said receiver having a well with a.
  • an actuator comprising a member pivoted at one end to said carrier and of a length to project into said well to cooperate with said xed stop and by engaging said breech block serve to lock the breech block in the -ilring position, said actuator also serving at the commencement of the recoil action to retard the breech block and 7.
  • a xed barrel formed to receive a cartridge, a tubular receiver secured to said barrel in alignment with a the same, a breech block.
  • a breech block carrier mounted for longitudinal movement in said receiver, a spring retracted ring pin carried by said breech block, a recoil spring in said receiver tothe rear oi said breech block and said carrier, said receiver having a well with a fixed stop, an actuator comprising a member pivoted at one end to said carrier and of a length to project into said well to cooperate with said xed stop and by engaging said breech block serve to lock the breech block in the firing position, said actuator also serving at the commencement of the recoil action to retard the breech block and accelerate the carrier, until the actuator is rockedto a position where its projecting end is brought into the receiver, the contacting surfaces of said actuator being shaped for rolling contact.
  • a fixed barrel formed to receive a cartridge, a tubular receiver secured to said barrel in alignment with the same, a breech block and a breech block carrier mounted for longitudinal movement in said receiver, a spring retracted ring pin carried by said breech block, a recoil spring in said receiver to the rear of said breech block and said carrier, said receiver having awell with a xed stop, anactuator comprising a member pivoted at one end to said carrier and of a length to project into said well to cooperate with said fixed stop and by engaging said breech block serve to lock the breech block in the firing position.
  • said actuator also serving at the commencement of the recoil action to retard the breech block and accelerate the carrier, until the actuator is rocked to a position where its projecting end is brought into the receiver, said actuator having a hole into which the rear end of said firing pin projects anda latched hammer constructed to engage DCver, means cooperative with the mass inertia of said carrier andl with said receiver for lock- .ing carrier and breech block together in the ring position and for first accelerating the recoil accelerate the carrier, until the actuator is rocked 6o to a. position where its projecting end is brought into the receiver.
  • said last named means comprising a rocking actuation carried by said carrier and engaging said breech-block, and a fixed stop carnied by said receiver with which said actuator cooperates to hold the parts in the ring position until firing has occurred.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
US179769A 1936-12-14 1937-12-14 Automatic firearm Expired - Lifetime US2270683A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CS201660X 1936-12-14

Publications (1)

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US2270683A true US2270683A (en) 1942-01-20

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US179769A Expired - Lifetime US2270683A (en) 1936-12-14 1937-12-14 Automatic firearm

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US (1) US2270683A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE425163A (en(2012))
CH (1) CH201660A (en(2012))
FR (1) FR830638A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB498424A (en(2012))
NL (1) NL62085C (en(2012))

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2547180A (en) * 1948-12-20 1951-04-03 Frank S Taylor Rifle construction
US2571132A (en) * 1947-08-29 1951-10-16 Earle M Harvey Fire control mechanism for firearms
EP0194251A1 (de) * 1985-02-20 1986-09-10 STEYR-DAIMLER-PUCH Aktiengesellschaft Handfeuerwaffe
WO1998027396A1 (en) * 1996-12-18 1998-06-25 Czech Weapons, S.R.O. Locking mechanism for the breech mechanism of a gun
WO2005108900A1 (de) 2004-05-04 2005-11-17 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Selbstlade-handfeuerwaffe mit beschleunigtem verschlussträger
WO2007137524A2 (en) 2006-05-25 2007-12-06 Czech Weapons S.R.O. Locking mechanism of a hand firearm
US20110017057A1 (en) * 2009-07-24 2011-01-27 Vladimir Loganchuk Breech device for a hand firearm
US20170122685A1 (en) * 2014-05-15 2017-05-04 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Semiautomatic firearm
RU2638889C2 (ru) * 2016-04-12 2017-12-18 Николай Борисович Кретов Полусвободный затвор стрелкового оружия
RU2639965C1 (ru) * 2016-08-19 2017-12-25 Николай Борисович Кретов Запирающий механизм стрелкового оружия
RU184495U1 (ru) * 2018-05-11 2018-10-29 Николай Борисович Кретов Полусвободный затвор автоматического оружия

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1073911B (de) * 1960-01-21 Schweizerische Industrie-Gesellschaft, Neuhausen, Rheinfall (Schweiz) Selbsttätige Feuerwaffe
CH341412A (de) * 1955-06-09 1959-09-30 Dipag Ltd Automatische Schusswaffe
FR2231937B1 (en(2012)) * 1973-06-01 1976-06-11 Tellie Paul

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2571132A (en) * 1947-08-29 1951-10-16 Earle M Harvey Fire control mechanism for firearms
US2547180A (en) * 1948-12-20 1951-04-03 Frank S Taylor Rifle construction
EP0194251A1 (de) * 1985-02-20 1986-09-10 STEYR-DAIMLER-PUCH Aktiengesellschaft Handfeuerwaffe
US4677898A (en) * 1985-02-20 1987-07-07 Steyr-Daimler-Puch Ag Hand firearm
WO1998027396A1 (en) * 1996-12-18 1998-06-25 Czech Weapons, S.R.O. Locking mechanism for the breech mechanism of a gun
WO2005108900A1 (de) 2004-05-04 2005-11-17 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Selbstlade-handfeuerwaffe mit beschleunigtem verschlussträger
DE102004021952B3 (de) * 2004-05-04 2005-12-29 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Selbstlade-Handfeuerwaffe mit beschleunigtem Verschlußträger
WO2007137524A2 (en) 2006-05-25 2007-12-06 Czech Weapons S.R.O. Locking mechanism of a hand firearm
WO2007137524A3 (en) * 2006-05-25 2008-01-31 Czech Weapons S R O Locking mechanism of a hand firearm
CZ301336B6 (cs) * 2006-05-25 2010-01-20 Czech Weapons S. R. O. Uzamykací mechanizmus rucní palné zbrane
US20110017057A1 (en) * 2009-07-24 2011-01-27 Vladimir Loganchuk Breech device for a hand firearm
US8117957B2 (en) 2009-07-24 2012-02-21 Vladimir Loganchuk Breech device for a hand firearm
US20170122685A1 (en) * 2014-05-15 2017-05-04 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Semiautomatic firearm
US10788277B2 (en) * 2014-05-15 2020-09-29 Savage Arms, Inc. Semiautomatic firearm
US11713933B2 (en) * 2014-05-15 2023-08-01 Savage Arms, Inc. Semiautomatic firearm
US12152854B2 (en) 2014-05-15 2024-11-26 Savage Arms, Inc. Semiautomatic firearm
US20250123063A1 (en) * 2014-05-15 2025-04-17 Savage Arms, Inc. Semiautomatic firearm
RU2638889C2 (ru) * 2016-04-12 2017-12-18 Николай Борисович Кретов Полусвободный затвор стрелкового оружия
RU2639965C1 (ru) * 2016-08-19 2017-12-25 Николай Борисович Кретов Запирающий механизм стрелкового оружия
RU184495U1 (ru) * 2018-05-11 2018-10-29 Николай Борисович Кретов Полусвободный затвор автоматического оружия

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE425163A (en(2012))
GB498424A (en) 1939-01-09
FR830638A (fr) 1938-08-04
CH201660A (de) 1938-12-15
NL62085C (en(2012))

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