US2251268A - Article of manufacture - Google Patents

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Publication number
US2251268A
US2251268A US328179A US32817940A US2251268A US 2251268 A US2251268 A US 2251268A US 328179 A US328179 A US 328179A US 32817940 A US32817940 A US 32817940A US 2251268 A US2251268 A US 2251268A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
mono
sheer
knit
elasticity
denier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US328179A
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English (en)
Inventor
Clawson Robert Arthur
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL55373D priority Critical patent/NL55373C/xx
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority to US328179A priority patent/US2251268A/en
Priority to DEJ1132A priority patent/DE1150338B/de
Priority to GB4600/41A priority patent/GB549822A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2251268A publication Critical patent/US2251268A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
    • D04B1/24—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel
    • D04B1/26—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel stockings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/60—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/06—Non-run fabrics or articles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
    • D04B1/16—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials synthetic threads

Definitions

  • This invention relates to sheer, knit fabrics, such as ladies sheer, knit ,hose, and more particularly it relates to new and improved sheer, knit articles and fabrics which have been knit from single, artificial filaments, or so-called mono-flls.
  • Silk yarn is necessarily a multifllament yarn since each filament is fine and relatively weak. It has been necessary to make hosiery from silk in the gum to the end that the silk gum may protect the filaments until the stocking is ready to be dyed. It has also been the custom to twist the silk filaments together to protect them during processing and use.
  • Twisting imparts to the silk filaments a greater snag resistance; it produces a sheerer stocking; and it modifies the luster of the silk yarn.
  • To impart mechanical elasticity it has been the custom to twist silk further; and since twisting results in a poorly balanced yarn resort has been made to doubling such twisted yarns to produce a balanced thread.
  • Substantially the same procedure has been followed with rayon and other synthetic yarns, although these yarns have found little use in sheer full-fashioned ladies hosiery.
  • sheer, knit stockings from yarns comprised of artificial filaments it has been considered essential, heretofore, to use multifilament yarns in-order to obtain the necessary flexibility and softness.
  • sheer, knit hose, and similar sheer, knit goods can be constructed of mono-fils, which knitgoods will have a flexibility, softness and elasticity that for all practical. purposes and 1 usage is hardly distinguishable from previously known multifilament sheer, knit goods of equal strength and durability. The sheerness and durability of monofil sheer, knit goods exceed that of multifilament sheer, knit goods.
  • articles and fabrics such as sheer, knit hose and hosiery fabrics from artificial mono-fils of synthetic linear polyamides, which articles and fabrics have great sheerness, strength, elasticity, exceptional durability, and very satisfactory fiexibility, softness, and appearance.
  • the objects of the invention may be accomplished by knitting sheer stockings, and similar articles and fabrics from mono-fils, which have the proper characteristics of denier, tenacity, modulus of elasticity, and
  • the more specific objects of the invention may best be accomplished by knitting sheer stockings and similar articles and fabrics from mono-fils of synthetic linear polyamides which have the established on proper characteristics of denier, tenacity, modulus of elasticity, and r Tenacity Modulus of elasticity as hereinafter described.
  • Figure 1 is a side-elevational view showing generally the construction of ladies sheer knit hosiery.
  • Figure 2 is a magnified view of a smalrsection of a sheer knit structure knitted from single filaments, or mono-fils.
  • Figure 3 is a very highly magnified view of a small section of a sheer knit structure knitted in the conventional construction from a multiknit stockings from mono-flis in accordance with the present invention.
  • the invention is, of course, 'not to be limited by the specific details of these: examples. 7
  • Example I Polyhexamethylene adipamide was spun from melt in a manner known to the art to produce monofils-of 60 denier. These mono-fils were cold drawn approximately '40Q%- (ratio drawn; undrawn 4:1) to produce an oriented mono-fii of .15 denier. The mono-fil had a dry tenacity at 75 F. and a relative humidity of 85%.01' 4.8
  • Example II A 17-denier drawn mono-fil with a dry tenacity at 75 F. and a relative humidity of 65% of 4.8 grams per-denier, a residual elongation of 34%, a modulus of elasticity of 0.25 gram per denier for a 1% stretch, and a Tenacity Modulus of elasticity factor of 19.2, prepared from polyhexamethylene adipamide as in Example I, was knit into a 45- gauge seamless stocking. The stocking was preset by a pre-boarding process, dyed, and finally reboarded. 1 I
  • the stockings of the examples had a surprisingly good hand and softness, were quite sheer, presented a good appearance, and were very snag resistant. They had good elastic properties, high wet strength, great resistance to the action of water, great heat resistance, and good recovery after deformation while wet or dry because of the ability of the fabric to be set by steam'treatment.
  • the stocking fabrics were made of mono-fils of 15 and 17 denier, it is to be understood that use may be I made of mono-fils of other denier values, preferably within the limits of 5 to 30 denier, and particularly good results are obtained with monofils of denier values between 10 and 20.
  • ins of elasticity is usually expressed in terms of pounds per square inch or kilograms oer square centimeter required to produce unit elongation, it has been found to be more convenient, when referring to, yarns, to deflne modulus of elasticity as the number of grams per denier required to stretch the yarn 1% in length. It is to be understood that use may be made of mono-his having other values for the modulus of elasticity than that used in the examples, preferably not to'exceed 0.6 gram per denier for 1% stretch. For example, excellent hose can beprepared from mon -flls spun from aminocaproic acid polymer having a modulus of elasticity of about 0.2 gram per denier for 1% stretch.
  • Good 20 hose can be prepared from mono-illsspun from (modulus of denier for 1% stretch), or from the polymer derived from parabeta-amino-diethyl amino-benzene and sebacic polydecamethylene sebacamide acid (modulus of elasticity about 0.4 gram per denier for 1% stretch), or from the interpolymer prepared by conjointly polymerizing vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate in such a manner as to produce a polymer containing 87% of the chloride (modulus of elasticity about 0.4- gram per denier for 1% stretch).
  • mono-ills suitable for use in the production of sheer knit goods should have a tenacity of at least 2 grams per denier, a denier of between 5 and 30, and a modulus of elasticity not to exceed 0.6 gram per denier for 1% stretch.
  • Tenacity Modulus of elasticity no factor of a mono-fll is of further great importance. In order to obtain sheer knit goods of great sheerness, strength, elasticity, and durability, and exhibiting very desirable flexibility,
  • mono-ills prepared from synthetic linear polyamides are preferred, mono-ills of synthetic linear polyesters, synthetic linear polyethers, synthetic linear polyacetals, synthetic interpolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, interpolymers of unsymmetrical dichloroethylene; e.- g., with vinyl esters, acrylic and methacrylic acid esters, and styrene, and other types of synthetic linear polymers and interpolymers may also be used the production of desirable sheer knit goods.
  • the mono-ills when using synthetic linear polyamide mono-' flls, the mono-ills may be drawn to whatever extent, is desired within the possible limits of drawing of the mono-ills, although they are preferably drawn between (1.5:1 ratio of drawn to undrawn yarn) and 500% (5:1 ratio).
  • Either wet or dry mono-ills may be used in the preparation of the stockings of this invention.
  • Wet knitting of unsized yarn gives a more desirable stocking fabric, for it prevents a distortion of the stitches sometimes ness.”
  • a stocking may be knitted from mono-fils of a synthetic linear polyamide in the heel and toe and silk in the foot and leg.
  • a stocking may be knitted from synthetic linear polyamide mono-ills in the foot and le and cotton in the heel and toe.
  • a stocking mono-ills in the'foot and leg, silk in the welt, and cotton in the heel and toe may be knitted from mono-fils of a synthetic linear polyamide in the heel and toe and silk in the foot and leg.
  • vention may contain modifying agents, such as luster-modifying agents, platicizers, pigments and dyes, antioxidants, resins, etc. Inasmuch as mono-ills of the characterhereincourse, be suitable for the production of many soft, flexible woven goods in the production of which only muitifllament yarns have heretofore been used. j
  • a sheer, knit structure comprising knit loops which consist of synthetic linear polyamide mono-ills having a denier of between 5 and 30, a tenacity of at 1east'4 grams per denier, a modulus of elasticity not to exceed 0.3, and a Tenacity Modulus of elasticity factor of at least 10.
  • the present invention furnishes to the consumer a hosiery product which is substantially better in strength, durability, snag resistance,
  • a sheer, knit structure comprising knit loops which consist of mono-ills having a denier of between 5 and 30, a. tenacity of at least 2 grams per denier, amodulus of elasticity not to exceed 0.6, and a Tenacity m factor of at least 6.
  • a sheer, knit stocking comprising knit loops which consist of mono-flls having a denier of between 5 and 30, a tenacity of at least 2 grams Der derier, a modulus of elasticity not to exceed 0.6, an a Y Tenacity Modulus of elasticity factor of at least 6.
  • a sheer, knit stocking comprising knit loops which consist of synthetic linear polyamide mono-fils having a denier of between 5 and 30, a tenacity of at least 4 grams per demer, a modulus of elasticity not to exceed 0. 3, and a Tenacity Modulus of elasticity factor of at least 10.
  • a permanently set, sheer, knit stocking com prising knit loops which consist of synthetic linear polyamide mono-ills having a denier of between 5 and 30, a tenacity of atv least 4 grams per denier, a modulus of elasticity not to exceed 0.3 and a Tenacity Modulus of elasticity factor of at least 10.
  • a sheer, knit stocking comprising knit loops which consist of mono-ills of polyhexamethylene adipamide, said mono-fils having a denier of between 5 and 30, a tenacity of at least 4 grams per denier, a modulus of elasticity not to exceed 0.3, and a Tenacity Modulus of elasticity factor of at least 10.
  • a permanently set, sheer, knit stocking comprising knit loops which consist of mono-fils of polyheamethylene adipamide, said mono-fils having a denier of between 5 and 30, a tenacity of at least 4 grams per denier, a modulus of elasa Tenacity Modulus of elasticity factor of at least 10.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Socks And Pantyhose (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
US328179A 1940-04-06 1940-04-06 Article of manufacture Expired - Lifetime US2251268A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL55373D NL55373C (en, 2012) 1940-04-06
US328179A US2251268A (en) 1940-04-06 1940-04-06 Article of manufacture
DEJ1132A DE1150338B (de) 1940-04-06 1941-02-22 Strumpf aus Einzelfaeden (Monofils) von Polyamiden und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
GB4600/41A GB549822A (en) 1940-04-06 1941-04-07 Improvements in or relating to knitted structures

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US328179A US2251268A (en) 1940-04-06 1940-04-06 Article of manufacture

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2251268A true US2251268A (en) 1941-08-05

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ID=23279855

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US328179A Expired - Lifetime US2251268A (en) 1940-04-06 1940-04-06 Article of manufacture

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2251268A (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE1150338B (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB549822A (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL55373C (en, 2012)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2500759A (en) * 1948-12-24 1950-03-14 Largman Joseph Stocking
US2501353A (en) * 1948-03-01 1950-03-21 Scott & Williams Inc Stocking
US2520091A (en) * 1950-04-07 1950-08-22 Sanson Hosiery Mills Inc Hosiery
US2584944A (en) * 1949-09-07 1952-02-05 Gotham Hosiery Company Inc Reinforced stocking
US2601451A (en) * 1948-09-22 1952-06-24 Scott & Williams Inc Stocking and method of making the same
US2617114A (en) * 1950-11-18 1952-11-11 Sanson Hosiery Mills Inc Full-fashioned hosiery seam construction
US2623266A (en) * 1946-11-23 1952-12-30 Sandoz Ltd Crimped fibers, filaments, and threads
US2636368A (en) * 1950-10-19 1953-04-28 Munsingwear Inc Garment having a resilient section
US2660868A (en) * 1950-07-28 1953-12-01 Rosedale Knitting Company Stocking
US2664726A (en) * 1949-12-22 1954-01-05 Manuel M Lihn Stocking and method of making same
US2705411A (en) * 1952-11-04 1955-04-05 Duplan Corp Hosiery
US2715762A (en) * 1954-07-21 1955-08-23 Diamond Hosiery Corp Method of forming knitted fabric
US2879654A (en) * 1955-02-04 1959-03-31 Duofold Inc Armored undergarment
US2921455A (en) * 1955-01-31 1960-01-19 Real Silk Hosiery Mills Inc Method of making a knit stocking
US3132496A (en) * 1956-10-17 1964-05-12 Manor Hosiery Mills Inc Hosiery
US3210964A (en) * 1960-12-02 1965-10-12 Kellwood Co Stretchable hosiery and the like
US3301017A (en) * 1964-02-07 1967-01-31 Alamance Ind Inc Pick and run resistant stocking and method of forming same
WO2009109392A3 (de) * 2008-03-07 2009-12-03 Dennis De Ein paar miteinander lösbar verbindbarer socken oder strümpfe mit verbesserter haltbarkeit

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE360724C (de) * 1920-01-29 1922-10-06 A Lauffs Dr Kunstseidene Textilwaren
DE645940C (de) * 1933-06-15 1937-06-10 Glanzstoff Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Nachbehandlung von frisch gesponnenen Kunstseidefaeden im fortlaufenden Arbeitsgang
DE633376C (de) * 1934-09-21 1936-07-25 Glanzstoff Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kunstseidenkreppgewebe
US2157116A (en) * 1937-02-15 1939-05-09 Du Pont Stocking and method for producing same

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2623266A (en) * 1946-11-23 1952-12-30 Sandoz Ltd Crimped fibers, filaments, and threads
US2501353A (en) * 1948-03-01 1950-03-21 Scott & Williams Inc Stocking
US2601451A (en) * 1948-09-22 1952-06-24 Scott & Williams Inc Stocking and method of making the same
US2500759A (en) * 1948-12-24 1950-03-14 Largman Joseph Stocking
US2584944A (en) * 1949-09-07 1952-02-05 Gotham Hosiery Company Inc Reinforced stocking
US2664726A (en) * 1949-12-22 1954-01-05 Manuel M Lihn Stocking and method of making same
US2520091A (en) * 1950-04-07 1950-08-22 Sanson Hosiery Mills Inc Hosiery
US2660868A (en) * 1950-07-28 1953-12-01 Rosedale Knitting Company Stocking
US2636368A (en) * 1950-10-19 1953-04-28 Munsingwear Inc Garment having a resilient section
US2617114A (en) * 1950-11-18 1952-11-11 Sanson Hosiery Mills Inc Full-fashioned hosiery seam construction
US2705411A (en) * 1952-11-04 1955-04-05 Duplan Corp Hosiery
US2715762A (en) * 1954-07-21 1955-08-23 Diamond Hosiery Corp Method of forming knitted fabric
US2921455A (en) * 1955-01-31 1960-01-19 Real Silk Hosiery Mills Inc Method of making a knit stocking
US2879654A (en) * 1955-02-04 1959-03-31 Duofold Inc Armored undergarment
US3132496A (en) * 1956-10-17 1964-05-12 Manor Hosiery Mills Inc Hosiery
US3210964A (en) * 1960-12-02 1965-10-12 Kellwood Co Stretchable hosiery and the like
US3301017A (en) * 1964-02-07 1967-01-31 Alamance Ind Inc Pick and run resistant stocking and method of forming same
WO2009109392A3 (de) * 2008-03-07 2009-12-03 Dennis De Ein paar miteinander lösbar verbindbarer socken oder strümpfe mit verbesserter haltbarkeit
US20110126344A1 (en) * 2008-03-07 2011-06-02 Dennis De Pair of socks or stockings that can be removably connected to one another and have an improved durability
US10194699B2 (en) 2008-03-07 2019-02-05 Dennis De Pair of socks or stockings that can be removably connected to one another and have an improved durability

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL55373C (en, 2012)
GB549822A (en) 1942-12-09
DE1150338B (de) 1963-06-20

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