US2233299A - Cathode ray tube - Google Patents

Cathode ray tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US2233299A
US2233299A US239154A US23915438A US2233299A US 2233299 A US2233299 A US 2233299A US 239154 A US239154 A US 239154A US 23915438 A US23915438 A US 23915438A US 2233299 A US2233299 A US 2233299A
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United States
Prior art keywords
diaphragm
cathode
aperture
cathode ray
diaphragms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US239154A
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English (en)
Inventor
Schlesinger Kurt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Loewe Opta GmbH
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Loewe Opta GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Loewe Opta GmbH filed Critical Loewe Opta GmbH
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Publication of US2233299A publication Critical patent/US2233299A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/58—Arrangements for focusing or reflecting ray or beam
    • H01J29/62—Electrostatic lenses
    • H01J29/622—Electrostatic lenses producing fields exhibiting symmetry of revolution
    • H01J29/624—Electrostatic lenses producing fields exhibiting symmetry of revolution co-operating with or closely associated to an electron gun

Definitions

  • the invention relates to improvements in the electron-optical arrangement, more peularly for Braun tubes of high output, in which a. diaphragm aperture acta as object f reproduction and a so-called intersection-point optical system is employed.
  • I1 has already been proposed by the applicants on a previ0us occasion to use 1ar'e-surface cathodes in conjunction with a net-like control 0 grid, in order in this way considerably to increase the properly controllable intensity of the ray current.
  • the realisation cf this idea is confronted by difficulties in the electron-optical treatment cf the electronic ray.
  • the electron-optica1 arrangement according to 50 the invention is illustrated diagrammatically by way of example in Fig. 1.
  • the preliminary coucentration system which unites in the aperture of the diaphragm acting as object 015 reproductlon all rays which pass through the contro1 grid, 55 is formed by the diaphragm I, I:he aperture-lens electrode I anal the cathode Ii.
  • an electrode 8 which is raised to the same potential as the diaphragm and is prefer ably united by means 0f an annular intermediate 5 member With the diaphragm itse1f to form a. single metallic diaphragm element.
  • the inlet aperture 0 of the diaphragm element determines in conjunction with the spacing c between the electrodes 8 and I the angle of entry o: of the 10 ray into the diaphragm, or into the lens space situated behind the same, and serves to shade off interfering, excessively inclined marginal rays.
  • the aperture electrode I may 11012 be employed as diaphragm, as otherwise marginal errors will again unavoidably occur. Its opening must always be somewhat larger than I:he crosssection 0f the electronic ray traversing the same.
  • the diaphragm I is formed by a thick metallic disc having a conic'al recess at its centre.
  • the actual diaphragm aperture is located in a thin sheet of p1atinum, which is welded on 110 the rear of the metallic ring.
  • the main lens sonsists of an inlet tube 2, which has a lower potentia1 than the diaphragm, and an outlet tube 3, which is raised 130 anode potential anti is preierably metallicly connected with the anode 4.
  • AI the Same time, according to the invention, the diameter of the outlet tu.be is selected to be approximately uns-half of the diameter 0f the inlet tube.
  • the outlet tube extends for approximately one-half of its length into the inlet tube.
  • a further perforated diaphragm I4 spaced to such extent from the lens field that interference With this field by the diaphragm I4 is out of the question, i. e. at a distance 0f aI; least 2-3 times 01.
  • the size of the opening I4 is such tha)t all rays passing through the same enter the main lens within an angle amounting to 8090% of that determined by 01. In this way rays which are extremely remote from the axis 8.11C1 cannot be properly embraced by the main lens are precluded.
  • the effect; of the diaphragm I4 is obtained all the more readily the more it is spaced away from the main diaphragm.
  • the connecting of the tube in accordance with the invention is particularly important.
  • the anode 4 is connected with the highest positive potential, the tubular lens electrode 2 with a low adjustable focussing potential
  • the bias of the diaphragm I can be adjusted as desired at the point 9 of a potentiometer.
  • the diaphragm bias there occurs the following: If the bias 0f the diaphragm I is increased until it gradually reaches the ful1 anode potential, the energy in I:he Image point is increased considerably with approximately constant density of ene1gh i. e., the diameter o-f the image point also increases. Accordingly by varying the tapping 9, the size of the image point, with constant and wel1 defined form of the lurninous spot, can be so 213djusted that the lines just overlap. It. is an attendant feature of the arrangemen-t as described that, without special means, a consiclerable fraction of the oncoming electronic current is swal-- lowed up by the diaphragm itself.
  • I I are connected in the lead to the electrode 2.
  • the time constant of this combination must be grea.ter than the image change period in oraler to avoid that the sharpness of the point is afiected. by the contents of the image.
  • Ther'e can be employed a comparatively high resistance III (approximately 0.5 to 1 megohm), and a -cpmparatively small co-ndenser II (approxixnately 01 u F.) is then suztficient.
  • the spacing a determines together with the quotient of the potentials at I and 8 the scale by Which the cross-section of the ray is reduced from the cathode Ii'-up to the diaphragm l. In this connection, if b ⁇ S th'e spacing between I anti. 8, the
  • the net electrode I5 acting as control grid is itse1f clesigned as diaphragm by the fact thatits aperture is made equal 130 the cathode surf'ace capable of being utilised or oniy very little larger. In this manner there is prevented at the outset the occurrence of marginal rays which are so greatly inclinecl in relation to the axis that they coul d in no case be properly handled by the concentration optical system.
  • the net should divide the cathode surface into at least 10, and preferably more, elementary areas.
  • the diaphragm. l preferably has the s'ame potential as. the tubulai member 2, With which it. can be metallicly connected.
  • a speoial aperture-electrode I3 On the inIet side of the cathode ray there is located a speoial aperture-electrode I3, whichas -comp'ared with the diaphragm is raised to a. potential wl'iich is positive: to the-extent of a few hundred volts.
  • the spacing between I3 and I is preferably o-f the order of the aperture of I3. Both amount to approximately 1 mm.
  • Im-- mediately the electrocle I3. hasa potential which is at least 100 volts higher than the diaphragm the di-aphragm circuit is without current.
  • the electrode I3 is capable of completely replacing in efiect the electrode 8 in Fig. 1 so that the latter is superfluous.
  • Ae0mioination of this Rind comprising a suctional electrode I3. and an aperture diaphragm I can be employed' in allcases in Which elimination of the current loss of the diaphragrn is desired.
  • the provision of. the. emotional electrode on the inlet side of the cathode ray has the advantage that the secondary emission isabsorbed bef0ref the secondary electrons ente-r the space of the main 1ens. In this way the image point is freed from its interfering halo.
  • A. cathode ray tube comprisihg means ineluding a cathode for produeinganal conti*olling a.- cathode ray, a first aperturei di'aphragm, a concentratingel'ectroxr optica1 system compris'ing tW'o-further diaphragr'nsifox fcusing said cathod ray in the aperture cf said first diaphragm, an intensity control ele ':trode arranged between said cathode and said concentrating system and cousisting of a fine-wire net supported by another diaphragm, the aperture of whlch hasapproximately the same size as -the emissive surface of said.
  • a second cyl1nder mounted co-axially with said first cy1- inder and extending to the space between said first 1cy1inder and said screen, said' second cy1- inder having a diameter of approxlmately of the diameter of said first cylln'der and extending into said first cylinder for approximately A; of its 1ength.
  • a cathode ray taube comprising means inc1uding a cathode for produclng a cathode ray
  • an intensity contro1 electrode m0-unted in front of the emissive surface of said cathode a. first apertured. diaphragm, an electron optica1 preconcentrating system adapted to produce a first focus of said cathode ray in the aperture of said: first diaphragm, saicl preconcentrating system consisting cf said first di'aphngm and two further apert;ured diaphragms mounted between said first diaphragm and said control electrode, the intermediate cf said three diaphragms having a smaller distance from said first diaphragm than from the third of said diaphgrams, the ap ertures of said.
  • the size cf the aperture of said first dlaphragm being approximately equal to one fifth oi the size cf the active emissive surface of said cathode.
  • a cathode ray taube comprising means including a cathode for producing a cathode ray, an intensity control electrode mounted. in front of the emissive surface of said cathode, a first apertured diaphragm, an electron optica1 preconcentrating system. adapted 1:0 produce a first focus of said. cathode ray in the aperture of said first diaphragm, said preconcentrating system consisting 0f said first diaphragm anti two further apertured diaphragms mounted between.
  • said first diaphragm and said contro1 electrode the intermediate of said three diaphragms having a smaller distance from said flrst diaphragm than from the third of sa'1d diaphrag ms and being electrically connected with said first diaphragm.
  • a cathode ray tube comprising means including a cathode for producing a. cathode ray, an intensity control electrode mounted in practice of the emissive surface of said. cathode, a f1rst apertured diaphragm, an electron optical preconcentrating system adapted 110 produce a first focus of said cathode ray in the aperture of said first diaphragm, said preconcentrating syst;em consisting of said first diaphragm and two further apertured diaphragms mounted between said first diaphragm and said. control electrode, the intermediate of said three diaphragms having a smaller distance from said first di-aphragm than from the third of said.
  • a cathode ray taube comprising means inc1uding a cathode for producing a cathode ray an intensity control electrode mounted in front than from the third of said diaphragms, the' apertures of saidi three diaphragms having clecreasing diameters in the direction from said. cathode, the size of the aperture: of said. first diaphragm being approximately equal 120 one fifth of the size of the active emissive surface of said cathode, said control electrode consisting of a fine-wire net supported. by a further diaphragm the aperture 01 which has approximately the same size as the active emissive surface of said cathode.
  • a cathode ray tube comprising means including a cathode for producing a cathode .1ay, an intensity control electrode mounted in front of the emissive surface of said cathode, a first apertured diaphragm, an electron optica1 preconcentrating system adapted to produce a. fi1st focus of said cathode ray in the aperture of said first diaphragm, said. preconcentrating system consisting cf said first diaphragm and two further apertured diaphragms mounted between said first diaphragm and said control electrode, the intermediate of said three diaphragms having a smaller distance from said first diaphragm than from the third.
  • the apertures of said. three diaphragms having diameters decreasing substantially inversely proportional to the distance of said diaphragms from said control electrocle, the size cf the aperture of said first diaphragm being approximately equa1 to one fifth o-f the size of the activa emissive surface of said cathode.
  • a cathode ray tube comprising means including' a cathode for producing a cathode ra.y an intensity control electrode mounted in front 015 the emissive surface of said cathode, a. first apertured diaphragm, an electron optica1 preconcentrating system adapted to produce a first focus of sa'1d cathode ray in the aperture of said first diaphragm, said preconcentrating system consisting of said first diaphragm and two further apertured diaphragms mounted between said first diaphragm and said control electrode, the intermediate of said.
  • said control electrode consisting' of a further -diaphragm having a central opening of approximately thesame size as the active emissive surface of said cathode, the size of the apertum of said first diaphragm being approximately equal 130 one fifoh of the size of the acoive emissive surface cf said cathode.
  • creasing diameters. in. the direction fromsa1d cabhode;.the s1'ze. of: the a.perture of saic'l first diaphragm being a;pproximately equ a1 120 one fifth0ff the size of:the. activeemissive surfacez. 0f
  • cathode;y said.first diaphra;gm being :t0rmed by a: solid; plno-pamllel metalli'c disc having a conical: recess a.t: its centre, the smallery end 0f said rec'zess being. covered.eby mthin.sheet bf platzinum havingya ce ntTal;opening.

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  • Electrodes For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
US239154A 1938-04-05 1938-11-05 Cathode ray tube Expired - Lifetime US2233299A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEL7624D DE1032419B (de) 1938-04-05 1938-04-05 Braunsche Roehre

Publications (1)

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US2233299A true US2233299A (en) 1941-02-25

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US239154A Expired - Lifetime US2233299A (en) 1938-04-05 1938-11-05 Cathode ray tube

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US (1) US2233299A (en))
CH (1) CH213806A (en))
DE (1) DE1032419B (en))
FR (1) FR852589A (en))
GB (1) GB527209A (en))
NL (1) NL56603C (en))

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2486398A (en) * 1943-05-29 1949-11-01 Sperry Corp Velocity modulation device and method
US2540621A (en) * 1948-02-19 1951-02-06 Rca Corp Electron gun structure
US2771566A (en) * 1953-01-09 1956-11-20 Itt Cathode ray electron discharge device
DE1005200B (de) * 1953-03-09 1957-03-28 Loewe Opta Ag Elektrodenvorsystem fuer Elektronenstrahlroehren, insbesondere Fernsehbildroehren
US2835838A (en) * 1953-07-18 1958-05-20 Philips Corp Cathode-ray tube
US2888605A (en) * 1955-02-23 1959-05-26 Hughes Aircraft Co Electron gun
DE1076827B (de) * 1952-05-24 1960-03-03 Telefunken Gmbh Elektronenstrahlerzeugungssystem fuer Kathodenstrahlroehren
US3141993A (en) * 1959-12-24 1964-07-21 Zeiss Jena Veb Carl Very fine beam electron gun
US3143685A (en) * 1961-07-24 1964-08-04 Multi Tron Lab Inc Character display cathode ray tube
DE2231519A1 (de) * 1971-07-02 1973-01-11 Philips Nv Fernsehkameraroehre (vidikon), in der der nachteilige effekt des rueckstrahls vermieden wird
US3753035A (en) * 1969-09-23 1973-08-14 Siemens Ag Electron-beam tube as symbol-printing tube
US3928784A (en) * 1971-07-02 1975-12-23 Philips Corp Television camera tube with control diaphragm
DE2852972A1 (de) * 1978-12-07 1980-06-12 Nikolai M Aksenov Elektronenoptisches strahlenerzeugungssystem fuer elektronenstrahlgeraete

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3304724A1 (de) * 1983-02-11 1984-08-16 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Kathodenstrahlroehre
JP4052731B2 (ja) * 1998-06-18 2008-02-27 株式会社アドバンテスト 電子銃

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2486398A (en) * 1943-05-29 1949-11-01 Sperry Corp Velocity modulation device and method
US2540621A (en) * 1948-02-19 1951-02-06 Rca Corp Electron gun structure
DE1076827B (de) * 1952-05-24 1960-03-03 Telefunken Gmbh Elektronenstrahlerzeugungssystem fuer Kathodenstrahlroehren
US2771566A (en) * 1953-01-09 1956-11-20 Itt Cathode ray electron discharge device
DE1005200B (de) * 1953-03-09 1957-03-28 Loewe Opta Ag Elektrodenvorsystem fuer Elektronenstrahlroehren, insbesondere Fernsehbildroehren
US2835838A (en) * 1953-07-18 1958-05-20 Philips Corp Cathode-ray tube
US2888605A (en) * 1955-02-23 1959-05-26 Hughes Aircraft Co Electron gun
US3141993A (en) * 1959-12-24 1964-07-21 Zeiss Jena Veb Carl Very fine beam electron gun
US3143685A (en) * 1961-07-24 1964-08-04 Multi Tron Lab Inc Character display cathode ray tube
US3753035A (en) * 1969-09-23 1973-08-14 Siemens Ag Electron-beam tube as symbol-printing tube
DE2231519A1 (de) * 1971-07-02 1973-01-11 Philips Nv Fernsehkameraroehre (vidikon), in der der nachteilige effekt des rueckstrahls vermieden wird
US3928784A (en) * 1971-07-02 1975-12-23 Philips Corp Television camera tube with control diaphragm
DE2852972A1 (de) * 1978-12-07 1980-06-12 Nikolai M Aksenov Elektronenoptisches strahlenerzeugungssystem fuer elektronenstrahlgeraete

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR852589A (fr) 1940-02-27
NL56603C (en)) 1944-07-15
GB527209A (en) 1940-10-03
DE1032419B (de) 1958-06-19
CH213806A (de) 1941-03-15

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