US2191058A - Acoustical oscillator, principally organ pipe - Google Patents
Acoustical oscillator, principally organ pipe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2191058A US2191058A US90462A US9046236A US2191058A US 2191058 A US2191058 A US 2191058A US 90462 A US90462 A US 90462A US 9046236 A US9046236 A US 9046236A US 2191058 A US2191058 A US 2191058A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- principally
- resonator
- acoustical
- organ pipe
- oscillator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10B—ORGANS, HARMONIUMS OR SIMILAR WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ASSOCIATED BLOWING APPARATUS
- G10B3/00—Details or accessories
- G10B3/08—Pipes, e.g. open pipes, reed pipes
Definitions
- the present invention refers to the class of acoustical oscillators which consists of a resonator formed principally as a tube in which standing waves can be caused by an air current flowing through a mouth-piece so as to strike the lip or tongue (labial or reed) at one end of the resonator.
- the mouth-piece has exclusively served the purpose of leading the air current to the lip or tongue of the resonator.
- This invention involves the formation of the mouthpiece in such a way that it acts as a resonator the resonance frequency of which in proportion to the resonance frequency of the real resonator is 3:2 or about 3:2.
- sounds can thus be produced of exceptional strength as compared with the amount of energy contained in and carried by the air current, and, further, of quite equisite timbre which is principally remarkable because it produces an aural impression of purity, and if several concordant sounds are produced simultaneously by means of several acoustical oscillators in accordance with the invention the different sounds are found to blend well with one another.
- the invention is chiefly of importance to organ pipes.
- the drawing indicates an example of its 5 application to a flue pipe in accordance with the invention.
- I is the resonator of the organ pipe formed principally as a tube, the length and kind (open or stopped) of which determines the pitch which 10 resonance frequency of which is 3/2? times the 20 resonance frequency of the resonator I.
- the resonator l is open, and the length of the mouth-piece must therefore be about 2/3 the length of the resonator I.
- the invention may also be applied to stopped 25 flue pipes in which case, assuming an open. and a stopped pipe of the same pitch, the length of the mouth-piece of the stopped pipe must equal the length of the mouth-piece of the open organ pipe.
- An acoustical oscillator of the type of an organ 88 pipe comprising a fundamental oscillation resonator, a mouth piece acting as an auxiliary oscillation resonator, and an oscillation producing means therebetween, the resonance frequencies of the fundamental oscillation resonator and the auxiliary oscillation resonator being substantially in the proportion of 2:3.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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Description
Feb. 20, 1940. N. P. RJJARNAK 2,191,058
ACOUSTICAL OSCILLATOR, PRINCIPALLY ORGAN PIPE Filed Jul 14. 1936 INVENTOR.
Patented Feb. 20, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ACOUSTICAL OSCILLATOR, PRINCIPALLY ORGAN PIPE Niels Poul Robert Jarnak, Hillerpd, Denmark 1 Claim.
The present invention refers to the class of acoustical oscillators which consists of a resonator formed principally as a tube in which standing waves can be caused by an air current flowing through a mouth-piece so as to strike the lip or tongue (labial or reed) at one end of the resonator.
In former acoustical oscillators of similar kind, the mouth-piece has exclusively served the purpose of leading the air current to the lip or tongue of the resonator.
This invention involves the formation of the mouthpiece in such a way that it acts as a resonator the resonance frequency of which in proportion to the resonance frequency of the real resonator is 3:2 or about 3:2. Experiments in connection with the invention have indicated that sounds can thus be produced of exceptional strength as compared with the amount of energy contained in and carried by the air current, and, further, of quite equisite timbre which is principally remarkable because it produces an aural impression of purity, and if several concordant sounds are produced simultaneously by means of several acoustical oscillators in accordance with the invention the different sounds are found to blend well with one another.
The best efiect is obtained if the proportion between the resonance frequency of the mouthpiece and that of the resonator has the above mentioned ratio 3 :2, but experiments have proved that the effect intended to be produced by the invention can also be obtained quite well, even if this proportion is somewhat above or below this value.
An entirely satisfactory theoretical explana tion of the effect obtained does not exist, but it should be noted that it is not likely that the effect is caused exclusively by the character of the overtones and combination tones caused by the addition of the chamber of resonance, the resonance frequency of which is 3/2 times the frequency of the fundamental tone.
It is rather assumed that the effect is partly caused by the special condition of movements of the air molecules which are created round the lip or tongue of the resonator.
The invention is chiefly of importance to organ pipes. The drawing indicates an example of its 5 application to a flue pipe in accordance with the invention.
I is the resonator of the organ pipe formed principally as a tube, the length and kind (open or stopped) of which determines the pitch which 10 resonance frequency of which is 3/2? times the 20 resonance frequency of the resonator I. In the form as shown, the resonator l is open, and the length of the mouth-piece must therefore be about 2/3 the length of the resonator I.
The invention may also be applied to stopped 25 flue pipes in which case, assuming an open. and a stopped pipe of the same pitch, the length of the mouth-piece of the stopped pipe must equal the length of the mouth-piece of the open organ pipe.
The same refers to the reed pipes (open or stopped) and to all other acoustical oscillators, the production of sound occurs in a similar way.
What is claimed is:
An acoustical oscillator of the type of an organ 88 pipe comprising a fundamental oscillation resonator, a mouth piece acting as an auxiliary oscillation resonator, and an oscillation producing means therebetween, the resonance frequencies of the fundamental oscillation resonator and the auxiliary oscillation resonator being substantially in the proportion of 2:3.
NIELS POUL ROBERT JARNAK.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK2191058X | 1935-07-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2191058A true US2191058A (en) | 1940-02-20 |
Family
ID=8158336
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US90462A Expired - Lifetime US2191058A (en) | 1935-07-22 | 1936-07-14 | Acoustical oscillator, principally organ pipe |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2191058A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2566599A (en) * | 1948-02-24 | 1951-09-04 | Chase Arthur James | Pipe organ |
| US3528226A (en) * | 1968-10-08 | 1970-09-15 | Wilhelm S Everett | Horizontal vapor-liquid separator |
-
1936
- 1936-07-14 US US90462A patent/US2191058A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2566599A (en) * | 1948-02-24 | 1951-09-04 | Chase Arthur James | Pipe organ |
| US3528226A (en) * | 1968-10-08 | 1970-09-15 | Wilhelm S Everett | Horizontal vapor-liquid separator |
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