US2189078A - Bending of wood - Google Patents

Bending of wood Download PDF

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Publication number
US2189078A
US2189078A US168035A US16803537A US2189078A US 2189078 A US2189078 A US 2189078A US 168035 A US168035 A US 168035A US 16803537 A US16803537 A US 16803537A US 2189078 A US2189078 A US 2189078A
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United States
Prior art keywords
panel
mold
bending
wood
panels
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US168035A
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English (en)
Inventor
Michaelis Karl
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to US173574A priority Critical patent/US2269634A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2189078A publication Critical patent/US2189078A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27H—BENDING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COOPERAGE; MAKING WHEELS FROM WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
    • B27H1/00—Bending wood stock, e.g. boards

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the bending of wood, and more particularly to novel processes and machinery for dry-bending wood panels and the like.
  • wood panels and the like including blanks of con-- siderable thickness.
  • the present invention ultilizes in a novel manner the circumstance that dry wood, when heated, is rendered temporarily compressible and in that 40 state can bemolded. According to the invention I first heat uniformly the inner side, i. e.
  • the mold may be supported for rotation by means of a crank, a. weighted lever, a spring under tension,
  • I may impart to the mold, to which the heated panel is fixed, rolling motion relative to and in contact with the panel, thereby causing the heated side of the panel to apply itself to thefcurved mold 3 surface.
  • Fig. 1 shows in a purely diagrammatic manner the pulling of a preheated panel onto and around lifted ofi the heater.
  • a stationary curved mold represented by way of example by a steel or copper cylinder.
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a modified way of carrying out the same operation.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates in a similar manner the winding up of a preheated panel on the cylindrical surface of a mold arranged for rotation about its axis.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates another manner of winding up a preheated panel for the purpose of bending it.
  • Fig. 5 is an elevation of a bending machine embodying the principle of operation illustrated in Fig. 3, and
  • Fig. 6 is'a similar view of another bending machine embodying the principle of operation lllustratedin Fig. 4, while Fig. 6a illustrates'the machine of Fig. 6, however, with the parts shown in their end positions.
  • Fig. 7 is a partial end view of the machine, shown in Fig. 6, partly in section, and
  • Fig. 8 illustrates a detail
  • l is a support for a mold cylinder 2 arranged for.being heated in any suitable manner, for instance by means of electrical resistance wires or the like 2a.
  • the uprights further support a preheating device, represented in the drawings by an electrical heating plate 3.
  • Rollers 4 extending across the heater 3 and spaced from its surface about the thickness of the panel to be bent serve to prevent the sheet, shown at 5, from being 6 is a gripper which is here shown in a conventional manner as gripping the edge portion of the panel; I is a chain fixed to the gripper and extending around part of the mold and 8 is a spring placed under tension by means of a pedal lever 9 and exerting on the gripper and the panel a pull .suflicing to force it into contact with the hot mold surface as soon as it is heated up to the extent of being prepared for bending.
  • the panel of wood will be pulled around the mold and into contact with its surface and, in trying to follow the descending chain, will be curved at right angles to the horizontal part of the panel, the radius of curvaturebeing determined by the radius of the mold.
  • the curved portion of the panel will substantially retain its curvature.
  • panels of a certain thickness a tendency, prevailing only as long as the panel is warm, of expanding again. can be counteracted by mounting the curved panels in suitablecages until they have cooled down, or by bending. them somewhat farther than required.
  • a spring of some sort may be carried or wound around the mold cylinder by an arm rotated by a motor.
  • a motor rotated by a motor.
  • 98 is the gripper arm fixed to a gear wheel Ill mounted on the mold axle at H and meshing with a pinion I2 secured on the shaft of an electromotor l3, which drives the wheel l0 and arm 98 and causes the panel to be pulled off the heater plate and around the mold.
  • trates a particularly eilicient manner of bending panels, in which the mold is arranged for rotatign about its axis, thus avoiding all friction between the panel and the mold and using the mold itself as a means for pulling and winding up the preheated Panel.
  • Fig. 3 the mold I4 is mounted for rotation about its axis and an arm I5 carrying a weight I I6 is fixed torits axle I1 and at I 8 to the mold cylinder proper.
  • l9 represents a resistance heating the mold and 20 is some sort of gripping means fixed to the cirthe mold will be insuificient to overcome the resistance offered by the wood, as long as the panel 2! is cold or not preheated to the extent of being pliable.
  • 26 is a gear keyed on the mold axle 21
  • 28 is a larger gear meshing with gear 26 and mounted to turn on an axle 29 in the standards.
  • 30 is the weighted lever arm keyed on the axle 29,31 is an auxiliary arm carrying a counterweight 32 and pivoted to the arm 30 near its pivot point.
  • v33 is the gripper fixed to the mold cylinder
  • the winding up of 'the panel of wood on a rotatory curved molding surface can also be effected in the manner illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 4.
  • the heater is shifted relative to the panel, the plane part of which remains stationary, and the mold is arranged to roll relative to and to wind up the preheated part of the panel.
  • the coacting parts I am enabled to wind up and bend both ends of a panel simultaneously, either in the same or in opposite directions.
  • and 42 are two shap ing cylinders, one placed above, the other below thepanel indicated at ill. 43 and 44 are heating plates arranged in contact with the panel in front of the cylinders 4
  • the heaters are pivoted, by means of. links indicated at 45 and 46, respectively, to the axles 41 and 48, respectively, of their cylinders.
  • the cylinders if forced to roll relative to and in contact with the sheet, for instance by springs 99 gripping the cylinders, will wind it up and bend it as illustrated in dottedlines, the heaters being shifted relative to the panel as the cylinders go through their rolling movement.
  • This mode of operation is followed in thebending machine shown in Figs. 6-8, in which the two ends of a panel are bent'simultaneously in opposite directions at about right angles to the middle portion of the panel. Weighted levers are again resorted to for supplying the bending force.
  • is the machine structure and 52, 53 are horizontal guideways formed thereon at different levels.
  • 54, 55 are slide pieces forming bearings supporting the axial journals 56 and 51 oftwo semi-cylindrical shaping molds 58 and 59, respectively, which may be heated in any suitable manner.
  • Arms 60, BI, carrying weights 62, are fixed on the mold journals, preferably one on eitherside of each mold. Between the mold ends and the slide pieces are keyed on the mold journals toothed wheels 53, 64 which mesh with racks 65, 66, respectively, secured on the structure 5
  • the aforementioned gear arrangement gives rise to a controlled longitudinal displacement of the molds; for example, as shown in Fig. 6, the molds 58 and 59 are caused to move in a. direction toward each other. 51, 58 are the preheating plates carrying arms 69, 19, by means of which they are pivotally secured to the mold journals.
  • the heater 6'! rests on the panel to be bent, while the heater 68 is supported for sliding motion on the structure by means of laterally projecting pins. 95. g
  • the gripping device for holding the panel down on the mold 59 is shown in Fig.1 '7 as comprising to be bent is fixed to the two molds by means of the gripping devices 12, 11, by inserting the panel between the mold and the presser bar cooperating therewith, and actuatingith'e correlated eccentric so as to force the presser bar onto the panel to clamp the same firmly on the mold, and on the panel being preheated to bending temperature, the weighted levers will overcome its resistance to bending and will begin to move in the direction of the arrows, rotating the molds which, when so rotated, are forced by the toothed wheel and rack gearings to roll relative to the sheet, their axles sliding, with their bearings 54, 55, in the horizontal guideways, in the direction toward each other, so as to reduce the distance between the molds as required by the winding-up operation thereof.
  • the shifting of panels from one auxiliary preheating device to the adjacent one which is situated more closely to the main heating and bending station, or the shifting of panels to such station, as well as the supply of panels to that auxiliary preheating device which is most remote with respect to such main station may be carried out manually or by any well known mechanical means. In this manner the rate of ing of a plurality of panels may of course be dispensed with.
  • the panels can also be wound up through more than 360 to form double-walled cylinders.
  • dry-bending is intended to refer to the bending of inwardly dry panels, as distinguished from the bending of panels which have been rendered pliable by thorough impregnation with moisture, e. g. b boiling and/or steaming; and the term wood panels is intended to include all kinds of blanks, such as boards, strips and the like, composed of wood fibres, including composite materials of wood and a binder, such as plywood.
  • a device for dry-bending wood panels and the like comprising in combination, a fiat-surface heater for heatingone surface of part of a panel, a curved mold closely adjoining said heater, and means for bending the heated surface of the panel part into contact with said mold, said surface to become the concave surface of the bent part.
  • a device for dry-bending wood panels and the like comprising in combination, a-flat-sunface heater for heating one surface of part of a panel, a curved mold closelyadjoining said heater and means for pulling the panel part-sf heated by said heater away .from said heater and around said mold with the heated surface fi becoming the concave surface of the bent part.
  • a device for dry-bending wood panels and 7. A device for dry-bending wood panels and i the like, comprising in combination, a curved mold supported for rotation, a flat-surface heater for heating one surface of part of a panel, said KARL I"

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
US168035A 1936-11-14 1937-10-08 Bending of wood Expired - Lifetime US2189078A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US173574A US2269634A (en) 1936-11-14 1937-11-09 Molding sheets of wood

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE829282X 1936-11-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2189078A true US2189078A (en) 1940-02-06

Family

ID=6748509

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US168035A Expired - Lifetime US2189078A (en) 1936-11-14 1937-10-08 Bending of wood

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US2189078A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE424603A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH204573A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE904460C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR829282A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB493401A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL47176C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2551383A (en) * 1944-11-02 1951-05-01 Michaelis Karl Wood bending machinery
US2648370A (en) * 1950-03-18 1953-08-11 North American Aviation Inc Method and apparatus for progressive forming of c-stage plastic material
CN114211581A (zh) * 2021-11-09 2022-03-22 沙维特家私(宁波)有限公司 用于家具木材加工的多挠度弯曲定型装置及其弯曲方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1227223B (de) * 1958-05-02 1966-10-20 Daimler Benz Ag Biegemaschine fuer Holzstaebe, insbesondere fuer Fensterleisten von Kraftfahrzeugen
DE1177331B (de) * 1960-04-13 1964-09-03 Rudolf Buchner Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Moebeln, insbesondere von Tonmoebelgehaeusen

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2551383A (en) * 1944-11-02 1951-05-01 Michaelis Karl Wood bending machinery
US2648370A (en) * 1950-03-18 1953-08-11 North American Aviation Inc Method and apparatus for progressive forming of c-stage plastic material
CN114211581A (zh) * 2021-11-09 2022-03-22 沙维特家私(宁波)有限公司 用于家具木材加工的多挠度弯曲定型装置及其弯曲方法
CN114211581B (zh) * 2021-11-09 2024-02-09 沙维特家私(宁波)有限公司 用于家具木材加工的多挠度弯曲定型装置及其弯曲方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL47176C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE424603A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR829282A (fr) 1938-06-17
GB493401A (en) 1938-10-07
DE904460C (de) 1954-02-18
CH204573A (de) 1939-05-15

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