US2148000A - X-ray tube - Google Patents

X-ray tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US2148000A
US2148000A US91237A US9123736A US2148000A US 2148000 A US2148000 A US 2148000A US 91237 A US91237 A US 91237A US 9123736 A US9123736 A US 9123736A US 2148000 A US2148000 A US 2148000A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
metal
cable
conductor
envelope
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US91237A
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English (en)
Inventor
Verhoeff Adrianus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV filed Critical Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2148000A publication Critical patent/US2148000A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/32—Tubes wherein the X-rays are produced at or near the end of the tube or a part thereof which tube or part has a small cross-section to facilitate introduction into a small hole or cavity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1001—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy using radiation sources introduced into or applied onto the body; brachytherapy

Definitions

  • My invention relates to X-ray tubes and more particularly to X-ray tubes for treating cavities or for contact therapy.
  • X ⁇ ray tubes used for the above purposes must structions, however, have the drawback that the terminal piece increases the diameter of the asl5 sembly, and greatly impedes the introduction of the tube into the cavities to be irradiated.
  • the terminal piece increases the diameter of the asl5 sembly, and greatly impedes the introduction of the tube into the cavities to be irradiated.
  • a ⁇ large amount of the heat developed in the anode is transmitted toward the cable end of the tube, and deleteriously affects the insulating material of the cable.
  • @ne object of my invention is to provide an X-ray device comprising Yan X-ray tube and a supply cable which are mechanicallyand electrically connected without the use of additional insulating terminal pieces.
  • a further object of my invention is to provide an X-ray device in which the outer ⁇ suriace of the X-ray tube forms a continuation of the suriace'of the supply cable.
  • I provide a high-tension supply cable at one end with a c avity into which one end of an X-ray tube snugly fits, and mechanically and electrically connect the tube and cable without the use of additional insulating terminal members.
  • I surround the metal cylinder and the adjacent portion of be comparatively small, and it is exceedingly dif- (Cl. 25o- 142) serves to ground the metal cylinder by connecting same to a grounded -layer provided on the cable.
  • I For electrically connecting the conductor of the cable to the high-tension electrode of the X-ray tube, as well as for mechanically securing 5 the tube to the cable, I provide on the end of the glass portion extending into the cable a metal supporting member carrying the high-tension electrode, and cooperating with a contact member permanently secured to the conductor of the 10 cable.
  • This metal member may also serve for 'exhausting the X--ray tube and may be closed after exhaustion with a glass press which is protected by the cable.
  • a thermal insulator such as a glass tube which oi 20 course must be shunted, -for instance by a conductive coating, in vorder to allow passage 4oi? curl rent to the anode.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of an X-ray'tube device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 isa sectional View of an X-ray tube ac- 30 cording to the invention. y 4
  • the X-ray tube shown in Fig. 1 has an evacuated envelope comprising a cylindrical metal portion I and a tapering or funnel-shaped glass portion 2 sealed together at 3. Closing the upper 35 end of cylinder I and sealed thereto atl is a glass window 5 for the exit of the X-rays. Sealed at 30 to the lower end oi the glass portion 2 and extending downwardly into a tapering portion 2 I,l
  • a metal tube 6 to 40 the upper end of zwhich is sealed a glass tube 9.
  • a metal tube '8 provided with an aperture 24.
  • the lower end of thetube 8 is provided withl a glass tip 23 whereby
  • the Xray tube is provided with a cylindrical shaped anode, 1, which may be of tungsten, supported from the metal tube 8 by a metal member I2 having an enlarged lower end II, which closes50 the end of tube 8.
  • the member I2 and the glass tube 9 serve to reduce the amount of heat transmitted from the anode l to the end of the tube.
  • the member I2 is provided with a disc I3, for in stance of tungsten, which serves to prevent unl5 desirable rearward radiation of heat and thereby protects the seal 3 from being overheated by radiation from the anode. It also absorbs X-rays emanating in rearward direction.
  • a thin metal coating III is provided over the surface of the glass tube 9 and is connected to the tubes 6 and 8.
  • the coating I0 may also serve vas a protective resistance.
  • anode 1 Above the anode 1 is a V-shaped cathode lament
  • the support I5 is insulatingly secured to the metal tube I whereas the supports 3
  • may be electricallyconnected to the metal cylinder I, in which case the tube is operated with a grounded cathode. However, there may also be a small potential difference in which case both of the leads 3
  • High-tension current issupplied to the X-ray tube through a high-tension cable having a hollow flexible conductor I6, for example of Wire netting, within which is a core 26 of insulating material, for instance rubber.
  • a hollow flexible conductor I6 for example of Wire netting
  • insulating material for instance rubber.
  • Surrounding the conductor I6 is an insulating body I1, for instance of rubber, whose end is provided with a cavity snugly iitting the funnel-shaped glass portion 2.
  • An outer metal tube I8 surrounds the X-ray tube and a portion of the cable and thereby provides suiilcient rigidity to ,prevent damaging of 'Ihere is also a small space'between the tubes I and I8 so that the wires 32 connected to the leads 3
  • tube I8 Secured to the lower end of tube I8 is a metal connecting piece I9 electrically connecting tube I 6 to a grounded layer 20 of Wire netting covering the cable.
  • 'I'he tube I8 is centered in the cylinder I by means of a plurality of elastic members, for example three in number, one of which is shown at 33, these members being secured to tube
  • the electrical connection between the anode 1 and the conductor I6 is effected by means 'of a metal cylindrical member 25 detachably secured,
  • the core 26 is bored and is expanded, for instance by a'central wedge shown as a wood screw 21, against the inner wall of the metal tube I6. In this manner the lower end of member 25 is brought into good electrical contact with the upper end ofconductor I6 and 'is also ,securely iixed so that it will not become loosened upon removal of the X-ray tube.
  • the assembly or the X-ray tube and cable has no radially-projecting parts and that the high-tension parts are not in contact with the open air. Due to this, the tube may be readily introduced into cavities of the body without the danger of electrical shocks; the device thus being particularly adapted for shortdistance treatment. Furthermore, it should be noted that the enclosed air space lying between the exhaust connection 23 and the screw 21 will cause no disturbing effect, as it is surrounded by the metal portion 25 which is under tension and therefore an electric iield cannot occur in this space. In order to avoid air pockets between the glass wall 2 and the rubber body I1, I apply a little insulating uid, such as ricinus oil to the outer surface of the glass portion 2 before putting it into the cable.
  • I apply a little insulating uid, such as ricinus oil to the outer surface of the glass portion 2 before putting it into the cable.
  • a handle 29 is secured to connecting part I9 or it may be secured to the metal tube
  • Fig. 2 shows a portion of an X-ray tube which is similar to that shown in Fig. 1 with the exception that the glass member 9 and metal member 6 are omitted and the bottom portion of the envelope is formed as a usual reentrant portion 42.
  • a metal cylinder 48 whose upper end is closed by the projecting portion
  • a metal tube 44 serves for'the electrical connection of tube 48 with the conductor
  • the upper end of tube 44 has a slightly enlarged diameter and is formed as a spring contact by means of slits 46, so that it bears on the inner wall of tube 48.
  • the member I2 serves to reduce the amount of heat transferred to the lower portion of the tube and for this purpose is made of an electrically-conductive material of low heat conductivity, for instance chrome-iron, and/or is given a small cross-sectional area and made hollow.
  • a disc I3 of X-ray absorbing material servesl to prevent undesired radiation of X-rays.
  • 1 and between the reentrant glass por-tion and the tube 44 is iled up with an insulating ,substance, such as the material known under the name De Kothinsky cement.
  • An X-ray device comprising an X-ray tube havingl an envelope and electrodes, a exible high-tension supply cable having a conductor, and resilient high-tension insulation provided at one-,end with a cavity, a portion of said envelope snugly fitting into said cavity and being embraced by said insulation without radial intermediate spaces, the portion of the insulation receiving the envelope having substantially the -same outside diameter as the insulation covering the conductor, and means within said cavity for electrically and mechanically connecting said tube and cable.
  • An X-ray device comprising an X-ray tube having an envelope and electrodes, a high-tension supply cable having a conductor and highy tension insulation, said insulation being provided at one end with a cavity, a portion of said envelope snugly tting into said cavity without radial intermediate spaces, the portion of the tube envelope extending from the cable being substantially cylindrical and of substantially the same outside diameter as the insulation of the cable, and means Within the cavity for electrically and mechanically interconnecting 'said tube and cable.
  • An X-ray device comprising'an X-raytube having an envelope and electrodes, said envelope having a cylindrical metal portion and a portion of insulating material, a high-tension cable having a conductor and high-tension insulation, said insulation being provided at one end with a cavity, said insulating portion snugly fitting into said cavity Without radial intermediate spaces, means within said cavity for electrically and mechanically interconnecting said tube and cable, and a metal member closely surrounding said metal portion and the adjacent portion of the cable.
  • An X-ray device comprising an X-ray tube having an envelope and electrodes, said envelope having a tapering portion of insulating material, and a cylindrical metal portion surrounding one of -said electrodes, a metal member secured to said insulating portion and supporting the electrode surrounded by said metal portion, a highytension cable having a conductor and high-tension insulation and provided at one end with a cavity, said tapering portion snugly tting into said cavity, and means including said metal member electrically and mechanically interconnecting said tube and cable.
  • AnX-ray device comprising an X-ray tube having an envelope and electrodes, said envelope having a funnel-shaped portion of insulating material and a cylindrical metal portion surroundingone of said electrodes, a metal tube secured to said funnel-shaped portion and supporting the electrode surrounded by said metal portion, a high-tension cable having aconductor and high-tension insulation and provided at one end with a cavity, said funnel-shaped portion snugly fitting said cavity, means including said metal tube for electrically and mechanicallyinterconnecting said X-ray tube and cable, and a vitreous pump-connecting member closing the end of the metal tube.
  • An X-ray device comprising an X-ray tube having an envelope and electrodes, said envelope havingl a tapering portion of insulating material and a cylindrical metal portion surrounding one of said electrodes, a metal tube secured to said tapering portion and supporting the electrode surrounded by said metal portion, a high-tension cable having a conductor and high-tension insulation and provided at one end with a cavity, said tapering portion snugly fitting into said cavity, and means including said metal tube electically connecting said ⁇ conductor tothe electrode surrounded by said metal portion, said .means comprising a metal connecting member mounted at the bottom of the cavity and permanently secured to the conductor of the cable.
  • An X-ray device comprising an X-ray tube having an envelope and electrodes, said envelopehaving a tapering portion of insulating material and a cylindrical metal portion surrounding one of said electrodes, a metal tube secured to said tapering portion and supporting the electrode surrounded by said metal portion, a high-tension cable having a hollow flexible conductor, hightension insulation, and a core of flexible insulating material Within said conductor, said cable being provided at one end with a cavity, said taperingportion snugly tting into said cavity, and means including said metal tube for connecting said conductor to the electrode surround- .ed by said metal portion, said means comprising a metal connecting member extending between said core and conductor, and means to expand the core against said member to secure same to the cable and to electrically connect same to the conductor in a permanent manner.
  • An X-ray device comprising an X-ray tube having an envelope, an anode and a cathode, said envelope having a tapering vitreous portion and a metal cylinder surrounding said anode, means to support said anode comprising a metal tube sealed to said vitreous portion and a connecting member of low thermal conductivity, a high-tension cable having a conductor andy high-tension insulation and provided at one end with a cavity, said vitreous portion snugly iitting into said cavity, and means including said metal tube and connecting member for electrically connecting the anode to the conductor and comprising a metal member permanently secured to said conductor and detachably secured to said metal tube.
  • An X-ray device comprising an X-ray tube having an envelope, an anode and a cathode, said envelope having a tapering vitreous portion and a metal cylinder surrounding said anode,
  • means to support said anode comprising a metal A tube sealed to saidrvitreous portion and a glass tube interrupting said metal tube and sealed thereto, an electric shunt across said glass tube,
  • a high-tension cable having a. conductor and hightension insulation and provided at one end with a cavity, saidy vitreous portion snugly fitting into said cavity, and means including said metal tube and connecting member for electrically connecting the anode to the conductor and comprising a metal member permanently secured to said conductor and detachably secured to said metal tube.
  • An X-ray device comprising an X-ray tube having an envelope, an anode and a cathode, said envelope having a tapering vitreous portion and a metal cylinder surrounding said anode, means to support said anode comprising a metal tube sealed to said yvitreous portion, and a glass tube interrupting said metal tube and sealed thereto, and a resistance in memori's With the anode and supported by said glass tube, a high-tension cable lhaving a conductor and high-tension insulation andprovided at one end with a cavity, said vitreous portion snugly fitting into said cavity, and means including said metal tube and connecting member for electrically connecting the anode to the conductor and comprising a metal member permanently secured to said conductor and detachably secured to said metal tube.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
US91237A 1935-08-13 1936-07-17 X-ray tube Expired - Lifetime US2148000A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEN38494D DE677755C (de) 1935-08-13 1935-08-13 Zur Bestrahlung von Koerperhoehlen geeignete Roentgeneinrichtung, die eine einseitig geerdete Roentgenroehre und einen als Hochspannungskabel ausgefuehrten biegsamen Stromleiter enthaelt

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2148000A true US2148000A (en) 1939-02-21

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US91237A Expired - Lifetime US2148000A (en) 1935-08-13 1936-07-17 X-ray tube

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2148000A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT150769B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE677755C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR809328A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB457750A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL47008C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2885582A (en) * 1956-04-03 1959-05-05 Gen Electric X-ray tube
US2909664A (en) * 1955-12-12 1959-10-20 Gen Electric X-ray apparatus
US3124710A (en) * 1960-03-17 1964-03-10 X-ray tubes
US4322653A (en) * 1978-12-23 1982-03-30 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-G.M.B.H. Apparatus including an X-ray tube with shielding electrodes
EP1930936A4 (en) * 2005-08-29 2010-09-29 Toshiba Kk X-RAY TUBE

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE954365C (de) * 1951-09-09 1956-12-13 Mueller C H F Ag Bestrahlungstubus fuer Roentgentherapie

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2909664A (en) * 1955-12-12 1959-10-20 Gen Electric X-ray apparatus
US2885582A (en) * 1956-04-03 1959-05-05 Gen Electric X-ray tube
US3124710A (en) * 1960-03-17 1964-03-10 X-ray tubes
US4322653A (en) * 1978-12-23 1982-03-30 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-G.M.B.H. Apparatus including an X-ray tube with shielding electrodes
EP1930936A4 (en) * 2005-08-29 2010-09-29 Toshiba Kk X-RAY TUBE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE677755C (de) 1939-07-01
FR809328A (fr) 1937-03-01
NL47008C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT150769B (de) 1937-09-25
GB457750A (en) 1936-12-04

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