US2145735A - Short wave radio transmitter - Google Patents

Short wave radio transmitter Download PDF

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Publication number
US2145735A
US2145735A US61377A US6137736A US2145735A US 2145735 A US2145735 A US 2145735A US 61377 A US61377 A US 61377A US 6137736 A US6137736 A US 6137736A US 2145735 A US2145735 A US 2145735A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
anode
cathode
discharge device
pole pieces
conductor
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US61377A
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English (en)
Inventor
Chester W Rice
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US61377A priority Critical patent/US2145735A/en
Priority to GB2696/37A priority patent/GB491444A/en
Priority to DEI56991D priority patent/DE748785C/de
Priority to FR816986D priority patent/FR816986A/fr
Priority to BE419737D priority patent/BE419737A/xx
Priority to US215794A priority patent/US2232559A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2145735A publication Critical patent/US2145735A/en
Priority to FR50960D priority patent/FR50960E/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/50—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/52—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field with an electron space having a shape that does not prevent any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode

Definitions

  • My/invention relates to short Wave radio transinitters and ⁇ more particularly to those of the x electronic roscillator typein which the electron 'transit time governs thefperiod of oscillation.
  • a further object of my invention is to provide an improved means for modulating oscillations.
  • lA still further object of my invention is to provide an improved means for mounting and cooling electron discharge devices.
  • Fig. 1 is an elevation partly in cross section of one embodiment of my invention.
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross sectional View of a portion of the transmitter which includes the modulating coil and the flux control ring.
  • Fig. 3 isan enlarged cross-sectional View of the magnetron of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a tuning collar used in connection with V'the radiating member'of Fig. l.
  • Fig. ⁇ 5 is an elevation partly in cross section of amodified ,form of my invention.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates in greater detail my improved method of'oooling electron discharge devices.
  • 'Fig. 7 is an elevation' partly y'in cross-section of'another embodiment of my v inventionk wherein electro-magnets are used to produce the necessary axial magnetic eld for magnetron operation.
  • a transmitter embodying my invention which includes a permanent magnet l and an electron discharge device 2.
  • Discharge device 2 ishoused almost entirely within axial apertures 3 and 4 of the two truncated conical pole pieces and 6 which are secured to the ends of permanent magnet I.
  • the discharge device is preferably of cylindrical form having a cylindrical metal anode 1, the opposite ends of which are supported in the respective apertures 3 and 4 of the pole pieces.
  • the apertures themselves have an irregular Vcontour as may be seen from the drawings. These irregular contours provide suitable shoulders for mounting electron discharge device 2 as will hereinafter be pointed out.
  • anode 1 is provided with a ring or collar 8 withy closely ts against the inner surface of aperture 4 and which is held in position by the inner end of1 a split brass housing 9.
  • Housing 9 is suitably form fitted within the aperture and is provided witha screw threaded follower 9' at the outer end which cooperates with corresponding threads in the pole piece whereby upon rotation of the follower 9 the inner end of the housing 9 is pressed firmly against the collar 3 which in turn engages a shoulder of aperture 4. If water cooling be employed a'suitable gasket may be provided between the collar 8 and the shoulder I as presently will be described.
  • VA second ring or collar I2 having a diameter less than the smallest diameter ofthe apertures 4 and 5 is provided .on the opposite end of anode 1.
  • Collar I2 is made with a smaller diameter than collar 8 in order that the electron discharge device may be readily inserted or removed from the pole pieces.
  • the second advantage of providing the electron discharge device with a smaller collar at one end is that this ⁇ 'permits unrestrained expansion and contraction of the electron discharge device within one of its mountings. It will be noted from the drawings that inner end of brass housing I3 slides over the top of, collar l2. If water cooling be employed, a second gasket I4 is also provided at this end of the discharge device but in this case the gasket is placed around the collar rather than in front of it. As brass housing I3 is forced against gasket I4 by follower I3' the gasket expands in a radial direction and a fluid tight seal is formed thereby.
  • a non-magnetic spool I5 having a center aperture of the same diameter as that of aperture 3 and 4 snugly fits the conical ends of pole pieces 5 and 6.
  • Spool I5 hasvthe dual function of provlding a suitable mounting for a magnetic modulating coil. and a flux control ring which will hereinafter be described and of providing a jacket about anode 1 which cooperates with pole .pieces 5 and 6 to form a water jacket for the elec- ,outlet conduit I1 to this space and by circulating water therethrough a convenient type water Vjacket is formed.
  • yThe cathode of electron discharge device 2 extends axially thereof and is a continuation of conductor I9 which forms the central conductor of a concentric transmission line I8 the outer conductor of which comprises a hollow tube 20.
  • of conductor I9 constitutes the radiating member of the transmitting system. This exposed portion 2
  • yConductor I9 is terminated for radio frequencies by a tuning disk 22u which slides on conductor I9, the electrical significance of which will hereinafter be more fully explained.
  • Disk 22 is movedback and forth along conductor I9 until maximum output is obtained. Theoretically this places disk 22 atan odd multiple of a quarter wave length from the center of the cathode of discharge device 2.
  • the antenna length may be held constant when tuning by means of disk 22 by proper adjustment of a slide tube 23 which nts within the outer tube 20 andwhich may be coupled mechanically to disk 22 ,by suitable insulation.l
  • disk 22 and tube 23 may be Vattached to non-conducting member 23.
  • tuning may be eiiected without varyingl the length of the antenna.
  • either of these members may, however, be adjustably connected tor unidirectional characteristics.
  • a metal collar 24 (Fig. 4) is secured tothe end of the slide tube 23 to render the radiation field Y pattern of the antenna more symmetrical.
  • the outer iiange 25 of collar 24 has the same diameter as tuning disk 22for symmetry.
  • An inner constrictionV 25Vis provided to reduce the radiation which would otherwise come out the end of the tube 23. Hence constriction 25 further improves the symmetry of the radiation pattern.
  • a thin mica washer 26 which closely fits the antenna wire and is clamped between collar k24 and tube 23 serves to center and support the antenna wire. f
  • a small circular, plane reilector 21 is placed in front of exposed portion 2
  • Yis placed at approximately the optical focus' of a large parabolic mirror 29 (such for example as a metal mirror of the 'type commonly employed Lfor airport ybeacons having a 24" diameter and a'101/2" focallength).
  • the metal frame 28 which carries reflector 21 ⁇ is in the cathode circuit of the generator and regulation Vof the potential applied across the cathode.
  • the complete cathode heating circuit extends from the high side of source 3U through resistor 3
  • Ahigh potential (for'exampie, 4000 volts) is applied to the anode of discharge device 2.
  • a modulator of this type is indicated conventionally by rectangle 31.
  • the complete anode circuit extends from the high side source 36 through conductor 38, anode modulator 31, conductor 39, pole piece 6, the anode of discharge device 2, the cathode of discharge device 2, conductor I9, and thence through the cathode circuit previously traced to groundland to the negative side of source 36.
  • the filament swing type of circuit which Il have devisedipermits the use of a massive anode, a feature 'which is necessary'if a large amount of poweris'to be dissipated.
  • the anode or anodes In the ..seesaW type f circuit, the anode or anodes must be keptfreladissipate power.
  • the .frequency ofoscillations generated in the I magnetron of my invention is primarily a func- 4 ⁇ of the transmitter may be regulatedQ tion 'of the magnetic field intensity. Hence, it is vdesirable to provide a means for controlling the field intensity in orderthat the output frequency embodiment of my invention shown in Fig. l, I have provided a variable magnetic shunt comprisingtwo ,soft iron plates 4U'and 4
  • a control shaft 42 is provided with a Aset'of right-hand screw'threads and a set of left-hand screw threads, which threads cooperate with corresponding threads in plates 40 and 4
  • the power output of the ⁇ transmitter of my invention is extremely sensi- ⁇ tive to the distribution of magnetic flux lines in the YAYair gap. It will be observed that the pole pieces are shaped to concentrate the flux within thedischarge device. That,is,by reason of their receding faces, an efficient concentration of flux k density is produced fromrpole to pole through rthe-discharge device'. While it will -be understood , that the pole pieces may have any suitable shape to effect this concentration of flux, the conical pole pieces described have been found to operate satisfactorily.
  • the power output may be increased many fold, and sometimes as y .Since the oscillation'amplitude'of the transmitter. appears to be extremely'sensitive to the distribution of flux lines in the air gap, modula- 'tion of the electronic oscillations may be obn tained by superimposing a small magnetic field upon the main magnetic field, and by causing the lsmall field to vary at modulating frequency. .Suchfa small magnetic field may be obtained by Y' mounting a small coil45 in the air gap between Affpole pieces 5 andr 6 and by applying thereto an yalternating current having the frequency with ⁇ v ⁇ ;s'1hi ch-itis desired to modulate the short wave oscillations.
  • a source'vof such alternating cur- Hrent is',conventionallylindicated by a rectangle y @46.
  • YThe preferred location kof flux control ring .44 and modulating coil 45 may be better seen by referring to Fig. v2 whereinI have shown an In the Y enlarged section of this portion of the transmitten v 'I'he electron discharge device 2 is illustrated in detail in Fig. 3 and includes an axial cathode 41, a long concentric cylindrical anode 1, a pair of end envelopes 48 and 49 and a cathode tensioning spring 5S. Cathode 4 ⁇
  • Spring 50 is connected between conductor 5
  • Anode 'I is built considerably longer than cathode 4l in order that substantially all of the electrons emitted from the cathode will eventually be collected on the anode 1. It should be noted that because the electron discharge device 2 is Vmounted with its opposite ends in axial apertures of theA pole pieces and that since a portion of the anode 'l is also located within these axial apertures, that the electrons in this region will pass rapidly to the anode for the reason that the magnetic field is lgreatly reduced Within the apertures of the pole pieces. The combined effect of the long anode and the released magnetic field at the ends prevents electron puncture trouble at the ends of the discharge device.
  • pole pieces 5 and 6 Where a uniform straight magnetic field, such as may be obtained by widely separating the pole pieces 5 and 6, is used for magnetron operation, it has been proposed to rotate the magnetron from 5 to 10 degrees with respect to the direction of the magnetic field in order to increase the output. I'have found that this is not generally necessary .where a slightly non-uniform magnetic field is provided.
  • the special construction of pole pieces 5 and 6 having receding faces and provided with apertures for housing the ends of the electron discharge device produce the desired concentration of flux density in the air gap and give it the desired slightly non-uniform character and in addition provide the desirable weak field within the axial apertures for electron release to the anode. y
  • a metal disk 54 is mounted on conductor 5
  • caused by the presence of disk 54 produces the desired refiection.
  • tuning disk 54 causes greatest oscillation amplitude when located at a point slightly to one side or the other of the calculated odd multiple of a quarter wave length from the centerof the cathode, depending upon the physical dimensions of the particular discharge devise used.
  • Disk 22 on conductor I9 functions as an electrical tuningelement in the same manner as disk 54. Provision, however, is made for sliding disk 22 along conductor I9 until maximum output is obtained for any particular oscillation frequency generated in discharge device 2. Presumably, maximum output occurs when the disk, which produces an approximate potential node on the conductor, is located at an odd multiple of a quarter wave length from the center of cathode 4l.
  • the operation of my transmitter is as follows: Cathode 41 is heated to the required temperature by source 39 and anode 'I is raised to the proper high potential by source 36. The intensity of the magnetic field about discharge device 2 is then adjusted by the magnetic shunt 40-4I until a wave length is obtained at which the transmitter operates with good output. As previously indicated, optirna of output occur at a number of different frequencies which are best found by trial. Tuning disk 22 has to be adjusted along conductor I 9 until maximum power output is obtained.
  • either modulator 37 or modulator 46 may be placed into operation.
  • Application of an alternating current having a frequency of the desired modulating signal to modulating coil 45 causes a variation of the flux distribution in the air gap between pole pieces 5 and 6 at the modulating frequency. This causes an amplitude modulation of the generatedl oscillations.
  • Variation of the magnitude of the high voltage applied to anode 'I at the modulating frequency also causes an amplitude modulation of the electronic oscillations since a variation of anode potential also varies the output of the discharge device.
  • both modulators may be used together.
  • FIG. 5 A modified form of my invention is shown in Figs. 5 and 6.
  • a different method of cooling the magnetron is employed, a slightly modified method of electrical tuning is adopted, and provision is made for rotating the electron discharge device from 5 to 10 degrees with respect to the magnetic eld.
  • Fig. 6 it will be seen that an electron discharge device having an anode 'I is supported by a pair of metal jaws 60 and 6I. These metal jaws may be placed between the pole pieces and at right angles thereto to'support the discharge device within the apertures of the pole pieces.
  • Jaws 6U and 6I form ay convenient method of support which readily permits an angular shift of the discharge device with respect to the magnetic field, that is, to a position out of parallelism with the axis of the magnetic field. These jaws also provide an extremely simple method of conducting heat away from anode 'I.
  • provides a passage for the cooling fluid received through inlet pipe 64 and discharged through outlet pipe 65.r
  • a short flexible U-shaped pipe 66 connects aperture 62 with aperture 63.
  • cooling tubes 54 and 6G are shown herein arranged in a plane between the pole pieces and at right angles thereto, which plane includes the jaws 6i? and 5I.
  • Tuning member Si may be located at the same place that tuning disk 54 of Fig. 1 is located or it may be placed nearer'the cathode il and within the metal anode 'I.
  • Tuning disk 61 is shown as being exterior to envelope 49.
  • Tuning members @l and G'I' are so placed as to reflect energy back in the direction of the transmission line and thereby reduce back-end losses. Any stray energy which gets by tuning member B'I is substantially stopped by tuning member 6l.
  • a shield 98 extends from tuning disk 6l' back over a portion of anode 'I further to prevent loss of energy from this portion of the apparatus.
  • Pole pieces E9 and 'I9 are provided with apertures 'II and 'l2 which preferably are of conical shape in the place of the form tting apertures of pole pieces 5 and 6 of Fig. l. These conical apertures 'II and 'I2 permit an angular rotation of 5 to 10 degrees of the magnetron with respect to the magnetic eld.
  • the anode should extend beyond the eifective electron emitting portion of the cathode at each end by at least the radius of the anode times the cotangent of the angle of tip, that is, the angle between the axis of the discharge device and that of the magnetic eld.
  • the provision of an anode which is substantially longer than the cathode entirely eliminates puncture trouble in the glass envelope 4a and 49 at the ends of themagnetron by assuring that substantially all of the electrons are collected on the anode.
  • FIG. 7 A further modification of my invention is shown in Fig. 7.
  • the required magnetic field about discharge device 2' is produced by a pair of large electromagnets 'I3 and '14.
  • Two conical pole pieces 'I5 and 'IS house discharge device 2 in a manner similar to pole pieces 5 and 6 of Fig. '1.
  • rI'wol sleeves 'I'I and 'I8 may be used to electrically insulate magnet coils 'I3 and 'I4 from pole pieces 'I5 and l.
  • Inlet passage '59 and outlet passage 80 for the fluid cooling medium are formed in the pole pieces in a somewhat different manner and connect with the space about the anode of the discharge de- While I have Vdisclosed in pipes 8
  • Fig. 1 a form of friet, I wish to point out that the permanent magnetfvhas decided advantages with respect to the I ,constancy of frequencywhich may be produced.
  • a v'permanent magnet can be con-v structed for usein myinvention which is not of The magnet may I believe that l ⁇ Ifhave,been'the first to provide a practical short wave oscillation generator ofthe magnetron type Airrvvhicln the advantage of permanent magnetism isY taken Vto produce the main magnetic field 'y therebyto produce oscillations having frequency ⁇ of improved constancy and extremely short wave length.
  • Y j ,I-Ierein where I have'used the term odd vmul- ,ftiple' of. a quarter wave length, it vWillof course be understood vthatjI include theY multiple one.
  • an electron discharge device having a cathode, an anode enclosing said cathode, and a magnet having opposed pole pieces arranged to produce a magnetic iield parallel with said cathode and within said anode, the opposite ends of said anode being housed within the respective pole pieces, and a winding about said anode between said pole pieces.
  • an electron discharge device having a cathode, an anode enclosing said cathode, and a magnet having opposed pole pieces vvice having a cathode, an anode enclosing said cathode, and a magnet having opposed pole pieces arranged to produce a field parallel with said ⁇ cathode and within said anode, the opposite ends of said anode being housed within the respective pole pieces, and means to change the flux distribution within said anode and between said pole pieces.
  • an electron discharge device having a cathode, an anode concentric with said cathode, and means to produce a magnetic fieldV within said anode and at an angle to said cathode, said anode extending beyond each end of said cathode by a distance equal to at least the f product of theradius of said anode and the c0- magnetic field within said anode of such intensity that at least a portion of the electrons leaving the cathode travel at an acute angle relative thereto, said anode extending beyond either end of said cathode to such an ⁇ Vextent that substantially all of the electrons emitted by said cathode .are collected on said anode.
  • the combination lis an electron discharge apparatus, of a cylindrical anode, opposed magnetic pole pieces at opposite ends thereof arranged to produce a strong magnetic field within said anode, a cathode arranged coaxial with said anode, said anode being at ground potential at the frequency at which said device operates, and said cathode being free to oscillate at said frequency.
  • an electron discharge de vice a permanent magnet for producing a strong magnetic field within said dischargev device and for determining the frequency of oscillations in said device in accordance with the intensity of ⁇ said magnetic field, and an adjustable magnetic shunt for varying the magnetic field intensity ⁇ within said discharge device.
  • means for producing a magnetic eld an velectron dischargeV device having a cathode and a concentric cylindrical anode, and means to cause rotation of said device with respect to said magnetic eld ⁇ such that the longitudinal axis of said device forms an acute angle with the line of direction of said eld, said anode extending beyond each end of said cathode a distance equal at least to the product of the radius of said anode andthe cotangent of said angle.
  • an electron discharge device the combination including a linear cathode and an anode concentric therewith, said anode being suiciently .longer than said cathode to prevent electrons which leave said cathode and travel at a small acute angle relative thereto from leaving said anode at either end thereof.

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US61377A 1936-01-29 1936-01-29 Short wave radio transmitter Expired - Lifetime US2145735A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US61377A US2145735A (en) 1936-01-29 1936-01-29 Short wave radio transmitter
GB2696/37A GB491444A (en) 1936-01-29 1937-01-29 Improvements in short-wave radio transmitters embodying magnetron oscillators
DEI56991D DE748785C (de) 1936-01-29 1937-01-29 Magnetronanordnung
FR816986D FR816986A (fr) 1936-01-29 1937-01-29 Système d'émission à ondes ultra-courtes
BE419737D BE419737A (en:Method) 1936-01-29 1937-01-29
US215794A US2232559A (en) 1936-01-29 1938-06-25 Short wave radio transmitter
FR50960D FR50960E (fr) 1936-01-29 1939-10-31 Système d'émission à ondes ultra-courtes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US61377A US2145735A (en) 1936-01-29 1936-01-29 Short wave radio transmitter

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US2145735A true US2145735A (en) 1939-01-31

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US61377A Expired - Lifetime US2145735A (en) 1936-01-29 1936-01-29 Short wave radio transmitter
US215794A Expired - Lifetime US2232559A (en) 1936-01-29 1938-06-25 Short wave radio transmitter

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US215794A Expired - Lifetime US2232559A (en) 1936-01-29 1938-06-25 Short wave radio transmitter

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US (2) US2145735A (en:Method)
BE (1) BE419737A (en:Method)
DE (1) DE748785C (en:Method)
FR (2) FR816986A (en:Method)
GB (1) GB491444A (en:Method)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2428193A (en) * 1944-09-23 1947-09-30 Gen Electric Magnetron
US2473547A (en) * 1945-09-28 1949-06-21 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device
US2506644A (en) * 1947-12-18 1950-05-09 Rca Corp Coaxial electron discharge device
ITTV20120168A1 (it) * 2012-08-21 2014-02-22 Tryonic Ltd Sistema di comunicazione

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2417052A (en) * 1942-02-25 1947-03-11 Submarine Signal Co High-frequency spark circuit
US2430568A (en) * 1942-06-22 1947-11-11 Rca Corp Antenna system
US2489075A (en) * 1943-04-17 1949-11-22 Gen Electric Pulse echo testing apparatus
US2416899A (en) * 1943-09-24 1947-03-04 Raytheon Mfg Co Electronic discharge device of the magnetron type
US2483575A (en) * 1944-07-26 1949-10-04 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Directional microwave antenna
DE915595C (de) * 1944-08-29 1954-07-26 Siemens Ag Magnetfeldroehrenanordnung
US2465673A (en) * 1945-07-09 1949-03-29 Breen Stanley Antenna
US2899604A (en) * 1956-03-28 1959-08-11 Magnetrons
DE1085926B (de) * 1956-12-21 1960-07-28 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Schwingungserzeuger in Form eines in einen Schwingungskreis eingebauten Zweischlitzmagnetrons
US3265850A (en) * 1961-08-14 1966-08-09 Litton Electron Tube Corp High frequency heating generator for microwave ovens
US3470476A (en) * 1967-05-31 1969-09-30 Trak Microwave Corp Miniature high power microwave radio transmitter

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE392187C (de) * 1916-12-24 1924-03-17 Walther Kossel Dr Entladungsroehre mit zwei oder mehr Elektroden zur Erzeugung, Verstaerkung, Gleichrichtung und zum Nachweis von elektrischen Schwingungen, Wechselstroemen und Stromschwankungen
DE424133C (de) * 1917-07-06 1926-01-18 Osias Kruh Dr Luftdichter Metallkappenanschluss fuer die Stromzufuehrung in Glaschohlkoerper
GB218677A (en) * 1923-07-05 1926-01-04 Ets Edouard Belin Improvements in or relating to electron discharge tubes
DE471524C (de) * 1924-05-31 1929-02-14 August Zacek Einrichtung zur Erzeugung von kurzen Wellen
NL20149C (en:Method) * 1925-08-10
NL28223C (en:Method) * 1925-10-14
GB287927A (en) * 1927-03-30 1929-05-16 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in systems for producing high frequency electric oscillations
FR739024A (en:Method) * 1931-06-24 1932-12-31
CH169876A (fr) * 1932-03-31 1934-06-15 Csf Procédé de modulation des émetteurs à tubes magnétrons et des émetteurs à tubes ayant les mêmes caractéristiques que les tubes magnétrons, et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé.
NL41326C (en:Method) * 1934-02-23
DE869649C (de) * 1934-03-01 1953-03-05 Julius Pintsch K G Elektronenroehre zum Anfachen, insbesondere Verstaerken, Erzeugen oder Empfangen vonultrahochfrequenten, elektromagnetischen Schwingungen
NL43919C (en:Method) * 1934-03-01

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2428193A (en) * 1944-09-23 1947-09-30 Gen Electric Magnetron
US2473547A (en) * 1945-09-28 1949-06-21 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device
US2506644A (en) * 1947-12-18 1950-05-09 Rca Corp Coaxial electron discharge device
ITTV20120168A1 (it) * 2012-08-21 2014-02-22 Tryonic Ltd Sistema di comunicazione
WO2014030108A3 (en) * 2012-08-21 2014-04-10 Tryonic Ltd Communication system
US20150256225A1 (en) * 2012-08-21 2015-09-10 Tryonic Ltd Communication system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US2232559A (en) 1941-02-18
FR50960E (fr) 1941-05-19
FR816986A (fr) 1937-08-21
DE748785C (de) 1944-11-09
GB491444A (en) 1938-08-29
BE419737A (en:Method) 1937-02-27

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