US2129074A - Automatic signal transmission control circuit - Google Patents

Automatic signal transmission control circuit Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2129074A
US2129074A US7468A US746835A US2129074A US 2129074 A US2129074 A US 2129074A US 7468 A US7468 A US 7468A US 746835 A US746835 A US 746835A US 2129074 A US2129074 A US 2129074A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
resistance
resistances
regulating
voltage
signal transmission
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US7468A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Thierbach Dietwald
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens and Halske AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2129074A publication Critical patent/US2129074A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G7/00—Volume compression or expansion in amplifiers
    • H03G7/001—Volume compression or expansion in amplifiers without controlling loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G11/00—Limiting amplitude; Limiting rate of change of amplitude
    • H03G11/004—Limiting amplitude; Limiting rate of change of amplitude using discharge tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G7/00—Volume compression or expansion in amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G7/00—Volume compression or expansion in amplifiers
    • H03G7/002—Volume compression or expansion in amplifiers in untuned or low-frequency amplifiers, e.g. audio amplifiers
    • H03G7/004—Volume compression or expansion in amplifiers in untuned or low-frequency amplifiers, e.g. audio amplifiers using continuously variable impedance devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G7/00—Volume compression or expansion in amplifiers
    • H03G7/02—Volume compression or expansion in amplifiers having discharge tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G9/00—Combinations of two or more types of control, e.g. gain control and tone control
    • H03G9/02—Combinations of two or more types of control, e.g. gain control and tone control in untuned amplifiers
    • H03G9/04—Combinations of two or more types of control, e.g. gain control and tone control in untuned amplifiers having discharge tubes
    • H03G9/10—Combinations of two or more types of control, e.g. gain control and tone control in untuned amplifiers having discharge tubes for tone control and volume expansion or compression
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/02—Details
    • H04B3/04—Control of transmission; Equalising
    • H04B3/10—Control of transmission; Equalising by pilot signal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to automatic signal transmission control systems, and more particularly to a system wherein the signal feeding path of the signal network is regulated.
  • control or regulating means For the purpose of equalizing fadings, for amplitude limitation, level stabilization and volume-ratio regulation in music transmission installations, control or regulating means have been used in the past in which the Voltage regulation is 10 accomplished by the aid of controllable non-linear resistances.
  • the latter may consist, for instance,
  • the circuit scheme usually is so chosen that the non-linear resistances are cut in the circuit, or l5 transmission path, either in the form of shunt or series elements.
  • the kind of non-linear resistance that has here- 40 tofore been used for regulation changed its resistance not only at the rhythm of the regulating voltages supplied thereto, but also at the frequency of the transmitted signal current, and the consequence was non-linear distortion.
  • the 45 latter was liable to assume considerable and serious proportions whenever large amplitude Variations were fed to the resistances, and when the lack of linearity of the resistances was very great with a view to insuring adequate regula- 50 tion sensitiveness or response.
  • the circuit schemes known in the art were found to be unserviceable in instances where it was found to be imperative that the distortion factor should not undergo any substantial increase as a result of 56 the regulating action.
  • a kind of regulating resistance is used in which the resistivity, as a result of the action of a control quantity, such as a regulating voltage, undergoes alterations only with such sluggishness that it acts like a linear resistance so far as the useful, or working, currents that are to be transmitted are concerned.
  • the resistances, to be used respond to, and follow, the comparatively slow controlling direct current Voltage variations, but not the essentially more rapid fluctuations of the signal currents to be transmitted. Inasmuch as the difference between the control frequency and the signal frequencies, as before indicated, is generally speaking fairly large, it is found to be comparatively easy to satisfy such conditions as are made regarding the regulating resistances.
  • resistances which experience marked changes of resistance upon being heated.
  • What may be particularly recommended for this object are the so-called hot conductors, say, resistances made from uranium oxide in vacuo which have a high negative temperature coefficient. These resistances must be so dimensioned that their time-constant is greater than the length of a period of one of the lowest useful frequencies to be handled or transmitted. It is also possible to use resistances possessing a positive temperature coefficient, and among these may be mentioned standard incandescent (glow) lamps of the metal-filament or tungsten type, unless the regulating range to be covered is large.
  • the regulating resistance upon which for regulation a regulable direct current Voltage is impressed is combined suitably with fixed resistances; that is to say, resistances whose resistivity does not undergo any iiuctuations, to result in voltage dividers, the consumer or load device being united either with the fixed or with the Variable resistance of the said voltage divider.
  • fixed resistances that is to say, resistances whose resistivity does not undergo any iiuctuations, to result in voltage dividers, the consumer or load device being united either with the fixed or with the Variable resistance of the said voltage divider.
  • voltage dividers it would be feasible to connect in series With the consumer also multipole structures whose series, or shunt, elements are made up of controllable resistances. If the voltage regulation is to be of a kind dependent upon the frequency, then the variable resistances must be suitably combined with the resistances whose values are a function of the frequency.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the use of a regulator resistance having a negative temperature coefficient
  • Figs. 2 and 3 comprise the use of resistances having a positive temperatur-e coefficient
  • Figs. 4 and 5 are concerned with the use of resistances with negative and positive temperature coecients, respectively, in four-pole schemes.
  • the voltage to be regulated in all instances is to be ied in, or applied across, the terminals Al and Bl, while at the amplier output end A2-B2 the regulated voltage may be taken off.
  • the regulating resistance -R say in the form of a hot conductorhaving a negative temperature coefficient, as described above, is connected to the voltage source in series with an ohmic resistance Rv.
  • the input of the amplifier V to be regulated is united by way of the blocking condensers C with the terminals of the regulating resistance -R.
  • a part of the energy is shunted off, and from this energy is ltered out, by the aid of a filter F, a control or piloting frequency specially transmitted for regulating purposes, and, finally, after rectification in rectifier G, fed to the regulator resistance.
  • the choke-coils D serve to keep the signal currents away from the rectier circuit, while condensers C are provided with the end in View to preclude the controlling direct current from. the input circuit of the amplier.
  • Fig. 2 shows in what way, by the same circuit organization, and by the aid oi a resistance possessing a positive temperature coefficient, regulation of the level is accomplished. What is here necessary is that with growth of output voltage of the amplifier the direct current voltage fed to the regulating resistance becomes lower.
  • an amplifier tube R With growing amplitude, the grid biasing voltage of the tube R is shifted into the negative region so that the plate current of the tube R becomes less. As a result, also, the resistance Value of the regulating resistance decreases for the signal currents.
  • level stabilization is feasible as shown in Fig. 3 by the aid of a resistance +R having a positive temperature coefficient without having recourse t0 an amplifier tube R.
  • Fig. 4 shows a quadripole arrangement which is interposed between the input of the amplier to be regulated and the source of current AI-Bl furnishing the voltage which is to be regulated.
  • the series elements of the resistance consist of xed resstances Rv.
  • the variable resistance -R is included in the quadripole in the form of a shunt element.
  • the control voltage designed to act upon the regulating resistance is fed in at points Sl--S2. ⁇
  • the condensers C serve also in this scheme for the purpose of precluding the control current from the circuit carrying the signal current.
  • a high frequency signal transmission system of the type including an amplier, a source of high frequency signal energy for the amplifier, said energy including energy of a control frequency, a signal shunting path connected across said source, said path including a resistive element comprising a filament of uranium oxide in vacuo whose resistance has a temperature coefficient of a negative sign, said element having a suiciently high inertia at the frequency of said signal energy to impart a constant resistance characteristic thereto at said signal frequency, the amplifier input circuit being connected to said source and across at least a portion of said shunting path, means for deriving a direct current from the energy of Vsaid control frequency, and means for applying said direct current to said resistive element.
  • DIETWALD THIERBACH DIETWALD THIERBACH.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Networks Using Active Elements (AREA)
  • Adjustable Resistors (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
US7468A 1934-03-23 1935-02-21 Automatic signal transmission control circuit Expired - Lifetime US2129074A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES113374D DE727190C (de) 1934-03-23 1934-03-23 Schaltungsanordnung zur Regelung des UEbertragungsmasses von UEbertragungssystemen mit Hilfe von Regelwiderstaenden

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2129074A true US2129074A (en) 1938-09-06

Family

ID=7532467

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US7468A Expired - Lifetime US2129074A (en) 1934-03-23 1935-02-21 Automatic signal transmission control circuit

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2129074A (de)
AT (2) AT146911B (de)
DE (1) DE727190C (de)
GB (1) GB445977A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2428039A (en) * 1942-06-20 1947-09-30 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Feedback amplifier
US2554153A (en) * 1948-04-14 1951-05-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Telephotograph system, including a pilot gain control channel
US3048791A (en) * 1943-06-22 1962-08-07 Sheldon H Dike Amplifier which changes its frequency response with time

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1069690B (de) * 1959-11-26
DE1046106B (de) * 1953-02-11 1958-12-11 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Vermeidung von in Mehrkanal-Traegerfrequenzsystemen auftretenden Stoerungen, insbesondere von UEbersteuerungserscheinungen in den Traegerfrequenzzwischenverstaerkern
DE1016760B (de) * 1953-07-07 1957-10-03 Deutsche Bundespost Schaltungsanordnung zur Volumenregelung in Fernsprechteilnehmer-Anschlussleitungen
US3909733A (en) * 1973-05-17 1975-09-30 Dolby Laboratories Inc Dynamic range modifying circuits utilizing variable negative resistance

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2428039A (en) * 1942-06-20 1947-09-30 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Feedback amplifier
US3048791A (en) * 1943-06-22 1962-08-07 Sheldon H Dike Amplifier which changes its frequency response with time
US2554153A (en) * 1948-04-14 1951-05-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Telephotograph system, including a pilot gain control channel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB445977A (en) 1936-04-22
DE727190C (de) 1942-10-29
AT155197B (de) 1938-12-10
AT146911B (de) 1936-09-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2129074A (en) Automatic signal transmission control circuit
US2367110A (en) Audio amplifier system
US2250559A (en) Amplifier gain control circuit
US2694142A (en) Signal-to-noise energy detection unit
US2418389A (en) Automatic limiter system
US2663002A (en) Attenuator for seismic gain control
US2273143A (en) Audio volume control circuit
US2319663A (en) Volume control circuits
US2762965A (en) Voltage regulating apparatus of the electronic type
US2232212A (en) Apparatus for amplifying direct current voltages and currents
US2801300A (en) Amplifier volume control attenuator
US2595034A (en) Antihunting measuring and controlling apparatus
US2207094A (en) Control of volume in radio receivers
US2266541A (en) Limiter output control
US2054657A (en) Automatic selective fading control circuits
US3162801A (en) Automatic gain control system using signal suppression
US2255683A (en) Transmission control system
US2784263A (en) Compression amplifier
GB514073A (en) Improvements in thermionic amplifier stages
US2703825A (en) Electronic gain control device
US3360737A (en) Amplifying system having high speed and high accuracy gain control
US2964713A (en) Audio automatic volume control
US2271208A (en) Resistance device
US2960661A (en) Automatic gain control circuit
US2177847A (en) Circuit arrangement adapted to equalize working voltage fluctuations in amplifiers