Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F4/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of proteins; Manufacture thereof

Definitions

• One of its objects is a process for producing the said articles. Further objects will be seen from approaches that of the natural silk wound up from the cocoons with respect to strength and extensibility, fineness, feel and lustre.
• a suitable precipitating bath is a concentrated solution of an inorganic salt, for instance, am-
• a concentrated solution of an organic salt may likewise be used, thus, for instance, a solution of 5 ammonium formate, sodium formate, sodium acetate, an alcali metal salt of oxalic acid, lactic acid, citric or tartaric acid, or a solution containing a mixture of an inorganic and an organic salt, for instance of those just mentioned.
• a concentrated solution of ammonium sulfate or of ammonium formate may be added in a suitable proportion to these baths, for instance, an inorganic acid, such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric or phosphoric acid, or an organic acid, such as formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, lactic acid, citric or tartaric acid.
• an inorganic acid such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric or phosphoric acid
• an organic acid such as formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, lactic acid, citric or tartaric acid.
• sulfuric or formic acid we add sulfuric or formic acid.
• the amount of acid added to the concentrated salt solution may be varied within wide limits. The best kind of acid and the most suitable amount of acid to be used in combination with a particular salt solution and a particular fibroin solution may easily be determined by some comparative experiments.
• the stretching is produced by causing the precipitating bath to act upon a long length of thread, thus stretching is gradual; also mechanical means can be used with advantage, for instance, two or several draught rollers with different peripheral velocities. In the latter case a shorter-length of immersion in the bath may be used, for'instance, 0,l1 meter, because a stretching by the coagulating liquid is necessary not at all or only to a small extent.
• the last roller is preferably given a somewhat smaller peripheral velocity than the last but one.
• the spun silk may be finished in the usual manner by washing, soaping and drying.
• Fibroin solutions with a low content of electrolyte in the meaning as set forth may for example be prepared according to the copending application Serial-No. 531,850 filed on April 21, 1931 by Irion and Mahn or Serial No. 499,839 filed on December 3, 1930 by Fink and Ro'ssner. Solutions of fibroin in ammoniacal-cop r oxyde are also useful if the content of ammonia is reduced after complete dissolution of the fibroin in the usual ammoniacal-copperhydroxide solvent in the cold, for instance 0 C.
• a precipitating bath having a length of about 3 metres and at a temperature of 20 C. and comprising an ammonium sulfate solution of about 40 per cent strength.
• the speed of draught amounts to 40 metres per minute in the case of a delivery which corresponds with a total titre of 50 deniers.
• a thread is obtained which has a dry tenacity of about 1.6 grams per denier and an extensibility of about 25 per cent.
• the draught can be increased to -80 metres per minute, particularly when a high total titre is being spun.
• the speed of draught amounts to 20 meters per minute; the thread delivered is stretched by means of a second roller having a peripheral velocity of about 60 meters per minute; the delivery of the spinning liquid is regulated so that a total titre of 48 deniers is formed.
• a thread is obtained which has a dry tenacity of about 2 grams per denier and an extensibility of about per cent.
• a fibroin solution prepared by dissolving fibroin in liquefied ammonia at a temperature near the freezing point of ammonia and mixing the solution of fibroin in ammonia with water while evaporating the ammonia, and containing about 16.8 per cent of fibroin and about 0.07 per cent of ammonia and having a viscosity of about 1.5 poise at C. is ejected from a glass nozzle having 120 perforations of a diameter of 0.07 mm. into a precipitating bath consisting of an aqueous solution containing about-42 per cent of ammonium sulfate and about 4 per cent of sulfuric acid.
• the delivery of the spinning liquid is regulated so that a total titre of 150 deniers is obtained.
• the length of immersion of the thread in the precipitating bath is 2.8 meters, the temperature of the bath is 20 C.
• the thread runs on a roller having a peripheral velocity of about '7 meters per minute and then on a second roller having a peripheral velocity of about 30 meters per minute. It is, therefore, stretched between the two rollers to about 4.3 times its length.
• the elasticity of the threads is the same as that of the natural silk.
• the delivery of the spinning liquid is regulated so that a thread of 180 deniers is produced.
• the length of immersion of the thread in the precipitating bath amounts to 2.8 meters; the temperature of the bath is 20 C.
• the thread is drawn cif from the bath by a draught roller having a peripheral speed of about 6.0 meters per minute and then passes over a second roller or spool having a peripheral speed of about 36 meters.
• the thread is, therefore, stretched between two rollers to about 6 times its length. While on the spool, the thread is freed from cop per and washed by irrigation or suction with diluted acid.
• threads 01' a dry tenacity of about 2.0 grams per denier and an ejected through a glass nozzle having 120 perforations of a diameter of 0.07 mm. into a precipitating bath containing about 39 per cent of ammonium sulfate and about 2.4 per cent of sulfuric acid.
• Ti length of immersion of the thread in the i amounts t0 2 meters, the
• our present invention is not limitforegoing examples or the spe given therein.
• othi trated salt solutions may be employed as p. itating baths.
• the amount or the acid added to the salt solution may be varied to the special working conditions,
• a process which comprises spinning a fibroin solution with a low content of electrolytes in a precipitating bath consisting of a concentrated solution of ammonium sulfate, and stretching the freshly coagulated product.
• a process which comprises spinning a fibroin solution with a low content of electrolytes in a precipitating bath consisting of a concentrated solution of ammonium formate, and stretching the freshly coagulated product 3.
• a process which comprises spinning a fibroin solution with a low content of electrolytes in a precipitating bath consisting of a solution of ammonium formate containing at most 10 per cent of formic acid, and stretching the freshly coagulated product.
• a process which comprises spinning a fibroin solution containing about 12 per cent of fibroin and about 0.5 per cent of NaSCN, and having a viscosity of about 0.5 to 1 poise at 20 C. in a precipitating bath comprising 50 to 60 per cent of ammonium formate and 3 per cent of formic acid at a temperature of about 20 C., the immersion length of the formed threads inthe precipitating bath being abnut three metres, drawing off the freshly co lated threads from the spinning bath by IOllul having a peripheral velocity of about 20 meters per minute and passing the threads over a second roller having a peripheral velocity of about 60 meters per. minute.
• a process which comprises spinning a fibroin solution containing about 16.8 per cent of fibroin and about 0.07 per cent of ammonia, and having .a viscosity of about 1.5 poise at 20 C., in a precipitating bath comprising an ammonium sulfate solution of about 42 per cent strength and about 4 per cent of sulfuric acid at a temperature of about 20 C., the immersion length of the formed threads in the precipitating bath being about 2.8 meters, drawing off the freshly coagulated threads from the spinning bath by a roller having a peripheral velocity of about '7 meters per minute, and passing the threads over a second roller having a peripheral velocity of about 30 meters per minute.
• a process which comprises spinning a fibroin solution containing about 8 per cent of fibroin, about 2.7 per cent of copper and about 0.9 per cent of ammonia, and having a viscosity of about 2.5 poises at 0 C., in a precipitating bath comprising an ammonium sulfate solution of about 39 per cent strength, and about 2.4 per cent of sulfuric acid at a temperature of 18 C.,
• the immersion length of the formed threads in the precipitating bath being about 2 meters, drawing off the freshly coagulatedthreads from the spinning bath by a roller having a peripheral velocity of about 5 meters per minute'and passing the threads over a second roller having a peripheral velocity of about 22.5 meters per minute.
• a process of producing artificial fibroin threads which comprises dissolving fibroin in an aqueous solution of an inorganic electrolyte at a temperature not higher than 80 C., removing said electrolyte from said solution so that said solution becomes substantially free from said electrolyte, spinning said solution in a precipitating bath consisting of a concentrated aqueous solution of an easily water-soluble salt and stretching the freshly coagulated product.
• a process of producing artificial fibroin threads which comprises dissolving fibroin in an aqueous solution of an inorganic electrolyte at a temperature not higher than 80 C., removing said electrolyte from said solution so that said solution becomes substantially free from said electrolyte, spinning said solution in a precipitating bath consisting of a concentrated aqueous solution of an easily water-soluble salt and containing at most per cent of an acid and stretching the freshly coagulated product.
• a process of producing artificial fibroin threads which comprises dissolving fibroin in an aqueous solution of an inorganic electrolyte at a temperature not higher than 80 C., removing said electrolyte from said solution so that said solution becomes substantially free from said electrolyte, spinning said solution in a precipitating bath consisting of a concentrated aqueous solution of an easily water-soluble inorganic salt and stretching the freshly coagulated product.
• a process of producing artificial fibroin threads which comprises dissolving fibroin in an aqueous solution of an inorganic electrolyte at a temperature not higher than 80 C., removing said electrolyte from said solution so that said solution becomes substantially free from said electrolyte, spinning said solution in a precipitating bath consisting of a concentrated aqueous solution of an easily water-soluble inorganic salt and containing at most 10 per cent of an acid and'stretching the freshly coagulated product.
• a process of producing artificial fibroin threads which comprises dissolving fibroin in an aqueous solution of an inorganic electrolyte at a temperature not higher than 80 C., removing said electrolyte from said solution so that said solution becomes substantially free from said electrolyte, spinning said solution in a precipitating bath consisting of a concentrated aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate containing at most 10 per cent of sulfuric'acid "and stretching the freshly coagulated product.
• a process of producing artificial fibroin point of ammonia mixing the solution of fibroin and ammonia with water while evaporating the ammonia, spinning said solution in a precipitating bath consisting of a concentrated aqueous solution of an easily water-soluble salt and v stretching the freshly coagulated product.
• a .process of producing artificial fibroin threads which comprises dissolving fibroin in an aqueous ammoniacal copper-oxide solution at a temperature below 0 C., evaporating the superfluous ammonia, spinning the solution in a. precipitating bath consisting of a concentrated aqueous solution of an easily water-soluble salt and stretching the. freshly coagulated product.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=34584637

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (3)

• 0
  • BE BE381540D patent/BE381540A/xx unknown
  • NL NL30840D patent/NL30840C/xx active
• 1930
  • 1930-08-19 DE DE1930573740D patent/DE573740C/de not_active Expired
• 1931
  • 1931-08-04 US US555133A patent/US2107959A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1931-08-17 FR FR721604D patent/FR721604A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1931-08-18 GB GB23253/31A patent/GB369139A/en not_active Expired

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