US2537312A - High elongation yarn - Google Patents
High elongation yarn Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2537312A US2537312A US15332A US1533248A US2537312A US 2537312 A US2537312 A US 2537312A US 15332 A US15332 A US 15332A US 1533248 A US1533248 A US 1533248A US 2537312 A US2537312 A US 2537312A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- yarns
- cellulose acetate
- solution
- spinning
- yarn
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
- D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
- D01F2/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
- D01F2/30—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate by the dry spinning process
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2973—Particular cross section
- Y10T428/2978—Surface characteristic
Definitions
- a further object resides in a process for forming continuous filament yarns of cellulose acetate having elongations above 35% and capable of'being heat-stretched'at relatively 'low'stretch ratio to produce yarns having, after stretching, tensile strengths 'of 2 grams per denier or more and elongations of to Other objects will appear hereinafter.
- the present invention will be more easily under- Example Cellulose acetate prepared from cotton linters and with a degree of polymerization of about 365 2 and a solution viscosity measured at 25% concentration at 40 C. of from 300 to 400 poises was dissolved in acetone-to give a solution composed of 25% cellulose acetate, 72.5% acetone and 2.5% water. After deaerating and filtering in the usual manner, the solution was preheated to to 82 C., at which temperature it was extruded through a spinneret having 43 holes, each hole being 0.04 mm. in diameter, into an evaporative spinning cell of the type described in U. S. Pat- 'ent 1,918,816.
- the air' entering the cell near the spinneret was at 36 C. and became heated to about C. at the point of aspiration near the bottom of the cell at which point it contained about 60 grams of acetone vapor per cubic meter.
- the rate of spinning solution delivery was maintained at 3'7 grams per minute equal to a jet velocity of about 700 yards per minute so that the resulting yarn, after separating into two equal parts, measured '75 denier each when wound up at 608 yards per minute. These conditions give a stretchv ratio of 0.85 as defined above.
- a finish was applied to the yarn during Wind-up and subsequently the yarn was twisted and wound into a suitable shipping package.
- the finished yarn had the following properties: 1.28 grams per denier dry tenacity; 37.4% dry elongation; 0.83 grams per denier wet tenacity; and 51.6% wet elongation.
- the yarn showed a more highly crenulated crosssection than yarns spun heretofore at this high wind-up speed.
- the high elongation yarns of this invention differ from conventional yarns.
- Figure 1 is a cross-section of a regular 55 denier-18 filament cellulose acetate yarn
- Figure 2 is a crosssection of a 55 denier-18 filament high elongation yarn produced by the process of this invention. From a comparison of the figures, it can be seen that the yarns of this invention are more crenulated than the yarns produced by the normal spinning processes. The greater crenulated nature of the yarns of this invention is desirable because the yarns have greater covering power and fabrics made therefrom are more uniform in appearance.
- the high resistance to abrasion and the high 3 impact strength of the yarns of this invention make them useful where the conventional yarns could not be used satisfactorily.
- the high elongation yarns of this invention are advantageous in certain specific uses such as in carpet pile yarns and in military cargo,- chutes.
- satins' prepared from conventional control yarns and from high elongation yarns of c this invention it was found that the yarns hay-- ing about 35% greater elongation over the control yarn, gave fabrics which had:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Description
Jan. 9, 1951 A. J. MEHLER, JR I 2,537,312
HIGH ELONGATION YARN Filed March 17, 1948 IN VEN TOR.
. AlbertjMchleljjif,
6. WWW
ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 9, 1951 2,537,312 men ELoNGA'r'IoNYAnN Albert J. Mehler, Jr., New Hope, Va., assignor to 1 E. L du Porit deNemours & Company, Wilmin'gton, Del.,.a corporation of Delaware Application March 17, 1948, Serial No. 15,332
'3 Claims. (01. 18-54) U. S. 2,086,7l9describes the production, fromsm lutions of cellulose acetate having viscosities of less than'100 poises at the extrusion temperature, of yarn having dry elongations of about 30% to 40% by stretching the yarn during spinning 'at a stretchratio not exceeding 2. While yarns prepared by this method have attractive properties, the required slow rate of spinning at 100 meters per minute or thereabout makes the process' unattractive for commercial operation. Attempts to spin at substantially higher spinnin speeds, such as several hundred meters per minute or more, while'rnaintaining high elongation yarn properties, have until now been unsuccessful.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to furnish filaments and yarns of cellulose acetate having dry elongations about 35% and spun at wind-up speeds in excess of 500 yards per minute. A further object resides in a process for forming continuous filament yarns of cellulose acetate having elongations above 35% and capable of'being heat-stretched'at relatively 'low'stretch ratio to produce yarns having, after stretching, tensile strengths 'of 2 grams per denier or more and elongations of to Other objects will appear hereinafter.
These objects are accomplished by spinning cellulose acetate solutions of relatively high viscosities and preheated to a relatively high temperature into an evaporative atmosphere through relatively small spinneret orifices and under conditions to give a jet velocity of over 600 yards per minute and a stretch ratio of about 0.85 computed on the basis of the spinning wind-up speed divided by the jet velocity of the filament-forming stream issuing from the spinneret assuming no increase or decrease in diameter upon extrusion. For this, the rate of wind-up is greater than 500 yards per minute but is always less than the rate of extrusion. The solution temperature should be at 75 C. to 85 C., being materially higher than the 60 0. head solution temperature normally used.
The present invention will be more easily under- Example Cellulose acetate prepared from cotton linters and with a degree of polymerization of about 365 2 and a solution viscosity measured at 25% concentration at 40 C. of from 300 to 400 poises was dissolved in acetone-to give a solution composed of 25% cellulose acetate, 72.5% acetone and 2.5% water. After deaerating and filtering in the usual manner, the solution was preheated to to 82 C., at which temperature it was extruded through a spinneret having 43 holes, each hole being 0.04 mm. in diameter, into an evaporative spinning cell of the type described in U. S. Pat- 'ent 1,918,816. The air' entering the cell near the spinneret was at 36 C. and became heated to about C. at the point of aspiration near the bottom of the cell at which point it contained about 60 grams of acetone vapor per cubic meter. The rate of spinning solution delivery was maintained at 3'7 grams per minute equal to a jet velocity of about 700 yards per minute so that the resulting yarn, after separating into two equal parts, measured '75 denier each when wound up at 608 yards per minute. These conditions give a stretchv ratio of 0.85 as defined above. A finish was applied to the yarn during Wind-up and subsequently the yarn was twisted and wound into a suitable shipping package. The finished yarn had the following properties: 1.28 grams per denier dry tenacity; 37.4% dry elongation; 0.83 grams per denier wet tenacity; and 51.6% wet elongation. The yarn showed a more highly crenulated crosssection than yarns spun heretofore at this high wind-up speed.
It is to be noted that a number of factors have been advantageously combined to produce superior yarn. If the relatively high viscosity solution is spun at normal temperatures of solution extrusion but with all the other factors as above described, yarns of markedly lower elongation result. While it is possible to secure even higher elongations by using a much lower stretch ratio such as of the order of 0.5 or even 0.3, the speed of spinnin must be reduced to about yards per minute.
The high elongation yarns of this invention differ from conventional yarns. Figure 1 is a cross-section of a regular 55 denier-18 filament cellulose acetate yarn, and Figure 2 is a crosssection of a 55 denier-18 filament high elongation yarn produced by the process of this invention. From a comparison of the figures, it can be seen that the yarns of this invention are more crenulated than the yarns produced by the normal spinning processes. The greater crenulated nature of the yarns of this invention is desirable because the yarns have greater covering power and fabrics made therefrom are more uniform in appearance.
The high resistance to abrasion and the high 3 impact strength of the yarns of this invention make them useful where the conventional yarns could not be used satisfactorily. For example, the high elongation yarns of this invention are advantageous in certain specific uses such as in carpet pile yarns and in military cargo,- chutes. In comparing satins' prepared from conventional control yarns and from high elongation yarns of c this invention, it was found that the yarns hay-- ing about 35% greater elongation over the control yarn, gave fabrics which had:
16% higher dry grab strength 19% higher wet grab strength 58% higher dry grab elongation 44% higher wet grab elongation 66% higher trapezoid tear strength 7 higher tongue tear strength 7% higher Mullen bursting strength higher Taber abrasion resistance yarns of, this invention did not delusterupon being boiled as much as did conventional fabrics; These advantages may be obtained without sacrifice in mill processing.
It is to be understood, of course, that the above description is for the purpose of" illustration only and that my invention is not limited to the exact conditions herein set out but is subject rather to all variations and modifications falling within the terms and spirit thereof as defined in the following claims;
I claim:
1'. In a process for spinning cellulose acetate filaments by extruding a spinning solution of said cellulose acetate, the improvement comprising extruding said solution, containing about 25% of said cellulose acetate and being heated to a temperature of about C. to about 82 0., at a rate-cf about 700 yardsiper minuteand winding the resultant, filaments at: a speed of about 608 yards per minute, the ratio of said winding to said extruding being about 0.85.
2. In a process for spinning cellulose acetate filamentsby extruding a spinning solution of said cellulose acetate,, the. steps which comprise extrudingsaid; solution at a temperature of about 75 C..'tw ahoutzfifi? C. and at a rate exceeding 600 yards per. minute jet velocity and winding the resultant filaments at a speed greater than 500; yards per minute but less than said rate of extrusion, the ratio of said winding to said jet velocity being. about 0.85.
3; In a process for spinning cellulose acetate filaments by extruding a spinning solution of said cellulose acetate, the steps which comprise extrudingl said solution at. a temperature, of about 7.5 C2. to about 85? C" through aspinneret. having relatively smallholes saicl'. solution having a relatively high viscosity ofi about 300- to about 400 poises measured atv 25% concentration and 409 (1. and said extruding being at a. rate exceeding 600 yards per. minute jet velocity and winding the, resultant filaments at a speed greater than 50h yards per minute but less than the rate of extrusion, the. ratio of said winding to said jet velocity being about 0.85.
ALBERT J. JR.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this. patent;
STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,249,745 Charch et al. July 22, 1941 2,290,929 'Whitehead' July 28,, 1942 2,366,278 Mehler, Jr Jan. 2, 1945 2, 38 '7','.791' Hofiman Oct. 30', 1945 2,431,435. Taylor Nov. 25, 194'!
Claims (1)
1. IN A PROCESS FOR SPINNING CELLULOSE ACETATE FILAMENTS BY EXTRUDING A SPINNING SOLUTION OF SAID CELLULOSE ACETATE, THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING EXTRUDING SAID SOLUTION, CONTAINING ABOUT 25% OF SAID CELLULOSE ACETATE AND BEING HEATED TO A TEMPERATURE OF ABOUT 80* C. TO ABOUT 82* C., AT A RATE OF ABOUT 700 YARDS PER MINUTE AND WINDING THE RESULTANT FILAMENTS AT A SPEED OF ABOUT 608 YARDS PER MIMUTE, THE RATIO OF SAID WINDING TO SAID EXTRUDING BEING ABOUT 0.85.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15332A US2537312A (en) | 1948-03-17 | 1948-03-17 | High elongation yarn |
FR983284D FR983284A (en) | 1948-03-17 | 1949-03-17 | A method of manufacturing a high elongation yarn and yarns obtained by means of this method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15332A US2537312A (en) | 1948-03-17 | 1948-03-17 | High elongation yarn |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2537312A true US2537312A (en) | 1951-01-09 |
Family
ID=21770802
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US15332A Expired - Lifetime US2537312A (en) | 1948-03-17 | 1948-03-17 | High elongation yarn |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2537312A (en) |
FR (1) | FR983284A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3057039A (en) * | 1958-04-21 | 1962-10-09 | Celanese Corp | Wet spun cellulose triacetate |
US3057038A (en) * | 1957-06-05 | 1962-10-09 | Celanese Corp | Wet spun cellulose triacetate |
US3071806A (en) * | 1958-01-29 | 1963-01-08 | Celanese Corp | Wet spinning column and process |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2249745A (en) * | 1937-12-21 | 1941-07-22 | Du Pont | Cellulosic structures and method of producing same |
US2290929A (en) * | 1940-03-20 | 1942-07-28 | Celanese Corp | Production of artificial filaments |
US2366278A (en) * | 1943-12-08 | 1945-01-02 | Du Pont | Spinning process |
US2387791A (en) * | 1941-06-11 | 1945-10-30 | Du Pont | Cellulose acetate yarn and process |
US2431435A (en) * | 1943-03-24 | 1947-11-25 | British Celanese | Production of crinkled cellulose ester filaments |
-
1948
- 1948-03-17 US US15332A patent/US2537312A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1949
- 1949-03-17 FR FR983284D patent/FR983284A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2249745A (en) * | 1937-12-21 | 1941-07-22 | Du Pont | Cellulosic structures and method of producing same |
US2290929A (en) * | 1940-03-20 | 1942-07-28 | Celanese Corp | Production of artificial filaments |
US2387791A (en) * | 1941-06-11 | 1945-10-30 | Du Pont | Cellulose acetate yarn and process |
US2431435A (en) * | 1943-03-24 | 1947-11-25 | British Celanese | Production of crinkled cellulose ester filaments |
US2366278A (en) * | 1943-12-08 | 1945-01-02 | Du Pont | Spinning process |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3057038A (en) * | 1957-06-05 | 1962-10-09 | Celanese Corp | Wet spun cellulose triacetate |
US3071806A (en) * | 1958-01-29 | 1963-01-08 | Celanese Corp | Wet spinning column and process |
US3057039A (en) * | 1958-04-21 | 1962-10-09 | Celanese Corp | Wet spun cellulose triacetate |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR983284A (en) | 1951-06-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2210774A (en) | Fibers from ethylene polymers | |
US2715763A (en) | Synthetic textile fiber | |
US2980492A (en) | Process for preparing textile yarns | |
US2904953A (en) | Manufacture of voluminous yarns | |
US2957747A (en) | Process for producing crimpable polyamide filaments | |
US3048467A (en) | Textile fibers of polyolefins | |
US3457341A (en) | Process for spinning mixed filaments | |
US2584779A (en) | Production of threads of thermoplastic cellulose derivatives | |
US2439813A (en) | Artificial filament | |
US2385890A (en) | Spinning process | |
US2328074A (en) | Manufacture of textile yarn | |
US2387791A (en) | Cellulose acetate yarn and process | |
US2537312A (en) | High elongation yarn | |
US3553305A (en) | Melt-spinning process | |
US2472842A (en) | Apparatus and method of dry spinning vinyl compounds | |
JPS5817292B2 (en) | Texture - Dokakoushio | |
US2588583A (en) | Process for spinning | |
US2351090A (en) | Process of preparing rubber-coated artificial filaments | |
US2702230A (en) | Cellulose acetate spinning process | |
US3038779A (en) | Method for simultaneously producing fibers of different denier and similar crimp | |
US2439039A (en) | Process of producing medullated artificial filaments | |
US2366278A (en) | Spinning process | |
US2878097A (en) | Spinning of polyacrylonitrile filaments | |
US2975023A (en) | Production of regenerated cellulose filaments | |
US2686709A (en) | Process for producing heavy denier regenerated cellulose filaments |