US2084188A - Jaw crusher - Google Patents

Description

J AW CRUSHER Filed Aug. 17, 1933 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 I II A TTORNE June 15, 1937. G. BUCHANAN 2,034,183

' JAW CHUSHER Y Figled Aug. 17, 193:5 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 //III/II/IIIII// a, a l,

NVENTOR. Ma/1 4 fi m Y/ A TTORNEYS.

June 15,1937. BU HANAN 2,084,188

J AW CRUSHER Filed Aug. 17, 1933 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 78 1 w? .9 W QRNEY M June 15, 1937. ANAN 2,084,188

JAW CRUSHER Filed Aug. 1'7, 1933 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 mum 8 l HIIHIIHI I ATTORNEYS V Patented June 15, 1937 Gordon Buchanan, to Pennsylvania.

East Orange, N. 1., asslgnor Crusher Company, Philadelphia. Pa., a corporation of New York- Application August 1'1,

4 Claims.

This invention relates to jaw crushers for rock, ore and the like, and, particularly to such crushers operated by a toggle mechanism to oscillate the crushing jaw. The main object of the invention is to provide a crusher having toggle operating means which is light in weight and of great strength and durability.

A further object of the invention is to provide a toggle mechanism having bearing members of simple formation and readily accessible for inspection and replacement.

Further objects of the invention particularly in the provision of yieldable means to take care.

of excessive crushing strains will appear from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view with parts omitted of a crusher illustrating one embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 2 is a. vertical sectional view showing the toggle pitman in elevation,

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view toggle pitman,

25 Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view showing the toggle members in plan view,

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the toggle pitman,

Fig. 6 is a side view of a modified form of toggle,

Fig. '7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 but illustrating the toggle parts in a different position,

Fig. 8 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 6,

Fig. 9 is a side through the elevation of the complete machine illustrating the structure of the side members to give access to the replaceable wear parts, Fig. 10 is a plan view on enlarged scale of a portion of the machine showing the oscillatory j aw suspension. a

Fig. 11 is a vertical sectional view of a detail taken on the line i l-H of Fig. 10,

Fig. 12 is a view of parts of the jaw supporting mechanism shown in perspective,

Fig. 13 is an elevational view with parts in section showing the construction of the upper 45 bearing section for the pitman, Fig. 14 is a transverse lfl-r-lfl of Fig. 13 and Fig. 15 is a developed plan view partly in section along the surface indicated by the line l5-l5 of Fig. 14.

Referring to Fig. 1 the crusher comprises the side members 5 having a front head (not shown) and'a rear head It between the-ends of the side members. An oscillatory crushing jaw 8 is swiveled on the shaft 9 and carries the crushing plates sectional view on line be keyed to 1933; Serial No. 685,537-

wheel l3 rotates the shaft III as shown. A drive l4, upon the eccentric l5 of which is mounted the toggle pitman designated generally at P operating the toggles l1 and I8.

In the apparatus of this invention the pitman P (Fig.5) is built upof shape and welded to provide struction which is very stron time relatively light in weight.

In the specific embodiment generally V shape are three straps bent into welded at their ends to with the triangular flange these parts and members 23 are provided between the strap memthe steel rolled and cut to a frame work cong and at the same shown (Fig. 5)

flange members 2| strips 22 inset between welded in place as shown. Strut bers 20 intermediate their ends and are also welded in place as shown to complete the frame structure. Blocks 25 are secured in place in the lower ends of the V straps and these blocks 25 and the cooperating surfaces 26 of the straps 20 are rounded to receive a heavy shaft or bar member 21 secured in place by keys and set screws 28 threaded through the two end blocks 2 5. Cradle members 38 (Fig. 1) are fastened to the under surfaces of the flanges 2| and receive and hold the semicylindrical lower shell 3| of ing. The upper the eccentric bearbearing shell 32 is carried by the segment 33 Welded at its edges to the flangemembers 34, and

ribs 36 of plate steel to the segment 33 and a the upper part of the pitman structure is completed by the hollow reinforcing strips welded together and flanges 34 as shown, bolts 35 passing through the flanges 2|, 34 and the ribs 35 and fastening the upper and lower parts of the pitman together.

The front toggles ii are bearing surfaces of the pitm and the corresponding shaft separate members with socketed ends 40, v42 fitting respectively the an bar or shaft 21 44 carried by the oscillatoryjaw. The rear toggle I8 is formed as a single piece with ing on the surfaces of and on the bar or shaft 45 of as to the sockets 43.

bifurcated socketed ends 4|, 43 fitting between the pitman the bar 21 as to sockets 4| straps 28 and bearthe pillow block 48 These bars or shafts 44, 45

are rotatably or stationarily held in the circular block 48.

Preferably the circular sockets sockets 46, 41 respectively of the jaw 8 and pillow shafts 44, 45 are keyed to the 42, 43 of the swing jaw 8 and pillow block or tail piece 48, but these shafts may the end oftoggles l1, l8 by set bolts 50, 5| so that the shafts oscillate slightly in their bearings in the sockets of the jaw 8 and pillowblock 48. This pillow block 4 8 is-detach'ably and er guides 63 in which the member 6| is closely.

fitted byprojections 64 above and 65 below. The frame member 6|lis provided with a bifurcated end and sockets 4| adapted to fit the surfaces of the shaft 21 while the member 6| is similarly bifurcated and provided with sockets 43' adapted to fit the shaft 45.

To hold the members 60, 6| in predetermined relative position a compression unit 61 preferably of hard steel is carried by the slot 68 of the member 60 as shown and has its projecting end 69 resting against the detachable, replaceable plate 10 adapted to shear under abnormal strains so as to protect the other parts of the crusher from breaking. When the crushing strain exceeds a predetermined amount the end 69 will shear-its way across the plate Ill and project into the transverse groove H and permit the member 60 to move relative to the member 6| as indicated in Fig. '7. Under these conditions the outer shell 60 will slide over the internal member 6|, and in this way open the jaws of'the crusherand at the same time stop the jaws from operating. When the pitman Pmovs up and down parts 60 and 6| will merely work up and down inside of each other because sufficient play is provided to permitthis, and in this way all crushing action will'cease in the machine.

The hard steel member 61 and plate 10 may be made of any desired extent, but preferably-are substantially of length equal to the full width of may be removed and replaced by transverse enda wise movement, the-side frame members having openings ll, 12 and 13 and "sufliciently larger in diameter than these shafts to permit them to be inserted and replaced through these openings with the swing jaw in retracted position. In operation all that is necessary is to properly position the toggle parts, release the key connec-' tions between the shafts and toggles or other parts and then drive the shafts out endwise, the toggle parts being, of course, supported, for instance, by Jacks in the pit space at the bottom of the machine. This replacem t may, there'- fore, be effected without disturbing the other machine parts and simply involves the insertion of the new shaft in place of one that has become outworn.

The shaft 9 of the jaw 8 is held stationary by the supporting side members as shown in Figs. 10, 11 and .12. Each end of the shaft is provided with a circular half of the bearings in each vided with a corresponding semi-circular groove 16 adapted to receive a semi-circular washer or key TI fltting in the bearings and holding the shaft against endwise thrust. Each cap member II for the ends of the shaft! is provided with a pin ls'fltting into "a.drilled hole 60 in the corresponding end of the shaft to prevent rotation. This mounting of the shaft is simple in formation and provides accurate and strong holding means retaining the gitudinal alinement while groove 15 and the lower side member is prothe grooves of the shaft and shaft in centered position and against rotation so that its interior surfaces within the jaw bearing may be provided with a flattened portion or groove 8| to receive and spread the lubrication from the lubricators 82.

In Figs. 13, 14 and 15 the special construction of the cap segment 32 is shown providing a This segment is cast with the interior passages 84 with intermediate partitions 65 staggered as shown in Fig. 15 to provide circulation in series during the successive passages from the inlet'86 at one end to the outlet flat the other end. These inlet and outlet passages are connected to the cooling fluid circulation by flex-.

ible tubing be provided 86, and the water jacket will also with draining means permitting I the interior fluid to be drained away.

The machine. of this invention is strong and durable in construction with the cooling segment for the pitman bearing bringing the cooling liqui'd. into very close center bearing for the toggles constrains the moving. surfaces to accurate circular motion around a predetermined center and eliminates misalinement of the opposite toggle thrusts which in previous constructions have tended to impose a stress in form of a tipping torque or movement on the pitman. With the new center bearing the opposite thrusts are closely alined .to meet at the center of the shaft 21 and without any resultant torque or tendency, to tip.

Similarly the shaft bearings of the jaw and the pillow block provide a relatively large bearing surface, reducing the intensity of the bearing pressures and minimizing wear while at the same time avoiding any tendency of the-parts to overheat. These larger bearings not only reduce the intensity of pressure but also provide for less concentration and better radiation of any heating that does occur. These bearings are, therefore, permanently cool even under the most severe conditions of use. All of this is combined with the ready replacement of worn bearing parts, the old and new shafts being simply slipped. out endwise through the' openings in the side frames.

I claim:

1. In an oscillatory tion witha frame and jaw, o1' toggle means for operating said jaw comprising a toggle member formed into two parts, one part shaped as a transversely open yoke and the other part shapedin said yoke, means as a block member slidable between said parts for maintaining themin lonpermitting relative movement between them, a transverse frangible plate carried by one of said parts ani a blade member carried by the other of said parts in contact with said plate,'said plate being accessible through said transverse opening of said yoke member with the parts in assembled position.

2. In an oscillatory jaw crusher the combination with a. frame and jaw, of toggle means for operating said jaw comprising a toggle member formed intotwo parts, one part shaped as a transversely open yoke and the other part shaped relation to the upper bearing surfaces developing the heating effect. The

jaw crusher the water jacket for circulation of the cooling fluid.

as a block member slidable in said yoke, means plate carried by one of said parts and a blade member carried by the other of said parts in contact with said plate, the support for said plate providing opposite contact surfaces spaced apart a distance substantially twice the width of said blade member so as to provide substantial separation between the said surfaces and the end of said blade. I

3. In a'jaw crusher, an oscillating jaw, a drive shaft and an eccentric driven thereby, a pitman carried by said eccentric comprising a plurality of strap members formed into similar loops which are joined and spaced apart by integral webs forming a rigid unitary structure, a toggle shaft carried by said loops, and longitudinally aligned toggle links having socketed ends engaging said toggle shaft between said loops, for reciprocating said jaw.

4. In a jaw crusher, a crushing jaw and means for imparting reciprocating motion to said jaw comprising a drive shaft having an eccentric, a pitman carried on said eccentric comprising-a plurality of strap members formed into loops which are provided along the sides thereof with reinforcing strips and are joined and spaced apart by integral webs forming a rigid unitary structure, a replaceable wear shaft carried by said loops, and longitudinally aligned to gle links having socketed ends engaging said shaft from opposite sides thereof through the spaces between said loops, the opposite ends of said links engaging respectively said jaw and a fixed support.

GORDON BUCHANAN.

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