US1987762A - Jaw crusher - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 15, 1935.

E. B. SYMONS J AW CRUSHER Filed June 15, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 I verif .ldyarjgywww fife/ways:

5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan. 15, 1935. E. B. sYMNs JAW CRUSHER Filed June 15, 1951 E. B. SYMONS I JAW CRUSHER Jan. 15, 1935- Filed June 15, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Q5 9120; 1 M M Jttorzzeyy mm m@ Jan. 15, 1935. E. B. sYMo'Ns Y 1,937,762

JAW CRUSHER Filed June 15, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Jan. 15, 1935. E. B. SYMONS 1,937,762

JAW CRUSHER '5 and a normally moving jaw, and means for Patented Jan. 15, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT orr ce to... a. sworn, Hollywood, Calif designer to Nordberg Manufacturing 00., Milwaukee, Wis, a corporation of Wisconsin Application June 15, 19:1, sol-m No. 544,338

My invention relates to an improvement in crushers, and particularly to an improvement in jaw crushers. One embodiment of my invention is a jaw crusher having a normally fixed jaw moving the moving jaw toward and away from the normally fixed jaw. Another object is the provision of an improved yielding release or yielding supporting means for the fixed jaw,

whereby the fixed jaw is normally held fixed rigidly in a predetermined position from which it may recede against a yielding thrust, in response to pressures in excess of the predetermined crushing pressure thereagainst. Another object is the provision of improved means for mounting the movable jaw of a jaw crusher, and for imparting to it the crushing movement more effective than that of prior crushing jaws. Other objects will appear from time to time in the-course of my specification and claims.

I illustrate my invention more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is an end elevation;

Figure 2 is a section taken on the line 2-2 of-Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a section taken on the line 33 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is an end elevation with parts broken away and parts in section;

Figure 5 is a section taken on the line 5--5 portions resting upon the foundation A and secured thereto by any suitable means. Upstanding from said base portions are side portions A A. The members A may be connected by any suitable transverse bracing members A They are also connected by a hollow cylindrical connecting member A the purpose for which will-later appear. spacing member, tubular in shape, which may be attached by means of the rod A, screw threaded at either end to receive the securing and look A is a further bracing or nuts A". The cylindrical member A may be provided with a guard plate A.

Mounted in the ends of the cylinder'A are bearing bushings B B with their outer fianses B and rotation preventing pins B; Positioned, 5' within said bushings B is a shaft it! having tapered ends 13 exterior to the bushings B. Tapered collars or sleeves 2B are positioned on each taper B and may be held in position as bithe nut B on the screw threaded end portion B" of the shaft B bearing against the washer B. B B indicate arms extending from the tapered sleeves B which terminate in similar tapered sleeves 3 secured to the transverse shaft B and engaging the tapered ends 13 thereof. B are nuts similar to l? which are screwthreadedly mounted upon the screw threaded end portions B and engage the washers B". The side frame members A are apertured as at A in line with the shaft 13 to permit their passage therethrough in the movement of the structure above described in relation to the side frame.

C generally indicates a jaw structure rotatably mounted upon the shaft 13 by means of bearing bushings B'- similar in structure as the bearings B. It includes a cylindrical portion C associated with the forward jaw face C having a lower notch or indentation C and an upper flange C the lower indentation and the upper flange having faces somewhat recessed in rela; tion to the forward face of the member C. '0 generally indicates a central vertical web .or re-' inforcement which is intersected by a generallyhorizontal web C adjacent the bottom of the assembly C and a corresponding web C adjacentthe top. C C are side webs. These various webs converge upon a member (I. and a member C C being at right angles to eachother, their faces being in general parallelism with the axes of the shafts l3 and B". C C are upwardly projecting side walls to which are fastened the side plates L as by the bolts Resting upon the member C are the blocks D D which may be secured in position as by the bolts D with their nuts D D indicate shims, whereby the position of the blocks DD may be adjusted. The blocks are apertured to receive the split bearing sleeve including the parts D D, forming together a cylindrical bearing surface D Referring to Figures 5 and 6, the blocks D l) are provided with downwardly Drojecting L shaped members or wings D" D having inclined wedge surfaces 1) adapted to re-' ceive the tapered wedges D", D". It will be noted that the member (2 of the jaw structure C is seated within the wings D D of the blocks D D which may be wedged into tight engagement by means of the wedges D" D". Studs D screwthreaded into the wedges l3 and nuts and locknuts D serve to actuate the wedges. The blocks D D are provided at either end with circular flanges D" which are grooved to receive packing rings D" the purpose of which will later appear. a

E generally indicates the shaft having keyed to the outer ends the driving pulleys E Intermediate portions of the shafts are received in bearing sleeves 1!! shown in detail for example in Figure 7. These sleeves E may be positioned in the blocks E E which are removably positioned in a box E forming part of the main frame of the machine. The member E is shown as having a wedge surface E engaged by a wedge E" actuated for example by a screw E', whereby the parts may be wedged into tight engagement. The blocks E E are further secmedinplaceasbytheboltsEE'with their nuts E". A central portion of the shaft E is provided with an eccentric E which engages the inner cylindrical surface D" of the split sieeveD'DshowninFigures2and5. Itwill be understood that a rotation of the shaft E will result in an oscillation of the jaw structure generally described as C, since the ends of the shaft E are confined in the bearing sleeves E fixed in the side members A of the main frame. and since the intermediate portion of the shaft is eccentric. Hence rotation of the shaft will impart to the member C a definite oscillation. Since the member C is itself pivoted to the shaft B" at the ends of the links or levers B', and since these levers are pivoted for rotation with the shaft B. rotation of the shaft E imparts a couples oscillation to the jaw C, the characteristics of which will later be considered in greater detail. The blocks E are provided with semicircular flanges E opposed to the irregular shaped flanges E of the blocks E The flanges E" E are internally channelled as at E to receive the flanges D of the blocks D D the packing rings D" of which engage the surface E" of the flanges E E", the channels E formed within serve as an oil drain reservoir. Secured by screws E to the outer face of the blocks E E are the outer oil caps E within which are positioned the oil collars E". The collars E are keyed to the shaft E at E shown in Figure 4.

G indicates a crushing face proper which has one end portion G formed to penetrate the notch or depression C and an upper edge portion G formed to engage the face of the flange C. G G indicate locking wedges adapted to engage an opposed wedge face G at the upper edge of the member G. (3 indicate nuts screwthreaded to the screws G attached to the member 0*, whereby the wedge members G may be drawn in to wedge the member G securely in place upon the jaw member C.

I employ a normally flxed jaw opposed to the moving jaw G which flxed jaw, however, is mounted to yield in case of predetermined excess crushing pressure. Referring to the flxed jaw structure I provide flanges H outwardly extending from the side frame members A. These members H are apertured to receive the compression bolts H herein shown as formed with nuts 1-! H at the opposite ends thereof. Surrounding the compression bolts are tapered studs or rings H which abut against the flanges H.

Adapted normally to be thrust against the flanges H and against the tapered members H is the jaw support generally indicated as H which includes a rear plate H with reinforcing flanges or webs H and spring seating studs H. The member H is apertured as at H to permit the passage therethrough of the compression members H These apertures H are also tapered as at H" to conform to the tapered surfaces of the members H. In order to hold the member H locked in the position in which it is shown for example in Figure 8 I provide a pinrality of spring abutment members H" apertured as at H" to permit the passage therethrough of the bolts or compression members H The members H are provided with tapered spring seating studs H" corresponding to the studs H of the member B. As will be seen for example in Figures 2 and 8 the members H serve to compress a plurality of springs H against the outer or rear face of the member H. These springs are of such strength and are maintained in such compression as to hold the member H normally in the position in which it is shown in Figures 2 and 8. As shown for example in those flgures the members H are reinforced by the webs or flanges H".

Positioned forwardly of the member H, as upon the web H is a jaw member J which is preferably identical in shape with the opposed jaw G and which is similarly wedged in position as by a wedge J which includes screws J and locknuts J Preferably but not necessarily the two members G J may be not only of identical form but may themselves be reversible. That is to say either jaw may be positioned upon either supporting member and either jaw may be inverted, the upper and lower edges of each jaw member G or J being identical.

I provide a unitary oiling system for the structure, with a force feed of oil. K indicates a pump actuating pulley positioned upon the rotating shaft E adjacent one of the pulleys E This rotation drives the pulley K, through the intermediary of the belts K. The pulley K in turn rotates a shaft K upon which any suitable pump rotor may be positioned within the housing K the details of the pump rotor not being herein indicated. K is the oil outlet pipe to the pump which may convey oil from any suitable oil supply tank. K represents a duct or pipe which delivers the oil from the pump under pressure to the gland nipple K held within the recess K in the shaft E by means of the gland K and packings K as illustrated in Figure 4. Aligned with the gland nipple K is an oil duct K in the shaft E which preferably extends through the shaft and may be closed by means of the pipe plug K", this permits easy cleaning of the oil duct. K" are a plurality of ducts communicating with the bearing surfaces of the split bearings E. The split bearing D D which journals the eccentric portion E of the shaft E receives lubrication by means of the oil ducts K. The oil which drains into the oil reservoirs or channels E" is returned to the oil supply tank by the return pipes K communicating with the pipes K". Likewise the drain pipes K connected with the pipes K" receive the oil which drains into the outer oil caps E".

Referring to Figure 3. M is an oil duct in the shaft B closed as by the plug 11 A passage M leads from the duct M and registers with a chamber or core M formed between the bushings B in the cylindrical connecting member A. Lubricant for lubricating the bearing surfaces of the bushings B may be injected into the ducts M M by removing the plug M Similar means are employed for supplying lubricant to the bearing surfaces of the bushings B" surrounding the shaft 13". A chamber or core M communicates with theducts M M in the shaft B and may be closed as by the pipe plug M".

It will be realized that whereas I have de-,

scribed and shown a practical and operative device, nevertheless many changes might be made in size, shape, number and disposition of parts without departing from the spirit of my invention. I, therefore, wish my description and drawings to be taken as in a broad sense illustrative and diagrammatic rather than as limiting me to my specific showing.

The use and operation of my invention are as follows:

The present crusher is adapted to carry out the crushing method I described and claimed in my Patent No. 1,537,565 issued on the 12th day of May, 1925. In order to describe generally, it includes a normally fixed jaw and an oscillated jaw, the fixed jaw overhanging the oscillated jaw, as shown for example in Figure 2. The moving jaw is moved through an excursion of such length and at such a rate as to cause the jaw G to be withdrawn, after each crushing nip, at such a speed or angle or rate as to permit the material just crushed to fall freely under the influence of gravity away from the opposed fixed jaw J. The material first falls freely and then again engages the face of the moving jaw G, as the jaw G moves forwardly for the next crushing nip. The crushing method thus includes in succession a crushing nip, a free fall by gravity, a sliding or disposal of the material on a lower portion of the jaw G and an ensuing crushing nip, this sequence being maintained until the material has been oscillated by gravity from the bottom of the crushing zone.

The jaw G is given'a compound oscillating movement. The jaw crusher as a whole is supported at the upper extremity of the links B, the lower extremities of the links being mounted for oscillation about a fixed axis, the axis of the shaft B Considering the position of the parts as shown in Figure 2 the upper forward corner of the moving jaw structure is pivoted at the upper end of the links B and the lower rear end of the jaw structure is mounted upon the eccentric E". The rotation of the eccentric E rocks the jaw in relation to the link B and also rocks the link B in relation to its axis B The eccentric is at a lower level than the connection between the link B and the jaw crusher, and there is a somewhat larger movement of the jaw at the bottom than at the top. The separation between the jaws J and G, however, increases from bottom to top. The jaw Gdoes not actually rotate about a fixed pivot, but rocks. For example the bottom of the jaw G may be moving toward the fixed jaw J at the time when the top of the jaw G is receding. The jaws or jaw plates proper, J and G, are interchangeable and reversible. They may be changed from jaw to jaw, or may be turned upside down, to compensate for wear, the bottom tending to wear off faster than the top. The moving jaw structure may also be shimmed forward, as by employment of the shims D in relation to the eccentric to take up wear.

The characteristic feature of my invention includes the employment of the plates or side plates L, which are mounted to move withthe moving jaw C, which overlap the fixed jaw plate J, in such fashion that the sides of the crushing zone are always closed and material ban escape therefrom only along the lower edgeof the opposed crushing members J and G.

The fixed jaw structure is normally held in fixed position, as by the springs H. The plate H actually engages the sonic abutments 1!. Thus, when the member H is rearwardly moved against the compression of the springs H and then permitted to return to normal position, the conic members H serve as guides to return it accurately to position. The nests of springs cover substantially the entire area of the fixed jaw. I may employ for example six of the conic abutments H three along each edge of the jaw, penetrating corresponding apertures H" in the plate H Oneadvantage of this arrangement which might also be obtained by employing simply four conic abutments, one at each corner, is the provision that the plate H may tilt about any one of itsfour edges. For example if tramp iron penetrates the crushing cavity along the right hand edge of the jaw J, the jaw structure can tilt about the left hand edge. If an uncrushable mass forms along the lower edge of the crushing zone the jaw J may tilt about its upper edge. Also if the tramp iron or uncrushable mass forms in the center of the jaw, the

jaw may bodily recede slightly. In other words I provide what is in effect a universal connection between the fixed jaw and the frame, wherebyit may tilt or move yieldingly inrelation to the frame to meet a large variety of conditions.

I claim:

1. In a jaw crusher, a frame, a movable jaw and means for actuating it, a normally fixed jaw, abutment means therefor, associated with said frame, and means for urging said jaw against said abutment means, including a plurality of springs-positioned to the rear of said jaw, additional abutments for said springs, to the rear of said jaw, and tension connections between said abutment means and the frame, the abutment means including generally conic abutments mounted upon the frame, the jaw being provided with surfaces conforming generally to said conic abutments, said opposed abutments and surfaces being adapted, in response to the action of said springs, to center the jaw in its predetermined normal position after the passage of uncrushable material through the crusher.

2. In a jaw crusher, a frame, a jaw normally fixed upon said frame, a movable jaw and means for supporting it, including a shaft positioned adjacent said base and below said jaw, links upwardly extending from said shaft, the jaw being rotatably mounted upon the upper en of said links adjacent the upper edge of the aw, and means for oscillating the jaw, including an eccentric mounted for rotation upon the frame and an actuating connection between said eccentric means for oscillating the jaw, including an eccentric mounted for rotation upon the frame and an actuating connection between said eccentric and the jaw and cheek plates mounted for movement in unison with said movable jaw and overlapping said fixed jaw.

4. In a jaw crusher, a frame, a jaw normally fixed upon said frame, a movable jaw and means for supporting it, including a shaft positioned adjacent said base and below said jaw, links up wardly extending from said shaft, the jaw being rotatably mounted upon the upper ends of said links adjacent the upper edge of the jaw, and means for oscillating the jaw, including an eccentric mounted for rotation upon the frame and an actuating connection between said eccentric and the jaw, the normally fixed jaw overhanging the movable jaw over asu-bstantial proportion of its area, both jaws being substantially inclined from the perpendicular.

5. Ina jaw crusher, a frame, jaw supporting links pivoted adjacent the lower portion of said frame, a moving jaw pivoted adjacent its upper end, to said links, the axis of rotation of said jaw in relation to said links being positioned adjacent the crushing face of the jaw, a drive shaft journalled on said frame, an eccentric on said drive shaft, a sleeve on said movable jaw, surrounding said eccentric, said sleeve lying substantially more remote from the crushing face of the jaw than the connection between'the links and the movable jaw, and a normally fixed jaw mounted on said frame, abutment means on said frame against which said normally fixed jawabuts, and yielding means normally holding said jaw against said abutment means, but adapted to permit recession of said normally fixed jaw in response to predetermined excess crushing pressures in the space between the two jaws;

6. In a jaw crusher, a frame, jaw supporting links pivoted adjacent the lower portion of said frame, a moving jaw pivoted adjacent its upper end, to said links, the axis of rotation of said jaw in relation to said links being positioned adjacent the crushing face of the jaw, and adjacent the upper edge of said jaw, a drive shaft journalled on said frame, an eccentric on said drive shaft, a sleeve on said movable jaw, surrounding said eccentric, said sleeve lying substantially more remote from the crushing face of the jaw than the connection between the links and the movable jaw, and a normally fixed jaw mounted on said frame, abutment means on said frame against which said normally fixed jaw abuts, and yielding means normally holding said jaw against said abutment means, but adapted to permit recession of said normally fixed jaw in response to predetermined excess crushing pressures in the space between the two jaws.

7.- In a jaw crusher, a frame, jaw supporting links pivoted adjacent the lower portion of said frame, a moving jaw pivoted adjacent its upper end, to said links, the effective crushing face of said jaw lying above the axis of rotation of said links in relation to the frame, the axis of rotatlon of said jaw in relation to said links being positioned adjacent the crushing face of the jaw, and adjacent the upper edge of said jaw, a drive shaft journalled on said frame, an eccentric on said drive shaft, a sleeve on said movable jaw,'surrounding said eccentric, said sleeve lying substantially more remote from the crushing face of the jaw than the connection between the links and the movable jaw, and a normally fixed jaw mounted on said frame, abutment means on said frame against which said normally fixed jaw abuts, and yielding means normally holding said jaw against said abutment means, but adapted to permit recession of said normally fixed jaw in response to predetermined excess crushing pressures in the space between the two jaws.

8. In a jaw crusher, a frame, a movable jaw, jaw supporting links pivoted adjacent the lower portion of said jaw, the movable jaw being pivoted to the upper ends of said links, the axis of rotation of the jaw in relation to said links being positioned adjacent the crushing face of the jaw, a drive shaft journalled on said frame, an eccentric on said drive shaft, a sleeve associated with said movable jaw, and surrounding said eccentric, said sleeve lying substantially more remote from the crushing face of the movable jaw than the connection between the links and said movable jaw, the axis of rotation of said drive shaft being adjacent the plane of the lower edge of the movable jaw. and a normally fixed jaw mounted on said frame, and opposed to the movable jaw.

9. In a jaw crusher, a frame, a movable jaw, jaw supporting links pivoted adjacent the lower portion of said jaw, the movable jaw being pivoted to the upper ends of said links, the axis of rotation of the jaw in relation to said links being positioned adjacent the crushing face of the jaw, a drive shaft journalled on said frame, an eccentric on said drive shaft, a sleeve associated with said movable jaw, and surrounding said eccentric, said sleeve lying substantially more remote from the crushing face of the movable jaw than the connection between the links and said movable jaw, the axis of rotation of said drive shaft being adjacent the plane of the lower edge of the movable jaw, and lying below the axis of rotation of the jaw in relation to the upper ends of said links, and a normally fixed jaw mounted on said frame, and opposed to the movable jaw.

EDGAR B. SYMONS.

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