US2040959A - Heat interchanger - Google Patents

Description

y 1936- ALF. SCHUMANN HEAT INTERCHANGER Filed Dec. 15, '1934 lNVENTOR ALFRED/T 5 CHUMA/VN ATTORNEY Patented May 19, 1936 UNiTED STATES PATENT OFFICE Hauck Manufacturing Company,

Brooklyn,

N. Y., a corporation of New'York 7 Application December 15, 1934, Serial No. 757,615

1 Claim.

The invention relates to apparatus in which two moving fluids are placed in heat-exchange relation in order that the heat of the one may be rapidly communicated to the other; and more 7 5 especially to apparatus in which the two fluids are circulated therethrough by means of a succession of coaxially positioned chambers.

The invention has for an object the provision of a simple and inexpensively constructed apparatus of this nature whereby a volume of a liquid, such as oil, may be rapidly heated in passing therethrough by means of a gaseous heating medium, such as the products of combustion of a combustible gas, also directed through the apparatus.

A further object of the invention resides in the provision of heat interchange apparatus embodying a plurality of coaxial passes for the gaseous heating medium and associated with intermediate chambers for heating of the liquid which is conveyed from one liquid heating chamber to the next through a plurality of individualized streams, whereby not only is better distribution of the liquid secured but carbonization is reduced to a minimum.

Still another object of the invention resides in the novel construction of heat interchanger whereby the respective liquid heating chambers are displaced axially with respect to one another to afford thereby communication space between '55 succeeding one.

The invention has for a further object the provision of a distributing head for the liquid to be heated, and a novel arrangement thereof with respect'to a combustion chamber of the apparatus whereby the gaseous medium directed through said chamber will be deflected by the said head uniformly to the first pass for the medium.

Another object of the invention resides in the novel arrangement whereby the liquid distributing head affords a support for maintaining the spacing of the various pass-es and chambers and avoids the effects of expansion and contractions due to the variations in temperature to which the apparatus is subjected.

Still another object of the invention resides in the provision of communicating pipes between successive liquid heating chambers and adapted to serve as supporting means for these chambers.

In carrying out the invention, end heads are provided to secure therebetween a shell; and the one head has an axial opening for the introduction of the gaseous heating medium, while through the opposite head is introduced the liquid to be heated, said latter head also being pro- 7 vided with an outlet flue or duct for spent gases. 5 Within this structure, and about a centrally disposed combustion chamber, is housed a plurality of coaxial passes for a flame or gaseous heating medium which is directed into the combustion chamber from a, suitable burner or like means, 10 there being interposed between the said combustion chamber and the respective passes annular liquid heating chambers or intermediate fluid passes coaxially arranged in the housing with respect to said heating chamber. 15 A liquid-distributing head .is provided at the liquid entrance end of the housing, being located over, but axially displaced from, the far end of the combustion chamber and being curved to deflect the heated gases issuing from said chamber into- 20 the initial pass. From this head extends a plurality of pipesor connections for introducing the liquid in individualized streams to the initial liquid heating chamber which surrounds the aforesaid combustion chamber, and the inner wall of 25 this liquid heating chamber is arranged to constitute the wall of said combustion chamber.

The communicating pipes aforesaid, between the said head and the initial liquid heating chamber, serve to support said head whose circumfer- 30 once contacts, with a more or less loose fit only,

with the next-succeeding liquid heating chamber wall; and this chamber at its corresponding end is displaced axially with respect to the firstnamed liquid heating chamber so as to afford a passageway for the gases into the first pass therefor. This displacement of the succeeding liquid heating chamber provides for a similar communication at the opposite end of the second liquid heating chamber and for the accommodation of the pipe connections between the said first and second liquid heating chambers, the arrangement being continued in accordance with the I number of passes for the liquid desired and providing a labyrinthine or tortuous passage for both fluids.

From the final pass or liquid heating chamber, the heated liquid is collected within a suitable distributing manifold, while the spent gases are disposed of through the stack or flue providedat the header opposite the burner end of the housmg.

The nature of the invention, however, will best be understood when described in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which:

r distributing the heated liquid, as through the flame and/or heated gases from a burner member I3 of any suitabletype. The opposite head i llfis provided with an axial opening 14 into 'which is fitted a supply pipe I5 adapted to re 'ceive externally of the head a suitable hose connection or the like (not shown) for the liquid 7 to berheated by the gases introduced from the burner, the gases when 'spent being discharged through a stack .or flue I6 provided in the' head'll,

Between the said heads is secured a cylindrical shell 'and'to whose underside suitable supports 2| may be attached, while at its top is shown secured a tank 22 for collecting and outlet pipe 23. Shell 28 forms the outer wall fof the last chamber 25 of a series of coaxial heating chambers forthe liquid and .of substan, tiallyequal length, the, remaining chambers bee.

' ingQdesignated-Vby the reference characters 26 r and 121. This latter liquid' heating chamber 21' r has'itslinner wall 28 constituting the wall ofa combustion chamber 29 into which the burner 13 discharges and from whose ,opposite end 30 the flame and/or heated gases issue. The arrangement is such, moreover, that these gases arecaused to impinge against a distribut- 'ing head 3| for :the liquid to beheated and into 7 which the pipe I5 discharges the supply of liquid. This head is preferably concave toward f. the outlet 30 soas to deflect the heatin'gmedium backwardly and uniformly through pass -32 therefor located between the liquid heating ghambers 26-and 2" and after flowing through this pass, they are redirected to a'further. pass i 33'located between and formed by the two liquid.

' heating chambers 25 and 26,,until they finally discharge j intothe outer end of head H and throughthestack l6. V 7

The distributing headil is supported in part, by circularly disposed pipes 35, on1a ring 36 l 7 formingthe closure at one end'of the liquid heating chamber fl, thejsaid pipes '35 passing through 7 this ring and discharging the liquid into the said liquid heating chamber in individualized streams to afford thereby. a more rapid heating of the liquidand a more satisfactory distribution of.

t he same through the chamber, as well as to minimize carbonization therein. of the liquid; such as oil or other'bitumin'ous products. Cham-.

r beriflymoreover, is closed at its opposite end by a similar ring'31; and immediatelyfrom' within the same extends outwardly a plurality of pipes 38 affording communication between struction,

, ing chambers and being in contact at its circumsaid opposite end of the chamber 21 and the adjacent end of chamber 26, as in passing through the closing ring 39 of the said chamber 26.

It will be noted that this end of the liquid heating chamber 26 is displaced axially with respect 5 to the corresponding end of the chamber 21 so as not only to accommodate the pipes .38 but to afford a space or duct 40 for the gaseous heating medium in flowing from itspass 32 to the next succeeding pass 33. chamber 26 will extend its far end beyond the corresponding circumference 46 'of the head 3|, the latter having a more or less snug fit :with the inner wall of chamber 26 at the end 45, as shown, but not beingrigidly attached 15 thereto so that expansions and contractions of the said head will not cause undue stresses to ocour in the heatinterchanger structure. Moreover, thesaid head serves to maintain the spacing of the various chambers'as well as assuring proper support therefor. V V

At the far end 45, communicating pipes 41 pass the liquid to the next succeeding amrm the present showing, final liquid heating chamber 25 which is displaced relative to the chamber 25 26 to accommodate the said pipes and afford .a space or duct 46 for the outflowing gaseous medium, From this final pass of'the heating chamber 25, the liquid is taken, from a plurality of points and by means of pipes 50, 5|, 52 30 and 53, to the distributing manifold 22 from 'which it is supplied from its outlet 23 to the point of use.

It will be observed that as a result of this conan effective and thermally efficient 35 heat interchange will occur, for example, forthe direct heating of liquid bituminous products such as road oils, or other fluids.

A heat inte'rchangercomprising a central combustion chamber and means to direct therein a r a gaseous heating medium, said combustion cham-. ber being'surr'ounded by a series of coaxial, al-. ternately arranged liquid heating chambers and passes for the gases from the sai-d'combustion chamber, a liquid distributing head for delivering the liquid to the liquid heating chamber nearest said combustion chamber, the said head being adapted to receive liquid from an external source and its inner surface beingdisplaced from but located over the far end of the combustion' chamber to' direct the gases issuing therefrom to the first of the passes, and the said head also being supported by the first of said liquid heatference with the next-succeeding liquid heating? chamber which extends beyond the same and is unattachedthereto.

ALFRED F. SCHUMANN. M

This displacement of 0 7

Images