US2134972A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 1, 1938. R. L. HANEY 2,134,972

GAS BURNER Filed Oct. 23, 1934 Patented Nov. 1, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIE GAS BURNER Roy L. Haney San Francisco, Calif. Application October 23, 1934, Serial No. 749,546 4 Claims. (01. 158106) This invention relates to gas burners and has for its object an improved heating burner especially adapted for industrial use in heating burners and other apparatus, and which will give high efficiency, operate under a great range of gas pressures without danger of backfire, which will be substantially silent in starting as well as during combustion, and in extinguishment. Other advantages are simplicity and low cost of construction, and freedom fro-m upkeep expense.

In the drawing accompanying this specification Fig. 1 is a plan view of a group or battery of my improved burners.

Fig. 2 is an elevation of Fig. 1 shown partly in section and showing the action of the gases.

Fig. 3 is a cross section of a portion of Fig. 1 as taken along the line 33.

The drawing is about half size of a commercial burner, consuming 60 cubic feet of gas per hour at a pressure of 3 inches of water.

Briefly described, my improved gas burner comprises a gaseous fuel supply or burner pipe I with spaced gas outlet nozzles 2, and arranged over and above which outlets are deep refractory blocks 3 provided with Venturi-shaped passageways & centered respectively over the gas openings. The blocks or Venturi tubes of heavy refractory burnt clay or the like are elevated above the outlet nozzles and the latter are of a size,

determined by the gas pressure provided, so that a large amount of primary air is drawn into the Venturi tube in a manner to maintain the lower end of the combustion just above the throat of the Venturi tube as at 5, though the upper part may project considerably above the refractory blocks. The spread of the gas 6 issuing from the nozzles 2 is shown in Fig. 2 and wherein the small arrows indicate the inward and upward rush of primary air.

The refractory blocks are preferably formed in units of four or more Venturi openings in a row, and of heavy walls so as to build up and hold an intense heat during the operation of the burners as I have found this to add greatly to perfect combustion of the gases within. The unit blocks are rectangular with vertical grooves or channels 1 formed along their sides, preferably at points midway between the gas nozzles, and at the ends also by removal of the corners as at l, and each unit is supported above the burner pipe I by flat metal U-shaped brackets 8 preferably welded to the pipe as at 9.

In arranging the units for a large heating area,

- any number of the burner pipes are connected to side branches Ill of a gas supply header pipe Ill as by pipe sleeves or collars II which are threaded right and left at opposite ends l2 so that any of them may easily be removed; Also, the blocks of each run are slightly spaced as 13 so as to provide additional space besides that afforded by the confronting channels I for secondary air which thus ascends upward around all sides of the highly heated refractory blocks to enter the flame just above them.

The Venturi passages are relatively short below the throat or point of constriction and several times this distance to the top of the block as this form has been found to induce the largest amount of primary air and most thorough mixing and preheating before the point of actual combustion 5, though of course the latter will rise and fall with variations in gas pressure. Since the upper portions of the refractory clay blocks are maintained from a dull red to a red heat commencing about half way up the burner, the radiant heat emitted is greately increased.

With burners constructed as above, there is no possibility of backfire or popping, even if the pressure be repeatedly reduced to drop the flames to very small size in contact with the nozzles and then be instantly raised to full pressure, for upon establishing full pressure for which the particular burner is adapted, the flame will quietly rise and enlarge to full volume. In fact a gas pressure just above a half inch of water will maintain the flame well up above the throat of the Venturi tube.

To adapt the burners for various pressures and qualities of gas it is merely necessary to use suitable size nozzles 2 which may be easily screwed in the threaded openings along the burner pipes.

Having thus described my improved gas burner and its advantages, it will be evident that variations may be made within the spirit of the invention and scope of the appended claims.

1. In a gas burner having a row of spaced gas outlet openings, a single, horizontally elongated generally rectangular block of refractory material formed. with a row of vertical through passageways spaced to match said gas outlet openings, and means supporting said block over said gas outlet openings with its passageways respectively aligned thereover and with the block spaced outwardly from and above said openings, said passageways through the block being of Venturi tube form with the throat portion spaced further from the outer side of said block than from the side toward the openings whereby the portion of the block between adjacent passageways will form partition walls therebetween tapering from appreciable thickness at the level of the throat to appreciably reduced thickness at the upper ends of the passageways.

2. In a gas burner, a gas supply pipe with a gas outlet opening, a refractory block having exposed outer sides and formed with a Venturi passageway aligned with said gas outlet opening, forming a combustion chamber and flame discharge nozzle, the throat of the Venturi passageway being adjacent the lower end of said block and several times as far from the upper end as from said lower end, means supporting said block above said outlet with the lower open end of the Venturi passageway spaced a substantial distance above said outlet opening for providing a space between the outlet and lower open end of the Venturi passageway for free access of air directly to the outlet opening at a point outside of said passageway thereto.

3. A gas burner comprising a pair of parallel horizontal pipes each provided with a longitudinally extending row of spaced gas outlet openings in the upper side thereof, a ,pair of horizontally elongated refractoryblocks each being formed with a row of vertically extending passageways therethrough spaced, horizontally for vertical; alignment over the outlet openings of the pipes respectively, means on each pipe independently supporting one of the blocks over each pipe with the passageways aligned over the outlet openings, said passageways in the blocks being of Venturi tube form with the throat portion spaced appreciably further from the upper side of the block than from the side toward the outlet openings, and the outer adjacent side of each block being formed with vertical grooves on the side adjacent the other block to coact with the adjacent side of the other block for providing vertical air passageways between the blocks.

4. In a gas burner having a row of substantially uniformly spaced gas outlet openings, an elongated block of refractory material formed with a row of parallel, elongated, through passageways of generally Venturi-shape in contour in direction longitudinally of the passageways, means supporting said block in a position with said passageways, respectively, disposed lengthwise in axial alignment with the gas outlet openings, the throats of the respective Venturi-shaped passageways being disposed at the ends thereof adjacent said openings whereby the portions of the block disposed between adjacent passageways form partition walls therebetween tapering from appreciable thickness at the throats to appreciably lesser thickness at the ends of the passageways remote from said throats.

ROY L. HANEY.

Images