US1734870A - Radiant-heat oven - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 5, 1929. A. w. MORSE 1,734,870

RADIANT HEAT OVEN Filed Aug. 5, 1926 2 Sheets-Shee l A TTORNE Y Nov. 5, 1929. A. w. MORSE 1,734,870

- RADIANT HEAT OVEN Filed Aug. 5, 1926 2 Sheets-Shee 2 A TTORNE Y haw/W Patented Nov. 5, 1929 ALBERT W. MOBSEQF LQNG ISLAND CITY, NEW YORK RADIANT-HEAT OVEN Application filed August 5, 1926. Serial No. 127,350.

This invention relatestoradiantheat ovens, Fig. 4 is a similar fragmentary sectional and has for its particular object to provide view through an oven of extra length, several an oven which is used for the heat treatment units being connected together in series; of articles by subjecting them to radiant heat Figs. 5 to illustrate diagrammatically 5 caused by an oil burning device which, howvertical sectional views through various types as ever, due to its novel application, has none of ovens showing preferred applications of of the disadvantages associated at times with radiant units thereto; oil burning appliances employed heretofore Fig. 11 shows different cross sectional for such purposes. views of the tube forming part of the radiant 10 It is the principal object of the invention unit; and 60 to duplicate the performance of a heat treat- Figs. 12 and 13 longitudinal sectional views ing oven which is operated by electrical heatof modified shapes of the same.

' ing elements with units which are oil fired, Like characters of reference denote similar whereby the excellent working characteristics parts throughout the several views and the 15 of electrical elements are combined with the following specification. 65 low operating cost of oil fuel. is an oven, mounted upon a base 21, hav- With this end in view, I provide within an ing a door 22. A work chamber 23 forming oven of this kind, oil fired tubes which have the inner part of the oven is lined with re walls adapted to radiate heat within the work fractory material 24 which is surrounded by 20 chamber of the oven, these tubes being in; suitable insulating material 25 and an outer 7 spaced relation to the walls of the work chammetal housing 26 of the oven. ber, so that the greatest amount of heat units Reference to Figs. 1 and 2 shows tothe front from the tubes will be utilized within the of oven 20 suitably attached apreferabl recchamber causing a uniform and highly tangular flange 27. The center of theiange 25 efficient distribution of heat. is threaded at 28 to engage one end of a so-. 7

The radiation from oil fired tubes of this called.-radiant tube 29. The other end of character is as easily controlled as that from the tube 29 projects outwardly of the oven electrical heating elements, while their opthrough its rear and is connected by means crating cost is much less owing to the lower of an elbow 30 to a pipe 31 leading to the at 30 cost of the oil fuel. No products of combusmospliere, stack, or a suitable recuperator.

tion are brought in contact with the work, 32 is a combustion chamber block made of nor can excess air which is liable to chill and fire brick or other refractory material having injure the work be drawn into the work an inwardly diverging circular opening or chamber by the draft or the velocity of burner combustion chamber 33 in its center and in 35 jets or on account of faulty regulation of oil alignment with the radiant tube 29. T he out and air volumes incidental with the prevailside of this block is square shaped and is suring type of oil fired ovens. rounded by asupporting metal shell 34 which Other objects of the invention will become covers the front and sides of the block 32,1eavapparent in the following specification and ing the small end of the combustion chamber 40 the accompanying drawings illustrative of exposed, and which shell is flanged at 35 at preferred embodiments of the same, and in it rear end to lie against and conform to the which outline of the flange 27.

Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of an oven 36 and 37 are tie rods screwed into flange embodying oil fired radiant units; 27 through corresponding holes in the flanged 45 Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical cross sectional portion 35 of the shell 34. Nuts 38 engaging view through the oven and one of the units the threaded ends of the tie rods furnish adalong the plane of line 2-2 in Fig. 1; ditional means besides the usual bolts (not Fig. 3is ahorizontal sectional view through shown) to hold the su porting shell 34 and the oven showing a modified arrangement of with it the block 32 tig tly against the flange 50 radiant units; 27.

39 and 40 are T fittingsengaging, respectively, with their center connections outwardly extending theraded ends of rods 36 and 37.

Midway between the T fittings 39 and 40, and in central alignment with the combustion chamber 33, is an oil burner 41, having an outlet nozzle 42 and a regulating valve 43. This burner is, preferably, of the kind which may use either oil or gas for fuel. Union connections 44 and 45 are interposed between the T fittings 39 and 40 and the burner to facilitate the assembling of the parts. Into the other end of T 39, opposite the one into which union 44 is screwed, is connected a short pipe nipple 46 which in turn is threaded to a stop valve 47 of commercial form for the purpose of regulating the air supply admitted through a pipe 48. The other end of T 40, opposite the one into which union 45 is screwed, is also provided with a short pipe nipple 49 connected to an oil strainer 50 of standard design, another short nipple 51, and a stop valve 52 which regulates the oil admitted through a pipe 53.

The arrangement of parts, exterior of the oven, just explained, is preferably identical with the one disclosed in Patent No. 1,574,839, issued to me on March 2,1926.

In Fig. 2, the radianttube is shown in direct alignment with the combustion chamber and the burner. In the modification illustrated in Fig. 3, however, a plurality of tubes may be connected together by a firing manifold 54 which is in alignment with the combustion chamber 33, the radiant tubes to be connected to this manifold, and their outwardly projectin ends at the rear of the oven, may be connected to a common exhaust manifold 55.

In the variation shown in Fig. 4 part of an oven of especially great length is shown in which a number of radiant tubes 29 are connected in series by means of fittings 56, one branch of each of which is in alignment with a combustion chamber 33 at the side of the oven.

Figs. 5 to 10 show various types of ovens and combinations of radiant tubes to suit different kinds ofwork to be treated at difierent temperatures.

In Fig.1]. are shown various cross sectlons of the radiant tube, round at 29, square at 29*, rectangular at 29", and oval at 29. The longitudinal shape of the tube 29 may be either plain as shown in Figs. 2 to 4, or corrugated as shown in Fig. 12 at 29 or finned as shown at 29 in Fig. 13.

The operation of the device is as follows:

Oil is admitted, under pressure, from supply pipe 53, through valve 52, whence it passes through nipple 51, strainer 50, nipple 49, T fitting 40, and union connection 45 into the burner 41 by Way of regulating valve 43.

Air is admitted, also under pressure, from pipe 48, controlled by valve 47, through nipple 46, T fitting 39, and union connection 44 into the burner 41. The air and oil are thoroughly mixed within the burner 41 and discharged in form of a vapor through nozzle 42 into the combustion chamber 33 where the vapor is ignited b burning waste or other suitable means. he resulting flame is then projected into the tube 29, which becomes incandescent or radiant and radiates heat from all points of its circumference into the work chamber. No products of combustion come in contact with the material being treated in the work chamber, but they are carried off at the far end of the tube either directly to the atmosphere or to a stack or recuperator. Various kinds and forms of heat resisting metal may be used for the tubes, and any suitable sectional shape for the tubes may be employed. By regulating the flame, a greater or lesser degree of radlant heat may be obtained with the same ease with which electrical heating elements are regulated.

Attention is particularly drawn to the fact that transmission of heat is effected entirely by radiation, no flame coming in direct contact with the work, nor is the heat concentrated upon any point. Besides by re ulation of the flame, the heat may be contro led by choice of materials of the tube walls. This enables the use of the highest combustion temperature to obtain the best fuel economy without damage to the product by overheating.

It is also pointed out that the initial cost of an oven made according to the principles of my invention is a very low one, and that it is very economical to maintain, owing to the sim licity of its construction and the cheap fue used. Its working characteristics are practically identical with expensive electrically operated ovens in which electrical elements radiate heat, but its cost of operation is but a fraction thereof.

The particular construction disclosed lends itself especially to ready replacement of heating elements or tubes. If gas be substituted for oil, the manner of operation will be the same as the one described above for oil. 1

It is understood that various changes in the form, proportion and minor details of construction may be resorted to, without departing from the principles or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention, as defined in the appended claims.

\Vhat I claim as new, is:

1. In an oven, a heating element comprising a tube adapted to radiate heat, having means externally of the oven to propagate a flame into the tube at its one end, its other end providing an outlet for the products of combustion, and additional means externally of the oven intermediate between the said ends of the tube to propagate flames into the said tube.

2. A heating element for an oven compris ing an oil burner, a combustion chamber, a

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tube projecwlg tnrongh the oven afiaptei i0 become incandescent for the purpose of moxiatheat, and a flange romovobly secured to the outside of the said oven supporting the 5 said tube chamber and burner, the said tube having one outlet for products of combustion externally of the saic? oven.

In testimony wheyeof I have hereunto set my hand.

w ALDERT "W. MGBSE.

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