US20230279773A1 - Downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus and method - Google Patents

Downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus and method Download PDF

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US20230279773A1
US20230279773A1 US18/040,753 US202118040753A US2023279773A1 US 20230279773 A1 US20230279773 A1 US 20230279773A1 US 202118040753 A US202118040753 A US 202118040753A US 2023279773 A1 US2023279773 A1 US 2023279773A1
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downhole
signal
ground
electromagnetic wave
receiving apparatus
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Zhe Sun
Zedong FENG
Yu He
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Guoyi Petroleum Technology Wuxi Co Ltd
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Guoyi Petroleum Technology Wuxi Co Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/13—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency

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  • the disclosure relates to the field of quantum logging technologies, and is particularly to a downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus and the disclosure further provides a downhole-to-ground logging communication and control method.
  • downhole-to-ground communication is realized through electromagnetic signal transmission, and a ground portion of the downhole-to-ground communication is also an electromagnetic antenna.
  • the sensitivity and accuracy of the EM-MWD are poor, so the transmission depth of the EM-MWD is limited, which typically cannot exceed 3,000 m even if one segment of signal relay is added in the middle.
  • the disclosure provides a downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus, which has the characteristics of high detection sensitivity, wide operation temperature range, low operation energy consumption, small occupied volume, large channel width, high transmission rate and low cost, and has obvious advantages in terms of wireless transmission of downhole-to-ground data communication.
  • a downhole-to-ground quantum logging communication and control apparatus comprises a ground portion and a downhole portion, wherein the ground portion is provided with an atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus and a quantum detection device from which quantum data is read, the downhole portion comprises an electromagnetic wave transmission system, and the electromagnetic wave transmission system is configured for encoding a signal detected from a downhole and transmitting the signal through an electromagnetic wave.
  • the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus and the quantum detection device from which the quantum data is read are connected through a cable, thus ensuring accuracy and reliability of final decoding of data.
  • the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus is a high-sensitivity 87 Rb atomic magnetometer or a diamond quantum magnetometer, a transmission channel of the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus covers 0 Hz to 100 Hz, a detectable magnetic field intensity is as low as a magnitude of 10 ⁇ 12 T, and a background noise is as low as 1 PT/Hz 1/2 , with ultra-high sensitivity and detection signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the electromagnetic wave transmission system is capable of achieving stable signal transmission and detection effects by signal transmission with lower transmission power, thus reducing overall energy consumption of a downhole instrument system;
  • the downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus further comprises a downhole electromagnetic signal repeater, wherein when a linear distance between the electromagnetic wave transmission system and the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus is greater than 4 km, the downhole portion is provided with the downhole electromagnetic signal repeater, and a signal transmitted by the electromagnetic wave transmission system is amplified by the electromagnetic signal repeater and then the amplified signal is transmitted to the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus, so that the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus receives an effective signal, and transmission distance and depth of the whole apparatus are expanded.
  • a downhole electromagnetic signal repeater wherein when a linear distance between the electromagnetic wave transmission system and the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus is greater than 4 km, the downhole portion is provided with the downhole electromagnetic signal repeater, and a signal transmitted by the electromagnetic wave transmission system is amplified by the electromagnetic signal repeater and then the amplified signal is transmitted to the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus, so that the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus receives an effective signal, and transmission distance and depth of the whole apparatus are expanded.
  • a downhole-to-ground logging communication and control method comprising:
  • high-sensitivity detection and receiving are performed on a low-frequency electromagnetic signal through an atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus, with extremely high signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity, thus being suitable for a downhole-to-ground communication field in detection while drilling.
  • An encoding mode of the electromagnetic wave transmission system is set according to requirements, and a transmission frequency of the electromagnetic wave transmission system is within a range of 1 Hz to 100 Hz.
  • the downhole-to-ground quantum logging communication apparatus and method high-sensitivity detection and receiving are performed on the low-frequency electromagnetic signal through the atomic magnetometer, with extremely high signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity, thus having the advantages of higher transmission rate, better stability, greater transmission distance and depth compared with traditional mud pulse and electromagnetic transmission; and the apparatus has the characteristics of high detection sensitivity, wide operation temperature range, low operation energy consumption, small occupied volume, large channel width, high transmission rate and low cost, and has obvious advantages in terms of wireless transmission of downhole-to-ground data communication.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of corresponding data transmission of a method.
  • 10 refers to ground portion
  • 20 refers to downhole portion
  • 1 refers to atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus
  • 2 refers to quantum detection device
  • 3 refers to electromagnetic wave transmission system
  • 4 refers to downhole electromagnetic signal repeater.
  • a ground-to-downhole quantum logging communication and control apparatus as shown in FIG. 1 , comprises a ground portion 10 and a downhole portion 20 .
  • the ground portion 10 is provided with an atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus 1 and a quantum detection device 2 from which quantum data is read
  • the downhole portion 20 comprises an electromagnetic wave transmission system 3
  • the electromagnetic wave transmission system 3 is configured for encoding a signal detected from a downhole and transmitting the signal through an electromagnetic wave.
  • the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus 1 and the quantum detection device 2 from which the quantum data is read are connected through a cable, thus ensuring accuracy and reliability of final decoding of data.
  • the electromagnetic wave transmission system 3 is capable of achieving stable signal transmission and detection effects by signal transmission with lower transmission power, thus reducing overall energy consumption of a downhole instrument system.
  • the apparatus further comprises a downhole electromagnetic signal repeater 4 .
  • a linear distance between the electromagnetic wave transmission system 3 and the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus 1 is greater than 4 km
  • the downhole portion is provided with the downhole electromagnetic signal repeater 4 , and a signal transmitted by the electromagnetic wave transmission system 3 is amplified by the electromagnetic signal repeater 4 and then the amplified signal is transmitted to the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus 1 , so that the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus 1 receives an effective signal, and transmission distance and depth of the whole apparatus are expanded.
  • the distance may be expanded to more than 5 km.
  • a downhole-to-ground logging communication and control method is provided.
  • a downhole electromagnetic wave transmission system encodes and modulates information to be transmitted and transmits the information according to a frequency
  • an electromagnetic wave signal is radiated from a borehole to the ground through a stratum
  • an atomic magnetometer located on the ground detects the electromagnetic wave signal, and records and decodes the electromagnetic wave signal through a corresponding receiving apparatus, thus realizing a downhole-to-ground communication function.
  • high-sensitivity detection and receiving are performed on a low-frequency electromagnetic signal through the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus, with extremely high signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity, thus being suitable for a downhole-to-ground communication field in detection while drilling.
  • An encoding mode of the electromagnetic wave transmission system is set according to requirements, and a transmission frequency of the electromagnetic wave transmission system is generally within a range of 1 Hz to 100 Hz.
  • a working principle of the disclosure is described as follows.
  • high-sensitivity detection and receiving are performed on the low-frequency electromagnetic signal through the atomic magnetometer, with extremely high signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity, thus having the advantages of higher transmission rate, better stability, greater transmission distance and depth compared with traditional mud pulse and electromagnetic transmission.
  • the apparatus has the characteristics of high detection sensitivity, wide operation temperature range, low operation energy consumption, small occupied volume, large channel width, high transmission rate and low cost, and has obvious advantages in terms of wireless transmission of downhole-to-ground data communication.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

A downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus is disclosed, which includes a ground portion (10) and a downhole portion (20), the ground portion (10) is provided with an atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus (1) and a quantum detection device (2) from which quantum data is read, the downhole portion (20) includes an electromagnetic wave transmission system (3) configured for encoding a signal detected from a downhole and transmitting the signal through an electromagnetic wave. The apparatus has the characteristics of high detection sensitivity, wide operation temperature range, low operation energy consumption, small occupied volume, large channel width, high transmission rate and low cost, and has obvious advantages in terms of wireless transmission of downhole-to-ground data communication.

Description

    TECHNICAL FIELD
  • The disclosure relates to the field of quantum logging technologies, and is particularly to a downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus and the disclosure further provides a downhole-to-ground logging communication and control method.
    • BACKGROUND
  • Downhole data of existing logging technology is transmitted to the ground by mud pulse or EM-MWD. According to a working method of the mud pulse, a mud pressure signal in a borehole is encoded while drilling, and information transmission is realized by collecting a change of the mud pressure signal. The transmission rate of this method is very limited, which is generally several bps, and with the increase of a hole depth, the instability of a mud signal is continuously improved, thus rapidly increasing the difficulty of decoding. In addition, mud is the only means to drive a downhole generator, and the pressure encoding of the mud signal will interfere with the work of the generator to a certain extent, resulting in insufficient power of the generator and lowering overall work efficiency. According to the EM-MWD, downhole-to-ground communication is realized through electromagnetic signal transmission, and a ground portion of the downhole-to-ground communication is also an electromagnetic antenna. The sensitivity and accuracy of the EM-MWD are poor, so the transmission depth of the EM-MWD is limited, which typically cannot exceed 3,000 m even if one segment of signal relay is added in the middle.
  • Due to constantly expanded distance and depth of logging, a downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus with higher transmission speed, better stability, and greater transmission distance and depth is needed.
    • SUMMARY
  • Aiming at the above problems, the disclosure provides a downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus, which has the characteristics of high detection sensitivity, wide operation temperature range, low operation energy consumption, small occupied volume, large channel width, high transmission rate and low cost, and has obvious advantages in terms of wireless transmission of downhole-to-ground data communication.
  • A downhole-to-ground quantum logging communication and control apparatus comprises a ground portion and a downhole portion, wherein the ground portion is provided with an atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus and a quantum detection device from which quantum data is read, the downhole portion comprises an electromagnetic wave transmission system, and the electromagnetic wave transmission system is configured for encoding a signal detected from a downhole and transmitting the signal through an electromagnetic wave.
  • Further, the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus and the quantum detection device from which the quantum data is read are connected through a cable, thus ensuring accuracy and reliability of final decoding of data.
  • The atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus is a high-sensitivity 87Rb atomic magnetometer or a diamond quantum magnetometer, a transmission channel of the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus covers 0 Hz to 100 Hz, a detectable magnetic field intensity is as low as a magnitude of 10−12 T, and a background noise is as low as 1 PT/Hz1/2, with ultra-high sensitivity and detection signal-to-noise ratio.
  • When the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus is used as a signal receiving apparatus, the electromagnetic wave transmission system is capable of achieving stable signal transmission and detection effects by signal transmission with lower transmission power, thus reducing overall energy consumption of a downhole instrument system; and
  • The downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus further comprises a downhole electromagnetic signal repeater, wherein when a linear distance between the electromagnetic wave transmission system and the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus is greater than 4 km, the downhole portion is provided with the downhole electromagnetic signal repeater, and a signal transmitted by the electromagnetic wave transmission system is amplified by the electromagnetic signal repeater and then the amplified signal is transmitted to the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus, so that the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus receives an effective signal, and transmission distance and depth of the whole apparatus are expanded.
  • A downhole-to-ground logging communication and control method is provided, comprising:
  • encoding and modulating by a downhole electromagnetic wave transmission system information to be transmitted and transmitting the information according to a frequency so that an electromagnetic wave signal is radiated from a borehole to the ground through a stratum,
  • detecting by an atomic magnetometer located on the ground the electromagnetic wave signal, and recording and decoding the electromagnetic wave signal by a corresponding receiving apparatus, thus realizing a downhole-to-ground communication function.
  • Further, high-sensitivity detection and receiving are performed on a low-frequency electromagnetic signal through an atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus, with extremely high signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity, thus being suitable for a downhole-to-ground communication field in detection while drilling.
  • An encoding mode of the electromagnetic wave transmission system is set according to requirements, and a transmission frequency of the electromagnetic wave transmission system is within a range of 1 Hz to 100 Hz.
  • By using the disclosure, according to the downhole-to-ground quantum logging communication apparatus and method, high-sensitivity detection and receiving are performed on the low-frequency electromagnetic signal through the atomic magnetometer, with extremely high signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity, thus having the advantages of higher transmission rate, better stability, greater transmission distance and depth compared with traditional mud pulse and electromagnetic transmission; and the apparatus has the characteristics of high detection sensitivity, wide operation temperature range, low operation energy consumption, small occupied volume, large channel width, high transmission rate and low cost, and has obvious advantages in terms of wireless transmission of downhole-to-ground data communication.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a brief schematic diagram of a corresponding layout of an apparatus; and
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of corresponding data transmission of a method.
    •  DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
  • 10 refers to ground portion, 20 refers to downhole portion, 1 refers to atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus, 2 refers to quantum detection device, 3 refers to electromagnetic wave transmission system, and 4 refers to downhole electromagnetic signal repeater.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • A ground-to-downhole quantum logging communication and control apparatus, as shown in FIG. 1 , comprises a ground portion 10 and a downhole portion 20. The ground portion 10 is provided with an atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus 1 and a quantum detection device 2 from which quantum data is read, the downhole portion 20 comprises an electromagnetic wave transmission system 3, and the electromagnetic wave transmission system 3 is configured for encoding a signal detected from a downhole and transmitting the signal through an electromagnetic wave.
  • The atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus 1 and the quantum detection device 2 from which the quantum data is read are connected through a cable, thus ensuring accuracy and reliability of final decoding of data.
  • The atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus 1 is a high-sensitivity 87Rb atomic magnetometer or a diamond quantum magnetometer, a transmission channel of the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus covers 0 Hz to 100 Hz, a detectable magnetic field intensity is as low as a magnitude of 10−12 T, and a background noise is as low as 1 PT/Hz1/2, with ultra-high sensitivity and detection signal-to-noise ratio.
  • When the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus 1 is used as a signal receiving apparatus, the electromagnetic wave transmission system 3 is capable of achieving stable signal transmission and detection effects by signal transmission with lower transmission power, thus reducing overall energy consumption of a downhole instrument system.
  • The apparatus further comprises a downhole electromagnetic signal repeater 4. When a linear distance between the electromagnetic wave transmission system 3 and the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus 1 is greater than 4 km, the downhole portion is provided with the downhole electromagnetic signal repeater 4, and a signal transmitted by the electromagnetic wave transmission system 3 is amplified by the electromagnetic signal repeater 4 and then the amplified signal is transmitted to the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus 1, so that the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus 1 receives an effective signal, and transmission distance and depth of the whole apparatus are expanded. The distance may be expanded to more than 5 km.
  • A downhole-to-ground logging communication and control method is provided. When working, a downhole electromagnetic wave transmission system encodes and modulates information to be transmitted and transmits the information according to a frequency, an electromagnetic wave signal is radiated from a borehole to the ground through a stratum, and an atomic magnetometer located on the ground detects the electromagnetic wave signal, and records and decodes the electromagnetic wave signal through a corresponding receiving apparatus, thus realizing a downhole-to-ground communication function.
  • Further, high-sensitivity detection and receiving are performed on a low-frequency electromagnetic signal through the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus, with extremely high signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity, thus being suitable for a downhole-to-ground communication field in detection while drilling.
  • An encoding mode of the electromagnetic wave transmission system is set according to requirements, and a transmission frequency of the electromagnetic wave transmission system is generally within a range of 1 Hz to 100 Hz.
  • A working principle of the disclosure is described as follows. According to the downhole-to-ground quantum logging communication apparatus and method, high-sensitivity detection and receiving are performed on the low-frequency electromagnetic signal through the atomic magnetometer, with extremely high signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity, thus having the advantages of higher transmission rate, better stability, greater transmission distance and depth compared with traditional mud pulse and electromagnetic transmission. The apparatus has the characteristics of high detection sensitivity, wide operation temperature range, low operation energy consumption, small occupied volume, large channel width, high transmission rate and low cost, and has obvious advantages in terms of wireless transmission of downhole-to-ground data communication.
  • It is apparent for those skilled in the art that the disclosure is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the disclosure can be realized in other specific forms without departing from the gist or basic characteristics of the disclosure. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as being exemplary and non-limiting from any point of view, and the scope of the disclosure is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, so that it is intended to comprise all changes falling within the meaning and range of equivalent elements of the claims. Any reference numerals in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.
  • In addition, it should be understood that although the description is described according to the embodiments, each embodiment does not contain only one independent technical solution. The narration mode of the description is only for purpose of clarifying, and those skilled in the art should take the description as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be combined appropriately to form other embodiments that may be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (8)

What is claimed is:
1. A downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus, comprising a ground portion and a downhole portion, wherein the ground portion is provided with an atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus and a quantum detection device from which quantum data is read, the downhole portion comprises an electromagnetic wave transmission system, and the electromagnetic wave transmission system is configured for encoding a signal detected from a downhole and transmitting the signal through an electromagnetic wave.
2. The downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus and the quantum detection device from which the quantum data is read are connected through a cable.
3. The downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus is a high-sensitivity 87Rb atomic magnetometer or a diamond quantum magnetometer, a transmission channel of the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus covers 0 Hz to 100 Hz, a detectable magnetic field intensity is as low as a magnitude of 10−12 T, and a background noise is as low as 1 PT/Hz1/2, with ultra-high sensitivity and detection signal-to-noise ratio.
4. The downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus according to claim 3, wherein when the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus is used as a signal receiving apparatus, the electromagnetic wave transmission system is capable of achieving stable signal transmission and detection effects by signal transmission with lower transmission power, thus reducing overall energy consumption of a downhole instrument system.
5. The downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a downhole electromagnetic signal repeater, wherein when a linear distance between the electromagnetic wave transmission system and the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus is greater than 4 km, the downhole portion is provided with the downhole electromagnetic signal repeater, and a signal transmitted by the electromagnetic wave transmission system is amplified by the electromagnetic signal repeater and then the amplified signal is transmitted to the atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus.
6. A downhole-to-ground logging communication and control method, comprising:
encoding and modulating by a downhole electromagnetic wave transmission system information to be transmitted and transmitting the information according to a frequency so that an electromagnetic wave signal is radiated from a borehole to the ground through a stratum,
detecting by an atomic magnetometer located on the ground the electromagnetic wave signal, and recording and decoding the electromagnetic wave signal by a corresponding receiving apparatus, thus realizing a downhole-to-ground communication function.
7. The downhole-to-ground logging communication and control method according to claim 6, wherein high-sensitivity detection and receiving are performed on a low-frequency electromagnetic signal through an atomic magnetometer receiving apparatus, with extremely high signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity, thus being suitable for a downhole-to-ground communication field in detection while drilling.
8. The downhole-to-ground logging communication and control method according to claim 6, wherein an encoding mode of the electromagnetic wave transmission system is set according to requirements, and a transmission frequency of the electromagnetic wave transmission system is within a range of 1 Hz to 100 Hz.
US18/040,753 2021-04-16 2021-07-26 Downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus and method Pending US20230279773A1 (en)

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CN202110411350.7A CN113073974A (en) 2021-04-16 2021-04-16 Logging communication and control device and method from underground to ground
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PCT/CN2021/108395 WO2022217779A1 (en) 2021-04-16 2021-07-26 Downhole-to-ground logging communication and control apparatus and method

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CN113216942A (en) * 2021-04-16 2021-08-06 国仪石油技术(无锡)有限公司 Ground-to-underground quantum well logging communication and control device and method
CN117538346A (en) * 2024-01-08 2024-02-09 四川阳光墨新科技有限公司 Concrete structure crack detection method based on quantum detection technology

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