CN101441253A - High-sensitivity atomic magnetometer - Google Patents
High-sensitivity atomic magnetometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101441253A CN101441253A CNA2008101630099A CN200810163009A CN101441253A CN 101441253 A CN101441253 A CN 101441253A CN A2008101630099 A CNA2008101630099 A CN A2008101630099A CN 200810163009 A CN200810163009 A CN 200810163009A CN 101441253 A CN101441253 A CN 101441253A
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-NJFSPNSNSA-N Rubidium-87 Chemical group [87Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A high-sensitivity atom magnetometer for measuring extremely weak magnetic field consists of laser source, a weak magnetic field probe and a signal detector; the three parts are connected by laser paths to form the integral of the high-sensitivity atom magnetometer. The high-sensitivity atom magnetometer, which can survey the weak magnetic field through measuring the variation of the intensity of the transmission laser which is caused by the combined function of laser, atomic air and weak field, has the advantages of high sensitivity, simple structure, friendly interface, low power consumption, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnetic-field measurement instrument, especially can measure the extremely instrument of Weak magentic-field.
Background technology
In modern science and technology, the detection of Weak magentic-field is a very important technology.The information of space magnetic field has very important use, for example: space and near surface detection, military technology, industrial detection, human magnetic field's detection etc.Use more Weak magentic-field measuring instrument to mainly contain proton-precession magnetometer, optically pumped magnetometer and low-temperature superconducting quantum interference magnetometer etc. at present.The insufficient sensitivity height that above-mentioned magnetic-field measurement technology has, the device that has are too complicated, thereby have limited its usable range.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the complicated and limited problem of sensitivity of existing Weak magentic-field surveying instrument device, the invention provides a kind of novel high-sensitivity atomic magnetometer.This instrument not only possesses very high sensitivity, and device is simple, power consumption is little.
The invention provides a kind of high-sensitivity atomic magnetometer, constitute, connect, constitute the integral body of high-sensitivity atomic magnetometer by laser optical path by LASER Light Source 1, low-intensity magnetic field probe 2 and 3 three parts of signal sensor; Described LASER Light Source 1, adopt frequency stabilized semiconductor laser output with circularly polarized laser alkali metal atom ground state transition frequency resonance, constitute by laser instrument 4, laser control circuit 5 and quarter-wave plate 6; Described low-intensity magnetic field probe 2 is made of glass envelope 7 that comprises the alkaline metal saturated vapour and modulation coil 8, and the glass envelope 7 that comprises the alkaline metal saturated vapour places treats measuring magnetic field; Described signal sensor 3, adopt electrooptical device 9 that the laser signal that sees through glass envelope 7 is converted to electric signal, adopt the Autocorrelation Detection technology of modulation and demodulation that electric signal is handled simultaneously, use a computer then electric signal is gathered automatically, handled and exports; Constitute by electrooptical device 9, lock-in amplifier 10 and data acquisition, treatment facility 11.
The measuring method of atom magnetometer provided by the invention is: will comprise the glass envelope 7 of alkaline metal saturated vapour and even heating thereof on every side and keep constant temperature, and place and treat measuring magnetic field; Open laser control circuit 5 earlier, regulate the electric current and the temperature of laser diode, make the Wavelength stabilized of semiconductor laser 4, the quarter-wave plate 6 of applicable wavelengths is vertically placed the laser beam direction, the relative angle of regulating wave plate makes that transmitted light is a circularly polarized light; On modulation coil 8, add sinusoidal alternating current, regulate light path, make circularly polarized light vertically by atomic gas bubble 7; And use 9 pairs of transmitted light intensities of high sensitivity silicon photoelectric diode to survey, the signal of photodiode is imported lock-in amplifier 10 carry out Autocorrelation Detection, and the output signal input computing machine 11 of lock-in amplifier is gathered, handled and finally output.
The working mechanism of atom magnetometer provided by the present invention is: when resonance laser passes through alkali metal atom gas, caused the atomic population transfer under horizontal Weak magentic-field effect to be measured, thereby changed the absorptivity of atomic gas to laser intensity.Obtain the signal of Weak magentic-field by the variation of measuring transmission laser intensity.
Advantage of the present invention is: one, device is simple, only needs LASER Light Source, low-intensity magnetic field probe and three parts of photodetector; Two, highly sensitive, this is because the level population number of alkali metal atom is very responsive to the variation in magnetic field, and the level population number is very big to the absorptivity influence of incident laser; Three, objective interface close friend owing to give full play to the advantage of computer software and hardware in data acquisition and processing (DAP), makes objective interface and powerful.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the general structure synoptic diagram of atom magnetometer provided by the present invention
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of laser light source part
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of low-intensity magnetic field probe segment
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of signal sensor part
Fig. 5 is the computer program interface among the embodiment
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
High-sensitivity atomic magnetometer overall construction drawing such as Fig. 1 comprise that laser light source part 1, low-intensity magnetic field probe segment 2 and 3, three parts of input part connect by laser optical path, constitute the integral body of high-sensitivity atomic magnetometer.The structural drawing of laser light source part 1 such as Fig. 2 comprise semiconductor laser 4, laser control circuit 5 and quarter-wave plate 6; The structural drawing of low-intensity magnetic field probe segment 2 such as Fig. 3 comprise alkali metal atom bubble 7 and modulation coil 8; The structural drawing of input part 3 such as Fig. 4 comprise photoelectric commutator 9, lock-in amplifier 10 and data acquisition, treatment facility 11; Fig. 5 is the computer program interface among the embodiment.
Alkali metal atom adopts rubidium-87 atom among the embodiment, and rubidium atomic gas bubble 7 is of a size of φ 40 * 50mm, with evenly heating and constant temperature to 73.2 ℃ around it, and places and treats measuring magnetic field.In use, open laser control circuit 5 earlier, the electric current of regulating laser diode is 77.78mA, and temperature is 21.03 ℃, makes the Wavelength stabilized to 794.8nm of semiconductor laser 4, and beam diameter is φ=5mm, and output power decays to 0.35mW; With applicable wavelengths is that the quarter-wave plate 6 of 794.8nm vertically places the laser beam direction, regulates the relative angle to 76 ° of wave plate 6, makes that transmitted light is a circularly polarized laser; Adding frequency 157.4Hz, peak-peak value are the sinusoidal alternating current of 10.0mA on modulation coil 8; Regulate light path, make circularly polarized laser vertically by rubidium atomic gas bubble 7, and use 9 pairs of transmitted light intensities of high sensitivity silicon photoelectric diode to survey, the signal input lock-in amplifier 10 of photodiode is carried out Autocorrelation Detection, and the output signal input computing machine 11 of lock-in amplifier is gathered, handled and finally output.The output result as shown in Figure 5.
Claims (5)
1. a high-sensitivity atomic magnetometer is characterized in that: be made of LASER Light Source (1), low-intensity magnetic field probe (2) and (3) three parts of signal sensor, connect by laser optical path, constitute the integral body of high-sensitivity atomic magnetometer; Described LASER Light Source (1), adopt frequency stabilized semiconductor laser output with circularly polarized laser alkali metal atom ground state transition frequency resonance, by laser instrument (4), laser control circuit (5) and quarter-wave plate (6) formation; Described low-intensity magnetic field probe (2) is made of glass envelope that comprises the alkaline metal saturated vapour (7) and modulation coil (8), and the glass envelope (7) that comprises the alkaline metal saturated vapour places transverse magnetic field to be measured; Described signal sensor (3), adopt electrooptical device (9) that the laser signal that sees through gas foam (7) is converted to electric signal, adopt the Autocorrelation Detection technology of modulation and demodulation that electric signal is handled simultaneously, use a computer then electric signal is gathered automatically, handled and exports; Constitute by electrooptical device (9), lock-in amplifier (10) and data acquisition, treatment facility (11).
2. according to the atom magnetometer described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: the wavelength of laser instrument (4) is corresponding with certain alkali-metal resonant frequency, and quarter-wave plate (6) is used to produce circularly polarized light.
3. according to the atom magnetometer described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that: alkaline metal adopts rubidium-87 atom, and rubidium atomic gas bubble (7) is of a size of Φ 40 * 50mm.
4. according to the atom magnetometer described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: electrooptical device (9) is the high sensitivity photodiode.
5. according to the atom magnetometer described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: described atomic magnetic force instrument measurement method is: will comprise the glass envelope (7) of alkaline metal saturated vapour and even heating thereof on every side and keep constant temperature, and place and treat measuring magnetic field; Open laser control circuit (5) earlier, regulate electric current, the temperature of laser diode, make the Wavelength stabilized of external cavity semiconductor laser (4), the quarter-wave plate (6) of applicable wavelengths is vertically placed the laser beam direction, and the relative angle of regulating wave plate (6) makes that transmitted light is a circularly polarized laser; Go up the adding sinusoidal alternating current at modulation coil (8), regulate light path, make circularly polarized laser vertically by atomic gas bubble (7); And use high sensitivity silicon photoelectric diode (9) that transmitted light intensity is surveyed, the signal input lock-in amplifier (10) of photodiode is carried out Autocorrelation Detection, and the output signal input computing machine (11) of lock-in amplifier is gathered, handled and finally output.
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CN103576721A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-02-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Non-magnetic heating temperature control system |
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CN103744034A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-23 | 浙江大学 | Difference method for improving sensitivity and absolute precision of CPT (Coherent Population Trapping) atom magnetometer |
CN103869265A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-06-18 | 北京大学 | Atom magnetic sensor for optical pump magnetometer |
CN103869264A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-06-18 | 北京大学 | Atom magnetic sensor for optical pump magnetometer |
CN103901924A (en) * | 2014-03-08 | 2014-07-02 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Non-magnetic temperature control device based on light heating |
CN103969604A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-06 | 华南师范大学 | Radio-frequency atom magnetometer and method for measuring nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal by same |
CN104335060A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2015-02-04 | 德克萨斯仪器股份有限公司 | Micro-fabricated atomic magnetometer and method of forming |
CN104698410A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2015-06-10 | 北京大学 | Atomic magnetic sensor for magnetometer and method of removing detection dead zones of magnetometer |
CN104698404A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2015-06-10 | 北京大学 | Atomic magnetic sensor applied to full-optical optical pump magnetometer |
CN105487022A (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-13 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Magnetism measurement device,gas cell and manufacture method for the same |
CN106932737A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-07-07 | 上海理工大学 | Increase the atomic magnetic force transducer production method of material processing based on film layer |
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CN107656219A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2018-02-02 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | A kind of rubidium atom magnetometer |
CN108693490A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-10-23 | 中国科学技术大学 | magnetic field intensity measuring device and method |
CN108919146A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-11-30 | 浙江大学 | A kind of Cs atom magnetometer |
CN109358302A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-02-19 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | It is a kind of without passive magnetic screen atomic magnetic force counter device and survey magnetism method |
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