US20230243603A1 - Heat sink structure with heat pipe - Google Patents

Heat sink structure with heat pipe Download PDF

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Publication number
US20230243603A1
US20230243603A1 US18/064,293 US202218064293A US2023243603A1 US 20230243603 A1 US20230243603 A1 US 20230243603A1 US 202218064293 A US202218064293 A US 202218064293A US 2023243603 A1 US2023243603 A1 US 2023243603A1
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Prior art keywords
copper
heat pipe
aluminum fin
aluminum
fin assembly
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US18/064,293
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English (en)
Inventor
Sheng-Huang Lin
Yuan-Yi Lin
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Asia Vital Components Co Ltd
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Asia Vital Components Co Ltd
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Assigned to ASIA VITAL COMPONENTS CO., LTD. reassignment ASIA VITAL COMPONENTS CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LIN, SHENG-HUANG, LIN, Yuan-yi
Publication of US20230243603A1 publication Critical patent/US20230243603A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0233—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes the conduits having a particular shape, e.g. non-circular cross-section, annular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
    • F28F3/027—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements with openings, e.g. louvered corrugated fins; Assemblies of corrugated strips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0275—Arrangements for coupling heat-pipes together or with other structures, e.g. with base blocks; Heat pipe cores
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F28F1/325—Fins with openings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/085—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from copper or copper alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0028—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cooling heat generating elements, e.g. for cooling electronic components or electric devices
    • F28D2021/0029—Heat sinks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/12—Fins with U-shaped slots for laterally inserting conduits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat sink, and more particularly, to a heat sink structure with heat pipe, which includes a copper embedding layer provided on areas of an aluminum fin assembly to be connected to other members of the heat sink structure, so that the aluminum fin assembly can be directly connected with copper heat pipes via welding without the need of electroless nickel plating.
  • Heat sinks or radiation fins are usually used with an electronic element or in a system to dissipate heat produced by the element or the system through heat exchange.
  • the radiation fins show relatively high heat dissipation efficiency.
  • thermal resistance includes the thermal spreading resistance in the radiation fins and the convection thermal resistance between the radiation fin surface and the atmospheric environment.
  • some more efficient heat dissipation systems use a combination of high-conductivity heat pipes and fins of heat sink to effectively solve the problem of heat dissipation.
  • a thermal module with heat pipe includes at least one heat pipe and a plurality of spacedly arranged fins, and any two adjacent fins together define a flow passage between them.
  • the fins are respectively provided with a through hole, an upper bent edge and a lower bent edge.
  • the through holes on the fins are aligned with one another.
  • the upper and the lower bent edges are respectively provided with at least one fastening section.
  • the fins are sequentially fastened to one another through connection of the fastening sections on one fin to the fastening sections on another adjacent fin to thereby form a heat sink having fins or a heat dissipation fin assembly, and all the upper bent edges and the lower bent edges of the fins together constitute a top surface and a bottom surface, respectively, of the heat sink or the heat dissipation fin assembly.
  • each of the through holes on the fins is provided with a flange, which is projected from one side to another opposite side of the fin.
  • the heat pipe has a first end that extends through the through holes and is surrounded by the flanges.
  • a second end of the heat pipe extends through the bottom surface of the heat sink or the heat dissipation fin assembly or through a base thereof.
  • the through holes on the fins and the first end of the heat pipe are connected to one another mostly by tight fit or loose fit.
  • the flanges of the through holes respectively have an inner diameter slightly smaller than an outer diameter of the first end of the heat pipe, so that an interference fit is formed between the flanges and the first end of the heat pipe.
  • the fins can be heated to expand the inner surfaces of the flanges and then let them cool after the heat pipe is fully extended through the through holes. At this point, the inner diameter of the cooled flanged is naturally reduced to its original size for the flanges to tightly fit around the heat pipe.
  • the flange has an inner diameter slightly larger than an outer diameter of the first end of the heat pipe and a medium, such as a thermal glue, a thermal paste, or a tin solder rod, is provided between the through holes on the fins and the heat pipe for gap filling.
  • a medium such as a thermal glue, a thermal paste, or a tin solder rod
  • One of the ways to set the medium is to place it between inner surfaces of the flanges of the through holes and the outer surface of the first end of the heat pipe.
  • Another way is to form a filler hole at an edge of the through holes for receiving the medium therein.
  • the medium is heated to melt and evenly distribute between the outer surface of the heat pipe and the inner surfaces of the flanges of through holes.
  • the tight fit can also be realized by providing a corrugated structure around the flanges by compressing the flanges with a tightening device.
  • the corrugated structure includes a plurality of protrusions and dents, which are continuously and alternately arrayed along a circumferential surface of the flanges to apply a radially inward force on the heat pipe, causing the outer surface of the heat pipe to deform, so that interference fit is formed between the deformed outer surface of the heat pipe and the flanges with the corrugated structure, enabling the flanges and the heat pipe to tightly connected to one another.
  • aluminum material having light weight and low cost is usually selected for forming the fins, the heat sink, and the base of the heat sink, while other metal materials with high thermal conductivity, such as brass, aluminum, nickel and stainless steel, are selected for forming the heat pipe.
  • the copper When the surface of the aluminum has fully molten in the welding operation, the copper is still in a solid phase.
  • the copper when the copper is molten, the aluminum has long been molten and could not co-exist with the molten copper in the eutectic state to further increase the difficulty of welding operation.
  • the copper material and the aluminum material all have good heat conductivity, the metal in the weld pool crystallizes quickly, which prevents the reaction gas used in pyrometallurgy from timely escaping from the weld pool to form air pores in the weld joint easily. Therefore, the copper material and the aluminum material could not be directly welded together.
  • the surface of the aluminum material must be modified to enable subsequent welding of the aluminum material to the copper material or other metal materials.
  • electroless nickel plating is one of the technical means adopted for aluminum surface modification.
  • electroless nickel plating can be classified into three types, namely, low, middle and high phosphorus electroless nickel plating.
  • the electroless nickel plating is particularly different from the electroplating in that it is performed in a working environment without electric current and uses reducing agent in the plating solution to reduce metal ions.
  • a specimen surface Prior to the electroless nickel plating, a specimen surface must be catalyzed. There are three types of electroless nickel plating solution.
  • the first type contains activator, sensitizer, and an acidic plating bath having a pH value between 4 and 6, and is characterized in that less loss in chemical composition is caused by evaporation; this type of electroless nickel plating solution requires a relatively higher operating temperature, but is considerably safe for use and easy to control; and it has high phosphorus content and high plating rate and is often used in the industrial field.
  • the second type contains activator, sensitizer, and a basic plating solution or bath having a pH value between 8 and 10. Since the ammonia solution used to adjust the pH value of the plating bath is volatile, it must be replenished timely to maintain stable pH value of the plating bath; this type of electroless nickel plating solution has less phosphorus content, is less stable and needs only a lower operating temperature.
  • HPM means a mixture of hydrochloric acid and peroxide.
  • DI deionized
  • H 2 O 2 hydrogen peroxide
  • HCl hydrogen Chloride
  • Electroless nickel plating requires a large quantity of chemical reaction liquid during the process and produces a large quantity of industrial liquid waste containing heavy metals or chemical substances after the process.
  • Industrial liquid waste generates a large amount of wastewater that contains toxicants, such as yellow phosphorus.
  • concentration of yellow phosphorus thereof reaches 50 ⁇ 390 mg/L.
  • Yellow phosphorus is highly toxic, and its existence in human body would badly endanger liver and other organs. Drinking phosphorus-containing water for a long time would result in osteoporosis to cause different diseases, such as mandible necrosis.
  • a primary object of the present invention is to provide a heat sink structure with heat pipe, which includes a copper embedding layer formed on areas of an aluminum fin assembly that are to be connected to other members of the heat sink structure made of a metal material different from aluminum, such as copper heat pipes, so that the aluminum fin assembly and the copper heat pipes made of dissimilar metal materials can be directly welded to one another without the need of first performing an electroless nickel plating on the aluminum fin assembly. In this manner, no toxic substance would be produced and can therefore ensure environmental protection; and the problem of eutectic as found in the prior art can be improved.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat sink structure with heat pipe including an aluminum fin assembly, areas on which for connecting to a copper heat pipe and/or a copper base are respectively provided with a copper embedding layer, so that the aluminum fin assembly can be directly welded to the copper heat pipe or the copper base via the copper embedding layer without the need of electroless nickel plating.
  • it is able to reduce an overall weight of the heat sink structure and to reduce thermal resistance at connecting joints between the aluminum fin assembly and the copper heat pipe and/or the copper base while upgrade the heat transfer efficiency of the heat sink structure.
  • the present invention provides a heat sink structure with heat pipe, which includes at least one aluminum fin assembly and at least one copper heat pipe.
  • the aluminum fin assembly has a bottom surface and a top surface. Any two adjacent aluminum fins together define a flow passage between them.
  • the bottom surface is provided with at least one groove, which has an open side and a groove inner surface.
  • the aluminum fins are respectively provided with at least one through hole that extends through the aluminum fin in a thickness direction thereof, and the through holes respectively include a flange, which is projected from one side of the aluminum fin and internally defines a flange inner surface.
  • the groove inner surface and the flange inner surfaces which are areas of the aluminum fin assembly for connecting to other members of the heat sink structure, are respectively provided with a copper embedding layer.
  • the copper embedding layer includes a deepening surface and a connecting surface. The deepening surface bonds to and deeply penetrates into the groove inner surface and the flange inner surfaces, respectively.
  • the at least one copper heat pipe has a first end and a second end extended through the through holes and the groove on the aluminum fin assembly, respectively.
  • the first end is connected to the through holes and the flanges by loose fit, and is in contact with and connected to the connecting surface of the copper embedding layer on the flange inner surfaces by welding, and the second end is in contact with and connected to the connecting surface of the copper embedding layer on the groove inner surface also by welding.
  • the second end of the at least one copper heat pipe has an exposed surface exposed from the open side of the groove; and a contact surface in contact with and connected to the connecting surface of the copper embedding layer provided on the groove inner surface.
  • the bottom surface is another area of the aluminum fin assembly to be connected to other members of the heat sink structure and has the copper embedding layer provided thereon.
  • FIGS. 1 A and 1 B are exploded and assembled bottom perspective views, respectively, of a heat sink structure with heat pipe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 C is an assembled top perspective view of the heat sink structure with heat pipe according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 D shows an outermost fin of an aluminum fin assembly included in the present invention is turned inside out to connect to other fins
  • FIG. 2 A is a sectional view of the aluminum fin assembly in the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 B is a sectional view showing the connecting of the aluminum fin assembly with a copper heat pipe
  • FIGS. 3 A and 3 B show the aluminum fin assembly before and after being provided with a copper embedding layer.
  • FIGS. 1 A and 1 B are exploded and assembled bottom perspective views, respectively, of a heat sink structure 10 with heat pipe according to the present invention
  • FIG. 1 C is an assembled top perspective view of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 D shows an outermost fin of an aluminum fin assembly included in the present invention is turned inside out to connect to other fins
  • FIG. 2 A is a sectional view of the aluminum fin assembly in the present invention
  • FIG. 2 B is a sectional view showing the connecting the aluminum fin assembly with a copper heat pipe.
  • the heat sink structure 10 includes an aluminum fin assembly 11 and at least one copper heat pipe 121 .
  • the aluminum fin assembly 11 has a bottom surface 113 and a top surface 116 .
  • each groove 115 On the bottom surface 113 , there is provided at least one groove 115 . In the illustrated preferred embodiment, two grooves 115 are shown. Every groove 115 has an open side 1151 located flush with the bottom surface 113 and a groove inner surface 1152 recessed from the bottom surface 113 . The bottom surface 113 and the groove inner surfaces 1152 are areas on the aluminum fin assembly 11 to be connected to other copper parts as will be described in detail later.
  • the aluminum fin assembly 11 is formed of a plurality of fins 111 sequentially fastened to one another in a horizontal direction or a vertical direction, and any two adjacent fins 111 define a flow passage 117 between them.
  • the fins 111 are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • every aluminum fin 111 has an upper bent edge 1111 and a lower bent edge 1112 , which are projected from one side of the aluminum fin 111 to align with the upper bent edge 1111 and the lower bent edge 1112 of another adjacent aluminum fin 111 .
  • the upper bent edge 1111 and the lower bent edge 1112 are respectively provided with at least one fastening section 11111 , 11121 .
  • the fastening sections 11111 , 11121 are snap-fit structures.
  • the aluminum fins 111 are sequentially horizontally connected to one another by snap fitting the fastening sections 11111 , 11121 of one aluminum fin 111 to the fastening sections 11111 , 11121 on another adjacent aluminum fin 111 to thereby form a heat sink structure with snap-fitted fins.
  • the upper bent edges 1111 together form the top surface 116 of the aluminum fin assembly 11
  • the lower bent edges 1112 together form the bottom surface 113 of the aluminum fin assembly 11
  • the lower bent edge 1112 of every aluminum fin 111 is provided with at least one downward opened recess.
  • the aluminum fins 111 are sequentially fastened together, the downward opened recesses are aligned with one another to constitute the groove 115 on the bottom surface 113 .
  • the aluminum fins 111 are respectively provided with at least one through hole 114 , which extend through the aluminum fin 111 in a thickness direction thereof and are aligned with one another. Every through hole 114 has a flange 1141 formed around a rim thereof and projected from one side of the aluminum fin 111 .
  • the flanges 1141 are projected from a front side of the aluminum fins 111 .
  • the flanges 1141 respectively define a flange inner surface 1143 .
  • the aluminum fin assembly 11 may be otherwise formed by sequentially vertically fastening the aluminum fins 111 to one another. As can be seen in FIG. 1 D , an outermost aluminum fin 111 of the aluminum fin assembly 11 is turned inside out when being connected to an adjacent aluminum fin 111 , so that no upper bent edge 1111 and lower bent edge 1112 would expose to outside and undesirably scratch other members of the heat sink structure 10 .
  • each of the copper heat pipes 121 includes a first end 1211 and a second end 1212 .
  • the first ends 1211 are extended through the through holes 114 and connected to the flanges 1141 through loose fit. That is, the flange inner surfaces 1143 of the flanges 1141 respectively have an inner diameter slightly larger than an outer diameter of the first ends 1211 of the copper heat pipes 121 .
  • the second ends 1212 are extended to the bottom surface 113 of the aluminum fin assembly 11 and through the grooves 115 .
  • the second ends 1212 of the copper heat pipes 121 respectively have an exposed surface 12121 corresponding to the open side 1151 of the groove 115 and a contact surface 12122 facing toward the groove inner surface 1152 .
  • every copper heat pipe 121 has a U-shaped section 1213 formed between the first end 1211 and the second end 1212 to extend from the first end 1211 to the second end 1212 .
  • the first end 1211 and the second end 1212 of each copper heat pipe 121 serve as a condensation end and an evaporation end, respectively.
  • the copper heat pipe 121 also has at least one wick structure and a working fluid provided therein.
  • the at least one wick structure may be, for example, a plurality of grooves, a powder sintered structure, a mesh structure, a fibrous structure, a corrugated plate, or any combination thereof extended in the copper heat pipe 121 from the first end 1211 to the second end 1212 .
  • the first end 1211 is round in cross section while the second end 1212 is D-shaped or flat in cross section. That is, the exposed surface of the second end 1212 is a flat surface formed by, for example, pressing with a tool or milling with a milling cutter and is located flush with the bottom surface 113 of the aluminum fin assembly 11 .
  • the first end 1211 and the second end 1212 can be the same in cross section, such as a round or a flat cross section.
  • FIGS. 3 A and 3 B show the aluminum fin assembly 11 before and after being provided with a copper embedding layer 14 . Please refer to FIGS. 3 A and 3 B along with FIGS. 1 A, 1 B, 2 A and 2 B .
  • a copper embedding layer 14 is provided at areas of the aluminum fin assembly 11 corresponding to the flange inner surfaces 1143 , the groove inner surfaces 1152 and the bottom surface 113 , at where the aluminum fin assembly 11 is to be connected to other members of the heat sink structure 10 .
  • the copper embedding layer 14 includes a deepening surface 141 and a connecting surface 142 , which are located at two opposite sides of the copper embedding layer 14 .
  • the deepening surface 141 bonds or grips to, is embedded or buried in, or is deposited on the flange inner surfaces 1143 , the groove inner surface 1152 and the bottom surface 113 ; and the connecting surface 142 is an exposed surface of the copper embedding layer 14 for contacting with and connecting to other members of the heat sink structure 10 .
  • the copper embedding layer 14 can be copper sheet, copper foil, copper powder/granules, or liquid copper applied to the flange inner surfaces 1143 , the groove inner surfaces 1152 and the bottom surface 113 through mechanical processing, such as pneumatic pressing, hydraulic pressing, stamping, oil pressing, extruding, or hammering; or through surface finishing, such as spraying, electroplating or printing; or through chemical processing, such as electroplating or anodizing.
  • mechanical processing such as pneumatic pressing, hydraulic pressing, stamping, oil pressing, extruding, or hammering
  • surface finishing such as spraying, electroplating or printing
  • chemical processing such as electroplating or anodizing.
  • a part of the copper embedding layer 14 directly grips to, is embedded or buried in, deeply penetrates into, or is deposited on the flange inner surfaces 1143 , the groove inner surface 1152 and the bottom surface 113 to form the deepening surface 141 of the copper embedding layer 14 .
  • the copper embedding layer 14 is not only connected at the connecting surface 142 to the flange inner surfaces 1143 , the groove inner surface 1152 and the bottom surface 113 , but also has the deepening surface 141 gripped to, embedded or buried in, or deposited on the flange inner surfaces 1143 , the groove inner surface 1152 and the bottom surface 113 to form a foundation of the copper embedding layer 14 , which increases the binding strength between the copper embedding layer 14 and the flange inner surfaces 1143 , the groove inner surface 1152 and the bottom surface 113 and prevent the copper embedding layer 14 from peeling off or separating from the flange inner surfaces 1143 , the groove inner surface 1152 and the bottom surface 113 .
  • the through holes 114 on the aluminum fin assembly 11 can be in contact with and connected to the first ends 1211 or the copper heat pipes 121 via the connecting surface 142 of the copper embedding layer 14 on the flange inner surfaces 1143 for example by welding; and the grooves 115 on the aluminum fin assembly 11 can be in contact with and connected to the contact surfaces 12122 of the second ends 1212 of the copper heat pipes 121 via the connecting surface 142 of the copper embedding layer 14 on the groove inner surfaces 1152 . More specifically, for example, solder can be used between the connecting surface 142 of the copper embedding layer 14 and the contact surfaces 12122 of the copper heat pipes 121 to weld them to one another.
  • the connecting surface 142 of the copper embedding layer 14 and the contact surfaces 12122 of the copper heat pipes 121 can be connected together by supersonic welding or laser welding.
  • the aluminum fin assembly 11 can be directly welded to the copper heat pipes 121 made of a dissimilar metal material without the need of electroless nickel plating.
  • the bottom surface 113 of the aluminum fin assembly 11 may be optionally connected to a heat conducting base made of a copper-based material, such as pure copper or any copper alloy.
  • the heat conducting base can be a solid base plate or a hollow vapor chamber internally provided with a working fluid.
  • the bottom surface 113 can be connected, such as by welding, to the copper-based heat conducting base via the connecting surface 142 of the copper embedding layer 14 , while the exposed surfaces at the second ends 1212 of the copper heat pipes 121 can also be directly connected, such as by welding, to the copper-based heat conducting base.
  • the aluminum fin assembly 11 With the copper embedding layer 14 , the aluminum fin assembly 11 can be directly welded to the copper-based heat conducting base made of a dissimilar metal material without the need of electroless nickel plating. Thus, no toxic substances would be produced in the manufacturing process of the heat sink structure 10 to ensure good environmental protection and the problem of forming eutectic as found in the prior art is also improved.
  • the copper embedding layer 14 is formed on the groove inner surfaces 1152 and the bottom surface 113 .
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the bottom surface 113 of the aluminum fin assembly 11 may be provided at a substantially central area with one single groove 115 having flat and straight groove inner surfaces 1152 , on which the copper embedding layer 14 is formed; and there is a plurality of copper heat pipes 121 (for example, three copper heat pipes 121 ), second ends 1212 of which are extended through the groove 115 and arranged side by side.
  • the second ends 1212 respectively have a rectangular cross section, such that the contact surfaces 12122 of the second ends 1212 of the copper heat pipes 121 together form a common plane corresponding to the flat and straight groove inner surface 1152 .
  • the contact surfaces 12122 are in contact with and connected to the connecting surface 142 of the copper embedding layer 14 by, for example, welding, ultrasonic welding, or laser welding.
  • the exposed surfaces 12121 of the second ends 1212 of the copper heat pipes 121 together form another common plane, which is in contact with an upper surface of a heat-producing element, such as a central processing unit or a microprocessor.
  • the two copper heat pipes 121 are extended from the same side into the aluminum fin assembly 11 .
  • the heat sink structure 10 can include a plurality of copper heat pipes 121 and the aluminum fin assembly 11 is formed with through holes and grooves 115 respectively in a number the same as the copper heat pipes 121 ; and the copper heat pipes 121 can be arranged at staggered or non-staggered locations and extended into the aluminum fin assembly 11 from two opposite sides thereof to upgrade the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat sink structure 10 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
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