US20220289668A1 - N-formylhydroxylamines as neprilysin (nep) inhibitors, in particular as mixed aminopeptidase n (apn) and neprilysin (nep) inhibitors - Google Patents

N-formylhydroxylamines as neprilysin (nep) inhibitors, in particular as mixed aminopeptidase n (apn) and neprilysin (nep) inhibitors Download PDF

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US20220289668A1
US20220289668A1 US17/625,054 US202017625054A US2022289668A1 US 20220289668 A1 US20220289668 A1 US 20220289668A1 US 202017625054 A US202017625054 A US 202017625054A US 2022289668 A1 US2022289668 A1 US 2022289668A1
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Hervé Poras
Marie-Claude Fournie-Zaluski
Bernard Roques
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Kos Therapeutics Inc
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Pharmaleads SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C259/00—Compounds containing carboxyl groups, an oxygen atom of a carboxyl group being replaced by a nitrogen atom, this nitrogen atom being further bound to an oxygen atom and not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C259/04—Compounds containing carboxyl groups, an oxygen atom of a carboxyl group being replaced by a nitrogen atom, this nitrogen atom being further bound to an oxygen atom and not being part of nitro or nitroso groups without replacement of the other oxygen atom of the carboxyl group, e.g. hydroxamic acids
    • C07C259/06—Compounds containing carboxyl groups, an oxygen atom of a carboxyl group being replaced by a nitrogen atom, this nitrogen atom being further bound to an oxygen atom and not being part of nitro or nitroso groups without replacement of the other oxygen atom of the carboxyl group, e.g. hydroxamic acids having carbon atoms of hydroxamic groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/16—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids
    • A61K31/165—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids having aromatic rings, e.g. colchicine, atenolol, progabide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/22—Anxiolytics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/24—Antidepressants

Definitions

  • the invention pertains to novel N-formylhydroxylamine derivatives and the use thereof as mixed neprilysin (NEP) inhibitors, and advantageously as mixed inhibitors of NEP and aminopeptidase N (APN), enzymes involved in the degradation of enkephalins, notably in the treatment of pain.
  • NEP mixed neprilysin
  • APN aminopeptidase N
  • the largest category of metalloproteins is constituted of zinc enzymes. Over the last few years, substantial proof has been built up involving Zn2+ enzymes in the physiopathology and pathogenesis of a wide variety of human disorders ranging from infections to cancer.
  • Zn 2+ metalloproteases represent an important group of hydrolases involved in numerous physiological regulation processes such as respiration, arterial pressure, intestinal transit, the sensation of pain or the sensation of well-being, maintaining the reorganisation of the extracellular matrix at the level of joints, angiogenesis, homeostasis of proteins essential for cerebral activity, the control of hydric and caloric equilibria, etc. These enzymes are responsible, either for the maturation (formation of an active molecule from an inactive precursor), or for the inactivation (formation of inactive metabolites from an active molecule) of peptides or proteins.
  • enkephalins peptides involved in the control of pain
  • peptides involved in the control of pain may be cited, which are degraded into inactive peptides by two zinc metalloproteases, neutral aminopeptidase (APN) (Meek J. L. et al. (1977), Neuropharmacology, 16, 151-154) and neprilysin (NEP) (Malfroy B. et al. (1978), Nature, 276, 523-526).
  • APN neutral aminopeptidase
  • NEP neprilysin
  • the general characteristic of zinc metalloproteases is the presence of at least one Zn 2+ cation, indispensable for the hydrolase activity of the enzyme.
  • the Zn 2+ ion is essential for the catalytic activity of these enzymes and is situated at the level of the active site of the enzyme, participating directly in the catalytic mechanism through an interaction with the substrate molecule undergoing transformation.
  • the change of coordination of Zn 2+ is seemingly responsible for a change of conformation of the protein which induces an inhibition of activity of the enzyme.
  • the conventional structure of an inhibitor of these zinc metallo-enzymes contains a group which is a good chelator of Zn 2+ and which is capable of behaving like a monodentate or as a bidentate with respect to Zn 2+ , in order to lead to enzyme-inhibitor complexes wherein the Zn 2+ will be tetra-coordinated or penta-coordinated.
  • compounds comprising Zn 2+ chelating groups may be envisaged as NEP enzyme inhibitors, and even advantageously as mixed APN and NEP enzyme inhibitors, which, by completely protecting the endogenous enkephalins from the enzymatic degradation thereof, thus make it possible to reveal the pharmacological activities, in particular analgesics and antidepressants, of enkephalins (Noble et al. (2007) Expert. Opin. Ther. Targets, 11, 145-149).
  • the objective of the invention is to provide compounds capable of efficiently chelating Zn 2+ ions and of interacting with the different sub-sites of NEP enzymes, and in an advantageous manner also capable of interacting with the enzymatic sub-sites of APN and having the beneficial properties of morphine substances in particular analgesia, behavioural effects (reduction in the emotional component of pain and anti-depressive responses) without their drawbacks (addiction, physical and psychic dependency, respiratory depression, constipation). Furthermore, it would be advantageous that the compounds have beneficial peripheral effects (anti-inflammatory and neuropathic pain) without the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the invention pertains to compounds having the following generic formula (I):
  • R 1 represents a linear or branched hydrocarbon group comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, non-substituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from:
  • the compounds of formula (I) of the present invention comprise a N-formyl hydroxylamine H—CO—N(OH)— function as ligand of Zn 2+ , capable of behaving like a bidentate with regard to catalytic Zn 2+ .
  • the present invention also relates to a compound of following formula (II):
  • R represents:
  • the invention also relates to compounds of formula (I) or compounds of formula (II) such as described above, providing that the R group in the compounds of formula (II) is a labile group in physiological conditions, for the use thereof as medicine, in particular as analgesic, anxiolytic, antidepressant or anti-inflammatory.
  • the invention also pertains to pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one compound of formula (I) or compounds of formula (II) according to the present invention, providing that the R group in the compounds of formula (II) is a labile group in physiological conditions.
  • the invention also pertains to pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one compound of formula (I) or compounds of formula (II) such as described above, providing that the R group in the compounds of formula (II) is a labile group in physiological conditions, and at least one compound selected from morphine and derivatives thereof, endocannabinoids and inhibitors of their metabolism, GABA derivatives such as gabapentin or pregabalin, duloxetine or channel inhibitors such as Nav 1.7 inhibitors.
  • the invention relates to the pharmaceutical compositions such as described above for the use thereof as analgesic, anxiolytic, antidepressant or anti-inflammatory.
  • the present invention pertains to a method for preparing a compound of formula (I) and a compound of formula (II) according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the effect of intravenous coadministration of THC and compound Ib-1 solubilised in (EtOH/Tween 80/Water) (1/1/8) as vehicle in a hot plate test on mice.
  • the grey bar corresponds to the analgesic response (10%) following the injection of the compound Ib-1 uniquely (at a level of 10 mg/kg)
  • the checkered bar corresponds to the analgesic response (12%) following the injection of THC uniquely (at a level of 0.375 mg/kg)
  • the bar comprising horizontal lines corresponds to the analgesic response (65%) following the injection of the compound Ib-1 in association with the compound Ib-1 (at a level of 10 mg/kg of 1 b-1 for 0.375 mg/kg of THC).
  • hydrocarbon group designates an alkyl group, an alkenyl group or an alkynyl group such as defined hereafter.
  • Alkyl group is taken to designate, within the meaning of the present invention, a saturated hydrocarbon chain, linear or branched.
  • methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, iso-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl or hexyl groups may be cited.
  • Alkenyl group is taken to designate, within the meaning of the present invention, a hydrocarbon chain, linear or branched, comprising one or more double bonds.
  • ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl or hexenyl groups may be cited.
  • Alkynyl group is taken to designate, within the meaning of the present invention, a hydrocarbon chain, linear or branched, comprising at least one triple bond.
  • ethynyl or propynyl groups may be cited.
  • the hydrocarbon group advantageously comprises from 1 to 6 carbon atoms if it is an alkyl group and from 2 to 6 carbon atoms if it is an alkenyl or alkynyl group.
  • “Cycloalkyl” is taken to designate, within the meaning of the present invention, a saturated hydrocarbon ring advantageously comprising 5 or 6 carbon atoms, in particular the cyclohexyl or cyclopentyl group.
  • “Cycloheteroalkyl” is taken to designate, within the meaning of the present invention, a saturated hydrocarbon ring advantageously comprising 5 or 6 carbon atoms wherein one or more carbon atoms, advantageously 1 to 2, are each replaced by a heteroatom selected from sulphur, nitrogen and oxygen atoms.
  • Heteroalkyl is taken to designate, within the meaning of the present invention, an alkyl group such as defined above wherein one or more carbon atoms, advantageously 1 to 2, are each replaced by a heteroatom selected from sulphur, nitrogen and oxygen atoms.
  • Aryl is taken to designate, within the meaning of the present invention, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, preferably comprising from 6 to 10 carbon atoms and comprising one or more fused rings. It is advantageously a phenyl or naphthyl group, preferably a phenyl.
  • Arylalkyl is taken to designate, within the meaning of the present invention, an alkyl group such as defined above, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms, preferably 1 or 2, borne by the same carbon or by several different carbon atoms, are replaced by an aryl group such as defined above. It is advantageously a benzyl group.
  • Heteroaryl is taken to designate, within the meaning of the present invention, an aromatic group advantageously comprising 5 or 6 atoms, wherein one or more carbon atoms, advantageously 1 to 2, are each replaced by a heteroatom selected from sulphur, nitrogen and oxygen atoms.
  • heteroaryl groups are furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, quinolyl, quinoxalyl or indolyl groups.
  • it is a thienyl group, as isostere of the phenyl group.
  • Heteroarylalkyl is taken to designate, within the meaning of the present invention, an alkyl group such as defined above, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms, preferably 1 or 2, borne by the same carbon or by several different carbon atoms, are replaced by a heteroaryl group such as defined above.
  • halogen designates chlorine, bromine, iodine and fluorine.
  • it is an atom of fluorine, bromine or chlorine.
  • it is an atom of fluorine or bromine, and preferably fluorine.
  • “Unsaturated” is taken to designate, within the meaning of the present invention, that the hydrocarbon chain may comprise one or more unsaturation(s), advantageously one.
  • “Unsaturation” is taken to designate, within the meaning of the present invention, a double or a triple carbon-carbon bond (C ⁇ C or C ⁇ C).
  • Stepoisomer is taken to designate, within the meaning of the present invention, a geometric isomer or an optical isomer.
  • Geometric isomers result from the different position of substituents on a double bond, which may then have a Z or E configuration.
  • Optical isomers notably result from the different position in space of substituents on a carbon atom comprising 4 different substituents. This carbon atom then constitutes a chiral or asymmetric centre.
  • Optical isomers comprise diastereoisomers and enantiomers.
  • Optical isomers which are mirror images of each other but not superimposable are designated “enantiomers”.
  • Optical isomers which are neither superimposable nor mirror images of each other are designated “diastereoisomers”.
  • racemic mixture A mixture containing equal quantities of two individual enantiomer forms of opposite chirality is designated “racemic mixture”.
  • Chiral group is taken to designate, within the meaning of the present invention, a group which is not superimposable on its mirror image.
  • Such a chiral group could comprise in particular an asymmetric carbon atom, that is to say a carbon atom substituted by four different substituents (including hydrogen).
  • “Absolute configuration” is taken to designate, within the meaning of the present invention, the spatial arrangement of the atoms or chemical groups around the asymmetric carbon atom to which these atoms and chemical groups are bound.
  • the two possible absolute configurations of an asymmetric carbon are noted S and R.
  • Enantioselective synthesis is taken to designate, within the meaning of the present invention, synthesis leading to a single enantiomer of the synthesised molecule being obtained.
  • N-formylation reaction designates a reaction in the course of which a nitrogen atom of an organic compound is substituted by a formyl —CHO group.
  • peptide coupling agent designates an organic reagent capable of activating the carboxylic acid function of an organic compound in order that the latter can form a peptide bond with a terminal amine function of another organic compound.
  • the coupling agents the most commonly used include HATU ((dimethylamino)-N,N-dimethyl(3H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yloxy)methaniminium hexafluorophosphate), TBTU (2-(1H-benzotriazole-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethylaminium tetrafluoroborate), BOP (benzotriazol-1-yloxytris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate), PyBOP (benzotriazol-1-yl-oxytripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate), HOBt (hydroxybenzotriazole) or carbodiimides,
  • “Labile group in physiological conditions” is taken to designate, within the meaning of the present invention, a chemical group, generally a protective group for example a hydroxyl, amine or acid function, which will be removed in physiological conditions when they penetrate into the body.
  • a chemical group generally a protective group for example a hydroxyl, amine or acid function, which will be removed in physiological conditions when they penetrate into the body.
  • the acid pH of the stomach would be responsible for the deprotection of said labile group.
  • the compounds of the invention may be in the form of pharmaceutically acceptable salts, or a solvate thereof.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable is taken to designate that which is useful in the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition which is generally safe, non-toxic and which is acceptable for veterinary use as well as human pharmaceutical use.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable salts” of a compound is taken to designate salts that are pharmaceutically acceptable, as defined here, and which have the desired pharmacological activity of the parent compound.
  • Such salts comprise:
  • the compounds of formula (I) are in the form of addition salts obtained with pharmacologically acceptable organic or inorganic bases or with a metal ion, such as an alkaline or alkaline-earth metal ion.
  • Organic bases are for example diethanolamine, ethanolamine, N-methylglucamine, triethanolamine and tromethamine.
  • Inorganic bases are for example aluminium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide.
  • the solvates acceptable for the therapeutic use of the compounds of the invention comprise conventional solvates such as those formed during the final step of the preparation of the compounds on account of the potential presence of solvents.
  • R 1 advantageously represents a linear or branched hydrocarbon group comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms substituted by one or more groups selected from:
  • R 1 advantageously represents a linear or branched hydrocarbon group comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, non-substituted or substituted by an aryl, itself non-substituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from halogens such as fluorine and bromine, a phenyl group, a benzyl group, an OR 4 group, R 4 being selected from hydrogen and a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof.
  • R 1 represents a linear or branched hydrocarbon group comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, substituted by an aryl, itself non-substituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from halogens such as fluorine and bromine, a phenyl group, a benzyl group, an OR 4 group, R 4 being selected from hydrogen and a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof.
  • halogens such as fluorine and bromine
  • R 4 being selected from hydrogen and a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof.
  • R 1 represents a hydrocarbon group, preferably a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 carbon atom, substituted by an aryl, preferably a phenyl group, itself non-substituted or substituted by a phenyl group.
  • the carbon bearing R 1 has an absolute configuration (R) or (S), preferably (R).
  • R 2 advantageously represents:
  • R 2 advantageously represents:
  • R 2 represents a linear or branched hydrocarbon group comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, non-substituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from:
  • R 2 represents a hydrocarbon group, preferably an alkyl group, linear or branched comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, non-substituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from:
  • R 2 represents a hydrocarbon group, preferably an alkyl group, linear or branched comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, non-substituted or substituted by an aryl, itself non-substituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from halogens, such as fluorine and bromine, an OR 5 group, R 5 having the same definition as above, and combinations thereof.
  • the radical R 2 represents a hydrocarbon group, preferably an alkyl group, linear or branched comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, non-substituted or substituted by an aryl, itself non-substituted.
  • the aryl group is a phenyl group.
  • the radical R 2 represents an alkyl group, linear or branched comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 carbon atom, non-substituted or substituted by a phenyl.
  • the carbon bearing R 2 has an absolute configuration (R) or (S), preferably (S).
  • R 3 advantageously represents an OR 7 group, R 7 being selected from:
  • R 3 represents an OR 7 group, R 7 being selected from:
  • R 3 represents an OH group.
  • R 1 represents a hydrocarbon group, notably an alkyl group, linear or branched comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, substituted by an aryl, preferably a phenyl, itself non-substituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from fluorine, bromine, a phenyl group, a benzyl group, an OR 4 group, R 4 being selected from hydrogen and a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof, preferably by a phenyl group,
  • R 2 represents a hydrocarbon group, preferably an alkyl group, linear or branched comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, non-substituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from:
  • the compound of formula (I) according to the present invention is a compound wherein:
  • the present invention also relates to a compound of following formula (II):
  • R represents:
  • R represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, non-substituted or substituted by an aryl group, preferably a phenyl, or R represents a Si(R 10 ) 3 group, R 10 being preferably a methyl.
  • R represents a benzyl group.
  • R is a labile chemical group such as defined previously
  • the compound (II) is transformed into compound (I) when it penetrates into the body under the action of the physiological conditions suited to the deprotection of the R group.
  • the compound (II) then constitutes a prodrug of the compound (I).
  • the compounds of the present invention of formula (I) or formula (II), providing that the R group is a labile group under physiological conditions, may be used as medicine. More specifically, these compounds may be employed to prepare pharmaceutical compositions comprising as active ingredient at least one of the compounds described above in combination with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. Said excipients are chosen according to the desired pharmaceutical form and mode of administration from among the normal excipients which are known to those skilled in the art.
  • the compounds of the present invention inhibiting jointly the enzymatic activities responsible for the degradation of enkephalins, they increase their extracellular endogenous levels and turn out to be in this respect efficient analgesics and/or antidepressants.
  • the analgesic effects of the compounds manifest themselves on various types of pain, acute or chronic, such as the post-operatory, cancerous, traumatological pain, headaches, migraines, visceral, neurogenic, neuropathic, neuro-anti-inflammatory, nociceptive pain or general pain such as fibromyalgia.
  • pain examples include mechanical pain (for example muscular pain, vascular ischemia), pain caused by shingles, cancerous pain linked to the cancer itself or to the consequences of treatments, pain associated with anti-inflammatory or degenerative diseases (for example, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, gout), pain linked to type 1 and 2 diabetes, pain linked to migraines, facial neuralgia, headaches, pain linked to disorders of the peripheral nerves, dorsal-lumbar neuralgia, cervical-brachial, dental pain, pain linked to burns, sunburn, bites or stings, pain linked to infections, metabolic disorders (diabetes, alcoholism), nerve compressions (slipped discs, carpal tunnel, fibrosis, etc.), fractures, burns, haematomas, cuts and inflammations, visceral pain (intestinal, caused by anti-inflammatory diseases of the intestine and functional intestinal disorders, by urinary cholecystitis, such as renal colic, cystitis, genital, such as dysmen
  • the compounds of the present invention do not have the major drawbacks of morphine based substances (tolerance, physical dependency, respiratory depression, nausea, sedation, constipation, etc.).
  • the compounds of the present invention of formula (I) or formula (II), providing that the R group is a labile group under physiological conditions and the pharmaceutical compositions containing it may be useful for at least one use selected from the following uses: analgesic, anxiolytic, antidepressant or anti-inflammatory.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of compounds of formula (I) or formula (II), such as defined above, provided that the R group is a labile group under physiological conditions and the pharmaceutical compositions containing it for the production of a analgesic, anxiolytic, antidepressant or anti-anti-inflammatory medicine, more specifically a medicine intended for the treatment of pain.
  • the pain may notably be chronic or acute pain such as defined above.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for treating pain, notably chronic or acute pain such as defined above, comprising the administration to a patient having need of an effective dose of the compound of formula (I) or formula (II) according to the invention, providing that the R group is a labile group under physiological conditions or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and/or solvate thereof or a composition according to the invention, preferably by parenteral route, oral route or nasal route.
  • the patient (suffering from pain, notably chronic or acute pain such as defined above) is typically an animal, preferably a mammal, advantageously it is a human.
  • the compounds of the present invention may be used alone or in combination with compounds known for the antinociceptive properties thereof. This combination may enable potentialisation of the pharmacological effects, especially since known antinociceptive compounds generally have undesirable secondary effects at strong doses.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions comprise as active ingredient at least one of the compounds of the present invention in combination with at least one antinociceptive and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • the antinociceptives may be selected from:
  • compositions of the present invention comprise as active ingredient at least one of the compounds of the present invention in combination with THC.
  • the present invention relates to a kit comprising:
  • the kit according to the present invention is notably used as analgesic, anxiolytic, antidepressant or anti-inflammatory, in particular for the treatment of pain, typically chronic or acute pain such as defined above.
  • compositions according to the invention may be administered by parenteral route, such as by intravenous or intradermic route, or by topical, oral or nasal route.
  • Administrable forms by parenteral route comprise aqueous suspensions, isotonic saline solutions or sterile and injectable solutions which may contain dispersion agents and/or pharmacologically compatible wetting agents.
  • Administrable forms by oral route comprise tablets, soft or hard capsules, powders, pills, oral solutions and suspensions.
  • Administrable forms by nasal route comprise aerosols.
  • Administrable forms by topical route include patches, gels, creams, ointments, lotions, sprays, eye drops.
  • the effective dose of a compound of the invention varies as a function of numerous parameters such as, for example, the chosen administration route, the weight, the age, the sex, the state of advancement of the pathology to treat and the sensitivity of the individual to treat.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for preparing a compound of formula (I) and a compound of formula (II) according to the present invention, said method comprising the following successive steps:
  • R, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , n and m are such as defined above, in the presence of a peptide coupling agent, such as TBTU, HATU, EDC, HOBt, BOP, PyBOP, DCC or combinations thereof, leading to the formation of a compound of formula (II) such as defined above, (b) deprotection of the compound of formula (II) derived from step (a) to lead to a compound of formula (I).
  • a peptide coupling agent such as TBTU, HATU, EDC, HOBt, BOP, PyBOP, DCC or combinations thereof
  • the compounds of formula (I) have potentially from 1 to 3 asymmetry centres.
  • the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3 will typically be introduced in such a way as to obtain optically pure sequences corresponding to a stereochemistry recognised for interactions with the active sites of the enzymes concerned.
  • the compound of formula II may be obtained by means of the following synthesis steps:
  • hydroxylamine VI corresponds to benzylhydroxylamine.
  • R, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , n and m are such as defined above.
  • the coupling agent used is TBTU.
  • the reaction is carried out in the presence of DIEA (diisopropylethylamine) in an aprotic polar solvent, such as the DMF.
  • DIEA diisopropylethylamine
  • the compound IV is enantiomerically pure.
  • the carbon bearing the R 2 group has a resolved absolute configuration and advantageously corresponds to the absolute configuration (S).
  • the method for preparing a compound of formula I comprises the following steps:
  • R 2 is such as defined above and OP is a precursor of R 3
  • P may for example be identical to R.
  • P may be a benzyl group, leading to the formation of a compound of following formula IX:
  • Step (b′) of transformation of the OP group precursor of R 3 into an R 3 group takes place according to methods well known to those skilled in the art. It involves, for example, a deprotection, oxidation or reduction step.
  • step (c′) is not necessary. This situation arises notably when R 3 is equal to OH, notably when P and R are both a benzyl, removed for example by a hydrogenation reaction.
  • Step (b) corresponds to a step of deprotection of the amine bearing the OR group to lead to the compound of formula I, wherein said amine bears an OH group.
  • the compound I is obtained in the form of at least 2 diastereoisomers.
  • the diastereoisomers are separated according to methods well known to those skilled in the art, typically by preparative or semi-preparative HPLC, to obtain a compound I in diastereoisomerically pure form wherein the carbons bearing R 1 , R 2 and optionally R 8 or R 9 (according to the definition of R 3 ) are resolved and of respective absolute configuration optimising the properties of the compounds of the invention.
  • the carbon bearing R 1 is of absolute configuration (R) or (S), preferably (R)
  • the carbon bearing R 2 is of absolute configuration (S).
  • the carbon bearing R 8 or R 9 is of absolute configuration (R) or (S).
  • the compound of formula I may correspond to the following two diastereoisomers:
  • R 3 preferably represents OH.
  • the compounds of formula (II) may also be synthesised in an enantioselective manner by means of Oppolzer's auxiliary (Heravi M & Zadsirjan V (2014), Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, 1061-1090) according to the following steps:
  • the acrylic acids V are commercially available or instead synthesised as described in Organic Syntheses, (1955) coll. Vol. 3, p. 377; (1945) vol. 25, p. 42.
  • the absolute configuration of the carbon bearing R 1 was defined after separation of the 2 diastereoisomers Ia and analysis by NMR of the proton of the chemical displacement of the CH 3 group, by applying the rule established by Fournie-Zaluski et al. in J Med Chem (1986), 29, 751-753.
  • Benzylhydroxylamine VIa (4 eq) reacts with acrylic acid V at 50° C. for 8 h. The mixture is taken up in AcOEt. Excess benzylhydroxylamine is eliminated by washing with 1N HCl. The organic phase is washed with a saturated solution of NaCl, dried on Na 2 SO 4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The oil is triturated in ether to give the solid compound VIIa.
  • the acid VIIa is solubilised at 0° C. in formic acid.
  • Acetic anhydride is added at 0° C. and the mixture is stirred for 3h at 0° C.
  • the mixture is taken up in ether then the mixture is evaporated to dryness to give the acid IIIa which is used as such for the following step.
  • the acid IIIa and the amino acid salt, benzylic ester (1.2 eq) IV are solubilised in DMF at 0° C.
  • TBTU (1.2 eq) and DIEA (3 eq) are added and the mixture is stirred for 15 min at ambient temperature.
  • the DMF is evaporated under reduced pressure and the mixture is taken up in AcOEt.
  • the organic phase is washed with a 10% aqueous solution of citric acid, a saturated solution and is dried on Na 2 SO 4 .
  • the crude mixture is purified by semi-preparative HPLC on Kromasil C18 column, 21.2 ⁇ 250 mm with CH 3 CN/H 2 O (0.05% TFA) 65/35 as elution system to give the compound IIa.
  • Step 4 Deprotection of the Compound IIa and Separation of the Diastereoisomers I for which R 3 ⁇ OH
  • the compound IIa is solubilised in MeOH. Pd/C is added and the mixture is placed under hydrogen atmosphere for 2h at ambient temperature. The conversion is followed by HPLC. The Pd/C is filtered on Celite. The solvent is evaporated under reduced pressure to give a mixture which is purified by semi-preparative HPLC, on Kromasil C18 column, 21.2 ⁇ 250 mm with CH 3 CN/H 2 O (0.05% TFA) 35/65 as elution system to separate the 2 diastereoisomers I.
  • Step 2 Synthesis of the Adduct 2-benzylacrylic Acid-(1R)-(+)-2,10-Camphorsultam Xia
  • Step 3 Synthesis of the Adduct 2-benzyl-3-(benzyloxyamino) propanoic Acid-(1R)-(+)-2,10-Camphorsultam XIIa
  • the compound XIa (1.05 g, 2.9 mmol) is solubilised in 10 mL of CH 2 Cl 2 .
  • Benzylhydroxylamine VIa (864 mg, 7 mmol, 2.4 equiv) is added and the mixture is heated to reflux for 24 h.
  • the mixture is diluted with CH 2 Cl 2 and with water.
  • the organic phase is washed with 1N HCl, H 2 O, a saturated solution of NaCl, dried on Na 2 SO 4 then evaporated to dryness to give 1.45 g of a colourless oil.
  • the compound XIIa (700 mg, 1.45 mmol) is solubilised in 30 mL of THF. 6 mL of 1N LiOH are added and the mixture is stirred at 55° C. for 48h. The mixture is acidified to pH 1-2 by 1N HCl. The THF is evaporated to dryness and the mixture is taken up in AcOEt. The organic phase is washed with H 2 O, a saturated solution of NaCl, dried on Na 2 SO 4 then evaporated to dryness to give 400 mg of a slightly yellow oil. The product is purified on silica column with CH 2 C12/MeOH 9/1 as elution system to give 174 mg of the compound XIIIa-1 (Yd: 44.0%) as oil which crystallises.
  • the acid XIIIa-1 (12 mg, 0.042 mmol) is solubilised at 0° C. in formic acid (1 mL), Acetic anhydride (0.5 mL) is added at 0° C. and the mixture is stirred for 4h at 0° C. The mixture is taken up in dichloromethane and water. The organic phase is washed with a saturated solution of NaCl, dried on Na 2 SO 4 and is evaporated to dryness to give the acid IIIa-1 (13 mg, Yd: 100%) in the form of a colourless oil which is used as such for the following step.
  • the acid IIIa-1 (13 mg, 0.042 mmol), described previously and the salt of the benzylic ester of (S)-Alanine (11 mg, 0.054 mmol, 1.3 eq) are solubilised in 1 mL of DMF at 0° C., TBTU (12 mg, 0.052 mmol, 1.3 eq) and DIEA (22 ⁇ L, 0.126 mmol, 3 eq) are added and the mixture is stirred for 15 min at ambient temperature. The DMF is evaporated under reduced pressure and the mixture is taken up in AcOEt. The organic phase is washed with a 10% aqueous solution of citric acid, a saturated solution and is dried on Na 2 SO 4 .
  • the absolute configuration of the carbon bearing the benzyl group is defined by NMR analysis, by applying the rule established by Fournie-Zaluski et al. in J Med Chem (1986), 29, 751-753.
  • the claimed inhibitors were tested on different Zn 2+ peptidases representative of this family of enzymes, capable of inhibiting them, such as type 1 neprilysin (E.C.3.4.24.11, NEP-1), neutral aminopeptidase (E.C.3.4.11.2, APN) and LTA4H.
  • type 1 neprilysin E.C.3.4.24.11, NEP-1
  • neutral aminopeptidase E.C.3.4.11.2, APN
  • LTA4H LTA4H.
  • the assays are carried out on 99 well plates in the presence of fluorigenic substrates specific for each enzyme.
  • the inhibitors are pre-incubated, in increasing concentrations, with the enzyme for 10 min, at 37° C.
  • the substrate is then added and the mixture is incubated for 30 to 60 min at 37° C.
  • the reaction is stopped at 4° C. and the reading of the fluorescence emitted is done by reading the Berthold Twinkle LS970B plate.
  • Neprilysin purified from rabbit kidney (Aubry M et al. (1987), Biochem Cell Biol 65, 398-404), is used at final 200 ng/mL in 50 mM Tris buffer pH 7.4.
  • the substrate, dansyl-Gly-(NO 2 )Phe- ⁇ -Ala (Goudreau N et al. (1994), Anal Biochem, 219, 87-95) (Km 37 ⁇ M)
  • Increasing concentrations (from 10 ⁇ 10 to 10 ⁇ 3 M) of inhibitors are pre-incubated for 15 min at 37° C. with NEP in 50 mM Tris buffer, pH 7.4.
  • the substrate is next added and the incubation is continued for 60 min.
  • the reaction is stopped by placing the plate in ice for 10 min.
  • the measurement of the inhibition of aminopeptidase N is carried out by use of the substrate L-Ala ⁇ -NA (50 ⁇ M, Sigma Aldrich).
  • FIG. 1 shows that the intravenous association of THC and the compound Ib-1 at inactive doses in this test induces a considerable synergic analgesic effect, 10 min after injection, in the hot plate test on male OF1 mice.

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US17/625,054 2019-07-05 2020-07-06 N-formylhydroxylamines as neprilysin (nep) inhibitors, in particular as mixed aminopeptidase n (apn) and neprilysin (nep) inhibitors Pending US20220289668A1 (en)

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FR1907537A FR3098217B1 (fr) 2019-07-05 2019-07-05 N-Formylhydroxylamines en tant qu’inhibiteurs mixtes de l’aminopeptidase N (APN) et de la néprilysine (NEP)
PCT/FR2020/051190 WO2021005294A1 (fr) 2019-07-05 2020-07-06 N-formylhydroxylamines en tant qu'inhibiteurs de la neprilysine (nep), en particulier en tant qu'inhibiteurs mixtes de l'aminopeptidase n (apn) et de la neprilysine (nep)

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