US20220186999A1 - Refrigerant condition detection device, refrigerant condition detection method, and temperature control system - Google Patents
Refrigerant condition detection device, refrigerant condition detection method, and temperature control system Download PDFInfo
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- US20220186999A1 US20220186999A1 US17/593,141 US202017593141A US2022186999A1 US 20220186999 A1 US20220186999 A1 US 20220186999A1 US 202017593141 A US202017593141 A US 202017593141A US 2022186999 A1 US2022186999 A1 US 2022186999A1
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 257
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
- F25B6/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
- F24F11/36—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to leakage of heat-exchange fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
- F24F11/38—Failure diagnosis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/49—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring ensuring correct operation, e.g. by trial operation or configuration checks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/04—Condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
- F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/16—Receivers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/22—Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids
- F25B2500/222—Detecting refrigerant leaks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/24—Low amount of refrigerant in the system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/195—Pressures of the condenser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2103—Temperatures near a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
- F25B2700/21161—Temperatures of a condenser of the fluid heated by the condenser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
- F25B2700/21163—Temperatures of a condenser of the refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser
Definitions
- the second cooling fluid flow device 22 has a pump 22 A.
- a flow rate of the second cooling fluid to be supplied to the second condensing part 122 can be regulated.
- a cooling capacity of the refrigerant in the second condensing part 122 can be regulated.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
A refrigerant condition detection device (40A) according to an embodiment includes: a temperature information acquisition unit (41) that acquires a temperature of a refrigerant flowing out from the condenser of a refrigeration circuit having a compressor, the condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator, and also acquires a temperature of a cooling fluid before it cools the refrigerant in the condenser; and a refrigerant condition determination unit (42) that determines that a leakage or shortage of the refrigerant occurs, when a difference between the temperature of the refrigerant and the temperature of the cooing fluid, which are acquired by the temperature information acquisition unit (41), exceeds a threshold value previously recorded.
Description
- The present invention relates to a refrigerant condition detection device, a refrigerant condition detection method, and a temperature control system.
- When a refrigeration circuit leaks a refrigerant to run short of the refrigerant, a refrigeration capacity may lower and/or another problem may occur, for example. Thus, some measures should be taken as soon as possible.
- Various technologies for detecting a refrigerant leakage have been proposed in the past. For example, JP2016-121867A discloses a technique for detecting a refrigerant leakage by detecting a compressor intake pressure, an evaporator pressure, a compressor discharge pressure, a condenser pressure, a compressor intake temperature, an evaporator outlet temperature, a compressor discharge temperature, a condenser inlet temperature and so on, and using these detected values as parameters. In addition, WO2017/175300 discloses a technique of providing an indoor unit of an air conditioner with a refrigerant detection device that detects a refrigerant having leaked outside.
- However, the technique of JP2016-121867A requires many sensors for detecting pressures, temperature, etc., and a lot of parameters are used to determine a refrigerant leakage. In addition, the technique of WO2017/175300 directly detects a refrigerant that has leaked outside by the refrigerant detection device. Thus, it is difficult to detect the leaked refrigerant at a distance from the refrigerant detection device, and it is difficult to accurately detect a refrigerant shortage.
- In consideration of the aforementioned known technique, the present inventor conducted intensive research to detect a refrigerant leakage or a refrigerant shortage very simply and accurately. The present inventor then found that, when a refrigerant shortage occurs, an outlet temperature of a condenser becomes higher than the outlet temperature of the condenser which does not run short of the refrigerant. The present inventor also found that this phenomenon is caused by the fact that under the refrigerant shortage, an amount of the refrigerant condensed in the condenser is less than a planned or expected amount of condensation, so that a high-temperature refrigerant still in a gaseous state tends to flow out from a condenser outlet into a downstream pipe.
- The present invention has been made in view of the above findings. The object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerant condition detection device, a refrigerant condition detection method, and a temperature control system, which are capable of simply and accurately detecting a leakage or shortage of a refrigerant in a refrigerant circuit.
- A refrigerant condition detection device according toe the present invention comprises:
- a temperature information acquisition unit that acquires a temperature of a refrigerant flowing out from a condenser of a refrigeration circuit having a compressor, the condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator, and also acquires a temperature of a cooling fluid before it cools the refrigerant in the condenser; and
- a refrigerant condition determination unit that determines that a leakage or shortage of the refrigerant occurs, when a difference between the temperature of the refrigerant and the temperature of the cooing fluid, which are acquired by the temperature information acquisition unit, exceeds a threshold value previously recorded.
- The condenser may be a liquid-cooled heat exchanger, and the cooing fluid may be a liquid.
- The condenser may have a first condensing part and a second condensing part that condenses the refrigerant flowing out from the first condensing part; and
- the temperature information acquisition unit may acquire a temperature of the refrigerant flowing out from the second condensing part, and a temperature of the cooling fluid before it cools the refrigerant in the second condensing part.
- A refrigerant condition detection method according to the present invention comprises:
- a temperature information acquisition step that acquires a temperature of a refrigerant flowing out from a condenser of a refrigeration circuit having a compressor, the condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator, and also acquires a temperature of a cooling fluid before it cools the refrigerant in the condenser; and
- a refrigerant condition determination step that determines that a leakage or shortage of the refrigerant occurs when a difference between the temperature of the refrigerant and the temperature of the cooling fluid, which are acquired in the temperature information acquisition step, exceeds a threshold value previously recorded.
- The refrigerant condition detection method according to the present invention may further comprise a filling step that fills the refrigeration circuit with a predetermined amount of the refrigerant that enables an operation of the refrigeration circuit by which a difference between an acquired temperature of the refrigerant flowing out from the condenser and an acquired temperature of the cooling fluid before it cools the refrigerant in the condenser becomes the threshold value or below,
- wherein a leakage or shortage of the refrigerant may be determined by the temperature information acquisition step and the refrigerant condition determination step that are performed after the filling step.
- During the operation of the refrigeration circuit after the filling step, the refrigeration circuit may cool the refrigerant in the condenser such that the refrigerant condensed by the condenser covers an outlet of the condenser.
- A temperature control system according to the present invention comprises:
- a refrigeration circuit having a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator; and
- the aforementioned refrigeration condition detection device.
- When the refrigeration circuit is filled with a predetermined amount of the refrigerant, the refrigeration circuit may be capable of performing an operation by which a difference between a temperature of the refrigerant and a temperature of the cooling fluid, which are acquired by the refrigerant condition detection device, becomes the threshold value or below.
- When the refrigeration circuit is filled with the predetermined amount of the refrigerant, the refrigeration circuit may be capable of cooling the refrigerant in the condenser such that the refrigerant condensed by the condenser covers the outlet of the condenser.
- The temperature control system according to the present invention may further comprise a fluid flow device that causes a fluid whose temperature is controlled by the evaporator to flow.
- The present invention can simply and accurately a leakage or shortage of a refrigerant in a refrigeration circuit.
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FIG. 1 is a view showing a schematic structure of a temperature control system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 2A is a schematic sectional view of a condenser provided on a refrigeration circuit of the temperature control system shown inFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 2B is a schematic sectional view of the condenser provided on the refrigeration circuit of the temperature control system shown inFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is a view showing a schematic structure of the temperature control system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 4 is a view showing a schematic structure of the temperature control system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. - Respective embodiments of the present invention are described herebelow.
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FIG. 1 is a view showing a schematic structure of atemperature control system 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Thetemperature control system 1 according to this embodiment comprises arefrigeration circuit 10, a first coolingfluid flow device 21, a second cooingfluid flow device 22, a temperature control targetfluid flow device 30, and acontroller 40. - The
refrigeration circuit 10 has acompressor 11, acondenser 12, areceiver tank 13, anexpansion valve 14, and anevaporator 15. Thecompressor 11, thecondenser 12, thereceiver tank 13, theexpansion valve 14, and theevaporator 15 are connected by pipe members such that a refrigerant is circulated in this order. - The
compressor 11 compresses a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing out from the evaporator into the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and supplies it to thecondenser 12. Thecondenser 12 cools, by means of a cooling fluid, the refrigerant compressed by thecompressor 11 to condense it to the high-pressure liquid refrigerant having a predetermined cooling temperature. - In this embodiment, the
condenser 12 has a firstcondensing part 121, and a secondcondensing part 122 that condenses the refrigerant flowing out from the firstcondensing part 121. The refrigerant passing through the first condensingpart 121 is cooled by a first cooling fluid which is supplied by the first cooingfluid flow device 21 to the first condensingpart 121. The refrigerant passing through the second condensingpart 122 is cooled by a second cooling fluid which is supplied by the secondfluid flow device 22 to thesecond condensing part 122. - Each of the first condensing
part 121 and the secondcondensing part 122 is formed by a liquid-cooled heat exchanger, specifically, a plate-type heat exchanger. However, the first condensingpart 121 and the second condensingpart 122 may be air-cooled heat exchangers. - The
receiver tank 13 receives the refrigerant, which has been condensed by thecondenser 12 to the liquid refrigerant, and stores it therein. The refrigerant stored in thereceiver tank 13 flows toward theexpansion valve 14. Theexpansion valve 14 expands to decompress the refrigerant supplied from thereceiver tank 13 into the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant in a liquid state or gas-liquid mixed state, and supplies it to theevaporator 15. In this embodiment, theevaporator 15 heat-exchanges between the refrigerant, which has been supplied thereto, and a temperature control target fluid, which is caused to flow by the temperature control targetfluid flow device 30. The refrigerant having been heat-exchanged with the temperature control target fluid becomes again the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The refrigerant flows out from theevaporator 15 and is again compressed by thecompressor 11. - The first cooling
fluid flow device 21 supplies the first condensingpart 121 with the first cooing fluid, and the second coolingfluid flow device 22 supplies thesecond condensing part 122 with the second cooling fluid. As described above, since the first condensingpart 121 and thesecond condensing part 122 are formed by liquid-cooled heat exchangers in this embodiment, liquids are used as the first cooling fluid and the second cooling fluid. - The first cooling fluid and the second cooling fluid, which are liquids, may be water or another fluid. When the first condensing
part 121 and thesecond condensing part 122 are formed by air-cooled heat exchangers, the first cooling fluid and the second cooling fluid may be air. - In this embodiment, the second cooling
fluid flow device 22 has apump 22A. By controlling a driving force of thepump 22A, a flow rate of the second cooling fluid to be supplied to thesecond condensing part 122 can be regulated. Thus, a cooling capacity of the refrigerant in thesecond condensing part 122 can be regulated. - As described above, the temperature control target
fluid flow device 30 causes the temperature control target fluid, which heat-exchanges with the refrigerant in theevaporator 15, to flow. The temperature control target fluid caused to flow by the temperature control targetfluid flow device 30 may be either a gas or a liquid. - When the temperature control target fluid is a gas, the temperature control target
fluid flow device 30 may be formed by a fan or the like. On the other hand, when the temperature control target fluid is a liquid, the temperature control targetfluid flow device 30 may be formed by a liquid flow path, a pump for causing a liquid to flow, etc. - The
refrigeration circuit 10 is provided with arefrigerant temperature sensor 16 that detects a temperature of the refrigerant flowing out from thesecond condensing part 122, and arefrigerant pressure sensor 17 that detects a pressure of the refrigerant flowing out from thesecond condensing part 122. Specifically, therefrigerant temperature sensor 16 detects a temperature of the refrigerant that has flown out from thesecond condensing part 122 but does not yet flow into thereceiver tank 13. In other words, therefrigerant temperature sensor 16 detects a temperature inside a pipe member connected to an outlet of thesecond condensing part 122. Therefrigerant pressure sensor 17 detects the pressure of a refrigerant that has flown out from thesecond condensing part 122 but does not yet flow into thereceiver tank 13. In other words, therefrigerant pressure sensor 17 detects a pressure inside the pipe member connected to the outlet of thesecond condensing part 122. - The second cooling
fluid flow device 22 is provided with a cooingfluid temperature sensor 22B. The coolingfluid flow device 22B detects a temperature of the second cooling fluid temperature before it cools the refrigerant in thesecond condensing part 122. In other words, the coolingfluid temperature sensor 22B detects a temperature inside a part of a pipe member, the part being upstream of thesecond condensing part 122. The second coolingfluid flow device 22 causes the second cooling fluid to flow through the pipe. - The
controller 40 can control operations of the respective units of therefrigeration circuit 10, thepump 22A of the second coolingfluid flow device 22 and the like, and can acquire information from the aforementionedrespective sensors controller 40 may comprise, for example, a computer equipped with a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, etc. to control operations of the aforementioned respective units in accordance with a stored program. - The
controller 40 has a temperatureinformation acquisition unit 41, a refrigerantcondition determination unit 42, anoperation control unit 43, and anoutput unit 44. - The temperature
information acquisition unit 41 acquires, from therefrigerant temperature sensor 16, a temperature of the refrigerant flowing out from thesecond condensing part 122 of thecondenser 12, and acquires, from the coolingfluid temperature sensor 22B, a temperature of the second cooling fluid temperature before it cools the refrigerant in thesecond condensing part 122. - The refrigerant
condition determination unit 42 determines that a leakage or shortage of the refrigerant occurs, when a difference between the temperature of the refrigerant and the temperature of the second cooling fluid, which are acquired by the temperatureinformation acquisition unit 41, exceeds a previously recorded threshold value. Herein, the temperatureinformation acquisition unit 41 and the refrigerantcondition judgment unit 42 constitute a refrigerantcondition detection device 40A. - The
operation control unit 43 controls operations of the respective units of therefrigeration circuit 10, thepump 22A of the second coolingfluid flow device 22 and the like. - The
output unit 44 displays a warning on a display device, not shown, when the refrigerantcondition determination unit 42 determines that a leakage or shortage of the refrigerant occurs. - Herebelow, a determination flow of a leakage or shortage of the refrigerant by the refrigerant
condition detection device 40A in this embodiment is described. - A structure of the
second condensing part 122, and an inside condition of thesecond condensing part 122 during operation of therefrigeration circuit 10 are described first.FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic sectional views of thesecond condensing part 122 formed of a plate-type heat exchanger. As shown inFIG. 2A , the condensingpart 122 has a plurality ofplate members 122A that are stacked (arranged) such that a flow path through which the refrigerant or the second cooling fluid flows is formed between theadjacent plate members 122A. Theplate members 122A form aflow path 122B for refrigerant (refrigerant flow path 122B) and a flow path 122C for second cooling fluid (second-cooling-fluid flow path 122C), which are alternately arranged in the stacking direction. - A
refrigerant inlet 122D and arefrigerant outlet 122E are connected to aplate member 122A which is positioned on one end of the stacking direction of theplate members 122A. As shown by a white arrow, the refrigerant flows from therefrigerant inlet 122D to the second coolingfluid flow path 122B, and flows out from therefrigerant outlet 122E. Therefrigerant inlet 122D and therefrigerant outlet 122E are disposed distant from each other in a direction orthogonal to the stacking direction. In this embodiment, thesecond condensing part 122 is arranged such that therefrigerant inlet 122D is positioned above therefrigerant outlet 122E in an up and down direction. Therefrigerant inlet 122D may be a part of a pipe member connecting the first condensingpart 121 and thesecond condensing part 122, or a member separated from the pipe member. Similarly, therefrigerant outlet 122E may be a part of a pipe member connecting thesecond condensing part 122 and thereceiver tank 13, or may be a member separated from the pipe member. - On the other hand, although not shown, a second cooling fluid inlet and a second cooling fluid outlet are connected to a
plate member 122A which is positioned on one end of the stacking direction. As shown by a hatched arrow, the second cooling fluid flows from the second cooling fluid inlet to the second cooling fluid flow path 122C, and flows out from the second cooling fluid outlet. - The second cooling fluid inlet and the second cooling fluid outlet are disposed distant from each other in the direction orthogonal to the stacking direction. The second cooling fluid inlet is provided on the same side as the
refrigerant outlet 122E in the direction orthogonal to the stacking direction, and the second cooling fluid outlet is provided on the same side as therefrigerant inlet 122D in the direction orthogonal to the stacking direction. Thus, in this embodiment, the second cooling fluid outlet is positioned above the second cooling fluid inlet in the up and down direction. However, the second cooling fluid inlet may be provided on the same side as therefrigerant inlet 122D in the direction orthogonal to the stacking direction, and the cooling fluid outlet may be provided on the same side as therefrigerant outlet 122E in the direction orthogonal to the stacking direction. - A symbol LM shown in
FIG. 2A shows the refrigerant in a liquid state which has been condensed by the second cooing fluid and accumulated at a bottom of thesecond condensing part 122. InFIG. 2A , a liquid level height of the liquid refrigerant LM exceeds an upper end of therefrigerant outlet 122E, so that the liquid refrigerant LM covers therefrigerant outlet 122E. - In this embodiment, in order that the liquid refrigerant LM covers the
refrigerant outlet 122E, theoperation control unit 43 of thecontroller 40 controls thepump 22A of the second coolingfluid flow device 22 depending on a refrigerant pressure value from therefrigerant pressure sensor 17. - Specifically, when a cooling capacity of the second cooling
fluid flow device 22 is low so that the refrigerant is not sufficiently condensed, the liquid level height of the refrigerant LM accumulated at the bottom of thesecond condensing part 122 may not exceed the upper end of therefrigerant outlet 122E and the refrigerant in a gaseous state may enter therefrigerant outlet 122E. At this time, a pressure value of the refrigerant, which is detected by therefrigerant pressure sensor 17, becomes larger than a case in which therefrigerant outlet 122E is filled with the liquid refrigerant. Thus, a condition in which the liquid refrigerant LM covers therefrigerant outlet 122E can be formed by firstly determining as a threshold value a pressure value detected by therefrigerant pressure sensor 17 when therefrigerant outlet 122E is filled with the liquid refrigerant, and by controlling thepump 22A of the second coolingfluid flow device 22 depending on a pressure value of the refrigerant from therefrigerant pressure sensor 17. - As described above, when the liquid refrigerant LM covers the
refrigerant outlet 122E, a difference between a temperature of the refrigerant, which is detected by therefrigerant temperature sensor 16, and a temperature of the second cooling fluid, which is detected by the coolingfluid temperature sensor 22B before the second cooling fluid cools the refrigerant, is small. Ideally, the temperatures are the same. When a difference between a temperature of the refrigerant detected by therefrigerant temperature sensor 16 and a temperature of the second cooling fluid detected by the coolingfluid temperature sensor 22B is small, it can be said that a normal operation by which the liquid refrigerant LM covers therefrigerant outlet 122E is performed, and that therefrigeration circuit 10 is filled with a proper predetermined amount of the refrigerant. Such a predetermined amount of the refrigerant can be determined through calculation or verification, taking into consideration the size of therefrigeration circuit 10 and the refrigeration capacity required therefor. - On the other hand, although the cooling capacity of the second cooling
fluid flow device 22 is controlled such that the liquid refrigerant LM covers therefrigerant outlet 122E, as described above, there is a possibility that the liquid level height of the refrigerant LM accumulated on the bottom of thesecond condensing part 122 does not exceed the upper end of therefrigerant outlet 122E, as shown inFIG. 2B . Then, it can be assumed that a refrigerant shortage occurs in therefrigerant circuit 10 because of a leakage of the refrigerant or the like. In this case, the refrigerant in a gaseous state flows into therefrigerant outlet 122E so that a temperature of the refrigerant detected by therefrigerant temperature sensor 16 becomes higher than a case in which therefrigerant outlet 122E is filled with the liquid refrigerant. As a result, a difference between a temperature of the refrigerant, which is detected by therefrigerant temperature sensor 16, and a temperature of the second cooling fluid, which is detected by the coolingfluid temperature sensor 22B, becomes large. - The present inventor has found that, when a leakage or shortage of the refrigerant occurs in the
refrigerant circuit 10, a difference between a temperature of the refrigerant, which is detected by therefrigerant temperature sensor 16, and a temperature of the second cooling fluid, which is detected by the coolingfluid temperature sensor 22B, becomes large. Thus, the present inventor came to adopt the refrigerantcondition detection device 40A which determines that a leakage or shortage of the refrigerant occurs, when a difference therebetween exceeds a previously recorded threshold value. - The present inventor has found that a threshold value for determining a leakage or shortage of a refrigerant is preferably 2° C. or higher, more preferably between 2° C. or higher and 6° C. or lower, and further preferably between 2° C. or higher and 4° C. or lower. A threshold value set in such a range improves determination accuracy of a leakage or shortage of a refrigerant.
- In the determination of a leakage or shortage of the refrigerant, a moving average value of a difference between a temperature of the refrigerant detected by the
refrigerant temperature sensor 16 and a temperature of the second cooling fluid detected by the coolingfluid temperature sensor 22B may be calculated, and this moving average value may be compared with the aforementioned threshold value. The moving average value may be calculated using a difference between a temperature of the refrigerant detected by therefrigerant temperature sensor 16 and a temperature of the second cooling fluid detected by the coolingfluid temperature sensor 22B at three or more detection points in a detection period of three seconds or more. The use of the moving average value can improve determination accuracy by suppressing influence of noise in the sensors. - As described above, in this embodiment, the
refrigerant circuit 10 is provided with the refrigerantcondition detection device 40A. The refrigerantcondition detection device 40A comprises the temperatureinformation acquisition unit 41 that acquires a temperature of the refrigerant flowing out from thesecond condensing part 122 and acquires a temperature of the second cooling fluid temperature before it cools the refrigerant in thesecond condensing part 122, and the refrigerantcondition determination unit 42 that determines that a leakage or shortage of a refrigerant occurs when a difference between the temperature of the refrigerant and the temperature of the second cooling fluid, which are acquired by the temperatureinformation acquisition unit 41, exceeds a threshold value previously recorded. - Such a refrigerant
condition detection device 40A uses the lesser number of parameters for determination of a leakage or shortage of the refrigerant. In addition, the use of a temperature as a determination parameter can improve determination accuracy of a leakage or shortage of the refrigerant. Namely, in a case where a temperature of the refrigerant in therefrigeration circuit 10 is detected, sudden fluctuation and/or noise detection can be suppressed as compared with a case in which a pressure is detected. - Thus, this embodiment enables simple and accurate detection of a leakage or shortage of a refrigerant in the
refrigeration circuit 10. - Next, a temperature control system 2 according to a second embodiment is described with reference to
FIG. 3 . In the following description, only differences from the first embodiment are described. - As shown in
FIG. 3 , in this embodiment, acondenser 12 is formed by a single liquid-cooled heat exchanger. Thecondenser 12 is supplied with a cooling fluid caused to flow by a coolingfluid flow device 20. The coolingfluid flow device 20 has apump 22A that regulates a flow rate of the cooling fluid, and a coolingfluid temperature sensor 22B. The coolingfluid temperature sensor 22B detects a temperature of the cooling fluid before it cools the refrigerant in thecondenser 12. - In a refrigerant
condition detection device 40A, a temperatureinformation acquisition unit 41 acquires, from arefrigerant temperature sensor 16, a temperature of the refrigerant flowing out from thecondenser 12, and acquires, from the cooingfluid temperature sensor 22B, a temperature of the cooling fluid before it cools the refrigerant in thecondenser 12. A refrigerantcondition determination unit 42 determines that a leakage or shortage of the refrigerant occurs, when a difference between the refrigerant temperature and the cooling fluid temperature, which are acquired by the temperatureinformation acquisition unit 41, exceeds a previously recorded threshold value. - This embodiment also enables very simple and accurate detection of a leakage or shortage of a refrigerant.
- Next, a temperature control system 3 according to a third embodiment is described with reference to
FIG. 4 . In the following description, only differences from the first and second embodiments are described. - In this embodiment, a
condenser 12 is formed by a single air-cooled heat exchanger. Thecondenser 12 is supplied with a cooling fluid which is a gas caused to flow by an air-coolingdevice 24 driving its fan. The cooling fluid may be air. A coolingfluid temperature sensor 22B provided on the air-coolingdevice 24 detects a temperature of the cooling fluid supplied to thecondenser 12. - In a refrigerant
condition detection device 40A, a temperatureinformation acquisition unit 41 acquires, from arefrigerant temperature sensor 16, a temperature of the refrigerant flowing out from thecondenser 12, and acquires, from the coolingfluid temperature sensor 22B, a temperature of the gaseous cooling fluid before it cools the refrigerant in thecondenser 12. A refrigerantcondition determination unit 42 determines that a leakage or shortage of the refrigerant occurs, when a difference between the refrigerant temperature and the cooling fluid temperature, which are acquired by the temperatureinformation acquisition unit 41, exceeds a previously recorded threshold value. - This embodiment also enables very simple and accurate detection of a leakage or shortage of a refrigerant.
- Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments and an be variously modified. For example, in the aforementioned respective embodiments, the
refrigeration circuit 10 is provided with thereceiver tank 13, but therefrigeration circuit 10 need not have thereceiver tank 13.
Claims (15)
1. A refrigerant condition detection device comprising:
a temperature information acquisition unit that acquires a temperature of a refrigerant flowing out from a condenser of a refrigeration circuit having a compressor, the condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator, and also acquires a temperature of a cooling fluid before it cools the refrigerant in the condenser; and
a refrigerant condition determination unit that determines that a leakage or shortage of the refrigerant occurs, when a difference between the temperature of the refrigerant and the temperature of the cooing fluid, which are acquired by the temperature information acquisition unit, exceeds a threshold value previously recorded.
2. The refrigerant condition detection device according to claim 1 , wherein the condenser is a liquid-cooled heat exchanger, and the cooing fluid is a liquid.
3. The refrigerant condition detection device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the condenser has a first condensing part and a second condensing part that condenses the refrigerant flowing out from the first condensing part; and
the temperature information acquisition unit acquires a temperature of the refrigerant flowing out from the second condensing part, and a temperature of the cooling fluid before it cools the refrigerant in the second condensing part.
4. A refrigerant condition detection method comprising:
a temperature information acquisition step that acquires a temperature of a refrigerant flowing out from the condenser of a refrigeration circuit having a compressor, the condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator, and also acquires a temperature of a cooling fluid before it cools the refrigerant in the condenser; and
a refrigerant condition determination step that determines that a leakage or shortage of the refrigerant occurs when a difference between the temperature of the refrigerant and the temperature of the cooling fluid, which are acquired in the temperature information acquisition step, exceeds a threshold value previously recorded.
5. The refrigerant condition detection method according to claim 4 , further comprising a filling step that fills the refrigeration circuit with a predetermined amount of the refrigerant that enables an operation of the refrigeration circuit by which a difference between an acquired temperature of the refrigerant flowing out from the condenser and an acquired temperature of the cooling fluid before it cools the refrigerant in the condenser becomes the threshold value or below,
wherein a leakage or shortage of the refrigerant is determined by the temperature information acquisition step and the refrigerant condition determination step that are performed after the filling step.
6. The refrigerant condition detection method according to claim 5 , wherein during the operation of the refrigeration circuit after the filling step, the refrigeration circuit cools the refrigerant in the condenser such that the refrigerant condensed by the condenser covers an outlet of the condenser.
7. A temperature control system comprising:
a refrigeration circuit having a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator; and
the refrigerant condition detection device according to claim 1 .
8. The temperature control system according to claim 7 , wherein, when the refrigeration circuit is filled with a predetermined amount of the refrigerant, the refrigeration circuit is capable of performing an operation by which a difference between a temperature of the refrigerant and a temperature of the cooling fluid, which are acquired by the refrigerant condition detection device, becomes the threshold value or below.
9. The temperature control system according to claim 8 , wherein, when the refrigeration circuit is filled with the predetermined amount of the refrigerant, the refrigeration circuit is capable of cooling the refrigerant in the condenser such that the refrigerant condensed by the condenser covers the outlet of the condenser.
10. The temperature control system according to claim 7 , further comprising a fluid flow device that causes a fluid whose temperature is controlled by the evaporator to flow.
11. The refrigerant condition detection device according to claim 2 , wherein:
the condenser has a first condensing part and a second condensing part that condenses the refrigerant flowing out from the first condensing part; and
the temperature information acquisition unit acquires a temperature of the refrigerant flowing out from the second condensing part, and a temperature of the cooling fluid before it cools the refrigerant in the second condensing part.
12. A temperature control system comprising:
a refrigeration circuit having a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator; and
the refrigerant condition detection device according to claim 2 .
13. A temperature control system comprising:
a refrigeration circuit having a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator; and
the refrigerant condition detection device according to claim 3 .
14. The temperature control system according to claim 8 , further comprising a fluid flow device that causes a fluid whose temperature is controlled by the evaporator to flow.
15. The temperature control system according to claim 9 , further comprising a fluid flow device that causes a fluid whose temperature is controlled by the evaporator to flow.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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JP2019089951A JP7210018B2 (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2019-05-10 | Refrigerant state detection device, refrigerant state detection method, and temperature control system |
JP2019-089951 | 2019-05-10 | ||
PCT/JP2020/018223 WO2020230641A1 (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2020-04-30 | Refrigerant state detection device, refrigerant state detection method, and temperature control system |
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US20220186999A1 true US20220186999A1 (en) | 2022-06-16 |
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US17/593,141 Abandoned US20220186999A1 (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2020-04-30 | Refrigerant condition detection device, refrigerant condition detection method, and temperature control system |
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US (1) | US20220186999A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP7210018B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20220006029A (en) |
CN (1) | CN113677940A (en) |
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CN112424545B (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2023-10-20 | 开利公司 | Low refrigerant charge detection in a transport refrigeration system |
CN114659232B (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2024-03-12 | 长虹美菱股份有限公司 | Refrigerator and refrigerant leakage detection method thereof |
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JP2017075761A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2017-04-20 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Water heating device |
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2019
- 2019-05-10 JP JP2019089951A patent/JP7210018B2/en active Active
-
2020
- 2020-04-30 KR KR1020217011457A patent/KR20220006029A/en unknown
- 2020-04-30 WO PCT/JP2020/018223 patent/WO2020230641A1/en active Application Filing
- 2020-04-30 CN CN202080028249.7A patent/CN113677940A/en active Pending
- 2020-04-30 US US17/593,141 patent/US20220186999A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2020-05-04 TW TW109114757A patent/TW202108943A/en unknown
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KR20220006029A (en) | 2022-01-14 |
WO2020230641A1 (en) | 2020-11-19 |
CN113677940A (en) | 2021-11-19 |
TW202108943A (en) | 2021-03-01 |
JP7210018B2 (en) | 2023-01-23 |
JP2020186827A (en) | 2020-11-19 |
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