US20210369502A1 - Systems and methods for removing exogenous particles from the skin of a patient - Google Patents
Systems and methods for removing exogenous particles from the skin of a patient Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20210369502A1 US20210369502A1 US17/401,623 US202117401623A US2021369502A1 US 20210369502 A1 US20210369502 A1 US 20210369502A1 US 202117401623 A US202117401623 A US 202117401623A US 2021369502 A1 US2021369502 A1 US 2021369502A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- skin
- irrigation
- fluid
- housing
- irrigation area
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 claims description 96
- 210000004207 dermis Anatomy 0.000 claims description 13
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 12
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008177 pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010057249 Phagocytosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002435 venom Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 231100000611 venom Toxicity 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001048 venom Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008782 phagocytosis Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010048961 Localised oedema Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002934 lysing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 21
- NTYJJOPFIAHURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Histamine Chemical compound NCCC1=CN=CN1 NTYJJOPFIAHURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 6
- 102000015439 Phospholipases Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108010064785 Phospholipases Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229960001340 histamine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000002647 laser therapy Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZIIUUSVHCHPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trimethyl-N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 ZIIUUSVHCHPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 description 3
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013532 laser treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- IAKHMKGGTNLKSZ-INIZCTEOSA-N (S)-colchicine Chemical compound C1([C@@H](NC(C)=O)CC2)=CC(=O)C(OC)=CC=C1C1=C2C=C(OC)C(OC)=C1OC IAKHMKGGTNLKSZ-INIZCTEOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspirin Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000254173 Coleoptera Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 2
- HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heparin Chemical compound OC1C(NC(=O)C)C(O)OC(COS(O)(=O)=O)C1OC1C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(O3)C(O)=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)C(CO)O2)NS(O)(=O)=O)C(C(O)=O)O1 HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001138 acetylsalicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- -1 cantherone Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960002897 heparin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920000669 heparin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 210000002540 macrophage Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000041 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940021182 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 210000001539 phagocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000037390 scarring Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-Acetamido-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O3)C(O)=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)NC(C)=O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000256844 Apis mellifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282693 Cercopithecidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- MHRARRIFWSILEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pederin Natural products COCC(CC1OC2C(NC(=O)C(O)C3(CC(=O)C(C)C(C)O3)OC)OCOC2C(OC)C1(C)C)OC MHRARRIFWSILEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000251539 Vertebrata <Metazoa> Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003659 bee venom Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000249 biocompatible polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IAKHMKGGTNLKSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N colchicine Chemical compound C1CC(NC(C)=O)C2=CC(=O)C(OC)=CC=C2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2OC IAKHMKGGTNLKSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001338 colchicine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002674 hyaluronan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960003160 hyaluronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004324 lymphatic system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010033675 panniculitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZNEZZONMADKYTB-VRCUBXEUSA-N pederin Chemical compound C1[C@@H](O)C(C)(C)[C@@H](C[C@@H](COC)OC)O[C@@H]1[C@H](OC)NC(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@]1(OC)O[C@H](C)[C@H](C)C(=C)C1 ZNEZZONMADKYTB-VRCUBXEUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003998 snake venom Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002708 spider venom Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004304 subcutaneous tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/02—Adhesive plasters or dressings
- A61F13/0203—Adhesive plasters or dressings having a fluid handling member
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M37/00—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin
- A61M37/0076—Tattooing apparatus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B2017/00743—Type of operation; Specification of treatment sites
- A61B2017/00747—Dermatology
- A61B2017/00769—Tattoo removal
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates generally to systems and methods for removing exogenous particles from a target region of a patient's skin and, more particularly, to systems and methods for tattoo removal.
- Tattoos are made by inserting ink or other colorant into the dermis of the skin. More than forty million people in the United States have tattoos, and many people will seek to have them removed. While tattoos are considered permanent, it is sometimes possible to fully or partially remove tattoos.
- Current tattoo removal technologies involve laser treatments (e.g., using Q-switched lasers, picosecond lasers, or the like). To remove the tattoo completely, a patient may be required to undergo a series of painful laser treatments (e.g., requiring 10-20 sessions). Even with multiple sessions, the laser treatments can leave tattoo pigments remaining in the skin and/or create textural changes to the skin, including scarring. Accordingly, many patients are unwilling to have their tattoo removed (even though they no longer want the tattoo) due to the associated time, cost and/or pain.
- the present disclosure relates generally to systems and methods for removing exogenous particles from a target region of a patient's skin and, more particularly, to systems and methods for tattoo removal.
- the present disclosure can include a method for removing exogenous particles from a target region of the skin of a patient.
- the method can include inserting one or more fluid conduits (e.g., perforated fluid conduits, needles, or the like) into a portion of the patient's skin to define an irrigation area in or around the target region.
- the method can also include injecting an irrigation fluid into the irrigation area so that the exogenous particles become suspended in the irrigation fluid.
- the method can also include removing the irrigation fluid from the irrigation area.
- the method also can include creating localized edema through endogenous fluid accumulation by injection of histamine, lipases, phospholipases, canthrone, podophylin, or the like.
- the present disclosure can include a system for removing exogenous particles from a target region of the skin of a patient.
- the system can include at least one conduit sized and dimensioned for insertion into or around the target region to define an irrigation area.
- the at least one conduit can be configured to inject an irrigation fluid into the irrigation area.
- the system can also include a device configured to form one or more channels in the irrigation area so that the exogenous particles are removable from the irrigation area with the irrigation fluid.
- the present disclosure can include a method for removing a tattoo from a target region of skin of a patient.
- the method can include shattering the tattoo in the target region into pigment particles.
- the tattoo can be shattered by a laser removal process.
- the method can also include the use of enzymes (e.g., lipases, phospholipases, or the like) to free the tattoo particles from the cells.
- the method can also include suspending the pigment particles in the irrigation fluid.
- the method can also include adding chemicals to prevent re-phagocytosis of the tattoo particles with the use of sucrose, colchine, podophylin, etc.
- the method can also include removing the irrigation fluid and the suspended pigment particles from the irrigation area.
- the irrigation fluid can be removed from the irrigation area via at least one channel through the surface of the skin of the patient.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a system for removing exogenous particles from a target region of the skin of a patient according to an aspect of the present disclosure
- FIG. 2A is a block diagram illustrating an example of a wearable device
- FIG. 2B represents a top view indicating alternating pressure (o) and suction (x) that can be applied by the example wearable device of FIG. 2A ;
- FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram illustrating a method for removing exogenous particles from a target region of skin of a patient according to another aspect of the present disclosure
- FIGS. 4, 5, and 6A are schematic illustrations showing removal of the exogenous particles from the target region of the skin using the system in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 6B represents a top view indicating an example of alternating pressure (o) and suction (x) that can be applied by FIG. 6A .
- exogenous can refer to an element or substance that is placed into the body from an external source (e.g., not natural to the body). Accordingly, the term “exogenous particle” can refer to a particle that is placed into the body from an external source.
- an exogenous particle can be an ink pigment that is placed in the skin of a patient.
- the ink pigment can be a remnant of a tattoo created by a laser removal process.
- laser removal process can refer to a process that uses a laser to shatter or fragment ink comprising a tattoo.
- examples of laser removal processes can include Q-switched laser removal processes, picosecond laser removal processes, and the like.
- laser removal process and “laser removal therapy” can be used interchangeably herein.
- the term “skin” can refer to the soft outer covering of vertebrates, including the epidermis (e.g., the outermost layers of cells in the skin) and the dermis (e.g., a layer of skin between the epidermis and subcutaneous tissue that cushions the body from stress and strain).
- the epidermis e.g., the outermost layers of cells in the skin
- the dermis e.g., a layer of skin between the epidermis and subcutaneous tissue that cushions the body from stress and strain.
- target region and “target area” can be used interchangeably and can refer to an area of a patient's skin from which one or more exogenous particles will be removed.
- irrigation area can refer to an area of a patient's skin that will be irrigated to remove exogenous particles. In some instances, the irrigation area can be less than, greater than, or equal to the target area.
- the term “conduit” can refer to an element, structure, or component for conveying a fluid.
- the conduit can be internal (e.g., needles, microneedels, or the like) and/or external (e.g., a container housing the solution) to a patient's skin. Additionally, when the conduit refers to an external conduit, the conduit can be in contact with the patient's skin (e.g., a component used for electrophoresis, iontophoresis, or the like) or not in contact with the patient's skin.
- channel can refer to a passageway or conduit extending from an opening or hole at the surface of the skin to a depth under the skin.
- microchannel can refer to a channel with a diameter less than about 1 mm.
- a microchannel can be a channel that extends from an opening or hole in a patient's skin, through the epidermis, and into the dermis.
- a microchannel can be created in a patient's skin by a needle, a laser, or the like.
- the term “lavage” can refer to washing or irrigating with repeated injections of a fluid (e.g., water, saline, or other biocompatible fluid, which may include a pharmaceutical agent and/or an enzyme and/or any natural products or toxins, such as spider venom, snake venom, beetle venom, bee venom, or the like).
- a fluid e.g., water, saline, or other biocompatible fluid, which may include a pharmaceutical agent and/or an enzyme and/or any natural products or toxins, such as spider venom, snake venom, beetle venom, bee venom, or the like).
- the terms “subject” and “patient” can be used interchangeably and refer to any warm-blooded living organism including, but not limited to, a human being, a pig, a rat, a mouse, a dog, a cat, a goat, a sheep, a horse, a monkey, an ape, a rabbit, a cow, etc.
- operatively coupled can refer to two or more components that are linked so that they perform their associated function cooperatively and/or in combination.
- the present disclosure relates generally to systems and methods for removing exogenous particles from a target region of a patient's skin and, more particularly, to systems and methods for tattoo removal.
- tattoo particles e.g., exogenous particles
- exogenous particles are released from cells in the dermis of the skin. While some of the exogenous particles are washed away by the patient's lymphatic system, other exogenous particles remain in the skin.
- the remaining exogenous particles which are engulfed by macrophages and other phagocytes in the skin, essentially preserve the tattoo image.
- further laser removal treatments are required.
- the present disclosure describes systems and methods that can reduce or eliminate the need for further laser removal treatments.
- the systems and methods themselves can eliminate exogenous particles from the patient's skin without the need for an initial laser removal treatment.
- the present disclosure provides systems and methods that employ dermal lavage to remove the remaining exogenous particles from a target region of the patient's skin.
- One aspect of the present disclosure can include a system for removing exogenous particles (e.g., ink particles from a tattoo or residual ink particles in a patient's skin after a tattoo removal process) from a target region of the skin of the patient.
- the system can utilize dermal lavage to remove the exogenous particles.
- a fluid conduit e.g., a perforated conduit, one or more microneedles, one or more coring needles, or the like
- An irrigation fluid can be injected into the irrigation area via the fluid conduit.
- a device e.g., a channel formation device
- FIG. 1 illustrates one example of a system 10 for removing exogenous particles from a target region of the skin of a patient.
- one or more layers of the skin e.g., the epidermis
- a suction blister can be created to remove one or more layers of skin.
- a fractional laser e.g., an ablative laser, such as an erbium ablative laser or a CO 2 ablative laser
- the layers of skin can be removed without scarring (e.g., by use of coring needles or a laser) to improve conventional tattoo removal (e.g., 10% ablation can lead to 10% of the skin/tattoo being removed).
- the system 10 can include a fluid source 12 , a fluid conduit 14 , and a channel formation device 16 . Further, as described below, the system 10 can additionally or optionally include one or more pressure devices (not shown) or device(s) (not shown) for imparting a mechanical force on the skin surface. Such pressure devices and/or devices for imparting a mechanical force on the skin surface can be integrated with, operably coupled to, or entirely separate from the fluid source 12 , the fluid conduit 14 , and/or the channel formation device 16 .
- the fluid conduit 14 can be one or more hypodermic needles that inject the irrigation fluid from the fluid source 12 into the irrigation area of the patient.
- the wearable device which can include the channel formation device 16 (e.g., a laser, one or more needles, one or more microneedles, a coring needle, one or more rolling needles, or the like), can be placed over the irrigation area for a time period to facilitate the removal of the irrigation fluid and the exogenous particles from the irrigation area.
- an external negative pressure can be created in a passive manner, such as by movement of the patient's body, which can facilitate the removal of the irrigation fluid and the exogenous particles.
- the wearable device can also include a reservoir or absorbent material to store the fluid and the exogenous particles removed from the patient's skin.
- the wearable device can also include an active pressure source and an accompanying battery.
- the wearable device can include the fluid conduit 14 and the fluid source 12 as a plurality of dissolvable needles (e.g., carbodymethyl cellulose) arranged in an array, each composed of (e.g., filled with) a bolus of irrigation fluid. As the dissolvable needles dissolve, the irrigation fluid can be transported to the irrigation area.
- the wearable device may include additional components.
- the suction can be more effective the longer the alternating pressure, such as positive and negative pressure, suction or pressure is applied (e.g., the suction or pressure being applied for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, or 24 hours or more would be increasingly more effective).
- FIG. 2A shows an example of a wearable device to aid in the lavage of the tattoo ink.
- the device is held tightly to the skin with an adhesive patch.
- Small conduits (fluid conduit 14 ) can enter the skin and pressurized fluid could pass through them.
- the center chamber (channel formation device 16 ) allows alternating suction (o) and pressure (x) (shown in FIG. 2B ) to flow such that when suction is on, the skin is pulled into the chamber and small conduits pierces the skin and allows suction (o) within the skin to occur, simultaneously causing fluid flow through.
- pressure (+) is forced into the chamber and pushes down on to the skin causing movement of the ink particles and flow through the conduits stops. This cycle continues in an alternating pattern. Suction and pressure times could be equal or suction time could be longer then pressure time.
- the fluid source 12 can supply an irrigation fluid to the fluid conduit 14 , which can be operatively coupled to the fluid source.
- the irrigation fluid can be a bolus of liquid (e.g., in the range of about 10-50 mL), which is injected through the fluid conduit 14 (e.g., a needle, catheter, or cannula) to the target area to be irrigated.
- the fluid source 12 can be a reservoir for the irrigation fluid (e.g., an IV bag).
- the irrigation fluid can be a biocompatible fluid, such as saline, sterile water, or the like.
- the exogenous fluid can include an enzyme, natural compound, and/or a pharmaceutical agent.
- the enzyme or pharmaceutical agent can at least one of lyse cells, make the skin more porous (e.g., by breaking up the tight connections between collagen fibers in the dermis), prevent or inhibit phagocytosis, or otherwise facilitate removal of the irrigation fluid.
- enzymes or pharmaceutical agents that can be within the irrigation fluid include hyuronidase, collegenase, phospholipase, cantherone, colchicine, podophylin, hyaluronic acid, pederine, and sucrose.
- a natural compound e.g., a venom or poison
- natural or diluted forms of venoms such as spider, snake, beetle, or bee.
- the enzyme or other chemical agent can be injected before or after the exogenous fluid.
- the target area can undergo a pre-treatment with histamine, lipase, and/or phospholipase, causing the target area to undergo an inflammatory reaction, which can induce edema and endogenous fluid collection/flow to improve draining of the exogenous particles.
- the fluid can be an endogenous fluid (e.g., derived or obtained from the patient's body).
- the endogenous fluid can come from local dermal edema.
- the patient can be injected with a drug, such as a histamine, that is known to cause local dermal edema in the target region of the skin.
- the fluid can leave the target region through holes or channels formed by the channel formation device 16 , thereby removing the edema and, in the process, washing out the exogenous particles.
- the exogenous particles can include ink particles from a tattoo.
- the exogenous particles can be residual tattoo ink particles formed as a result of a tattoo removal process.
- the dermal lavage can inject an irrigation fluid into an irrigation area (e.g., an area including at least a portion of the residual tattoo ink) so that the fluid and the residual tattoo ink particles are removed from the skin via one or more holes or channels formed in the target area of the skin by the channel formation device 16 .
- the fluid conduit 14 can be inserted into a subject's skin in the proximity of the target area. In some instances, the fluid conduit 14 can be inserted around the target area. In other instances, the fluid conduit 14 can be inserted into the target area.
- the irrigation area can be defined by the injected irrigation fluid , which can be from the fluid source 12 .
- At least a portion of the exogenous particles in the irrigation area can be suspended in the irrigation fluid as a result. In one example, at least 50% of the exogenous particles in the irrigation area can be suspended in the irrigation fluid. In another example, at least 75% of the exogenous particles in the irrigation area can be suspended in the irrigation fluid. In yet another example, 100% of the exogenous particles in the irrigation area can be suspended in the irrigation fluid.
- the channel formation device 16 can be configured to create one or more holes or channels that extend through a portion of the irrigation area.
- the channel formation device 16 can include one or more microneedles.
- the channel formation device 16 can include a laser or an array of a plurality of lasers.
- the channel formation device 16 can be a tattoo gun without any ink (“reverse tattooing”).
- the channel formation device 16 is configured to form one or more holes or channels, each of which extends through the epidermis into the dermis. Holes or channels formed by the channel formation device 16 can each have a hydraulic diameter of about 10 mm or less, about 5 mm or less, or about 1 mm or less.
- holes or channels formed by the channel formation device 16 can be microchannels (e.g., having a diameter of at least about 500 ⁇ m).
- an anti-clotting drug like heparin, aspirin, an NSAID, or other anticoagulant can be used to prevent the closure of the holes or channels formed by the channel formation device 16 .
- Irrigation fluid in some instances containing a pharmaceutical agent and/or an enzyme, can be injected into the skin and flow into the one or more holes or channels and then exit the skin with the suspended exogenous particles.
- fluid flow through the holes(s) or channel(s) happens automatically when the hole(s) or channel(s) is/are created in the skin.
- fluid flow occurs upon application of an external stimulus to the target area (e.g., pressure on the surface of the skin by a gloved finger of a medical professional).
- suction or negative pressure e.g., from a suction device, such as a breast pump, a wound vacuum, or the like
- a mechanical force e.g., a vibration or shock wave
- a vibrator can be used as a tool to loosen the exogenous particles.
- the mechanical force(s) can be applied to the target region following laser therapy (but before formation of the holes or channels) and/or at any point prior to applying suction to the target region.
- Suction can be applied continuously or intermittently.
- suction can be applied in a cyclic manner along with positive pressure to generate a massaging action on the skin and thereby facilitate migration of the exogenous particles to the skin surface.
- the intensity of the suction can be changed over time and thus be applied as a gradient of increasing or decreasing negative pressure.
- fluid flow can remove about 25% or more of the exogenous particles from the irrigation area, about 50% or more of the exogenous particles from the irrigation area, or about 75% or more of the exogenous particles from the irrigation area.
- FIG. 3 Another aspect of the present disclosure can include a method 20 ( FIG. 3 ) for removing exogenous particles (e.g., a tattoo, residual ink particles in a patient's skin, or the like) from a target region of a patient's skin.
- exogenous particles e.g., a tattoo, residual ink particles in a patient's skin, or the like
- the method 20 of FIG. 3 is illustrated as a process flow diagram.
- the method 20 is shown and described as being executed serially; however, it is to be understood and appreciated that the present disclosure is not limited by the illustrated order as some steps could occur in different orders and/or concurrently with other steps shown and described herein.
- not all illustrated aspects may be required to implement the method 20 .
- the method 20 will be explained with regard to FIGS. 4-6 , which illustrate the removal of exogenous particles from a target region of a patient's skin (e.g., using the system 10 described above).
- FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration 30 showing exogenous particles 38 located under the surface of a patient's skin 32 .
- the exogenous particles 38 can include residual tattoo ink particles that remain in the patient's skin after a tattoo removal process (e.g., a Q-switched laser tattoo removal procedure, a picosecond laser tattoo removal procedure, or the like).
- the exogenous particles 38 can be located in the dermis 36 within a target area 39 .
- the target area 39 can be defined as an area within the dermis 36 that includes a majority of the exogenous particles 38 .
- the target area 39 can include about 50% or more of the exogenous particles 38 , about 75% or more of the exogenous particles, or about 100% of the exogenous particles (e.g., at least about 98% or more).
- one or more layers of the skin e.g., the epidermis 34
- the exogenous particles can be removed before removing the exogenous particles from the skin.
- a fluid conduit 14 ( FIG. 5 ) can be inserted into a portion of a patient's skin.
- the fluid conduit 14 can be operatively coupled to the fluid source 12 and then inserted through the dermis 36 of the patient's skin 32 to define the irrigation area.
- the fluid conduit 14 can be a tube-like structure (e.g., made of a biocompatible polymer) and/or one or more needles (e.g., microneedles, coring needles, or the like), which can inject the irrigation fluid into the target area.
- a single fluid conduit 14 is illustrated, it will be appreciated that a plurality of fluid conduits can be placed to inject the irrigation fluid that defines the irrigation area. It will also be appreciated that multiple fluid sources 12 can be used to deliver fluid to the irrigation area.
- the irrigation fluid can be injected through the fluid conduit 14 to irrigate the irrigation area.
- a bolus of the irrigation fluid e.g., in the range of about 10-50 mL
- a fluid source 12 can be flowed from a fluid source 12 , through the fluid conduit 14 , and into the target region.
- the exogenous fluid can include an enzyme or a pharmaceutical agent (e.g., hyuronidase, collegenase, phospholipase, cantheradin, cochicine, sucrose, or any other type of enzyme or pharmaceutical agent that can lyse cells, inhibit phagocytosis, keep the exogenous particles free for as long as possible, or the like) or other chemical agent capable of breaking up the tight connections between collagen fibers in the dermis, thereby allowing the irrigation fluid and the exogenous particles to more easily flow out of dermis.
- the enzyme or pharmaceutical agent can be a part of the irrigation fluid. However, in other instances, the enzyme or other chemical agent can be injected before or after the irrigation fluid.
- the irrigation fluid can be an endogenous fluid.
- the endogenous fluid can come from local dermal edema.
- the patient can be injected with a drug, such as a histamine that is known to cause local dermal edema in the target region of the skin.
- the fluid can leave the target region through holes or channels formed by the channel formation device 16 , thereby removing the edema and, in the process, washing out the exogenous particles.
- the irrigation fluid exits fluid conduit 14 to irrigate the irrigation area (Step 26 ).
- exogenous particles 38 located in the irrigation area are suspended in the irrigation fluid.
- the irrigation fluid is removed from the irrigation area through holes or channels formed in the portion of the patient's skin.
- a plurality of channels 62 - 68 e.g., that enter the dermis 36 through the epidermis 34
- the channel formation device 16 can be a tattoo gun without any ink.
- four channels 62 - 68 are illustrated, any number of one or more channels can be created.
- channels 62 - 68 are illustrated as being rectangular, other shapes can be used to perform the same function (e.g., triangular, rounded, square, or the like). Moreover, the channels 62 - 68 can be separate channels (as illustrated) or at least partially connected or overlapping. The channels 62 - 68 can be created while the irrigation area is being irrigated. However, it will be appreciated that the channels 62 - 68 can be created either before the irrigation or after the irrigation. In other instances, an anti-clotting drug, like heparin, aspirin, an NSAID, or other anticoagulant can be used to prevent the closure of the channels formed by the channel formation device 16 .
- an anti-clotting drug like heparin, aspirin, an NSAID, or other anticoagulant can be used to prevent the closure of the channels formed by the channel formation device 16 .
- the fluid can be removed automatically.
- the fluid requires a catalyst for removal, such as pressure on the patient's skin 32 by a gloved finger of a medical professional or a device that introduces suction.
- a catalyst for removal such as pressure on the patient's skin 32 by a gloved finger of a medical professional or a device that introduces suction.
- about 25% or more of the exogenous particles can be removed along with the fluid.
- about 50% or more of the exogenous particles can be removed along with the fluid.
- about 75% or more of the exogenous particles can be removed along with the fluid.
- fluid flow into the channel(s) happens automatically when the channel(s) is/are created in the skin.
- fluid flow occurs upon application of an external stimulus to the target area (e.g., pressure on the surface of the skin by a gloved finger of a medical professional).
- fluid flow occurs upon application of suction, positive pressure (+), negative pressure ( ⁇ ), or a combination thereof (e.g., from a suction device, such as a breast pump, a wound vacuum, or the like) to the target region.
- suction positive pressure (+), negative pressure ( ⁇ ), or a combination thereof (e.g., from a suction device, such as a breast pump, a wound vacuum, or the like) to the target region.
- different pressure patterns can be applied, like ⁇ + ⁇ , ⁇ + ⁇ + ⁇ +, or the like).
- pressure (+) and suction (o) can be applied as shown and described with respect to FIG. 2B .
- the pressure (+) and suction (o) can be applied together through alternating conduits.
- a mechanical force e.g., a vibration or shock wave
- the mechanical force(s) can be applied to the target region following laser therapy (but before formation of the channels) and/or at any point prior to applying suction to the target region.
- Suction can be applied continuously or intermittently.
- suction can be applied in a cyclic manner along with positive pressure to generate a massaging action on the skin and thereby facilitate migration of the exogenous particles to the skin surface.
- the intensity of the suction can be changed over time and thus be applied as a gradient of increasing or decreasing negative pressure.
- the dermal lavage provided by the method 20 facilitates removal of exogenous particles 38 from the patient's skin 32 .
- the dermal lavage provides a more effective treatment for tattoo removal by reducing the number of laser therapies required to remove the tattoo. This is accomplished by removing the exogenous particles 38 before and/or after they are engulfed by macrophages or other phagocytes in the patient's skin 32 . Consequently, any residual tattoo particles remaining after laser therapy are less visible and/or invisible.
Abstract
The present disclosure is directed to systems and methods that removing exogenous particles from a target region of the skin of a patient. The systems and methods can employ dermal lavage to remove the exogenous particles from the target region. In some instances, the exogenous particles can be residual tattoo ink after a tattoo removal process. A conduit can be sized and dimensioned for insertion into or around the target region to inject an irrigation fluid that defines an irrigation area. The exogenous particles can be suspended in the irrigation fluid. A device can be configured to form one or more channels in the irrigation area so that the exogenous particles are removable from the irrigation area.
Description
- This application is a Divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/069,339, entitled “SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR REMOVING EXOGENOUS PARTICLES FROM THE SKIN OF A PATIENT,” filed Jul. 11, 2018, which U.S. National Stage under 35 USC 371, claiming priority to Serial No. PCT/US2017/013548, entitled “SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR REMOVING EXOGENOUS PARTICLES FROM THE SKIN OF A PATIENT,” filed Jan. 13, 2017, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/278,014, entitled “SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR REMOVING EXOGENOUS PARTICLES FROM THE SKIN OF A PATIENT,” filed Jan. 13, 2016. The entirety of these applications is hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes.
- The present disclosure relates generally to systems and methods for removing exogenous particles from a target region of a patient's skin and, more particularly, to systems and methods for tattoo removal.
- Tattoos are made by inserting ink or other colorant into the dermis of the skin. More than forty million people in the United States have tattoos, and many people will seek to have them removed. While tattoos are considered permanent, it is sometimes possible to fully or partially remove tattoos. Current tattoo removal technologies involve laser treatments (e.g., using Q-switched lasers, picosecond lasers, or the like). To remove the tattoo completely, a patient may be required to undergo a series of painful laser treatments (e.g., requiring 10-20 sessions). Even with multiple sessions, the laser treatments can leave tattoo pigments remaining in the skin and/or create textural changes to the skin, including scarring. Accordingly, many patients are unwilling to have their tattoo removed (even though they no longer want the tattoo) due to the associated time, cost and/or pain.
- The present disclosure relates generally to systems and methods for removing exogenous particles from a target region of a patient's skin and, more particularly, to systems and methods for tattoo removal.
- In one aspect, the present disclosure can include a method for removing exogenous particles from a target region of the skin of a patient. The method can include inserting one or more fluid conduits (e.g., perforated fluid conduits, needles, or the like) into a portion of the patient's skin to define an irrigation area in or around the target region. The method can also include injecting an irrigation fluid into the irrigation area so that the exogenous particles become suspended in the irrigation fluid. The method can also include removing the irrigation fluid from the irrigation area. In some instances, the method also can include creating localized edema through endogenous fluid accumulation by injection of histamine, lipases, phospholipases, canthrone, podophylin, or the like.
- In another aspect, the present disclosure can include a system for removing exogenous particles from a target region of the skin of a patient. The system can include at least one conduit sized and dimensioned for insertion into or around the target region to define an irrigation area. The at least one conduit can be configured to inject an irrigation fluid into the irrigation area. The system can also include a device configured to form one or more channels in the irrigation area so that the exogenous particles are removable from the irrigation area with the irrigation fluid.
- In a further aspect, the present disclosure can include a method for removing a tattoo from a target region of skin of a patient. The method can include shattering the tattoo in the target region into pigment particles. In some instances, the tattoo can be shattered by a laser removal process. In some instances, the method can also include the use of enzymes (e.g., lipases, phospholipases, or the like) to free the tattoo particles from the cells. The method can also include suspending the pigment particles in the irrigation fluid. In other instances, the method can also include adding chemicals to prevent re-phagocytosis of the tattoo particles with the use of sucrose, colchine, podophylin, etc. The method can also include removing the irrigation fluid and the suspended pigment particles from the irrigation area. For example, the irrigation fluid can be removed from the irrigation area via at least one channel through the surface of the skin of the patient.
- The foregoing and other features of the present disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure relates upon reading the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a system for removing exogenous particles from a target region of the skin of a patient according to an aspect of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 2A is a block diagram illustrating an example of a wearable device; -
FIG. 2B represents a top view indicating alternating pressure (o) and suction (x) that can be applied by the example wearable device ofFIG. 2A ; -
FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram illustrating a method for removing exogenous particles from a target region of skin of a patient according to another aspect of the present disclosure; -
FIGS. 4, 5, and 6A are schematic illustrations showing removal of the exogenous particles from the target region of the skin using the system inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 6B represents a top view indicating an example of alternating pressure (o) and suction (x) that can be applied byFIG. 6A . - In the context of the present disclosure, the singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” can also include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
- The terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” as used herein, can specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups.
- As used herein, the term “and/or” can include any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
- Additionally, although the terms “first,” “second,” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. Thus, a “first” element discussed below could also be termed a “second” element without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure. The sequence of operations (or acts/steps) is not limited to the order presented in the claims or figures unless specifically indicated otherwise.
- As used herein, the term “exogenous” can refer to an element or substance that is placed into the body from an external source (e.g., not natural to the body). Accordingly, the term “exogenous particle” can refer to a particle that is placed into the body from an external source. In some instances, an exogenous particle can be an ink pigment that is placed in the skin of a patient. For example, the ink pigment can be a remnant of a tattoo created by a laser removal process.
- As used herein, the term “laser removal process” can refer to a process that uses a laser to shatter or fragment ink comprising a tattoo. Examples of laser removal processes can include Q-switched laser removal processes, picosecond laser removal processes, and the like. The terms “laser removal process” and “laser removal therapy” can be used interchangeably herein.
- As used herein, the term “skin” can refer to the soft outer covering of vertebrates, including the epidermis (e.g., the outermost layers of cells in the skin) and the dermis (e.g., a layer of skin between the epidermis and subcutaneous tissue that cushions the body from stress and strain).
- As used herein, the terms “target region” and “target area” can be used interchangeably and can refer to an area of a patient's skin from which one or more exogenous particles will be removed.
- As used herein, the term “irrigation area” can refer to an area of a patient's skin that will be irrigated to remove exogenous particles. In some instances, the irrigation area can be less than, greater than, or equal to the target area.
- As used herein, the term “conduit” can refer to an element, structure, or component for conveying a fluid. The conduit can be internal (e.g., needles, microneedels, or the like) and/or external (e.g., a container housing the solution) to a patient's skin. Additionally, when the conduit refers to an external conduit, the conduit can be in contact with the patient's skin (e.g., a component used for electrophoresis, iontophoresis, or the like) or not in contact with the patient's skin.
- As used herein, the term “channel” can refer to a passageway or conduit extending from an opening or hole at the surface of the skin to a depth under the skin.
- As used herein, the term “microchannel” can refer to a channel with a diameter less than about 1 mm. For example, a microchannel can be a channel that extends from an opening or hole in a patient's skin, through the epidermis, and into the dermis. As an example, a microchannel can be created in a patient's skin by a needle, a laser, or the like.
- As used herein, the term “lavage” can refer to washing or irrigating with repeated injections of a fluid (e.g., water, saline, or other biocompatible fluid, which may include a pharmaceutical agent and/or an enzyme and/or any natural products or toxins, such as spider venom, snake venom, beetle venom, bee venom, or the like).
- As used herein, the terms “subject” and “patient” can be used interchangeably and refer to any warm-blooded living organism including, but not limited to, a human being, a pig, a rat, a mouse, a dog, a cat, a goat, a sheep, a horse, a monkey, an ape, a rabbit, a cow, etc.
- As used herein, the term “operatively coupled” can refer to two or more components that are linked so that they perform their associated function cooperatively and/or in combination.
- The present disclosure relates generally to systems and methods for removing exogenous particles from a target region of a patient's skin and, more particularly, to systems and methods for tattoo removal. After a single laser removal treatment, thousands of microscopic tattoo particles (e.g., exogenous particles) are released from cells in the dermis of the skin. While some of the exogenous particles are washed away by the patient's lymphatic system, other exogenous particles remain in the skin. The remaining exogenous particles, which are engulfed by macrophages and other phagocytes in the skin, essentially preserve the tattoo image. To remove these remaining exogenous particles completely, further laser removal treatments are required. Advantageously, the present disclosure describes systems and methods that can reduce or eliminate the need for further laser removal treatments. In some instances, the systems and methods themselves can eliminate exogenous particles from the patient's skin without the need for an initial laser removal treatment. As discussed in more detailed below, the present disclosure provides systems and methods that employ dermal lavage to remove the remaining exogenous particles from a target region of the patient's skin.
- One aspect of the present disclosure can include a system for removing exogenous particles (e.g., ink particles from a tattoo or residual ink particles in a patient's skin after a tattoo removal process) from a target region of the skin of the patient. The system can utilize dermal lavage to remove the exogenous particles. In some instances, a fluid conduit (e.g., a perforated conduit, one or more microneedles, one or more coring needles, or the like) can be inserted into or around the target region to define an irrigation area. An irrigation fluid can be injected into the irrigation area via the fluid conduit. A device (e.g., a channel formation device) can be configured to form one or more channels in the irrigation area so that the exogenous particles are removable from the irrigation area (e.g., via suction or passive diffusion) along with the irrigation fluid.
-
FIG. 1 illustrates one example of asystem 10 for removing exogenous particles from a target region of the skin of a patient. In some instances, before removing the exogenous particles from the skin, one or more layers of the skin (e.g., the epidermis) can be removed to facilitate removal of the exogenous particles. For example, a suction blister can be created to remove one or more layers of skin. In another example, a fractional laser (e.g., an ablative laser, such as an erbium ablative laser or a CO2 ablative laser) can be used to remove one or more layers of skin. The layers of skin can be removed without scarring (e.g., by use of coring needles or a laser) to improve conventional tattoo removal (e.g., 10% ablation can lead to 10% of the skin/tattoo being removed). - The
system 10 can include afluid source 12, afluid conduit 14, and achannel formation device 16. Further, as described below, thesystem 10 can additionally or optionally include one or more pressure devices (not shown) or device(s) (not shown) for imparting a mechanical force on the skin surface. Such pressure devices and/or devices for imparting a mechanical force on the skin surface can be integrated with, operably coupled to, or entirely separate from thefluid source 12, thefluid conduit 14, and/or thechannel formation device 16. - As an example, at least a portion of the
system 10 can be integrated within a wearable device for removal of the exogenous particles. In the simplest example, thefluid conduit 14 can be one or more hypodermic needles that inject the irrigation fluid from thefluid source 12 into the irrigation area of the patient. The wearable device, which can include the channel formation device 16 (e.g., a laser, one or more needles, one or more microneedles, a coring needle, one or more rolling needles, or the like), can be placed over the irrigation area for a time period to facilitate the removal of the irrigation fluid and the exogenous particles from the irrigation area. In this example, an external negative pressure can be created in a passive manner, such as by movement of the patient's body, which can facilitate the removal of the irrigation fluid and the exogenous particles. The wearable device can also include a reservoir or absorbent material to store the fluid and the exogenous particles removed from the patient's skin. As another example, the wearable device can also include an active pressure source and an accompanying battery. In a further example, the wearable device can include thefluid conduit 14 and thefluid source 12 as a plurality of dissolvable needles (e.g., carbodymethyl cellulose) arranged in an array, each composed of (e.g., filled with) a bolus of irrigation fluid. As the dissolvable needles dissolve, the irrigation fluid can be transported to the irrigation area. In addition to these examples, the wearable device may include additional components. Additionally, it will be noted that the suction can be more effective the longer the alternating pressure, such as positive and negative pressure, suction or pressure is applied (e.g., the suction or pressure being applied for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, or 24 hours or more would be increasingly more effective). -
FIG. 2A shows an example of a wearable device to aid in the lavage of the tattoo ink. The device is held tightly to the skin with an adhesive patch. Small conduits (fluid conduit 14) can enter the skin and pressurized fluid could pass through them. The center chamber (channel formation device 16) allows alternating suction (o) and pressure (x) (shown inFIG. 2B ) to flow such that when suction is on, the skin is pulled into the chamber and small conduits pierces the skin and allows suction (o) within the skin to occur, simultaneously causing fluid flow through. After a time, pressure (+) is forced into the chamber and pushes down on to the skin causing movement of the ink particles and flow through the conduits stops. This cycle continues in an alternating pattern. Suction and pressure times could be equal or suction time could be longer then pressure time. - Referring again to
FIG. 1 , thefluid source 12 can supply an irrigation fluid to thefluid conduit 14, which can be operatively coupled to the fluid source. The irrigation fluid can be a bolus of liquid (e.g., in the range of about 10-50 mL), which is injected through the fluid conduit 14 (e.g., a needle, catheter, or cannula) to the target area to be irrigated. In one example, thefluid source 12 can be a reservoir for the irrigation fluid (e.g., an IV bag). In some instances, the irrigation fluid can be a biocompatible fluid, such as saline, sterile water, or the like. In other instances, the exogenous fluid can include an enzyme, natural compound, and/or a pharmaceutical agent. The enzyme or pharmaceutical agent can at least one of lyse cells, make the skin more porous (e.g., by breaking up the tight connections between collagen fibers in the dermis), prevent or inhibit phagocytosis, or otherwise facilitate removal of the irrigation fluid. Examples of enzymes or pharmaceutical agents that can be within the irrigation fluid include hyuronidase, collegenase, phospholipase, cantherone, colchicine, podophylin, hyaluronic acid, pederine, and sucrose. Examples of a natural compound (e.g., a venom or poison) that can be included in the irrigation fluid include natural or diluted forms of venoms, such as spider, snake, beetle, or bee. In other instances, the enzyme or other chemical agent can be injected before or after the exogenous fluid. For example, the target area can undergo a pre-treatment with histamine, lipase, and/or phospholipase, causing the target area to undergo an inflammatory reaction, which can induce edema and endogenous fluid collection/flow to improve draining of the exogenous particles. - In other instances, the fluid can be an endogenous fluid (e.g., derived or obtained from the patient's body). For example, the endogenous fluid can come from local dermal edema. The patient can be injected with a drug, such as a histamine, that is known to cause local dermal edema in the target region of the skin. The fluid can leave the target region through holes or channels formed by the
channel formation device 16, thereby removing the edema and, in the process, washing out the exogenous particles. - In one example, the exogenous particles can include ink particles from a tattoo. In another example, the exogenous particles can be residual tattoo ink particles formed as a result of a tattoo removal process. In either example, the dermal lavage can inject an irrigation fluid into an irrigation area (e.g., an area including at least a portion of the residual tattoo ink) so that the fluid and the residual tattoo ink particles are removed from the skin via one or more holes or channels formed in the target area of the skin by the
channel formation device 16. - The
fluid conduit 14 can be inserted into a subject's skin in the proximity of the target area. In some instances, thefluid conduit 14 can be inserted around the target area. In other instances, thefluid conduit 14 can be inserted into the target area. The irrigation area can be defined by the injected irrigation fluid , which can be from thefluid source 12. - At least a portion of the exogenous particles in the irrigation area can be suspended in the irrigation fluid as a result. In one example, at least 50% of the exogenous particles in the irrigation area can be suspended in the irrigation fluid. In another example, at least 75% of the exogenous particles in the irrigation area can be suspended in the irrigation fluid. In yet another example, 100% of the exogenous particles in the irrigation area can be suspended in the irrigation fluid.
- The
channel formation device 16 can be configured to create one or more holes or channels that extend through a portion of the irrigation area. In some instances, thechannel formation device 16 can include one or more microneedles. In other instances, thechannel formation device 16 can include a laser or an array of a plurality of lasers. In further instances, thechannel formation device 16 can be a tattoo gun without any ink (“reverse tattooing”). In one example, thechannel formation device 16 is configured to form one or more holes or channels, each of which extends through the epidermis into the dermis. Holes or channels formed by thechannel formation device 16 can each have a hydraulic diameter of about 10 mm or less, about 5 mm or less, or about 1 mm or less. In some instances, holes or channels formed by thechannel formation device 16 can be microchannels (e.g., having a diameter of at least about 500 □m). In other instances, an anti-clotting drug, like heparin, aspirin, an NSAID, or other anticoagulant can be used to prevent the closure of the holes or channels formed by thechannel formation device 16. - Irrigation fluid, in some instances containing a pharmaceutical agent and/or an enzyme, can be injected into the skin and flow into the one or more holes or channels and then exit the skin with the suspended exogenous particles. In some instances, fluid flow through the holes(s) or channel(s) happens automatically when the hole(s) or channel(s) is/are created in the skin. In other instances, fluid flow occurs upon application of an external stimulus to the target area (e.g., pressure on the surface of the skin by a gloved finger of a medical professional). In still other instances, fluid flow occurs upon application of suction or negative pressure (e.g., from a suction device, such as a breast pump, a wound vacuum, or the like) to the target region. Prior to applying suction, a mechanical force (e.g., a vibration or shock wave) can be applied to the target region to break up attachment of the exogenous particles from the surrounding tissue and make the particles more mobile. As an example, a vibrator can be used as a tool to loosen the exogenous particles. Alternatively, the mechanical force(s) can be applied to the target region following laser therapy (but before formation of the holes or channels) and/or at any point prior to applying suction to the target region.
- Suction can be applied continuously or intermittently. Alternatively, suction can be applied in a cyclic manner along with positive pressure to generate a massaging action on the skin and thereby facilitate migration of the exogenous particles to the skin surface. In some instances, the intensity of the suction can be changed over time and thus be applied as a gradient of increasing or decreasing negative pressure.
- In some instances, fluid flow can remove about 25% or more of the exogenous particles from the irrigation area, about 50% or more of the exogenous particles from the irrigation area, or about 75% or more of the exogenous particles from the irrigation area.
- Another aspect of the present disclosure can include a method 20 (
FIG. 3 ) for removing exogenous particles (e.g., a tattoo, residual ink particles in a patient's skin, or the like) from a target region of a patient's skin. Themethod 20 ofFIG. 3 is illustrated as a process flow diagram. For purposes of simplicity, themethod 20 is shown and described as being executed serially; however, it is to be understood and appreciated that the present disclosure is not limited by the illustrated order as some steps could occur in different orders and/or concurrently with other steps shown and described herein. Moreover, not all illustrated aspects may be required to implement themethod 20. Themethod 20 will be explained with regard toFIGS. 4-6 , which illustrate the removal of exogenous particles from a target region of a patient's skin (e.g., using thesystem 10 described above). -
FIG. 4 is aschematic illustration 30 showingexogenous particles 38 located under the surface of a patient'sskin 32. Theexogenous particles 38 can include residual tattoo ink particles that remain in the patient's skin after a tattoo removal process (e.g., a Q-switched laser tattoo removal procedure, a picosecond laser tattoo removal procedure, or the like). For example, theexogenous particles 38 can be located in thedermis 36 within atarget area 39. In this case, thetarget area 39 can be defined as an area within thedermis 36 that includes a majority of theexogenous particles 38. For example, thetarget area 39 can include about 50% or more of theexogenous particles 38, about 75% or more of the exogenous particles, or about 100% of the exogenous particles (e.g., at least about 98% or more). In some instances, before removing the exogenous particles from the skin, one or more layers of the skin (e.g., the epidermis 34) can be removed to facilitate removal of the exogenous particles (as discussed above). - At
Step 22, a fluid conduit 14 (FIG. 5 ) can be inserted into a portion of a patient's skin. Thefluid conduit 14 can be operatively coupled to thefluid source 12 and then inserted through thedermis 36 of the patient'sskin 32 to define the irrigation area. As shown inFIG. 5 , thefluid conduit 14 can be a tube-like structure (e.g., made of a biocompatible polymer) and/or one or more needles (e.g., microneedles, coring needles, or the like), which can inject the irrigation fluid into the target area. Although asingle fluid conduit 14 is illustrated, it will be appreciated that a plurality of fluid conduits can be placed to inject the irrigation fluid that defines the irrigation area. It will also be appreciated that multiplefluid sources 12 can be used to deliver fluid to the irrigation area. - Next, at
step 24, the irrigation fluid can be injected through thefluid conduit 14 to irrigate the irrigation area. For example, a bolus of the irrigation fluid (e.g., in the range of about 10-50 mL) can be flowed from afluid source 12, through thefluid conduit 14, and into the target region. In some instances, the exogenous fluid can include an enzyme or a pharmaceutical agent (e.g., hyuronidase, collegenase, phospholipase, cantheradin, cochicine, sucrose, or any other type of enzyme or pharmaceutical agent that can lyse cells, inhibit phagocytosis, keep the exogenous particles free for as long as possible, or the like) or other chemical agent capable of breaking up the tight connections between collagen fibers in the dermis, thereby allowing the irrigation fluid and the exogenous particles to more easily flow out of dermis. In some instances, the enzyme or pharmaceutical agent can be a part of the irrigation fluid. However, in other instances, the enzyme or other chemical agent can be injected before or after the irrigation fluid. - In other instances, the irrigation fluid can be an endogenous fluid. For example, the endogenous fluid can come from local dermal edema. The patient can be injected with a drug, such as a histamine that is known to cause local dermal edema in the target region of the skin. The fluid can leave the target region through holes or channels formed by the
channel formation device 16, thereby removing the edema and, in the process, washing out the exogenous particles. - As shown in
FIG. 5 , the irrigation fluid exitsfluid conduit 14 to irrigate the irrigation area (Step 26). As a result,exogenous particles 38 located in the irrigation area are suspended in the irrigation fluid. - At
Step 26, the irrigation fluid is removed from the irrigation area through holes or channels formed in the portion of the patient's skin. As shown inFIG. 6A , a plurality of channels 62-68 (e.g., that enter thedermis 36 through the epidermis 34) can be created within the irrigation area by thechannel formation device 16 using, for example, one or more microneedles, one or more coring needles, and/or one or more lasers. In further instances, thechannel formation device 16 can be a tattoo gun without any ink. Although four channels 62-68 are illustrated, any number of one or more channels can be created. Additionally, although the channels 62-68 are illustrated as being rectangular, other shapes can be used to perform the same function (e.g., triangular, rounded, square, or the like). Moreover, the channels 62-68 can be separate channels (as illustrated) or at least partially connected or overlapping. The channels 62-68 can be created while the irrigation area is being irrigated. However, it will be appreciated that the channels 62-68 can be created either before the irrigation or after the irrigation. In other instances, an anti-clotting drug, like heparin, aspirin, an NSAID, or other anticoagulant can be used to prevent the closure of the channels formed by thechannel formation device 16. - In some instances, the fluid can be removed automatically. In other instances, the fluid requires a catalyst for removal, such as pressure on the patient's
skin 32 by a gloved finger of a medical professional or a device that introduces suction. In some instances, about 25% or more of the exogenous particles can be removed along with the fluid. In other instances, about 50% or more of the exogenous particles can be removed along with the fluid. In still other instances, about 75% or more of the exogenous particles can be removed along with the fluid. - In some instances, fluid flow into the channel(s) happens automatically when the channel(s) is/are created in the skin. In other instances, fluid flow occurs upon application of an external stimulus to the target area (e.g., pressure on the surface of the skin by a gloved finger of a medical professional). In still other instances, fluid flow occurs upon application of suction, positive pressure (+), negative pressure (−), or a combination thereof (e.g., from a suction device, such as a breast pump, a wound vacuum, or the like) to the target region. As one example, different pressure patterns can be applied, like −+−, −−−+−−−+−−−+, or the like). As another example, pressure (+) and suction (o) can be applied as shown and described with respect to
FIG. 2B . As a further example, shown inFIGS. 6A and 6B , the pressure (+) and suction (o) can be applied together through alternating conduits. - Prior to applying suction, a mechanical force (e.g., a vibration or shock wave) can be applied to the target region to break up attachment of the exogenous particles from the surrounding tissue and make the particles more mobile. Alternatively, the mechanical force(s) can be applied to the target region following laser therapy (but before formation of the channels) and/or at any point prior to applying suction to the target region.
- Suction can be applied continuously or intermittently. Alternatively, suction can be applied in a cyclic manner along with positive pressure to generate a massaging action on the skin and thereby facilitate migration of the exogenous particles to the skin surface. In some instances, the intensity of the suction can be changed over time and thus be applied as a gradient of increasing or decreasing negative pressure.
- The dermal lavage provided by the
method 20 facilitates removal ofexogenous particles 38 from the patient'sskin 32. For example, the dermal lavage provides a more effective treatment for tattoo removal by reducing the number of laser therapies required to remove the tattoo. This is accomplished by removing theexogenous particles 38 before and/or after they are engulfed by macrophages or other phagocytes in the patient'sskin 32. Consequently, any residual tattoo particles remaining after laser therapy are less visible and/or invisible. - From the above description, those skilled in the art will perceive improvements, changes and modifications. Such improvements, changes and modifications are within the skill of one in the art and are intended to be covered by the appended claims.
Claims (18)
1. A device configured to remove exogenous particles from skin, the device comprising:
a housing;
at least one fluid injection mechanism within an outer section of the housing configured to inject an irrigation fluid into the skin to define an irrigation area, wherein the exogenous particles are removeable from the irrigation area with the irrigation fluid; and
a pressure/suction mechanism within an inner section of the housing configured to alternate pressure and suction to the irrigation area to facilitate removal of the irrigation fluid and at least a portion of the exogenous particles from the irrigation area.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the inner section of the housing is configured to form one or more channels within a portion of the irrigation area, wherein the irrigation fluid and the at least the portion of the exogenous particles are removed through the one or more channels.
3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the inner section of the housing comprises at least one microneedle or coring needle to form the one or more channels within the portion of the irrigation area.
4. The device of claim 2 , wherein the inner section of the housing is configured to draw a portion of the irrigation area therein to form the one or more channels within the portion of the irrigation area.
5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the irrigation area is within a dermis of the skin.
6. The device of claim 1 , further comprising an adhesive material along at least a portion of the housing to attach the housing to the skin.
7. The device of claim 6 , wherein the housing comprises a domed portion to be placed away from the skin and a substantially flat portion to be placed on the skin, wherein the adhesive material is along at least a portion of the substantially flat portion.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the irrigation fluid comprises a biocompatible fluid and an additive.
9. The device of claim 8 , wherein the additive is a pharmaceutical agent, an enzyme, a natural product, and/or a venom.
10. The device of claim 8 , wherein the additive is capable of at least one of lysing cells, making the skin more porous, preventing or inhibiting phagocytosis, creating localized edema, and facilitating removal of the irrigation fluid.
11. The device of claim 8 , wherein the biocompatible fluid comprises at least one of saline and water.
12. The device of claim 1 , wherein the irrigation fluid comprises a pressurized fluid.
13. A method for removing exogenous particles from skin, the method comprising:
attaching a device to the skin;
injecting an irrigation fluid into the skin to define an irrigation area, wherein the exogenous particles are removeable from the irrigation area with the irrigation fluid; and
alternating pressure and suction to the irrigation area to remove the irrigation fluid and at least a portion of the exogenous particles from the irrigation area.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the device comprises a housing, at least one fluid injection mechanism within an outer section of the housing configured to inject the irrigation fluid into the skin to define the irrigation area, and a pressure/suction mechanism within an inner section of the housing configured to alternate pressure and suction to the irrigation area.
15. The method of claim 14 , further comprising forming one or more channels within a portion of the irrigation area, wherein the irrigation fluid and the at least the portion of the exogenous particles are removed through the one or more channels.
16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising drawing a portion of the irrigation area into the inner section of the housing to form the one or more channels within the portion of the irrigation area.
17. The method of claim 13 , wherein the applying further comprises using an adhesive material along at least a portion of the housing to attach the housing to the skin.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the housing comprises a domed portion to be placed away from the skin and a substantially flat portion to be placed on the skin, wherein the adhesive material is along at least a portion of the substantially flat portion.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US17/401,623 US20210369502A1 (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2021-08-13 | Systems and methods for removing exogenous particles from the skin of a patient |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201662278014P | 2016-01-13 | 2016-01-13 | |
PCT/US2017/013548 WO2017124028A1 (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2017-01-13 | Systems and methods for removing exogenous particles from the skin of a patient |
US201816069339A | 2018-07-11 | 2018-07-11 | |
US17/401,623 US20210369502A1 (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2021-08-13 | Systems and methods for removing exogenous particles from the skin of a patient |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US16/069,339 Division US11103387B2 (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2017-01-13 | Systems and methods for removing exogenous particles from the skin of a patient |
PCT/US2017/013548 Division WO2017124028A1 (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2017-01-13 | Systems and methods for removing exogenous particles from the skin of a patient |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20210369502A1 true US20210369502A1 (en) | 2021-12-02 |
Family
ID=59311683
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US16/069,339 Active 2037-12-04 US11103387B2 (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2017-01-13 | Systems and methods for removing exogenous particles from the skin of a patient |
US17/401,623 Pending US20210369502A1 (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2021-08-13 | Systems and methods for removing exogenous particles from the skin of a patient |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US16/069,339 Active 2037-12-04 US11103387B2 (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2017-01-13 | Systems and methods for removing exogenous particles from the skin of a patient |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US11103387B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP4324404A3 (en) |
CN (1) | CN109152878B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017124028A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11490947B2 (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2022-11-08 | Clear Intradermal Technologies, Inc. | Tattoo removal using a liquid-gas mixture with plasma gas bubbles |
EP3294419A1 (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2018-03-21 | Clearit, LLC | Systems and methods for tattoo removal using cold plasma |
US11324673B2 (en) | 2016-11-18 | 2022-05-10 | Miraki Innovation Think Tank Llc | Cosmetic appearance of skin |
JP7085762B2 (en) | 2017-04-05 | 2022-06-17 | ミラキ イノベーション シンク タンク エルエルシー | Cold slurry confinement |
CN110868968A (en) | 2017-04-05 | 2020-03-06 | 米拉基创新智库有限责任公司 | Delivery point-cooled slurry generation |
US10500342B2 (en) | 2017-08-21 | 2019-12-10 | Miraki Innovation Think Tank Llc | Cold slurry syringe |
CN113329707A (en) | 2018-12-19 | 2021-08-31 | 克利里特有限责任公司 | System and method for tattoo removal using an applied electric field |
WO2022108800A1 (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-05-27 | ClearIt, LLC | Tattoo removal using irradiation and fluid extraction |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100228206A1 (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2010-09-09 | Medela Holding Ag | Wound cover connecting device |
US20130123746A1 (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2013-05-16 | Rejuvatek Medical Llc | Tattoo removal system |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10056114A1 (en) * | 2000-11-04 | 2002-05-29 | Wolfgang Malodobry | Scar-free tattoo removal |
US20040092920A1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2004-05-13 | Eyal Rozenshpeer | Cutting and removal of biologic tissue by pressurized propulsion of ice particles |
IL156374A0 (en) * | 2003-06-10 | 2004-01-04 | Danenberg Holdings 2000 Ltd N | Method for removing a pigmented section of skin |
JP2003339875A (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2003-12-02 | Hirokatsu Kimura | Tatoo eliminating device |
IL157696A0 (en) * | 2003-09-01 | 2004-03-28 | Hawk Medical Technologies Ltd | Apparatus and method for removing a pigmented section of skin |
US20060258992A1 (en) * | 2003-09-24 | 2006-11-16 | Remo Stoop | Tattoo-removing substance |
WO2006020605A2 (en) * | 2004-08-10 | 2006-02-23 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Device and method for the delivery and/or elimination of compounds in tissue |
DE102005034242A1 (en) * | 2005-07-18 | 2007-01-25 | Karin-Sophie Koziol | Procedure for removing tattoos and scars from the skin |
BRPI0614477A2 (en) * | 2005-08-01 | 2011-03-29 | Hawk Medical Technologies Ltd | use of salicylic acid for eradication of pigmentation in a skin area, eradication apparatus and method of using a skin piercing apparatus |
WO2008011625A2 (en) * | 2006-07-21 | 2008-01-24 | Georgia Tech Researh Corporation | Microneedle devices and methods of drug delivery or fluid withdrawal |
JP2010522604A (en) | 2007-03-29 | 2010-07-08 | キユーポラ・メデイカル・リミテツド | Apparatus and system for skin treatment |
ES2612061T3 (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2017-05-11 | The Queen's University Of Belfast | Device and delivery method |
IL212262A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2014-05-28 | Hawk Medical Technologies Ltd | Skin puncturing apparatus for use in a non-surgical method for eradication of tattoos |
US8394359B1 (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-03-12 | Michael P. O'Neil | Tattoo removal system and method |
BR112016002695B1 (en) | 2013-08-09 | 2022-09-20 | Cytrellis Biosystems, Inc | DEVICE WITH AN ABLATIVE DEVICE, A REMOVAL DEVICE AND A POSITIONING DEVICE |
US9358376B2 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2016-06-07 | Ormedix, Inc. | Microneedle roller |
US10894151B2 (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2021-01-19 | Carnegie Mellon University | Biosensor tattoos and uses therefor for biomarker monitoring |
-
2017
- 2017-01-13 EP EP23215370.0A patent/EP4324404A3/en active Pending
- 2017-01-13 CN CN201780017013.1A patent/CN109152878B/en active Active
- 2017-01-13 EP EP17739099.4A patent/EP3402550B1/en active Active
- 2017-01-13 WO PCT/US2017/013548 patent/WO2017124028A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-01-13 US US16/069,339 patent/US11103387B2/en active Active
-
2021
- 2021-08-13 US US17/401,623 patent/US20210369502A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100228206A1 (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2010-09-09 | Medela Holding Ag | Wound cover connecting device |
US20130123746A1 (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2013-05-16 | Rejuvatek Medical Llc | Tattoo removal system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3402550A4 (en) | 2019-09-25 |
CN109152878A (en) | 2019-01-04 |
WO2017124028A1 (en) | 2017-07-20 |
EP3402550B1 (en) | 2023-12-13 |
US11103387B2 (en) | 2021-08-31 |
EP4324404A2 (en) | 2024-02-21 |
CN109152878B (en) | 2021-04-13 |
US20180311079A1 (en) | 2018-11-01 |
EP3402550A1 (en) | 2018-11-21 |
EP4324404A3 (en) | 2024-04-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20210369502A1 (en) | Systems and methods for removing exogenous particles from the skin of a patient | |
WO2009130926A1 (en) | Endermic method, needle organizer and endermic injector device | |
WO2014106258A1 (en) | Cold plasma electroporation of medication and associated methods | |
CN114939229B (en) | Microneedle assembly | |
US20200360576A1 (en) | Systems and methods that facilitate tattoo removal | |
KR20190042001A (en) | Non-invasive transportation method | |
CN103071210A (en) | Injector needle head with needle point in bionic form | |
CN203436636U (en) | Syringe needle with bionic-form point | |
Pawar et al. | Microneedles: novel approach to transdermal drug delivery system | |
CN108525077A (en) | Acupoint injection therapy fixed-point apparatus by superficial temporal artery | |
CN103111019B (en) | Straight inserting type self-pressing medication injecting hollow microneedle device | |
CN113082500A (en) | Transdermal delivery device and method of manufacture | |
US11071540B2 (en) | Lifting member | |
CN214260363U (en) | Nano microneedle | |
CN215084195U (en) | Percutaneous delivery device | |
KR102335712B1 (en) | Composition for lipolysis and injection apparatus thereof | |
CN117547726A (en) | Percutaneous administration micro-device | |
KR102535229B1 (en) | Optical treatment needle patches and manufacturing methods | |
US20220395258A1 (en) | Interstitial fluid removal device | |
US20210085945A1 (en) | Non-invasive Transportation Method | |
US20180193638A1 (en) | Wearable injection device integrating iontophoresis and microneedle | |
CN117582395A (en) | Plasma activated ice microneedle preparation device and method | |
CN205796243U (en) | A kind of injection device with hollow metal microneedle array for medicine conveying | |
KR20240030301A (en) | Microneedle device with reduced drug waste and manufacturing method thereof | |
KR20230111805A (en) | Composite microneedle patch |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: DOCKETED NEW CASE - READY FOR EXAMINATION |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: THE GENERAL HOSPITAL CORPORATION, MASSACHUSETTS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ANDERSON, RICHARD ROX;FARINELLI, WILLIAM;SAKAMOTO, FERNANDA H.;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20181112 TO 20181113;REEL/FRAME:063909/0655 |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: RESPONSE TO NON-FINAL OFFICE ACTION ENTERED AND FORWARDED TO EXAMINER |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED |