US20210227880A1 - Smoking product, method for producing said smoking product, and method for distinguishing granular activated carbon - Google Patents

Smoking product, method for producing said smoking product, and method for distinguishing granular activated carbon Download PDF

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US20210227880A1
US20210227880A1 US17/231,799 US202117231799A US2021227880A1 US 20210227880 A1 US20210227880 A1 US 20210227880A1 US 202117231799 A US202117231799 A US 202117231799A US 2021227880 A1 US2021227880 A1 US 2021227880A1
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Prior art keywords
activated carbon
granular activated
granular
smoking product
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Toshitaka UMETSU
Noritoshi Fujita
Hiroshi SHIBUICHI
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Japan Tobacco Inc
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Japan Tobacco Inc
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Assigned to JAPAN TOBACCO INC. reassignment JAPAN TOBACCO INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SHIBUICHI, Hiroshi, FUJITA, NORITOSHI, UMETSU, TOSHITAKA
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/16—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
    • A24D3/163—Carbon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
    • A24D3/10—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent of cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/16—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a smoking product including a granular activated carbon in a filter, a method for producing the smoking product, and a method for distinguishing a granular activated carbon.
  • Patent document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication (Translation of PCT Application) No. 2010-527599
  • Non patent document 1 N. Ishizaki, “Activated Carbon Guidebook-Second edition-” Edited by H. Yanai, Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun, Ltd., Jul. 27, 1996
  • the activated carbon added to a filter generally has an acetone adsorption capacity of less than 30% in terms of mass fraction.
  • the present invention provides a smoking product including, in a filter, a granular activated carbon that has an acetone adsorption capacity higher than or equal to that of known granular activated carbons and that allows determination of the authenticity of smoking products, and also provides a method for producing the smoking product.
  • the present inventor has found that the above object can be achieved by using a smoking product that includes a tobacco rod portion and a filter portion including a granular activated carbon, wherein the granular activated carbon having a lightness L* of 11.50 or more and 19.00 or less in the CIE Lab colorimetric system and an acetone adsorption capacity of 29.0% or more and 41.0% or less in terms of mass fraction.
  • the present invention has been made.
  • the present invention is as follows.
  • a smoking product including, in a filter, a granular activated carbon which has an acetone adsorption capacity higher than or equal to that of known granular activated carbons and with which the determination of the authenticity of smoking products can be easily performed, a method for producing the smoking product, and a method for providing the granular activated carbon.
  • FIG. 1 is a photograph illustrating the outer appearance of granular coconut shell activated carbons in Example 2 and Comparative Example 3.
  • the smoking product of the present invention may have a publicly known configuration except for a granular activated carbon added to a filter portion.
  • the smoking product may include a tobacco rod portion obtained by wrapping a typical tobacco filler such as shredded tobacco with a tobacco wrapping paper and a filter portion attached to one end of the tobacco rod portion.
  • a tobacco leaf raw material that is a raw material for shredded tobacco or the like included in the tobacco rod portion may be a shredded tobacco leaf raw material or an unshredded tobacco leaf raw material.
  • a mesophyll portion (lamina) or a vein portion (midrib) obtained by separating tobacco leaves may be used, or a tobacco stem portion that is not a tobacco leaf portion may be contained.
  • the tobacco leaf raw material may be a raw material shredded so as to have a shredding width of 0.1 to 2.0 mm.
  • the tobacco leaf varieties may be main varieties such as yellow varieties, burley varieties, native varieties, and orient varieties, or fermented leaves using the foregoing.
  • the water content of a typical tobacco filler such as shredded tobacco included in the tobacco rod portion is not particularly limited, and may be 10 to 15 wt % and is preferably 11 to 13 wt %. At such a water content, the occurrence of a stain on the wrapping paper is suppressed and the machinability during the production of the smoking product is improved.
  • the outer surface of the filter portion may be wrapped with a tipping paper with a filter wrapper and a shaping paper disposed inside the tipping paper, which serve as a filter wrapping paper. Wrapping with a filter wrapper will be described below in detail.
  • the filter portion is constituted by one or more filter sections, and a publicly known material can be appropriately used for any of the filter sections.
  • acetate tow can be used as a material.
  • the single yarn fineness, total fineness, and sectional shape of the acetate tow are not particularly limited.
  • the filter wrapping paper is used to wrap the outer surface of a filter for publicly known smoking products, and is a collective term for tipping paper, shaping paper, and filter wrapper.
  • the filter wrapper is used to achieve cylindrical wrapping while being in direct contact with a filter tow.
  • the shaping paper is used to, when a plurality of filter sections wrapped with the filter wrapper is present, fix the plurality of filter sections.
  • the tipping paper is used to join the tobacco rod portion and the filter portion to each other.
  • Such a filter wrapping paper can be made of a publicly known material.
  • the filter portion is used in a form in which a plurality of filter sections is connected to each other using a shaping paper, and is generally joined to the tobacco rod portion using a tipping paper.
  • the most downstream filter section, held in a user's mouth, of the filter portion including a plurality of filter sections is preferably a white acetate tow-filled filter section to which a granular activated carbon is not added from the viewpoint of appearance.
  • the filter portion of the smoking product according to the present invention includes a granular activated carbon.
  • Activated carbon refers to a substance that is mainly composed of porous carbon that has been subjected to chemical or physical treatment (activation) to increase the adsorption efficacy for the purpose of, for example, selectively separating, removing, or purifying a particular substance.
  • the activated carbon included in the filter portion of the smoking product according to the present invention is a granular activated carbon, which is a collective term for a pulverized carbon having a particle size of 150 ⁇ m or more.
  • the particle size of the granular activated carbon included in the filter portion of the smoking product according to the present invention can be changed in accordance with the required performance and the filter structure.
  • the inside of a cylinder having a circumference of about 16.8 mm to 25.8 mm, which is a typical size of a filter portion for cigarettes, can be relatively uniformly filled with the granular activated carbon.
  • the weight of a granular activated carbon added to the filter portion may vary between tobacco rods.
  • the granular activated carbon has a particle size of less than 150 ⁇ m, dust of activated carbon is generated during the production of the filter portion including a granular activated carbon, which contaminates the production apparatus and complicates the cleaning process. Furthermore, when a filter portion to which a granular activated carbon is not added is produced using the same production apparatus, the filter portion may be contaminated.
  • the particle size of the granular activated carbon can be adjusted in accordance with the pulverizing method of a granular activated carbon and the pulverizing time. Alternatively, the particle size can be adjusted in accordance with the opening of a sieve used in a sieving process of the granular activated carbon.
  • the amount of a granular activated carbon added to the filter portion of the smoking product according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 200 mg per filter length 10 mm (filter circumference: about 16.8 mm to 25.8 mm).
  • the granular activated carbon included in the filter portion of the smoking product according to the present invention is preferably activated by a gas activation method from the viewpoint of relatively easily achieving scale-up and providing a high-purity granular activated carbon.
  • the activation time in the gas activation method is dependent on the type of gas activation apparatus used, and is generally in the range of 0.5 hours or longer and 30 hours or shorter.
  • the activation time can be changed in accordance with the intended lightness, color difference, and acetone adsorption capacity of the granular activated carbon. In general, when the activation time increases, the lightness and the color difference decrease and the acetone adsorption capacity improves.
  • the granular activated carbon included in the filter portion of the smoking product according to the present invention can be activated in an apparatus typically used in the gas activation method, such as a rotary kiln or a fluidized-bed activation furnace.
  • a fluidized-bed activation furnace is preferably used because a granular activated carbon having a lightness and a color difference within particular numerical ranges described later is easily provided.
  • the acetone adsorption capacity of the granular activated carbon included in the filter portion of the smoking product according to the present invention is 29.0% or more and 41.0% or less in terms of mass fraction.
  • the acetone adsorption capacity of the granular activated carbon is measured in conformity with JIS K 1474.
  • the lower limit of the acetone adsorption capacity of the granular activated carbon is less than 29.0% in terms of mass fraction, the lightness L* and the color difference ⁇ E of the granular activated carbon will be outside the particular numerical ranges described later. Consequently, the granular activated carbon cannot be used for determining the authenticity of smoking products.
  • the granular activated carbon embrittles, which may cause contamination of the filter portion due to pieces or the like of the granular activated carbon when the granular activated carbon is added to the filter portion.
  • the acetone adsorption capacity of the granular activated carbon is preferably 29.0% or more and 40.0% or less, more preferably 30.0% or more and 40.0% or less, and further preferably 33.0% or more and 38.0% or less in terms of mass fraction.
  • the acetone adsorption capacity of the granular activated carbon can be controlled by the method for activating a granular activated carbon or in accordance with the degree of activation adjusted by the activation temperature and the activation time.
  • the lightness L* in the CIE Lab colorimetric system of the granular activated carbon included in the filter portion of the smoking product according to the present invention is 11.50 or more and 19.00 or less.
  • the lightness L* of the granular activated carbon is preferably 12.00 or more and 18.00 or less, more preferably 12.00 or more and 17.50 or less, and further preferably 12.00 or more and 13.50 or less.
  • the granular activated carbon can be used for determining the authenticity of smoking products while an acetone adsorption capacity higher than or equal to that of known granular activated carbons is achieved. Furthermore, a change in specifications of the granular activated carbon is not easily recognized by users.
  • the granular activated carbon embrittles, which may cause contamination of the filter portion due to pieces or the like of the granular activated carbon when the granular activated carbon is added to the filter portion.
  • the granular activated carbon cannot be used for determining the authenticity of smoking products, and an acetone adsorption capacity higher than or equal to that of known granular activated carbons cannot be achieved.
  • the lightness L* of the granular activated carbon can be controlled by the method for activating a granular activated carbon or in accordance with the degree of activation adjusted by the activation temperature and the activation time.
  • the color difference ⁇ E in the CIE Lab colorimetric system of the granular activated carbon included in the filter portion of the smoking product according to the present invention is a value calculated on the basis of the blank lightness L* and chromaticities a* and b* described later.
  • the color difference ⁇ E in the CIE Lab colorimetric system of the granular activated carbon included in the filter portion of the smoking product according to the present invention is preferably 14.00 or more and 21.50 or less, more preferably 14.50 or more and 20.50 or less, further preferably 14.50 or more and 20.00 or less, and particularly preferably 14.50 or more and 16.00 or less.
  • the granular activated carbon can be used for determining the authenticity of smoking products while an acetone adsorption capacity higher than or equal to that of known granular activated carbons is achieved. Furthermore, a change in specifications of the granular activated carbon is not easily recognized by users.
  • the color difference ⁇ E of the granular activated carbon can be controlled by the method for activating a granular activated carbon or in accordance with the degree of activation adjusted by the activation temperature and the activation time.
  • the authenticity of smoking products can be determined. Therefore, the granular activated carbon included in the filter portion of the smoking product according to the present invention does not require coloring performed in the prior art.
  • the method for producing a smoking product according to the present invention may employ a process including publicly known steps, except for a step of providing a granular activated carbon having a lightness L* in a particular numerical range or a step of providing a granular activated carbon having a lightness L* and a color difference ⁇ E in particular numerical ranges.
  • the method includes at least one of a step of wrapping shredded tobacco with a wrapping paper using an existing technique, a step of performing cutting to a length of a single smoking product to produce a tobacco rod portion, and a step of joining a tobacco rod portion to both ends of a filter portion for two smoking products and performing wrapping with a tipping paper for two smoking products.
  • the method further optionally includes, after the above step, a step of performing cutting to a length of a single smoking product at the center in the longitudinal direction to produce two smoking products.
  • the tobacco leaf raw material that is a raw material for shredded tobacco or the like included in the tobacco rod portion may be the same as the above-described tobacco leaf raw material. That is, the tobacco leaf raw material may be a shredded tobacco leaf raw material or an unshredded tobacco leaf raw material.
  • the tobacco leaf raw material either a mesophyll portion (lamina) or a vein portion (midrib) obtained by separating tobacco leaves may be used, or a tobacco stem portion that is not a tobacco leaf portion may be contained.
  • the tobacco leaf raw material may be a raw material shredded so as to have a shredding width of 0.1 to 2.0 mm.
  • the tobacco leaf varieties may be main varieties such as yellow varieties, burley varieties, native varieties, and orient varieties, or fermented leaves using the foregoing.
  • a paper sheet is used as a filter material
  • the following steps can be appropriately combined: a step of adding a granular activated carbon that has a particular lightness or a particular lightness and color difference and that is sorted in a process described later to the paper sheet from above by an addition mechanism, a step of folding the paper sheet in a trumpet portion of a filter wrapping machine into a cylindrical shape having a certain diameter and wrapping the folded paper sheet with a filter wrapper, and a step of performing cutting to a certain length to produce a filter portion.
  • acetate tow When acetate tow is used as a filter material, for example, the following steps can be appropriately combined: a step of spreading acetate tow and optionally adding, for example, triacetylene as a plasticizer for the acetate tow; a step of adding a granular activated carbon having a particular lightness or a particular lightness and color difference and sorted in a process described later by an addition mechanism, then performing bundling to a certain diameter, and performing wrapping with a filter wrapper; and a step of performing cutting to a certain length to produce a filter portion.
  • a step of spreading acetate tow and optionally adding, for example, triacetylene as a plasticizer for the acetate tow a step of adding a granular activated carbon having a particular lightness or a particular lightness and color difference and sorted in a process described later by an addition mechanism, then performing bundling to a certain diameter, and performing wrapping with a filter wrapper; and a step of performing
  • any of the filter portions produced through the above process and including a granular activated carbon is used in a form in which a plurality of filter sections are connected to each other using a shaping paper, and generally joined to the tobacco rod portion using a tipping paper.
  • the most downstream filter section, held in a user's mouth, of the filter portion including a plurality of filter sections is preferably a white acetate tow-filled filter section to which a granular activated carbon is not added from the viewpoint of appearance.
  • An example of the form in which a plurality of filter sections is connected to each other using a shaping paper is a form in which two filter sections are fixed using a shaping paper with a space therebetween and the space is filled with a granular activated carbon.
  • the amount of a granular activated carbon added per filter length can be increased compared with the form in which a granular activated carbon is added to the filter sections formed of a paper sheet or acetate tow.
  • the amount of a granular activated carbon added to the filter portion is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 200 mg per filter length 10 mm (filter circumference: about 16.8 mm to 25.8 mm).
  • the step of providing a granular activated carbon includes a step of numerically expressing a color of a granular activated carbon in the CIE Lab colorimetric system and a step of sorting, as a granular activated carbon added to a filter portion of a smoking product, a granular activated carbon having a lightness L* of 11.50 or more and 19.00 or less from the granular activated carbons having a numerically expressed color.
  • the step of numerically expressing a color of a granular activated carbon in the CIE Lab colorimetric system is a step of numerically expressing a color by measuring the lightness L*, chromaticity a*, and chromaticity b* of the granular activated carbon in the CIE Lab colorimetric system in conformity with JIS K 8730 using a colorimeter (e.g., SM-T45 manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.).
  • the granular activated carbon sample to be measured is preferably prepared in conformity with JIS K 7373.
  • a granular activated carbon having a lightness L* of 11.50 or more and 19.00 or less
  • the lightness L* is preferably 12.00 or more and 18.00 or less, more preferably 12.00 or more and 17.50 or less, and further preferably 12.00 or more and 13.50 or less.
  • the process is not particularly limited as long as a granular activated carbon having a lightness L* within the above range and a granular activated carbon having a lightness L* outside the above range can be separated from each other.
  • the method for producing a smoking product according to the present invention may include a step of providing a granular activated carbon that has a lightness L* of 11.50 or more and 19.00 or less in the CIE Lab colorimetric system and that also has a color difference ⁇ E of 14.00 or more and 21.50 or less in the CIE Lab colorimetric system.
  • the step of providing a granular activated carbon includes a step of numerically expressing a color of a granular activated carbon in the CIE Lab colorimetric system and a step of sorting, as a granular activated carbon added to a filter portion of a smoking product, a granular activated carbon having a lightness L* of 11.50 or more and 19.00 or less and also having a color difference ⁇ E of 14.00 or more and 21.50 or less from the granular activated carbons having a numerically expressed color.
  • the step of numerically expressing a color of a granular activated carbon in the CIE Lab colorimetric system includes a step of numerically expressing a color by measuring the lightness L*, chromaticity a*, and chromaticity b* of the granular activated carbon and the blank in the CIE Lab colorimetric system in conformity with JIS K 8730 using a colorimeter (e.g., SM-T45 manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.) and a step of calculating the color difference ⁇ E of the granular activated carbon from the obtained lightness L*, chromaticity a*, and chromaticity b* in conformity with JIS K 8730.
  • the granular activated carbon sample to be measured is preferably prepared in conformity with JIS K 7373.
  • a granular activated carbon having a lightness L* of 11.50 or more and 19.00 or less and also having a color difference ⁇ E of 14.00 or more and 21.50 or less
  • the lightness L* is preferably 12.00 or more and 18.00 or less, more preferably 12.00 or more and 17.50 or less, and further preferably 12.00 or more and 13.50 or less.
  • the color difference ⁇ E is preferably 14.50 or more and 20.50 or less, more preferably 14.50 or more and 20.00 or less, and further preferably 14.50 or more and 16.00 or less.
  • the process is not particularly limited as long as a granular activated carbon having a lightness L* and a color difference ⁇ E within the above ranges and a granular activated carbon having a lightness L* and a color difference ⁇ E outside the above ranges can be separated from each other.
  • the method for producing a smoking product according to the present invention may include a step of adding, to a filter portion through the above-described publicly known step, the granular activated carbon that has a lightness L* and a color difference ⁇ E in the CIE Lab colorimetric system within the above ranges and that has been provided in the step of providing a granular activated carbon.
  • the method for producing a smoking product according to the present invention includes the above-described step of providing a granular activated carbon
  • a smoking product including, in a filter portion, a granular activated carbon that has an acetone adsorption capacity higher than or equal to that of known granular activated carbons and that allows determination of the authenticity of smoking products based on color can be produced.
  • a granular activated carbon having a particular lightness L* and the like is used as described above, which does not require processing such as coloring of the granular activated carbon.
  • the method for distinguishing a granular activated carbon added to a smoking product filter according to the present invention includes a step of numerically expressing a color of the granular activated carbon in the CIE Lab colorimetric system and a step of sorting, as a granular activated carbon added to a smoking product filter, a granular activated carbon having a lightness L* of 11.50 or more and 19.00 or less in the CIE Lab colorimetric system.
  • the step of numerically expressing a color of the granular activated carbon in the CIE Lab colorimetric system is a step of numerically expressing a color by measuring the lightness L*, chromaticity a*, and chromaticity b* of the granular activated carbon in the CIE Lab colorimetric system in conformity with JIS K 8730 using a colorimeter (e.g., SM-T45 manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.).
  • the granular activated carbon sample to be measured is preferably prepared in conformity with JIS K 7373.
  • a granular activated carbon having a lightness L* of 11.50 or more and 19.00 or less
  • the lightness L* is preferably 12.00 or more and 18.00 or less, more preferably 12.00 or more and 17.50 or less, and further preferably 12.00 or more and 13.50 or less.
  • the sorting process is not particularly limited as long as a granular activated carbon having a lightness L* within the above range and a granular activated carbon having a lightness L* outside the above range can be separated from each other.
  • the method for distinguishing a granular activated carbon added to a smoking product filter according to the present invention may include a step of sorting, as a granular activated carbon added to a smoking product filter, a granular activated carbon having a lightness L* of 11.50 or more and 19.00 or less and also having a color difference ⁇ E of 14.00 or more and 21.50 or less in the CIE Lab colorimetric system.
  • the step of sorting a granular activated carbon as a granular activated carbon added to a filter portion of a smoking product includes a step of numerically expressing a color by measuring the lightness L*, chromaticity a*, and chromaticity b* of the granular activated carbon and the blank in the CIE Lab colorimetric system in conformity with JIS K 8730 using a colorimeter (e.g., SM-T45 manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.) and a step of calculating the color difference ⁇ E of the granular activated carbon from the obtained lightness L*, chromaticity a*, and chromaticity b* in conformity with JIS K 8730.
  • the granular activated carbon sample to be measured is preferably prepared in conformity with JIS K 7373.
  • the lightness L* is preferably 12.00 or more and 18.00 or less, more preferably 12.00 or more and 17.50 or less, and further preferably 12.00 or more and 13.50 or less.
  • the color difference ⁇ E is preferably 14.50 or more and 20.50 or less, more preferably 14.50 or more and 20.00 or less, and further preferably 14.50 or more and 16.00 or less.
  • the sorting process is not particularly limited as long as a granular activated carbon having a lightness L* and a color difference ⁇ E within the above ranges and a granular activated carbon having a lightness L* and a color difference ⁇ E outside the above ranges can be separated from each other.
  • a granular activated carbon that has an acetone adsorption capacity higher than or equal to that of known granular activated carbons and that is advantageous for determining the authenticity of smoking products based on color can be objectively sorted without subjectivity.
  • Kuraray Co., Ltd. was asked to produce prototypes under the following conditions, and the produced prototypes were purchased from Kuraray Co., Ltd.
  • the raw material for each of the samples in all Examples and Comparative Examples was a coarsely pulverized coconut shell charcoal before activation treatment, which is used to produce a granular coconut shell activated carbon “KURARAY COAL (registered trademark) GGS-N28/70” available from Kuraray Co., Ltd.
  • the acetone adsorption capacity (catalog value) of the granular coconut shell activated carbon is 25 ⁇ 2% in terms of mass fraction.
  • Comparative Example 1 a granular coconut shell charcoal obtained by performing pulverizing and sieving treatment so as to have the same particle size distribution as in Comparative Example 3 without performing activation treatment on a coarsely pulverized coconut shell charcoal serving as a raw material was used as a sample.
  • the pulverizing and sieving treatment is the same as the pulverizing and sieving treatment performed on the above-described commercially available granular coconut shell activated carbon “KURARAY COAL (registered trademark) GGS-N28/70”.
  • the particle size distribution was adjusted by performing the pulverizing and sieving treatment so as to be the same particle size distribution as in Comparative Example 3.
  • activation treatment was performed on a coarsely pulverized coconut shell charcoal serving as a raw material using an apparatus that is the same as the fluidized-bed activation furnace used for activating the above-described commercially available granular coconut shell activated carbon “KURARAY COAL (registered trademark) GGS-N28/70”.
  • the obtained granular coconut shell activated carbon was used as a sample.
  • the activation treatment time was mainly shortened so that the degree of the activation treatment was lower than that of activation treatment performed on the above-described commercially available granular coconut shell activated carbon, thereby controlling the acetone adsorption capacity of the obtained granular coconut shell activated carbon to about 19% in terms of mass fraction.
  • the activation treatment performed to produce the samples in Examples 1 to 4 described hereafter was also performed using an apparatus that is the same as the fluidized-bed activation furnace used for activating the above-described commercially available granular coconut shell activated carbon “KURARAY COAL (registered trademark) GGS-N28/70”.
  • a coarsely pulverized coconut shell charcoal serving as a raw material was activated with the fluidized-bed activation furnace.
  • the obtained granular coconut shell activated carbon was used as a sample.
  • the activation treatment time was mainly lengthened so that the degree of the activation treatment was higher than that of activation treatment performed on the above-described commercially available granular coconut shell activated carbon, thereby controlling the acetone adsorption capacity of the obtained granular coconut shell activated carbon to about 28% in terms of mass fraction.
  • a coarsely pulverized coconut shell charcoal serving as a raw material was activated with the fluidized-bed activation furnace.
  • the obtained granular coconut shell activated carbon was used as a sample.
  • the activation treatment time was mainly lengthened so that the degree of the activation treatment was higher than that of activation treatment in Example 1, thereby controlling the acetone adsorption capacity of the obtained granular coconut shell activated carbon to about 37% in terms of mass fraction.
  • a coarsely pulverized coconut shell charcoal serving as a raw material was activated with the fluidized-bed activation furnace.
  • the obtained granular coconut shell activated carbon was used as a sample.
  • the activation treatment time was mainly lengthened so that the degree of the activation treatment was higher than that of activation treatment in Example 2, thereby controlling the acetone adsorption capacity of the obtained granular coconut shell activated carbon to about 40% in terms of mass fraction.
  • a coarsely pulverized coconut shell charcoal serving as a raw material was activated with the fluidized-bed activation furnace.
  • the obtained granular coconut shell activated carbon was used as a sample.
  • the activation treatment time was mainly lengthened so that the degree of the activation treatment was higher than that of activation treatment in Example 3, thereby controlling the acetone adsorption capacity of the obtained granular coconut shell activated carbon to a value higher than that in Example 3 (if possible, about 45% in terms of mass fraction).
  • a coarsely pulverized coconut shell charcoal serving as a raw material was activated with a rotary kiln.
  • the obtained granular coconut shell activated carbon was used as a sample. This activation treatment was performed so that the acetone adsorption capacity of the obtained granular coconut shell activated carbon was substantially equal to that in Comparative Example 3.
  • the lightness L*, chromaticity a*, and chromaticity b* of the granular coconut shell activated carbons in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were measured by the following method.
  • Each of the samples (Comparative Examples 1 to 4 and Examples 1 to 4) with which the quartz cell was filled was measured in conformity with JIS Z 8730 using a tristimulus colorimeter (SM-T45 manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.). The reflection measurement was employed, and the optical conditions were 45° lighting-0° light receiving (45°:0°). The measurements were performed three times for each of the samples, and the average of the measured values was used as a value of the measurement results. For the blank, the measurement was performed once using only a quartz cell with which the sample was not filled.
  • SM-T45 manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.
  • the color difference ⁇ E of the granular coconut shell activated carbon was calculated from formula (I) below in conformity with JIS Z 8730.
  • ⁇ L* represents a difference between the lightness L* of each sample and the lightness L* of the blank
  • ⁇ a* represents a difference between the chromaticity a* of each sample and the chromaticity a* of the blank
  • ⁇ b* represents a difference between the chromaticity b* of each sample and the chromaticity b* of the blank.
  • Table 1 shows the measured lightness L*, chromaticity a*, and chromaticity b* of the granular coconut shell charcoal in Comparative Example 1 and the granular coconut shell activated carbons in Comparative Examples 2 to 4 and Examples 1 to 4 and the calculated color difference ⁇ E.
  • the acetone adsorption capacity of the granular activated carbon was measured in conformity with JIS K 1474.
  • Table 2 shows the measurement results of the acetone adsorption capacity of the granular coconut shell activated carbons in Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and Examples 1 to 4.
  • the granular coconut shell activated carbons in Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and Examples 1 to 4 were each encapsulated in a 40 ml transparent vial, and handed to the panelists as seven samples.
  • the panelists determined whether two different samples could be distinguished by using one sample as a reference and visually observing the other six samples.
  • the visual observation was performed by a method in which the encapsulated granular coconut shell activated carbon was observed through the transparent vial, and was then taken out from the vial, placed on a desk, and directly observed.
  • the panelists determined whether two different samples could be distinguished based on all combinations of the seven samples. The combinations of distinguishable samples were recorded.
  • Table 3 The numerical values in Table 3 are the percentage of the number of panelists that have determined the sample to be distinguishable through visual observation.
  • Table 3 shows that the samples in Comparative Examples 1 to 3 cannot be distinguished from each other.
  • Table 3 also shows that the samples in Examples 2 to 4 cannot be distinguished from each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
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JPH06105675A (ja) * 1992-09-29 1994-04-19 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd たばこフィルタ
TW369510B (en) * 1995-02-03 1999-09-11 Mitsubishi Chem Corp Activated carbon and process for producing the same
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US8066011B2 (en) * 2003-09-30 2011-11-29 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Filtered cigarette incorporating an adsorbent material
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