US20190003785A1 - Method for producing a heat exchange and heat exchanger - Google Patents

Method for producing a heat exchange and heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US20190003785A1
US20190003785A1 US15/748,638 US201615748638A US2019003785A1 US 20190003785 A1 US20190003785 A1 US 20190003785A1 US 201615748638 A US201615748638 A US 201615748638A US 2019003785 A1 US2019003785 A1 US 2019003785A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tubes
adhesive layer
connecting region
heat exchanger
another
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US15/748,638
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English (en)
Inventor
Andries Boersma
Thomas SCHIEHLEN
Holger Schroth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle International GmbH
Original Assignee
Mahle International GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mahle International GmbH filed Critical Mahle International GmbH
Publication of US20190003785A1 publication Critical patent/US20190003785A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0221—Header boxes or end plates formed by stacked elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/162—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by using bonding or sealing substances, e.g. adhesives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/02—Fastening; Joining by using bonding materials; by embedding elements in particular materials
    • F28F2275/025—Fastening; Joining by using bonding materials; by embedding elements in particular materials by using adhesives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a heat exchanger comprising tubes.
  • the invention furthermore relates to such a heat exchanger.
  • cooling modules have been manufactured for use of refrigerant and use of coolant, the cooling modules generally being manufactured with materials which are suitable for brazing, for example stainless steel, copper or aluminum. Said materials as semifinished products are coated with brazing metal.
  • the braze plating of the semifinished products consists of a material layer which has a lower melting point than the basic material. For the brazing, the parts are braced and are subsequently brazed in the furnace at a temperature which reaches close to the melting point of the basic material.
  • fluxing agents which break open or dissolve the oxide layer located on the outside.
  • brazing can usefully only connect materials of the same type to one another in order, for example, to absorb thermal elongations or not to allow the latter to arise at all.
  • the brazing can proceed successfully only if various boundary conditions, as follows, are observed: degreasing the parts, stacking and bracing the braze-plated semifinished products by means of brazing frames, brazing in the furnace at around 650° C. for several hours, checking the tightness of the parts and optionally re-brazing the parts should they not be tight.
  • Such heat exchangers are therefore disadvantageous in that the production thereof is highly costly and resource-intensive and damaging to the environment. Furthermore, only a limited number of materials are suitable for brazing, wherein the components have to be produced from materials of the same type or similar materials in order to achieve reliable brazing. In addition, components composed of different materials cannot be connected to one another at the required quality, if at all.
  • the present invention is therefore concerned with the problem of specifying, for a method for producing a heat exchanger and for such a heat exchanger, an improved or at least a different embodiment which is distinguished in particular by more economical production.
  • the present invention is based on the general concept of, in the case of a heat exchanger according to the invention comprising tubes, for the first time deforming and expanding a longitudinal end region of such tubes by means of an expanding mandrel in such a manner that to connection of the individual tubes is possible exclusively via the expanded, in particular plane, connecting regions, and therefore, in this case, a tube plate which up to now has been used in this region can be entirely dispensed with.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention is produced by an adhesive layer first of all being applied to an outer side of the individual tubes by lamination of an adhesive sheet or an adhesive film.
  • the lamination of the adhesive layer onto the outer side of the tubes constitutes a particularly economical manufacturing process which also makes it possible to apply a particularly thin, but nevertheless uniform adhesive layer.
  • the tubes are subsequently expanded on the longitudinal end sides in the respective connecting region by means of an expanding mandrel, thus resulting in flat connecting regions via which the individual tubes can later lie against one another and can be adhesively bonded to one another.
  • the tubes are then arranged parallel to one another such that they lie against one another via their respective connecting regions and at the same time form channels between the individual tubes and outside the connecting regions, through which channels a fluid can flow perpendicularly to the tubes.
  • the adhesive layer is heated at least in the connecting regions, whereupon the individual tubes are fixed to one another via their respective connecting regions.
  • the individual tubes are already held at a distance from one another, and therefore a tube plate which has been used up to now in the longitudinal end region of the tubes can now be completely omitted.
  • a brazing connection which has been used up to now in this region can be dispensed with, as a result of which, in turn, considerable advantages can be realized.
  • the adhesive layer constitutes an electrical isolator which prevents galvanic corrosion (contact corrosion) in metals of different potentials.
  • removal of fluxing agent residues can also be omitted, as can a complicated preparation of the brazing points, for example by degreasing.
  • the heating of the adhesive layer preferably leads to a change in shape and/or change in structure of the adhesive layer, which permits and/or facilitates connection of the tubes.
  • a change to the adhesive layer is, for example, softening and/or melting and/or expansion and/or hardening of the adhesive layer.
  • the connection between the components by means of the adhesive layer preferably achieves a stable state after the adhesive layer cools following the heating. This is the case in particular whenever the adhesive layer cures.
  • connection of the tubes by means of thermal adhesive bonding furthermore has the advantage that they can be separated from one another when required simply and/or without residues of the adhesive layer.
  • the adhesive layer has at least one adhesive means which, for curing, requires a temperature of between 80° C. and 400° C. in order to connect the associated connecting regions.
  • adhesive means are Makrofol®, Bayfol®, Kleberit 701.1-701.9 and the like.
  • the adhesive layer advantageously has an adhesive which has thermoplastic properties. That is to say that the adhesive can be deformed above an adhesive-specific temperature which preferably corresponds to the temperature during heating of the adhesive layer in order to connect the components.
  • the method according to the invention for connecting the tubes furthermore makes it possible to heat the adhesive layer for a relatively short time.
  • the duration of the heating is advantageously selected here in such a manner that a sufficient connection is achieved.
  • Such a short duration of heating the adhesive layer leads to reduced consumption of energy, and therefore the heat exchanger can be produced in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner.
  • Such a short heating duration is achieved in particular by an appropriate choice of the adhesive layer and/or of the layer thickness of the adhesive layer.
  • Use is preferably made of adhesive layers which have a relatively small layer thickness.
  • the method according to the invention permits adhesive layers with a layer thickness of 5 ⁇ m or less to be used.
  • use is made of adhesive layers with a layer thickness of between 5 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m.
  • the tubes are pressed against each other via their connecting regions with a contact pressure. It is also conceivable to press the tubes against one another during and/or after heating.
  • the contact pressure here can be arbitrarily large or small.
  • the limits of the contact pressure are provided here firstly by the fact that the contact pressure is intended to lead to an improved connection of the tubes, and, secondly, undesirable damage to same is not intended to be caused.
  • the method is preferably configured in such a manner here that contact pressures of between 0.1 N/mm 2 and 0.7 N/mm 2 are used for this purpose.
  • the contact pressure is produced by the expanding mandrels which are already used for expanding the longitudinal end regions and which are pushed into the respective tubes, wherein the contact pressure is realized by expansion of the tube.
  • the expanding mandrel is additionally used for heating the adhesive layer are particularly preferred. That is to say that the expanding mandrel can be heated, and therefore upon or during the pushing of the expanding mandrel into the associated tube, the adhesive layer is heated and the contact pressure realized at the same time.
  • the connection of the tubes is realized in just a few method steps and as simply and effectively as possible, in particular within a reduced time.
  • the adhesive layer can also be heated in any other manner. For example, it is possible to heat the adhesive layer in an furnace. The heating of the adhesive layer in an furnace makes it possible in particular to carry out other method steps for producing the heat exchanger in the furnace.
  • the adhesive layer can be cooled after heating.
  • This cooling can be realized in any manner.
  • cooling can be achieved by the fact that the heating of the adhesive layer is time-limited.
  • the cooling can also take place actively by the components being guided or arranged in an environment having a reduced temperature.
  • Specific cooling of the adhesive layer can also take place by the fact that a cooling device is brought into contact with the components or the adhesive layer.
  • a fin structure for example corrugated fins, is introduced between two adjacent tubes and is adhesively bonded to said tubes via the adhesive layer arranged in each case on the outside of the tubes. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly good transfer of heat into the flow channel formed by two adjacent tubes in each case.
  • At least part of a collector is arranged in the region of the connecting regions, said part comprising the connecting regions which are each arranged on the same side, and said part lying with an edge against the adhesive layer of a connecting region of a tube and being adhesively bonded to the latter.
  • a collector for example a water box or at least part of same, thereto.
  • the advantages of the heat exchanger according to the invention and of the production method thereof reside in a simpler and more cost-effective design.
  • this method as known in general in adhesive bonding, a wide variety of materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion and corrosion potential can be connected to one another, with at the same time extremely thin layer thicknesses.
  • the processing of copper material as a functional surface for the brazing or sintering of electronic components is required time and again.
  • this processing is not possible with current brazing furnaces since impurities due to the processed copper lead to corrosion to the aluminum components.
  • high thermal conductivity is ensured, which is of great advantage in particular in stacked-plate coolers.
  • the required high tightness which is generally produced only in the case of welded or brazed components, is also ensured.
  • the adhesive layer in particular in the form of an adhesive sheet, the adhesive bond is substantially more cost-effective than, for example, epoxy or silicone adhesive.
  • Application of the adhesive in bead form would require a much higher amount of material than is necessary. This therefore saves material, resources and therefore ultimately costs.
  • the processing of the adhesive is considerably simplified since the processing of the adhesive does not require any machines (pump, nozzle, valve), merely the pressing together of the parts.
  • savings are produced by means of a more rapid and simpler processing of the parts; in particular, curing times in the furnace, of several hours, for the crosslinking are not required.
  • the laminated adhesive layer requires only approx. 3 minutes under a corresponding heated device for the adhesive bonding of the individual parts, said device applying the pressure for the time mentioned.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional illustration through a heat exchanger according to the invention with expanding mandrels for expanding longitudinal end-side connecting regions of individual tubes,
  • FIG. 2 shows an illustration as in FIG. 1 , but without expanding mandrels and with part of a collector.
  • a heat exchanger 1 according to the invention has tubes 2 , the longitudinal end regions 3 of which open according to FIG. 2 into a collector 4 , for example a water box, of which only part is illustrated.
  • the tubes 2 are expanded here at the longitudinal end region 3 and are thereby provided with a connecting region 5 via which they lie against one another and thereby form or bound channels 6 which run in the orthogonal direction with respect to the tubes 2 , are arranged between the tubes 2 and run perpendicularly to the plane of the image according to FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • the individual tubes 2 are adhesively bonded to one another via their longitudinal-end-side connecting regions 5 , and therefore a tube plate which has customarily been provided up to now in this region can be completely omitted, as a result of which not only can the diversity of parts be reduced, but in addition so too can the weight and the production costs of the heat exchanger 1 according to the invention.
  • the heat exchanger 1 is produced here as follows: first of all, in a method step a), an adhesive layer 7 is applied to an outer side of the individual tubes 2 by lamination of an adhesive sheet 8 or an adhesive film 9 . Such a lamination of the adhesive layer 7 can not only take place here economically, but also extremely precisely and with an extremely small layer thickness. Subsequently, the tubes 2 in method step b) are expanded on the longitudinal end sides in their respective connecting region 5 by means of an expanding mandrel 10 , specifically in such a manner that the connecting regions 5 of two adjacent tubes 2 lie flat against each other via the adhesive layer 7 arranged in between. The tubes 2 in method step c) are now arranged parallel to one another such that they lie against one another via their respective connecting regions 5 . Subsequently, in method step d), the adhesive layer 7 is heated at least in the connecting regions 5 for the adhesive bonding of the tubes 2 and, as a result, the individual tubes 2 are fixed with respect to one another.
  • the adhesive layer 7 can be heated here, for example, to a temperature of between 80° C. and 400° C., wherein the warming or heating has to be applied only for a short time, for example less than 10 min, in particular 2 to 3 min.
  • the connecting regions 5 can be pressed against one another with a contact pressure of between 0.1 N/mm 2 and 0.7 N/mm 2 , for example by means of the individual expanding mandrels, as a result of which a more stable adhesive bond can be achieved.
  • the pressure in terms of the manufacturing is not applied by the expanding mandrels 10 , but rather onto the stack from above and then the latter is brought to a temperature (cf. FIG. 2 ).
  • the expanding mandrels 10 can have a heating device and can be heated as a result, and therefore the expanding mandrels 10 , after applying the contact pressure, can also be used at the same time for local heating of the adhesive layer 7 .
  • the adhesive layer 7 can also be heated in a furnace.
  • provision can also be made to cool the adhesive layer 7 after the heating, that is to say after method step d).
  • the adhesive layer 7 is preferably applied here with a layer thickness of between 5 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m, that is to say partly with a very small layer thickness which, however, permits electrical insulation and a reliable connection and a certain elasticity between the components adhesively bonded to one another.
  • the electrical insulation is particularly of great advantage here if, for example, tubes 2 and/or other components of different materials, that is to say with different electrical potentials, are intended to be connected to one another.
  • a fin structure 11 in particular in the manner of corrugated fins, can be introduced in the channels 6 , that is to say between the individual tubes 2 , said fin structure likewise being fixed to the opposite outer sides of two adjacent tubes 2 via the adhesive layer 7 .
  • the fin structure 11 can be introduced here before the tubes 2 are adhesively bonded to one another or after same.
  • At least part of the collector 4 is arranged in the region of the connecting regions 5 , said part comprising the connecting regions 5 and lying with an edge 12 against the adhesive layer 7 of a connecting region 5 of an outer tube 2 and being adhesively bonded to the latter.
  • the collector 4 is only partially illustrated here according to FIG. 2 .
  • the latter can therefore be produced simply and more cost-effectively, with it being possible at the same time to connect a wide variety of materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion and corrosion potential to one another, with at the same time a minimum use of adhesive.
  • the lamination of the adhesive layer 7 onto an application of such an adhesive in bead form which is associated with a significantly increased requirement of material, can be dispensed with. This also simplifies the processing of the adhesive considerably since, for example, no pumps, nozzles or valves which have to be cleaned in a complicated manner retrospectively are required.
  • the cycle time for the production of the heat exchanger 1 according to the invention can also be reduced, which likewise has an advantageous effect on the production costs.
  • the adhesive layer 7 which is used is also significantly more cost-effective than, for example, expensive brazing metal and, in addition, a complicated removal of fluxing agent residues is omitted.
  • the significantly reduced amount of energy which is required can also be considered to be a further advantage of the adhesive connections. It is above all also possible to use materials which cannot be brazed but which can be tightly connected to one another by means of the adhesive connection according to the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US15/748,638 2015-08-06 2016-08-04 Method for producing a heat exchange and heat exchanger Abandoned US20190003785A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015215045.3 2015-08-06
DE102015215045.3A DE102015215045A1 (de) 2015-08-06 2015-08-06 Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Wärmeübertragers und Wärmeübertrager
PCT/EP2016/068667 WO2017021499A1 (de) 2015-08-06 2016-08-04 Verfahren zum herstellen eines wärmeübertragers und wärmeübertrager

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20190003785A1 true US20190003785A1 (en) 2019-01-03

Family

ID=56684633

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US15/748,638 Abandoned US20190003785A1 (en) 2015-08-06 2016-08-04 Method for producing a heat exchange and heat exchanger

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20190003785A1 (de)
CN (1) CN107850406A (de)
DE (1) DE102015215045A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2017021499A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3937641A (en) * 1974-08-30 1976-02-10 General Electric Company Method of assembling adhesive joint
US4183402A (en) * 1978-05-05 1980-01-15 Union Carbide Corporation Heat exchanger headering arrangement
JP4239840B2 (ja) * 2004-02-03 2009-03-18 株式会社デンソー 熱交換器用チューブの口拡治具
JP2007212084A (ja) * 2006-02-10 2007-08-23 Denso Corp 熱交換器
JP2007268555A (ja) * 2006-03-30 2007-10-18 Xenesys Inc 熱交換器製造方法
DE102008009371A1 (de) * 2008-02-14 2009-08-20 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wärmetauschers
DE102010051996A1 (de) * 2010-06-02 2011-12-22 Gab Neumann Gmbh Verfahren zu Herstellung von Bauteilen und ein nach dem Verfahren hergestelltes Bauteil
DE102010044116A1 (de) * 2010-10-05 2011-04-07 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bauteilen
CN202274786U (zh) * 2011-05-31 2012-06-13 北京格尔合力能源科技发展有限公司 节能全焊接板式换热器
DE102011078559A1 (de) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-03 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Wärmeübertrager für ein Klimagerät eines Kraftfahrzeugs und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben

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WO2017021499A1 (de) 2017-02-09
CN107850406A (zh) 2018-03-27
DE102015215045A1 (de) 2017-02-09

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