US20180003442A1 - Device for heat transfer between a liquid and a gas and method for operating the device - Google Patents

Device for heat transfer between a liquid and a gas and method for operating the device Download PDF

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Publication number
US20180003442A1
US20180003442A1 US15/536,990 US201515536990A US2018003442A1 US 20180003442 A1 US20180003442 A1 US 20180003442A1 US 201515536990 A US201515536990 A US 201515536990A US 2018003442 A1 US2018003442 A1 US 2018003442A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
exchange
reservoir
exchange element
gas
Prior art date
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Abandoned
Application number
US15/536,990
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English (en)
Inventor
Martin Buchholz
Reiner Buchholz
Mathieu PROVOST
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Technische Universitaet Berlin
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Technische Universitaet Berlin
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technische Universitaet Berlin filed Critical Technische Universitaet Berlin
Assigned to Technische Universität Berlin reassignment Technische Universität Berlin ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BUCHHOLZ, MARTIN, BUCHHOLZ, REINER, Provost, Mathieu
Publication of US20180003442A1 publication Critical patent/US20180003442A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/06—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for heat transfer between a liquid and a gas and a method for operating the device.
  • Document DE 10 2009 000 617 A1 discloses a liquid distributor with different pathways, that are dividing the volume flows of the liquid into several portions, that allow a well distributed flow from the distributor to a wet pad, like a textile surface automatically. This is achieved by providing a number of primary distribution chambers, which are used for lower volume flows and an overflow within these chambers, distributing additional amount of the liquid to additional openings in the distributor between the first type openings, thus equally distributing the total flow at different volume flows. Distributing liquids over a large surface requires several intermediate distributors to renew an equal flow over the surface.
  • a device for heat transfer between a liquid and a gas according to claim 1 is provided.
  • a method for operating the device according to claim 13 is provided. Further embodiments are subject matter of dependent claims.
  • a device for heat transfer between a liquid and a gas comprises a gas inlet for providing the gas into an exchange region, a gas outlet for retrieving the gas from the exchange region, a liquid inlet connected to a reservoir for holding the liquid, wherein the reservoir is formed with an opening in an upper part of the reservoir, and wherein the reservoir is arranged at an upper end of the exchange region, an impounding basin, wherein the impounding basin is arranged below the reservoir, and wherein the impounding basin is formed with a liquid outlet, and an exchange element arranged in the exchange region.
  • An upper part of the exchange element is disposed through the opening of the reservoir such that the upper part of the exchange element is arranged at least partially inside the reservoir and such that the upper part of the exchange element is at least partially submerged in the liquid.
  • a method for operating the device comprises the steps of disposing an upper part of the exchange element through the opening of the reservoir such that the upper part of the exchange element is arranged at least partially inside the reservoir, filling the reservoir at least partially with the liquid such that the upper part of the exchange elements is at least partially submerged in the liquid and a flow of liquid along the exchange element is created, providing, by the gas inlet, the gas into the exchange region, such that the gas is in direct contact with the liquid in the exchange element, and retrieving, by the gas outlet, the gas from the exchange region.
  • the amount of liquid flowing down the exchange element can be controlled by the size of the upper part of the exchange which is disposed inside the reservoir and by the amount of liquid being in the reservoir (the fill level of the reservoir).
  • the liquid can be brought in contact with the exchange element by disposing a larger part of the exchange element inside the reservoir such that the exchange element is arranged deeper in the reservoir.
  • the fill level of the reservoir with the liquid can be increased.
  • the strength of the capillary force can be controlled by the size of the exchange element being submerged in the liquid.
  • increasing the fill level of the reservoir (between the level of first contact and the opening of the reservoir) leads to an increase of the capillary force.
  • a higher level of liquid means a shorter distance against gravity, resulting in a higher liquid volume flow.
  • the flow of the liquid along the exchange element can be controlled by the fill level of the reservoir. If the fill level reaches the opening of the reservoir, the liquid overflows the reservoir and is pulled by gravitation down the exchange element such that maximum volume flow is reached.
  • the exchange element may be at least partially arranged below the reservoir.
  • the reservoir can also be called a liquid distribution element.
  • the opening can be formed in an upper half of the reservoir. In one embodiment, the opening may be formed at the top of the reservoir.
  • Heat is exchanged between the liquid in the exchange element and the gas flowing along the soaked exchange element, wherein the gas is in direct contact with the liquid.
  • mass can be exchanged between the liquid and the gas.
  • the liquid can be water, a salt solution or an ionic liquid.
  • the gas can be air, natural gas, or ammonia.
  • moisture is transferred from the gas to the liquid.
  • the liquid is heated and the moisture content of the gas is reduced.
  • the heated liquid can be collected for further use.
  • the device can be used for drying natural gas.
  • the liquid By controlling the fill level in the reservoir, the liquid can be evenly distributed along the exchange element, in vertical and/or horizontal direction.
  • the liquid is distributed in horizontal direction of the exchange element by suction of the material of the exchange element.
  • the device may comprise a duct which can surround the exchange region, the reservoir and/or the impounding basin.
  • the gas inlet can be arranged in a lower portion of the device.
  • the gas outlet can be arranged in an upper portion of the device.
  • a lower part of the exchange element may be arranged at least partially inside the impounding basin.
  • the liquid flows along the exchange element until it reaches the impounding basin. Formation of droplets is avoided.
  • the lower part of the exchange element may be at least partially submerged in the liquid collected in the impounding basin.
  • the exchange element may be tubular.
  • a supporting element may be arranged inside the tubular exchange element.
  • the supporting element may be a tube, a spiral or a packing material.
  • the supporting element may be formed with a perforated surface.
  • the exchange element can be formed as a permeable duct.
  • a heat exchanger element may be arranged inside the tubular exchange element.
  • the heat exchanger element can transport a heat transfer fluid, wherein the temperature of the heat transfer fluid is different from the temperature of the liquid.
  • the heat exchanger element can be connected to a heating or cooling cycle, forming a heat exchanger unit. Walls of the heat exchanger element can be in direct contact with the liquid flowing along the exchange element.
  • the heat exchanger element can be formed as a tube or a spiral.
  • the heat exchanger element may be made from a plastic material.
  • the heat exchanger element can also provide support to the exchange element. In this case, the heat exchanger element and the supporting element are formed by a single component.
  • a lower end of the tubular exchange element may be connected to a perforated plate, and the gas inlet may be configured to provide a flow of gas through the perforated plate inside the tubular exchange element.
  • the perforated plate can be arranged above the gas inlet.
  • the gas can flow through openings in the perforated plate inside the tubular exchange element and/or inside the supporting element. After passing through the exchange element, the gas can be removed from the device by the gas outlet.
  • the exchange element may be flat.
  • the exchange element may be formed with two or more layers.
  • a separation element may be arranged in the exchange region, wherein the layers of the exchange element are separated in the exchange region by the separation element.
  • the two layers of the exchange element may be arranged parallel to each other in the exchange region by the separation element.
  • the two layers of the exchange element may be in direct contact with each other within the reservoir.
  • the supporting element may be formed by stabs or tensed ropes.
  • the heat exchanger element can be exposed to the flat exchange element.
  • the heat exchanger tube may be disposed between two layers of the exchange material or within the layers of the exchange element (if the exchange element comprises three or more layers).
  • the exchange element may be made of an absorbent material, for example a textile, e.g. cotton fabric.
  • each exchange element can be arranged in the exchange region, wherein an upper part of each exchange element is disposed at least partly in the reservoir.
  • the liquid can be moved to the liquid inlet by at least one of the following methods.
  • a liquid pump can be connected to the liquid inlet.
  • the flow of the liquid can be controlled by controlling the operational speed of the liquid pump.
  • a liquid source can be arranged above the liquid inlet and the pressure of liquid at the liquid inlet and the related mass flow of the liquid are at least partially controlled by controlling the opening level of the liquid inlet, e.g. using a throttle valve.
  • the gas can be moved through from the gas inlet through the exchange region to the gas outlet using a ventilator and/or using natural convection, e.g. due to differences of gas density between in- and outgoing gas caused by heat transfer between liquid and gas within the exchange region.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a device for heat transfer between a liquid and a gas.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of a device for heat transfer between a liquid and a gas.
  • FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of a device for heat transfer between a liquid and a gas.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a heat (and mass) transfer device.
  • the device comprises a duct 3 .
  • the reservoir 7 , the exchange element 11 and the impounding basin 9 are arranged within the duct 3 .
  • a gas inlet 4 is formed in a lower region of the duct 3 .
  • a gas outlet 5 is formed at an upper region of the duct 3 .
  • a gas stream flows from the gas inlet 4 to the gas outlet 5 .
  • a reservoir 7 is arranged which is in connection to a liquid inlet 6 .
  • a liquid impounding basin 9 is arranged below the reservoir 7 .
  • An exchange element 11 (also called wet pad) is arranged between the reservoir 7 and the impounding basin 9 .
  • An upper part 11 a of the exchange element is disposed through an opening 20 of the reservoir 7 such that the upper part 11 a is arranged inside the reservoir 7 .
  • the upper part 11 a may touch a bottom of the reservoir.
  • Liquid 2 is filled in the reservoir via the liquid inlet 6 . When the liquid 2 contacts the upper part 11 a of the exchange element 11 , capillary forces draw the liquid along the exchange element (against the force of gravity).
  • the strength of the capillary forces is determined.
  • Liquid flows along the upper part 11 a of the exchange element 11 until it reaches the opening 20 .
  • the opening 20 provides an overflow 8 .
  • the liquid 2 is gathered in the impounding basin 9 which is formed with a liquid outlet 10 for retrieving the liquid 2 .
  • a lower part 11 c of the exchange element 11 is arranged in the impounding basin 9 .
  • a stream of gas is provided by a gas inlet 4 .
  • the gas streams along the exchange elements where it is in direct contact with the liquid. Heat (and mass) can be exchanged between the gas and the liquid.
  • the gas is retrieved from the device by a gas outlet 5 .
  • FIG. 2 Another embodiment of the device is shown in FIG. 2 .
  • Several exchange elements are arranged in the exchange region. Further, a separation element 16 is provided.
  • the exchange elements 11 are each formed by two layers of a material (e.g. a textile). The two layers are put together in the upper part of the exchange elements. Inside the exchange region, the two layers are separated by the separation element 16 such that the two layers of each exchange element 11 ba , 11 bb hang parallel to each other.
  • a material e.g. a textile
  • FIG. 3 shows another embodiment.
  • the exchange element 11 is tubular at least in the exchange region below the reservoir 7 .
  • a supporting element 14 is arranged inside the tubular exchange element 11 in order to support the separation of the walls of the exchange element.
  • the supporting element 14 can be a perforated tube.
  • a perforated plate 15 is arranged at a lower end of the duct 3 .
  • the exchange element 11 is positioned such that the lower end of the exchange element fits through an opening of the perforated plate 15 .
  • Gas 1 provided by the gas inlet 4 flows through the lower part of the exchange element 11 and then further inside the supporting element 14 along the exchange region, being in direct contact with the liquid here. The gas may leave the tubular exchange element 11 through openings in the supporting element 14 and through the permeable structure of the exchange element 11 .
  • a pump 12 is connected to the liquid inlet 6 .
  • the liquid outlet 10 is connected with the liquid inlet 6 providing a liquid circuit.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
US15/536,990 2014-12-17 2015-12-17 Device for heat transfer between a liquid and a gas and method for operating the device Abandoned US20180003442A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14198449.2 2014-12-17
EP14198449.2A EP3034980B1 (fr) 2014-12-17 2014-12-17 Dispositif pour le transfert de chaleur entre un liquide et un gaz et procédé pour faire fonctionner le dispositif
PCT/EP2015/080202 WO2016097132A1 (fr) 2014-12-17 2015-12-17 Dispositif destiné au transfert thermique entre un liquide et un gaz et procédé d'exploitation du dispositif

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20180003442A1 true US20180003442A1 (en) 2018-01-04

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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US15/536,990 Abandoned US20180003442A1 (en) 2014-12-17 2015-12-17 Device for heat transfer between a liquid and a gas and method for operating the device

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20180003442A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3034980B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016097132A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3284068A (en) * 1964-02-26 1966-11-08 Mc Graw Edison Co Flow adjustable water trough means for evaporative cooler pads
US3290025A (en) * 1965-11-19 1966-12-06 Baltimore Aircoil Co Inc Trough system for evaporative heat exchangers
US4855089A (en) * 1987-03-02 1989-08-08 Sulzer Brothers Limited Distributor for distributing liquid in an exchange column
FR2691372A1 (fr) * 1992-05-22 1993-11-26 Aerospatiale Procédé et installation de traitement de rejets liquides par évaporation.
US6575437B2 (en) * 1998-11-30 2003-06-10 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Counterflow column with a liquid distributor
US7712728B2 (en) * 2003-03-17 2010-05-11 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Liquid distributor

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB498715A (en) * 1936-12-18 1939-01-12 Rene Velut Improvements in and relating to liquid cooling devices
FR2491773A1 (fr) * 1980-10-15 1982-04-16 Caso Pillet Sarl Procede et dispositif pour provoquer des echanges physiques et/ou chimiques entre un liquide et un gaz
EP0704232B1 (fr) * 1994-09-28 1998-01-14 Sulzer Chemtech AG Dispositif de distribution de liquide pour colonne
EP1459793B1 (fr) * 2003-03-17 2011-07-27 Sulzer Chemtech AG Distributeur de liquide
DE102009000617A1 (de) 2009-02-04 2010-08-05 Universität Kassel Einrichtung zum Entfeuchten, Erwärmen und/oder Kühlen eines Fluids
EP2828597B8 (fr) * 2012-03-19 2016-09-21 General Electric Technology GmbH Dispositif pour la condensation de vapeur

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3284068A (en) * 1964-02-26 1966-11-08 Mc Graw Edison Co Flow adjustable water trough means for evaporative cooler pads
US3290025A (en) * 1965-11-19 1966-12-06 Baltimore Aircoil Co Inc Trough system for evaporative heat exchangers
US4855089A (en) * 1987-03-02 1989-08-08 Sulzer Brothers Limited Distributor for distributing liquid in an exchange column
FR2691372A1 (fr) * 1992-05-22 1993-11-26 Aerospatiale Procédé et installation de traitement de rejets liquides par évaporation.
US6575437B2 (en) * 1998-11-30 2003-06-10 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Counterflow column with a liquid distributor
US7712728B2 (en) * 2003-03-17 2010-05-11 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Liquid distributor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3034980B1 (fr) 2017-07-12
WO2016097132A1 (fr) 2016-06-23
EP3034980A1 (fr) 2016-06-22

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Owner name: TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET BERLIN, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BUCHHOLZ, MARTIN;BUCHHOLZ, REINER;PROVOST, MATHIEU;REEL/FRAME:042734/0171

Effective date: 20170612

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STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION