US20160329383A1 - An organic light-emitting display device and a top emitting oled device for improving viewing angle characteristics - Google Patents

An organic light-emitting display device and a top emitting oled device for improving viewing angle characteristics Download PDF

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US20160329383A1
US20160329383A1 US15/109,291 US201415109291A US2016329383A1 US 20160329383 A1 US20160329383 A1 US 20160329383A1 US 201415109291 A US201415109291 A US 201415109291A US 2016329383 A1 US2016329383 A1 US 2016329383A1
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optical compensation
layer
tier
light
hole injection
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Weiwei Li
Song Liu
Lin He
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Beijing Visionox Technology Co Ltd
Kunshan New Flat Panel Display Technology Center Co Ltd
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Beijing Visionox Technology Co Ltd
Kunshan New Flat Panel Display Technology Center Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from CN201310752797.6A external-priority patent/CN103779501B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310747785.4A external-priority patent/CN103700776B/zh
Application filed by Beijing Visionox Technology Co Ltd, Kunshan New Flat Panel Display Technology Center Co Ltd filed Critical Beijing Visionox Technology Co Ltd
Assigned to KUNSHAN NEW FLAT PANEL DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY CENTER CO., LTD., BEIJING VISIONOX TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. reassignment KUNSHAN NEW FLAT PANEL DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY CENTER CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HE, LIN, LI, WEIWEI, LIU, SONG
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of organic electro-luminescent device, in particular relates to an organic light-emitting display device with blue-light pixels, green-light pixels and red-light pixels, especially refers to an organic light-emitting display device with an optical compensation layer in the red pixel unit as well as in the green pixel unit for meeting its resonance requirements.
  • the present invention also relates to a top emitting OLED device for improving viewing angle characteristics.
  • An OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) display device achieves colored display by means of light-emitting units having three colors of red, green and blue. According to different directions of the emergent light, OLED can be classified into bottom emitting devices (the emergent light exits from the substrate side) and top emitting devices (the emergent light exits from a side opposite to the substrate side). In order to obtain higher efficiency and luminance, the top emitting structure is usually adopted in an AMOLED (Active Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode) device.
  • AMOLED Active Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • the top emitting device comprises an anode with a reflective layer and a cathode which is semi-transparent semi-reflective, so that an optical micro-cavity is formed, the light emitted by the organic material undergoes interference within the optical micro-cavity so as to obtain higher efficiency and purer chrominance.
  • the red, green and blue lights require different optical path lengths when undergoing interference, and therefore requiring different thicknesses of the organic layer.
  • HIL Hole Injection Layer
  • HTL Hole Transport Layer
  • the OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) device as a new active-type light-emitting display device, has light weight, thin thickness and strong shock resistance, and meanwhile uses organic semiconductor to emit light, so that it has a wide range of material choices, can achieve full-color display in the visible light range, and can easily achieve white-light illumination.
  • the OLED device Compared with the presently mainstream LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) device, the OLED device has wider viewing angle, faster response speed, no need of backlight illumination, higher light-emitting efficiency, and can achieve flexible display, thus is a type of display device that has the most promising potential to replace LCD.
  • OLED devices can be classified into two categories of BEOLED (Bottom Emitting OLED) devices and TEOLED (Top Emitting OLED) devices.
  • a BEOLED device configures its OLED on a glass substrate coated with a transparent ITO (Indium Tin Oxides) or IZO (Indium Zinc Oxides) electrode, so that, when a voltage is applied to the OLED, the light emitted by the OLED exits from the bottom thereof through the transparent ITO (or IZO) electrode and the glass substrate.
  • ITO Indium Tin Oxides
  • IZO Indium Zinc Oxides
  • the transparent ITO (or IZO) electrode is connected with a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) that drives the OLED, and thus there is a problem of conflict between the OLED light-emitting area and the TFT, which leads to a low Aperture Ratio of the device.
  • a TEOLED applies an opaque total-reflection electrode onto a glass or silicon substrate and then applies the OLED thereon, so that, when a voltage is applied to the OLED, the light exits from a transparent or semi-transparent cathode at the top.
  • the TFT that drives the OLED is applied beneath the OLED, so that the light exit surface is separated from the TFT, which fundamentally solves the problem of low Aperture Ratio.
  • the Top Emitting OLED device comprises a total-reflection electrode and a semi-transparent electrode, such a structure forms a micro-cavity effect which generates strong multi-beam interference that has selecting, narrowing and enhancing functions on the light source, this micro-cavity effect is often used to increase chrominance of the device, to enhance emission intensity of specific wavelength and to change light-emitting color of the device.
  • this micro-cavity effect adversely affects the viewing angle characteristics of the device, i.e. the light-emitting peak shifts as the viewing angle deviates, which leads to problems such as luminance differences and chrominance shifting of the display device.
  • a light output coupling layer e.g. a layer of organic substance with a high refractive index and a low absorption index such as 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bathocuproine, abbreviated as BCP)
  • BCP 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline
  • vapor-coating a layer of dielectric such as ZnSe, ZnS with a high refractive index upon the surface of the semi-transparent cathode as a coupling layer for increasing the transmittance rate and the light output rate, thereby reducing the influence of multi-beam interference.
  • the aforementioned technical solution cannot solve the problem related to wide-angle interference. Therefore, the aforementioned technical solution has limited inhibition effect towards the micro-cavity effect in an OLED device, and thus is unable to effectively improve the viewing angle characteristics.
  • one objective of the present invention is to provide an organic light-emitting display device with a two-tier optical compensation layer in the red pixel unit as well as in the green pixel unit, so as to effectively improve various photo-electric performances of the device and to be able to have a broad range of material choices.
  • an organic light-emitting display device that comprises:
  • the organic light-emitting display device further comprises an optical compensation layer disposed between the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer in the green pixel area as well as in the red pixel area, and the optical compensation layer has a structure with at least two tiers.
  • the above-mentioned organic light-emitting display device is characterized in that, the optical compensation layer in the green pixel area comprises a first optical compensation tier and a second optical compensation tier, wherein a difference value of the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level of the first optical compensation tier minus the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level of the second optical compensation tier is ⁇ 0.2 eV; the optical compensation layer in the red pixel area comprises a first optical compensation tier and a second optical compensation tier, wherein a difference value of the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level of the first optical compensation tier minus the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level of the second optical compensation tier is ⁇ 0.2 eV.
  • the optical compensation layer in the green pixel area comprises a first optical compensation tier and a second optical compensation tier, wherein a difference value of the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level of the first optical compensation tier minus the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level of the second optical compensation tier is ⁇ 0.2 eV;
  • the optical compensation layer in the red pixel area comprises a first optical compensation tier, a second optical compensation tier, a third optical compensation tier and a fourth optical compensation tier, wherein a difference value of the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level of the first optical compensation tier minus the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level of the second optical compensation tier is ⁇ 0.2 eV
  • the third optical compensation tier is made of a material identical to that of the first optical compensation tier
  • the fourth optical compensation tier is made of a material identical to that of the second optical compensation tier.
  • the above-mentioned organic light-emitting display device is characterized in that, the first optical compensation tier in the green pixel area and in the red pixel area is made of a material having a general formula of
  • the above-mentioned organic light-emitting display device is characterized in that, the second optical compensation tier in the green pixel area and in the red pixel area is made of a material having a general formula of
  • the above-mentioned organic light-emitting display device is characterized in that, the second optical compensation tier in the green pixel area and in the red pixel area is made of HAT(CN) with a molecular structure of
  • the second optical compensation tier in the green pixel area and in the red pixel area has a thickness of 5 nm-15 nm.
  • the hole injection layer has a two-tier structure which comprises a first hole injection tier disposed on the first electrode and a second hole injection tier disposed on the first hole injection tier, the first hole injection tier is made of a material identical to that of the first optical compensation tier, and the second hole injection tier is made of a material identical to that of the second optical compensation tier.
  • a third hole injection tier is disposed between the first hole injection tier and the first electrode, and the third hole injection tier is made of a material identical to that of the second hole injection tier.
  • the first optical compensation tier is made of a material with a doped structure formed by doping
  • the optical compensation layers of the red pixel unit and of the green pixel unit have different thicknesses, and thus meet the optical path requirements of their respective spectrum resonance periods. Meanwhile, by using the configuration of organic light-emitting device of the present invention, various photo-electric performances of the device are effectively improved, and a broad range of material choices is attained.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to solve the technical problem that deviation of luminance and chrominance occurs in a top emitting OLED device when the viewing angle deviates, and therefore to provide a top emitting OLED device for improving viewing angle characteristics.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
  • the present invention provides a top emitting OLED device for improving viewing angle characteristics, comprising a substrate, and a first electrode, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light-emitting layer, an electron transport layer, a second electrode, a light output coupling layer sequentially stacked on the substrate, wherein the second electrode has a light transmittance no less than 25%, and the hole injection layer has a refractive index no less than 1.8.
  • the second electrode is made of indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide or metal silver.
  • the second electrode comprises a first metal layer and a second metal layer, wherein the first metal layer is alkali metal or alloy thereof, alkali earth metal or alloy thereof, and the second metal layer is metal silver.
  • the second electrode has a thickness of 10 nm-30 nm.
  • the hole injection layer has a refractive index of N ⁇ 2.0.
  • the hole injection layer has a refractive index of N ⁇ 1.9.
  • the hole injection layer has a refractive index of N ⁇ 1.8.
  • the hole injection layer is made of tertiary amine compound with a molecular general formula of
  • L 1 and L 2 are acene compounds with respective molecular formulas of
  • the hole injection layer is made of a material with a structural formula of
  • the light output coupling layer is made of 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline.
  • the above-mentioned top emitting OLED device for improving viewing angle characteristics is characterized in further comprising an optical compensation layer disposed between the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer in the green pixel area as well as in the red pixel area, wherein the optical compensation layer has a structure with at least two tiers.
  • the above-mentioned top emitting OLED device for improving viewing angle characteristics is characterized in that, the optical compensation layer in the green pixel area comprises a first optical compensation tier and a second optical compensation tier, wherein a difference value of the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level of the first optical compensation tier minus the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level of the second optical compensation tier is ⁇ 0.2 eV; the optical compensation layer in the red pixel area comprises a first optical compensation tier and a second optical compensation tier, wherein a difference value of the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level of the first optical compensation tier minus the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level of the second optical compensation tier is ⁇ 0.2 eV.
  • the optical compensation layer in the green pixel area comprises a first optical compensation tier and a second optical compensation tier, wherein a difference value of the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level of the first optical compensation tier minus the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level of the second optical compensation tier is ⁇ 0.2 eV;
  • the optical compensation layer in the red pixel area comprises a first optical compensation tier, a second optical compensation tier, a third optical compensation tier and a fourth optical compensation tier, wherein a difference value of the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level of the first optical compensation tier minus the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level of the second optical compensation tier is ⁇ 0.2 eV
  • the third optical compensation tier is made of a material identical to that of the first optical compensation tier
  • the fourth optical compensation tier is made of a material identical to that of the second optical compensation tier.
  • the above-mentioned top emitting OLED device for improving viewing angle characteristics is characterized in that, the first optical compensation tier in the green pixel area and in the red pixel area is made of a material having a general formula of
  • the above-mentioned top emitting OLED device for improving viewing angle characteristics is characterized in that, the second optical compensation tier in the green pixel area and in the red pixel area is made of a material having a general formula of
  • the above-mentioned top emitting OLED device for improving viewing angle characteristics is characterized in that, the second optical compensation tier in the green pixel area and in the red pixel area is made of HAT(CN) with a molecular structure of
  • the second optical compensation tier in the green pixel area and in the red pixel area has a thickness of 5 nm-15 nm.
  • the hole injection layer has a two-tier structure which comprises a first hole injection tier disposed on the first electrode and a second hole injection tier disposed on the first hole injection tier, wherein the first hole injection tier is made of a material identical to that of the first optical compensation tier, and the second hole injection tier is made of a material identical to that of the second optical compensation tier.
  • a third hole injection tier is disposed between the first hole injection tier and the first electrode, wherein the third hole injection tier is made of a material identical to that of the second hole injection tier.
  • the first optical compensation tier is made of a material with a doped structure formed by doping
  • the first optical compensation tier is made of tertiary amine compound with a molecular general formula of
  • L 1 and L 2 are acene compounds with respective molecular formulas of
  • the first optical compensation tier is made of a material with a structural formula of
  • the top emitting OLED device for improving viewing angle characteristics of the present invention first adopts a second electrode having a light transmittance no less than 25%, so as to inhibit multi-beam interference in the micro-cavity effect and improve viewing angle characteristics; but, after the multi-beam interference is suppressed, wide-angle interference in the micro-cavity effect comes into function, and therefore, in order to inhibit the wide-angle interference, the present invention then adopts organic material with a high refractive index to make the hole injection layer, wherein the hole injection layer has a refractive index higher than or equal to 1.8.
  • the hole injection layer with such a high refractive index in cooperation with an ultra-thin structure of the second electrode, breaks the interference enhancement condition between the reflected light from the first electrode and the emitted light from the light-emitting layer, so as to weaken the wide-angle interference in the OLED device, thereby inhibiting the micro-cavity effect and thus improving viewing angle characteristics of the OLED device. Meanwhile, because the refractive index of the hole injection layer is increased, the thickness of the hole injection layer is reduced, and thus the total thickness of the entire device is reduced, so that material and working hours can be saved in the manufacture process of the devices.
  • the top emitting OLED device for improving viewing angle characteristics of the present invention is also assisted by a light output coupling layer made of material with a low light absorption index such as 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline or made of material with a high refractive index such as ZnSe and ZnS, so as to reduce light reflection of the semi-transparent metal electrode and to increase output rate of the internal emitted light, thereby further improving viewing angle characteristics of the device.
  • the optical compensation layers of the red pixel unit and of the green pixel unit have different thicknesses, and thus meet the optical path requirements of their respective spectrum resonance periods. Meanwhile, by using the configuration of organic light-emitting device of the present invention, various photo-electric performances of the device are effectively improved, and a broad range of material choices is attained.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the organic light-emitting device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of charge separation effect occurred at the interface between the first optical compensation tier and the second optical compensation tier;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of charge separation effect occurred at the interface between the second hole injection tier and the first optical compensation tier as well as at the interface between the two hole injection tiers;
  • FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the top emitting OLED device for improving viewing angle characteristics as described in Embodiments 5-11 of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a variation curve of the refractive index of the tertiary amine compound selected in the present invention changing along with the change of wavelength, as well as a variation curve of the refractive index of 4,4′,4′′-tri-(phenyl-(m-methylphenyl)-amino)-triphenylamine changing along with the change of wavelength.
  • 1 ′ substrate
  • 2 first electrode
  • 3 hole injection layer
  • 421 first optical compensation tier
  • 422 second optical compensation tier
  • 431 first optical compensation tier
  • 432 second optical compensation tier
  • 5 hole transport layer
  • 6 electron transport layer
  • 61 blue-light emitting layer
  • 62 green-light emitting layer
  • 63 red-light emitting layer
  • 7 light-emitting layer
  • 8 second electrode
  • 9 light output coupling layer.
  • the OLED display device of the present invention sequentially comprises a substrate, a reflective layer 1 , a first electrode 2 with reflective characteristic, a second electrode 8 with semi-transparent semi-reflective characteristic, and a light output coupling layer 9 disposed on the second electrode 8 .
  • an organic layer disposed between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 8 , and this organic layer comprises a hole injection layer 3 , a hole transport layer (HTL) 5 , a light-emitting layer 7 and an electron transport layer 6 , wherein the hole injection layer 3 is adjacent to the first electrode 2 and disposed on the first electrode 2 , wherein the reflective layer 1 , the first electrode 2 , the hole injection layer 3 , the hole transport layer 5 , the electron transport layer 6 , the second electrode 8 and the light output coupling layer 9 have the same material and thickness, and wherein the light-emitting layer comprises a blue-light emitting layer 61 , a green-light emitting layer 62 and a red-light emitting layer 63 made of different materials and respectively disposed in a blue pixel area, in a green pixel area and in a res pixel area. Since the size relationship among wave peak values of red, green and blue light-emitting spectrums is red ⁇ green ⁇ blue, according to the formula
  • the organic layer of the red-light unit is the thickest, followed by the thickness of the organic layer of the green-light unit, and the blue-light unit has the thinnest organic layer.
  • ⁇ is the peak value of the light-emitting spectrum
  • ⁇ 1 is the phase angle of the reflective layer
  • ⁇ 2 is the phase angle of the cathode
  • n m is the corresponding refractive index of the respective layers
  • ⁇ 0 is the corresponding angle of emergent light of the respective layers
  • k is a constant.
  • the green pixel area also comprises an optical compensation layer which includes a first optical compensation tier 421 and a second optical compensation tier 422 ;
  • the red pixel area also comprises an optical compensation layer which includes a first optical compensation tier 431 and a second optical compensation tier 432 , and in the red pixel area as well as in the green pixel area, the thickness of the first optical compensation tier ⁇ the thickness of the second optical compensation tier, so that the organic layer thicknesses of the red-light, green-light and blue-light units can meet the requirement of the above-mentioned formula simultaneously.
  • the first optical compensation tier is made of a material containing triphenylamine groups with a HOMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbit) energy level ⁇ 5.4 eV;
  • the second optical compensation tier is made of a material with a LUMO (Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbit) energy level ⁇ 5.2 eV and a thickness of 5 nm-15 nm;
  • the hole transport layer (HTL) 5 is also made of a material containing triphenylamine groups with a HOMO energy level ⁇ 5.4 eV. As shown in FIG.
  • the first optical compensation tier is made of a material having a general formula of
  • the second optical compensation tier is made of a material having a general formula of
  • the second optical compensation tier may also be made of HAT(CN):
  • the first optical compensation tier may also be a doped structure formed by doping the above-mentioned material of first optical compensation tier with the above-mentioned material of second optical compensation tier at a ratio of 100:1 to 5:1.
  • Embodiment 2 of the present invention adopts a hole injection layer (HIL) 3 with a two-tier structure that comprises a first hole injection tier and a second hole injection tier, wherein the first hole injection tier is made of a material containing triphenylamine groups with a HOMO energy level ⁇ 5.4 eV, i.e. made of a material identical to that of the first optical compensation tier; the second hole injection tier is made of a material with a LUMO energy level ⁇ 5.2 eV and a thickness of 5 nm-15 nm, i.e. made of a material identical to that of the second optical compensation tier. Similar physical phenomenon as that in Embodiment 1 occurs at the interface between the second hole injection tier and the first optical compensation tier as well as at the interface between the two HILs, which further reduces the drive voltage of the device (as shown in FIG. 3 ).
  • HIL hole injection layer
  • a third hole injection tier is added between the first hole injection tier and the first electrode, wherein the third hole injection tier is made of a material identical to that of the second hole injection tier, i.e. made of a material with a LUMO energy level ⁇ 5.2 eV and a thickness of 5 nm-15 nm, which further reduces the drive voltage.
  • Embodiment 4 of the present invention improves the optical compensation layer in the red pixel area by configuring the optical compensation layer in the red pixel area to be a four-tier structure that comprises a first optical compensation tier and a second optical compensation tier identical to those of the optical compensation layer in the green pixel area, as well as a third optical compensation tier (made of a material identical to that of the first optical compensation tier) and a fourth optical compensation tier (made of a material identical to that of the second optical compensation tier with an identical thickness).
  • Embodiment 1 blue C6(110 nm) NPB(20 nm) AND(30 nm): LG201(15 nm): Mg(12 nm): NPB(50 nm) 5% DPAVB 100% LiQ Ag(2 nm) green C6(110 nm) C6(50 nm):2% C8/ NPB(20 nm) CBP(30 nm): LG201(15 nm): Mg(12 nm): NPB(50 nm) C8(5 nm) 10% Ir(ppy) 3 100% LiQ Ag(2 nm) red C6(110 nm) C6(100 nm):2% C8/ NPB(20 nm) CBP(30 nm): LG201(15 nm): Mg(12 nm): NPB(50 nm) 5% DPAVB 100% LiQ Ag(2 nm) green C6(110 nm) C6(50
  • Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3 Embodiment 4 example blue luminance 500 500 500 500 cd/m 2 voltage V 4.92 4.81 4.66 4.91 4.92 current 112 112 112 112 density A/m 2 efficiency 4.45 4.46 4.45 4.45 4.45 cd/A chrominance (0.14, 0.06) (0.14, 0.06) (0.14, 0.06) (0.14, 0.06) (0.14, 0.06) (0.14, 0.06) (0.14, 0.06) green luminance 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 cd/m 2 voltage V 4.83 4.76 4.51 4.81 5.01 current 136 139 131 135 144.9 density A/m 2 efficiency 66.3 64.9 68.9 66.5 62.1 cd/A chrominance (0.20, 0.72) (0.20, 0.72) (0.20, 0.72) (0.20, 0.72) (0.20, 0.72) (0.20, 0.72) (0.20, 0.72) (0.20, 0.72)
  • Embodiment 1 blue C2(110 nm) NPB(20 nm) AND(30 nm): LG201(15 nm): Mg(12 nm): NPB(50 nm) 5% DPAVB 100% LiQ Ag(2 nm) green C2(110 nm) C2(45 nm)/ NPB(20 nm) CBP(30 nm): LG201(15 nm): Mg(12 nm): NPB(50 nm) HAT(CN)(10 nm) 10% Ir(ppy) 3 100% LiQ Ag(2 nm) red C2(110 nm) C2(95 nm)/ NPB(20 nm) CBP(30 nm): LG201(15 nm): Mg(12 nm): NPB(50 nm) HAT
  • Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3 Embodiment 4 example blue luminance 500 500 500 500 cd/m 2 voltage V 4.85 4.72 4.59 4.85 4.85 current 115 113 115 115 115 density A/m 2 efficiency 4.33 4.41 4.35 4.33 4.32 cd/A Chrominance (0.14, 0.06) (0.14, 0.06) (0.14, 0.06) (0.14, 0.06) (0.14, 0.06) (0.14, 0.06) green luminance 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 cd/m 2 voltage V 4.77 4.65 4.43 4.76 4.82 current 154 156 150 151 161 density A/m 2 efficiency 65.1 64.2 66.8 66.2 61.9 cd/A chrominance (0.20, 0.72) (0.20, 0.72) (0.20, 0.72) (0.20, 0.72) (0.20, 0.72) (0.20, 0.72) (0.20, 0.72) red luminance 5000 5000 5000
  • the present embodiment provides a top emitting OLED device for improving viewing angle characteristics which comprises, as shown in FIG. 4 , a substrate 1 ′, and a first electrode 2 , a hole injection layer 3 , a hole transport layer 5 , a light-emitting layer 7 , an electron transport layer 6 , a second electrode 8 , a light output coupling layer 9 sequentially stacked on the substrate 1 ′.
  • the hole injection layer 3 has a refractive index of no less than 1.8.
  • the second electrode has a thickness of 10 nm-30 nm, preferably 10 nm-15 nm.
  • the light output coupling layer 9 is made of material with a low light absorption index such as 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline or made of material with a high refractive index such as ZnSe and ZnS, with a thickness of 55 nm.
  • the first electrode 2 that is used as the anode comprises a first Ag layer with total-reflective function and a transparent ITO layer disposed on the first Ag layer, wherein the first Ag layer has a thickness of 150 nm, and the ITO layer has a thickness of 20 nm.
  • the second electrode 8 that is used as the cathode may be made of ITO, IZO or metal silver, or may be a composite structure comprising a first metal layer and a second metal layer, wherein the first metal layer is alkali metal or alloy thereof, alkali earth metal or alloy thereof, and the second metal layer is metal silver.
  • the second electrode comprises a first metal layer and a second metal layer, with the first metal layer being a Mg:Ag layer and the second metal layer being a metal silver layer, wherein the Mg:Ag layer has a thickness of 2 nm and a Mg-to-Ag ratio of 4:1, and the metal silver layer has a thickness of 14 nm.
  • the light-emitting layer 7 emits light after being excited, and the emitted light travels towards the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 8 . Some of the emitted light is reflected by the first electrode 2 , and then passes through the hole injection layer 3 , the hole transport layer 5 , the light-emitting layer 7 , the electron transport layer 6 to arrive at the second electrode 8 .
  • the light-emitting wavelength of the light-emitting layer 7 is in the blue-light waveband, i.e. the light-emitting wavelength is 460 nm, and the hole injection layer has a refractive index of N ⁇ 2.0.
  • the hole injection layer is selected to have a refractive index of 2.04.
  • the hole injection layer has a thickness of 100 nm-105 nm.
  • the hole injection layer 3 preferably has a thickness of 103 nm.
  • the thicknesses of other respective layers are as follows: the thickness of the hole transport layer is 20 nm, the thickness of the light-emitting layer is 20 nm, and the thickness of the electron transport layer is 35 nm.
  • the hole injection layer 3 and the hole transport layer 5 are made of tertiary amine compound.
  • the hole injection layer is made of a material having a structural formula of
  • the hole transport layer may be made of a material identical to that of the hole injection layer, or may be made of tertiary amine compound with other structural formulas.
  • the hole transport layer is made of a material having a structural formula of
  • the ultrathin second electrode 8 has a light transmittance larger than or equal to 25%, which inhibits multi-beam interference in the micro-cavity effect and increases the light output rate and transmittance rate. Meanwhile, by increasing the refractive index of the hole injection layer 3 , the interference enhancement condition between the reflected light from the first electrode 2 and the emitted light from the light-emitting layer 7 is broken, and the wide-angle interference in the OLED device is inhibited, thereby weakening the micro-cavity effect and effectively improving the viewing angle characteristics of the OLED device.
  • the light output coupling layer reduces light reflection of the semi-transparent metal electrode and increases output rate of the internal emitted light, thereby further improving optical performance of the display device.
  • the material of the light-emitting layer can be selected according to the light-emitting waveband.
  • the light-emitting waveband of the light-emitting layer is respectively in the blue-light waveband, in the green-light waveband and in the red-light waveband, the ways of choosing materials of the light-emitting layer are prior art and not the focus of the inventive concept of the present application, therefore are not described in detail in the respective embodiments of the present application.
  • the top emitting OLED device of this embodiment has a structure as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the light-emitting wavelength of the light-emitting layer 7 is in the green-light waveband, i.e. the light-emitting wavelength is 510 nm
  • the hole injection layer has a refractive index of N ⁇ 1.9.
  • the hole injection layer is selected to have a refractive index of 1.93.
  • the hole injection layer has a thickness of 150 nm-155 nm. As this thickness may be selected according to actual requirements, in this embodiment, the hole injection layer 3 preferably has a thickness of 153 nm.
  • the light-emitting layer 7 of this embodiment has a different light-emitting wavelength, and thus the light-emitting layer is made of a different material.
  • This embodiment changes the thickness of the hole injection layer, while keeping the thicknesses of other respective layers identical to those of Embodiment 5.
  • the hole injection layer is made of a material having a structural formula of
  • the hole transport layer is made of a material having a structural formula of
  • the ultrathin second electrode 8 has a light transmittance larger than or equal to 25%, which inhibits multi-beam interference in the micro-cavity effect and increases the light output rate and transmittance rate. Meanwhile, similarly by increasing the refractive index of the hole injection layer 3 , the interference enhancement condition between the reflected light from the first electrode 2 and the emitted light from the light-emitting layer 7 is broken, thereby effectively improving the viewing angle characteristics of the OLED device.
  • the light output coupling layer reduces light reflection of the semi-transparent metal electrode and increases output rate of the internal emitted light, thereby further improving optical performance of the display device.
  • the top emitting OLED device of this embodiment has a structure as shown in FIG. 4 , wherein the light-emitting wavelength of the light-emitting layer is in the red-light waveband, i.e. the light-emitting wavelength is 620 nm, and the hole injection layer has a refractive index of N ⁇ 1.8.
  • the hole injection layer is selected to have a refractive index of 1.81.
  • the hole injection layer has a thickness of 200 nm-205 nm. As this thickness may be selected according to actual requirements, in this embodiment, the hole injection layer 3 preferably has a thickness of 203 nm.
  • the light-emitting layer 7 of this embodiment has a different light-emitting wavelength, and thus the light-emitting layer is made of a different material.
  • the hole injection layer is made of a material having a structural formula of
  • the hole transport layer is made of a material having a structural formula of
  • This embodiment only changes the thickness of the hole injection layer, while keeping the thicknesses of other respective layers identical to those of Embodiment 5.
  • the ultrathin second electrode 8 has a light transmittance larger than or equal to 25%, which inhibits multi-beam interference in the micro-cavity effect and increases the light output rate and transmittance rate. Meanwhile, similarly by increasing the refractive index of the hole injection layer 3 , the interference enhancement condition between the reflected light from the first electrode and the emitted light from the light-emitting layer is broken, thereby effectively improving the viewing angle characteristics of the OLED device.
  • the light output coupling layer reduces light reflection of the semi-transparent metal electrode and increases output rate of the internal emitted light, thereby further improving optical performance of the display device.
  • the light-emitting wavelength of the light-emitting layer 7 is in the blue-light waveband, i.e. the light-emitting wavelength is 460 nm
  • the hole injection layer has a refractive index of N ⁇ 2.0 and a thickness of 100 nm.
  • the thicknesses of other respective layers are as follows: the thickness of the hole transport layer is 20 nm, the thickness of the light-emitting layer is 20 nm, and the thickness of the electron transport layer is 35 nm.
  • the hole injection layer 3 and the hole transport layer 5 are made of tertiary amine compound having a structural formula of
  • the light-emitting wavelength of the light-emitting layer 7 is in the green-light waveband
  • the hole injection layer has a refractive index of N ⁇ 1.90 and a thickness of 150 nm.
  • the thickness of the hole transport layer is 20 nm
  • the thickness of the light-emitting layer is 20 nm
  • the thickness of the electron transport layer is 35 nm.
  • the hole injection layer 3 and the hole transport layer 5 are made of tertiary amine compound having a structural formula of
  • the light-emitting wavelength of the light-emitting layer 7 is in the red-light waveband
  • the hole injection layer has a refractive index of N ⁇ 1.8 and a thickness of 200 nm.
  • the thickness of the hole transport layer is 20 nm
  • the thickness of the light-emitting layer is 20 nm
  • the thickness of the electron transport layer is 35 nm.
  • the hole injection layer 3 and the hole transport layer 5 are made of tertiary amine compound having a structural formula of
  • the light-emitting wavelength of the light-emitting layer 7 is in the red-light waveband
  • the hole injection layer has a refractive index of N ⁇ 1.8 and a thickness of 200 nm.
  • the thickness of the hole transport layer is 20 nm
  • the thickness of the light-emitting layer is 20 nm
  • the thickness of the electron transport layer is 35 nm.
  • the hole injection layer 3 and the hole transport layer 5 are made of tertiary amine compound having a structural formula of
  • comparative examples 1-3 are specifically designed and implemented to be compared with test results of Embodiments 5-7 of the present application.
  • This comparative example provides a top emitting OLED device with a specific configuration similar to that of Embodiment 5, and the only difference is that the hole injection layer thereof is made of m-MTDATA, which is abbreviation of 4,4′,4′′-tri-(phenyl-(m-methylphenyl)-amino)-triphenylamine, with a molecular formula of
  • the above-mentioned material has a refractive index of 1.8 at the wavelength of 460 nm.
  • This comparative example provides a top emitting OLED device with a specific configuration similar to that of Embodiment 6, and the only difference is that the hole injection layer thereof is made of m-MTDATA, which is abbreviation of 4,4′,4′′-tri-(phenyl-(m-methylphenyl)-amino)-triphenylamine, with a molecular formula of
  • the above-mentioned material has a refractive index of 1.73 at the wavelength of 510 nm.
  • This comparative example provides a top emitting OLED device with a specific configuration similar to that of Embodiment 7, and the only difference is that the hole injection layer thereof is made of m-MTDATA, which is abbreviation of 4,4′,4′′-tri-(phenyl-(m-methylphenyl)-amino)-triphenylamine, with a molecular formula of
  • the above-mentioned material has a refractive index of 1.67 at the wavelength of 620 nm.
  • FIG. 5 shows a variation curve of the refractive index of the tertiary amine compound selected in the present invention changing along with the change of wavelength, as well as a variation curve of the refractive index of 4,4′,4′′-tri-(phenyl-(m-methylphenyl)-amino)-triphenylamine changing along with the change of wavelength.
  • the refractive index of the tertiary amine compound selected in the present invention is always larger than the refractive index of 4,4′,4′′-tri-(phenyl-(m-methylphenyl)-amino)-triphenylamine.
  • the interference enhancement condition between the reflected light from the first electrode 2 and the emitted light from the light-emitting layer 7 is effectively broken, thereby effectively improving the viewing angle characteristics of the top emitting OLED device.

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