US20160305694A1 - Valve for changing over the heat flows of a heat pump, taking into account the flow direction reversal in a heat exchanger connected during heating operation to the source side of the heat pump - Google Patents

Valve for changing over the heat flows of a heat pump, taking into account the flow direction reversal in a heat exchanger connected during heating operation to the source side of the heat pump Download PDF

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Publication number
US20160305694A1
US20160305694A1 US14/442,154 US201314442154A US2016305694A1 US 20160305694 A1 US20160305694 A1 US 20160305694A1 US 201314442154 A US201314442154 A US 201314442154A US 2016305694 A1 US2016305694 A1 US 2016305694A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
heat
heat pump
connectors
valve
housing
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Abandoned
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US14/442,154
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English (en)
Inventor
Hansjurg Leibundgut
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BS2 AG
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BS2 AG
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Assigned to BS2 AG reassignment BS2 AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LEIBUNDGUT, HANSJURG
Publication of US20160305694A1 publication Critical patent/US20160305694A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/26—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves of fluid flow reversing valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
    • F16K11/07—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
    • F24D15/04—Other domestic- or space-heating systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
    • F25B41/046—
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/12—Heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/002—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for geothermal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/40—Geothermal heat-pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a valve arrangement for operating a heat pump in different ways by means of changing over the heat flows according to the preamble of claim 1 as well as a method for operating a heat pump in different ways.
  • Buildings can be both heated and cooled by heat pumps.
  • the changeover from the heating mode to the cooling mode of the building can be generated in different ways, but requires an active shift either inside the heat pump or outside the heat pump at the hydraulic connections. Only by means of this shift it is possible that, e.g. during cooling operation, heat can be withdrawn from the building, where before, during heating operation, heat was released.
  • Heat pump devices built nowadays are often operated with geothermal probes. Due to the natural temperature gradient prevailing in moderate climatic zones, it is interesting for the heating by means of heat pumps to use deep geothermal probes>300 m for efficiency reasons. For the nowadays standardly used U-shaped/double U-shaped tubular probes, the pressure loss for media circulation is considerable for such great depths.
  • a thermal short-circuit occurs so that the potential of deep geothermal probe drills cannot be used to full capacity.
  • probe types e.g. so-called coaxial geothermal probes may be appropriate.
  • the heat transfer medium flows through both an external tube and an internal, ideally thermally isolated, central tube with a smaller diameter.
  • the de-heated heat transfer medium flows in the geothermal probe inside the external tube into the depth and is warmed up continually.
  • the maximum temperature is reached and the heat transfer medium flows inside the internal central tube back to the heat pump.
  • a possible solution such as described in EP 0 967 447 A1, causes the interchange of heat source and sink with one single valve, but does not cause a flow direction reversal in a, e.g. connected coaxial geothermal probe. Therefore, it is an objective of the present invention to propose a possibility for changing over the heat flows with a flow direction reversal in a heat exchanger connected during heating operation to the source side of the heat pump, such as a geothermal probe, and which solution is simple and possible with a reduced material and installation expense.
  • the main idea of the present invention is, as also described in EP 0 967 447 A1, to obtain with one single valve a simple outer changeover for heat pumps, which use the same liquid medium both on the source and the sink side.
  • the valve should be formed such that, in different embodiments along with the simple changeover of the source and the sink side also a flow direction reversal can be effectuated in a geothermal probe, for instance.
  • the valve shall give the possibility, where required, to bypass the heat pump, to short-circuit directly the source and sink side and to allow, e.g. in combination with a geothermal probe, a direct cooling, so-called “free cooling”, of the building and/or a direct regeneration of the earth, e.g. with a thermal collector.
  • a valve arrangement is suggested for operating a heat pump in different ways, like for changing over the heat flows of a heat pump, according to the wording of claim 1 .
  • the valve arrangement comprises a changeover valve and a heat exchanger.
  • the changeover valve having a housing with at least four connection pieces connected to the heat pump as well as at least four connection pieces, at least two of which are connected to a heat source and at least two of which are connected to a heat sink, with at least one valve body and a drive element for moving the valve body relatively in relation to the different connection pieces in the housing.
  • the heat exchanger is connected to the valve such that the heat exchanger during heating operation of the heat pump is connected to the source side of the heat pump and that during the changeover of the heat pump between heating operation and cooling operation the flow direction of the heat transfer medium in the mentioned heat exchanger is reversed.
  • a coaxial geothermal probe can be used, for example.
  • valve body of the changeover valve shows penetrations like hollowly shaped passages, of which at least a part connects at least two connection pieces in the housing in different ways to each other according to the operating mode.
  • valve body is designed rotationally symmetrical, for instance cylindrical or spherical, and is rotatable in relation to the housing surrounding the valve body shell-like for connecting the connection pieces to each other in different ways.
  • valve body is linearly movable in relation to the housing, whereby the connection pieces are connectable to each other in different ways according to the operating mode by means of a translational movement.
  • FIGS. 1 a and 1 b show an example of a hydraulic connection of a heat pump system having the valve arrangement according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of a changeover valve according to the invention having a connected heat exchanger, which is connected to the source side of the heat pump during heating operation;
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show two exemplary embodiments of the changeover valve according to the invention in a schematic sectional view, also having a connected heat exchanger, which is connected to the source side of the heat pump during heating operation;
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows different operating modes having connections between the different connectors of the changeover valve and the flow direction of the connected heat exchanger, which is connected to the source side of the heat pump during heating operation.
  • FIGS. 1 a and 1 b show an example of a hydraulic connection of a heat pump system having a heat pump 1 , a coaxial geothermal probe 2 , a thermal collector 3 , a room releasing system 4 , circulation pumps 5 and a valve device 6 of the valve arrangement according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 a shows the system during heating operation
  • FIG. 1 b shows the system during cooling operation, respectively, with exemplary operation temperatures each.
  • heating operation the cycle of the thermal collector is switched off and the coaxial geothermal probe is flowing from outside to inside (from ⁇ to ⁇ ).
  • cooling operation the cycle of the collector is switched on, the flow direction inside the coaxial geothermal probe is reversed and the flow takes place from the inside to the outside (from ⁇ to ⁇ ).
  • the reversal of the flow direction prevents selectively and favors selectively, respectively, the heat transfer between the probe fluid and the earth alongside of the probe length.
  • the outer changeover allows a constant and concordant operation of the cooling cycle of the heat pump and increases thereby the average efficiency of the heat pump analyzed over both operating modes, heating and cooling.
  • the invention reduces the complexity of the hydraulic installation, which results from the outer changeover with flow direction reversal using classic valve technique, by situating the complexity of connections in one single valve. Therefore, the installation expense is reduced and there is the potential to realize an advantageous solution.
  • the reduction from at least three 4-way or four 3-way valves for changing over heating/cooling including the reversal of the flow direction in the probe to one single valve improves by means of saving space also the possibility for integrating the outer changeover into the housing of the heat pump.
  • the changeover valve of the valve arrangement allows a simple integration of additional features, such as bypassing the heat pump for a “free-cooling” mode or for direct regeneration of the earth using a thermal collector or the interchange of the order of the flow of the geothermal probe and the thermal collector in connection to a flow direction reversal of the coaxial geothermal probe or others.
  • the changeover valve of the valve arrangement comprises a housing 7 having connection pieces for the heat pump 8 and for the sources/sinks 9 , a valve body 10 and a drive element 11 with possible extensions of the connection pieces for connecting directly, e.g. a thermal collector.
  • the valve body 10 comprises cavities, penetrations, respectively, which connect the connection pieces of the heat pump side 8 in a special way to the connection pieces of the source/sink side 9 .
  • Which connection pieces are connected to each other depends on the operating mode (heating/cooling, “free cooling”, regeneration earth, etc.).
  • the connectors of the heat pump and of the source/sink side can be arranged both-sided each at the valve body. If need be, the connectors can be arranged all-sided.
  • valve arrangement As shown in FIG. 2 , different embodiments are possible for changing over the heat flows according to the described invention. Two possible embodiments are changed over by a rotative movement around the x-, y-axis, respectively, and based on a cylindrical valve body having penetrations on the shell surface, or on the front sides, respectively. Further rotationally symmetrical geometries, such as a ball, are conceivable as valve bodies as well. A further embodiment is based on a linear slider, which causes the changeover by means of a movement translational along the x-axis or transverse to the x-axis.
  • the outer changeover and the flow direction reversal takes place in a heat exchanger connected during heating operation to the source side of the heat pump, such as a geothermal probe, within one single element (valve) and that only one adjusting element is necessary for the changeover.
  • the connections of the connectors can also be defined in the housing 7 and, instead of the valve body 10 , a simple control disk can also be used, which selectively releases certain connections in the housing and separates others.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 two exemplary embodiments of the valve arrangement according to the invention are shown.
  • the changeover valve as component of the mentioned valve arrangement, is shown in a sectional view, on the one hand, as cylinder with rotation around the x-axis ( FIG. 3 ) and, on the other hand, as axial slider with movement along the x-axis ( FIG. 4 ).
  • the heat exchanger which is connected during heating operation to the source side of the heat pump, is connected to the changeover valve in both embodiments. In both embodiments a changeover takes place between the source and the sink side as well as the flow direction in the connected heat exchanger is reversed.
  • the position of the cylindrical changeover valve shows the heating operation in FIG. 3 , above, so that i is connected to A, ii to C, iii to B and iv to D.
  • the connected heat exchanger is flown through from connector ⁇ in direction to connector ⁇ .
  • the connectors are connected to each other as follows: i to C, ii to A, iii to D and iv to B.
  • the connected heat exchanger is flown through from connector ⁇ in direction to connector ⁇ .
  • the valve is shown in the axial embodiment in the position for the heating operation, so that also i is connected to A, ii to B, iii to C and iv to D.
  • the connection between iv and D during heating operation is not only achieved by the valve body but by the valve body and the housing cavity.
  • the connected heat exchanger is flown through from connector ⁇ in direction to connector ⁇ .
  • the connectors are connected to each other as follows: i to B, ii to D, iii to A and iv to C.
  • the connections between the heat pump and the source/sink during cooling operation are achieved again alone by the valve body for the shown arrangement.
  • the connected heat exchanger is flown through from connector ⁇ in direction to connector ⁇ .
  • FIG. 5 both the connections between the different connectors of the valve device for different operating modes and the flow direction of the connected heat exchanger, are schematically shown.
  • the heat pump, the release system and a heat exchanger e.g. geothermal probe
  • a thermal collector is connected additionally to the valve device ( FIG. 5 , position d-f).
  • the different operating modes in FIG. 5 are the following:
  • valve bodies are formed as ball and that by means of rotating the valve body inside of a shell-shaped housing surrounding the body, the different connectors can be connected to each other as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • a cylinder can of course be moved linearly inside of the housing and, where required, parts of the connections can already be designated inside the housing.
  • the present invention does not especially emphasize on the material choice for producing housings and valve bodies, since metallic materials as well as polymer, ceramic or other materials can be used depending on the requirement.
  • the present invention does neither especially emphasize on the controlling of the valve, since the possibilities are endless.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
US14/442,154 2012-11-13 2013-11-12 Valve for changing over the heat flows of a heat pump, taking into account the flow direction reversal in a heat exchanger connected during heating operation to the source side of the heat pump Abandoned US20160305694A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH02363/12A CH707175A1 (de) 2012-11-13 2012-11-13 Ventil zur Umschaltung der Wärmeströme einer Wärmepumpe.
CH2363/12 2012-11-13
PCT/EP2013/073632 WO2014076087A1 (de) 2012-11-13 2013-11-12 Ventil zur umschaltung der wärmeströme einer wärmepumpe unter berücksichtigung der flussrichtungsumkehr in einem, im heizbetrieb mit der quellenseite der wärmepumpe verbundenen wärmetauscher

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US20160305694A1 true US20160305694A1 (en) 2016-10-20

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US14/442,154 Abandoned US20160305694A1 (en) 2012-11-13 2013-11-12 Valve for changing over the heat flows of a heat pump, taking into account the flow direction reversal in a heat exchanger connected during heating operation to the source side of the heat pump

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US20160305694A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2920520A1 (de)
JP (1) JP2016502636A (de)
KR (1) KR20150083886A (de)
CN (1) CN104781611A (de)
AU (1) AU2013346935A1 (de)
BR (1) BR112015010488A2 (de)
CA (1) CA2889278A1 (de)
CH (1) CH707175A1 (de)
RU (1) RU2015122691A (de)
WO (1) WO2014076087A1 (de)

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CN106678927A (zh) * 2017-02-07 2017-05-17 俞银星 切换正反循环方向的水路换向系统、水暖装置及供热方法
CN106940032A (zh) * 2017-04-17 2017-07-11 中能服能源科技股份有限公司 一种单井式深层地热利用直燃型热泵供热系统
CN110094543B (zh) * 2019-04-30 2020-07-14 上海化工院检测有限公司 一种滑块式绝热换向阀及高低温转换系统
DE102020115277A1 (de) 2020-06-09 2021-12-09 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Leistungsregelung Passivkühlung
CN112880166B (zh) * 2021-02-20 2022-05-10 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种温控器自动设置方法、装置及温控器
AT525349B1 (de) * 2022-03-24 2023-03-15 Ochsner Waermepumpen Gmbh Anlage zur häuslichen Wärmeversorgung
DE102022127454A1 (de) 2022-10-19 2024-04-25 Viessmann Climate Solutions Se Wärmepumpenvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Wärmepumpenvorrichtung

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JP2016502636A (ja) 2016-01-28
CN104781611A (zh) 2015-07-15
BR112015010488A2 (pt) 2017-07-11
WO2014076087A1 (de) 2014-05-22
EP2920520A1 (de) 2015-09-23
CH707175A1 (de) 2014-05-15
RU2015122691A (ru) 2017-01-10
CA2889278A1 (en) 2014-05-22
AU2013346935A1 (en) 2015-06-04

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