US20160161130A1 - Temperature management system - Google Patents

Temperature management system Download PDF

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Publication number
US20160161130A1
US20160161130A1 US14/908,615 US201414908615A US2016161130A1 US 20160161130 A1 US20160161130 A1 US 20160161130A1 US 201414908615 A US201414908615 A US 201414908615A US 2016161130 A1 US2016161130 A1 US 2016161130A1
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Prior art keywords
reservoir
water container
cold
hot
management system
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US14/908,615
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English (en)
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Jan Franck
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F24D11/0221—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
    • F24D11/003—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/10—Fire place
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/12—Heat pump
    • F24D2200/123—Compression type heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/14—Solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
    • F24F2005/0025—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice using heat exchange fluid storage tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F24F2005/0064—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground using solar energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y02A30/272—Solar heating or cooling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/40—Geothermal heat-pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • the invention is directed to a temperature management system, especially for a private household or a public building.
  • the state of the art now includes hot water solar systems in which water heated by one or more solar collectors is used to heat or reheat a water supply in a hot water container through a spiral heat exchanger.
  • the hot water container can, for example, be coupled with a central heating system that distributes the stored heat via radiators in the relevant apartment, as required.
  • FIG. 743.1 shows a system that is primarily used to generate hot water
  • FIG. 743.3 shows a solar absorber roof with heat pump for room heating.
  • this problem can be solved through one hot reservoir and one cold reservoir which are or can be coupled with at least one solar collector or heat exchanger that is installed outdoors for the purpose of heating or cooling the respective reservoir.
  • the hot reservoir can be designed as a hot water container and the cold reservoir as a cold water container.
  • hot reservoir or hot water container as with conventional heating systems, but also one cold reservoir or cold water container in addition, so that the desired temperature is available for each use case at all times, and in particular so that cooling is possible even on hot days.
  • two containers that are separated from each other are used to supply a medium with two different temperature levels, these containers are available for different applications at all times, independently of each other.
  • the hot water container and the cold water container have proven to be advantageous for the hot water container and the cold water container to be coupled or capable of being coupled to one or more common solar collectors and/or heat exchangers for the purpose of heating or cooling the respective water reservoir.
  • conventional solar collectors are optimized primarily for capturing as much solar radiation as possible and converting it to usable heat
  • heat exchangers also allow direct exchange of energy with a surrounding medium, in particular air or water.
  • heat exchangers there are several ways in which one can arrange heat exchangers: they can be integrated with solar collectors or realized as heat exchangers that are separate from the solar collectors.
  • Integration of a heat exchanger with a solar collector could be direct, in that the solar collector is designed without insulation, or indirect through a joint arrangement of coiled pipes of the solar collector and of the heat exchanger on a common frame.
  • a coiled pipe of the heat exchanger could be installed on the reverse side of the coiled pipe of the solar selector, and these can then, for example, be connected in parallel or selectively, that is, separately from each other, in order to accommodate the applicable requirements and environmental conditions.
  • air heat exchangers which are installed in the open and bathed only by air.
  • these can also be designed for exchange of heat with the earth or ground water; a particularly efficient method would be to integrate them into a subterranean water cistern, where primary heat exchange with the contents of the water cistern is possible.
  • the solar collectors and heat exchangers in use should be capable of maximum heat exchange with their environment, in particular designed without any insulation whatsoever. This certainly cannot be taken for granted in the case of solar collectors because they may well be thermally insulated for smooth operation during the winter.
  • the invention also provides that the pipe and hose lines between the solar collectors and/or heat exchangers on the one hand, and the hot water and/or cold water container on the other hand, are thermally insulated so that the heat that is released or absorbed is transported to the reservoir containers with as little loss as possible.
  • the pipe and hose lines between the solar collectors and/or heat exchangers on the one hand, and the hot water and/or cold water container on the other hand, should be thermally closed to form a circuit in which a heat transfer medium, preferably a liquid heat transfer medium, especially water, circulates. This makes it possible for energy to be transported without interruption.
  • a heat transfer medium preferably a liquid heat transfer medium, especially water
  • At least one pump and/or at least one compressor is installed in a circuit for a heat transfer medium.
  • This pump or compressor secures a defined circulation of the heat transfer medium.
  • the invention can be refined in that at least one expansion valve is installed in a circuit for a heat transfer medium.
  • the structure of a heat pump is created when an expansion valve supplements a compressor; that is, when a compressor is installed upstream from a heat exchanger and an expansion valve is installed downstream from this heat exchanger, then the pressure and with it, above all, also the temperature level at this heat exchanger can be raised, and with that a release of heat is initiated there.
  • the pipes and hoses from/to the solar collectors and heat exchangers should be designed as pressure pipes/pressure hoses so that these—especially in the context of a heat pump structure—can be placed under pressure in order to bring about a release of heat at the solar collectors or heat exchangers.
  • the solar collectors and heat exchangers themselves should be designed to be compression-proof, for example for a pressure burden of up to 5 atm or more, preferably for a pressure burden of up to 10 atm or more, especially for a pressure burden of up to 20 atm or more.
  • the invention recommends that the hot water container and/or the cold water container be designed for minimal heat exchange with their respective environments, and that they be, in particular, equipped with intensive thermal insulation.
  • This thermal insulation should be conceived so well that once a temperature level has been achieved, it can be kept fairly stable for several hours, in particular for at least roughly 12 hours, that is, for example, the temperature should deviate by at most 5 degrees: ⁇ T ⁇ 5° C. for ⁇ t ⁇ 12 hours, at least insofar as no heat is taken from or transferred to the container in question.
  • the cold water container is installed underground, in particular in the form of a cistern. Then, the container is in direct contact with deeper layers of the earth which are not exposed to frost in the winter and which in the summer do not become warmer than approximately 10 to 15° C., which is much cooler than the heat of the air. For this reason, thermal insulation of such a cold reservoir is superfluous on the one hand, and on the other hand intensive thermal contact with the surrounding earth can even counteract heating of the contents of the container to more than the aforementioned 10 to 15° C. even if the air does not cool off during especially balmy summer nights, in which case the solar collectors and air heat exchangers according to the invention would not provide sufficient cooling.
  • the hot water container and/or cold water container should have a pressure compensating valve so that excessive pressure cannot build up as a result of temperature changes. On the other hand, it would also be possible not to fill these containers completely but to leave an air or gas bubble that can expand as needed. A pressure compensating container would also be conceivable.
  • the hot water container and/or the cold water container can be equipped with a refilling system or a level regulator. This allows one to ensure that the heat exchangers in the container are completely submerged and, secondly, an air bubble, insofar as desired, is kept in the container.
  • a regulator can operate on a servo component in the form of a pump or a compressor in order to influence the flow rate or velocity within a circuit and in this way control or regulate the heat being transported.
  • a circuit between the container in question and a solar collector or external heat exchanger is to be preferred for such regulation.
  • the hot water container and/or the cold water container should have a heating or cooling spiral through which the heat transfer medium circulates for the purpose of heat exchange.
  • the feeding circuits of the two containers could indeed be separated from each other, so that completely different media could circulate in them (for example, water with an antifreezing agent in the circuit of the cold water container and oil in the circuit of the hot water container, this is not to be regarded as being preferable.
  • water with an antifreezing agent in the circuit of the cold water container and oil in the circuit of the hot water container this is not to be regarded as being preferable.
  • the invention recommends water or oil for this purpose, possibly with additives such as antifreezing agents. This also allows for direct coupling between the two containers, as is explained in greater detail below.
  • the hot water container according to the invention should be fitted with a heating spiral that is installed in its lower area.
  • the heated reservoir liquid rises from there within the container to the top, where the heat stored in it can be extracted directly via another connection or via a heat exchanger.
  • the cold water container should be fitted with a cooling spiral that is installed in its upper area.
  • the cooled reservoir liquid sinks from there within the container to the bottom and collects there, that is, preferably in the lower area, where heat dissipation through secondary heat exchangers is possible or the cool liquid can be siphoned off.
  • the invention recommends that the discharge of a pump or a compressor be directed toward a hot water container.
  • a conveyance facility When such a conveyance facility is located upstream from a hot water container, and, on the other hand, an expansion valve downstream from the hot water container, then the temperature will be raised there; that is, this will cause release of heat to the reservoir liquid of the hot water container.
  • Another construction regulation says that the discharge of a pump or compressor is to be directed away from a cold water container. If, accordingly, such a conveyance facility is located downstream from a cold water container and, on the other hand, an expansion valve is installed upstream from the cold water container, then the temperature within the cooling spiral of the cold water container goes down, thus bringing about absorption of heat by the reservoir liquid of the cold water container.
  • heat is transported from one or more solar collectors and/or heat exchangers to the hot water container.
  • heat is transported from the cold water container to one or more solar collectors and/or heat exchangers.
  • One or more radiators can be connected to the hot water container, especially by means of a spiral heat exchanger installed in the hot water container, through which a heat transfer medium, preferably a liquid heat transfer medium, circulates in order to distribute the heat from the hot water container to one or more radiators.
  • a heat transfer medium preferably a liquid heat transfer medium
  • one or more hot water consumers are connected to the hot water container, either directly or by means of a heating spiral installed in the hot water container, through which a heat transfer medium, preferably a liquid heat transfer medium, circulates in order to distribute the heat from the hot water container to one or more hot water consumers, for example to a warm shower, a hot water tap in the kitchen, etc.
  • a heat transfer medium preferably a liquid heat transfer medium
  • radiators are also attached to the cold water container, in particular through a cooling spiral installed in the cold water container, through which a heat transfer medium, preferably a liquid heat transfer medium, circulates in order to transport the heat absorbed by the radiators to the cold water container.
  • a heat transfer medium preferably a liquid heat transfer medium
  • the invention's doctrine allows for one or more cold water consumers to be connected to the cold water container either directly, so that the cooled reservoir liquid is directed in the form of cold water to a consumer, for example a cold shower, or indirectly by means of a spiral heat exchanger installed in the cold water container, through which a heat transfer medium, preferably a liquid heat transfer medium, circulates in order to direct the heat from one or more cold water consumers, for example of a cold shower, to the cold water container.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention in a schematic view
  • FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the invention in a representation which corresponds to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the invention in a representation which corresponds to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 1 schematically reflects part of a building installation, namely a Temperature Management System 1 .
  • each solar collector 2 On the roof of the building in question there is one, or preferably two or more solar collectors 2 , each with at least one supply point 3 and at least one return point 4 .
  • Two or more solar collectors are connected with each other in that their supply rails 5 are connected with each other on the one hand, and their return rails 6 are connected with each other on the other hand, so that altogether, i.e. over all solar collectors, there is just one common supply rail and just one common return rail, whereby the ribbon conductors 7 are all connected in parallel.
  • the ribbon conductors 7 are flowed through upward because the medium that is heated in them rises.
  • the solar collectors 2 should not be thermally insulated from their surroundings. They can, for example, have a metal plate which can be blackened and with which the ribbon conductors 7 are in thermal contact.
  • the solar collectors 2 are coupled with one hot reservoir 8 , which is usually designed as a hot water container.
  • the latter contains, preferably in its lower area, a heat exchanger 9 , preferably in the form of coiled tubing.
  • This heat exchanger 9 is connected with the row of solar collectors 2 by means of one supply pipe 10 and one return pipe 11 , resulting in a closed loop for a heat transfer medium.
  • a pump 12 or a compressor is provided to keep the heat transfer medium flowing.
  • the heat transfer medium flowing in a circuit is preferably liquid, especially water. It can contain an antifreezing agent so that its permissible temperature range also covers outdoor temperatures under 0° C. and/or it can be kept under pressure so that it stays in liquid form even if it heats up to temperatures above 100° C., as could happen, for example, if a circulation pump were to fail.
  • Circulation can be interrupted by means of valves 13 , 14 .
  • the hot reservoir 8 is preferably thermally insulated, for example by means of vacuum insulation panels, and can be provided with a pressure equalizer, for example a pressure relief valve to the atmosphere.
  • a pressure equalizer for example a pressure relief valve to the atmosphere.
  • Level measurement can likewise be provided, as can a temperature measurement at one or more places in the hot reservoir 8 .
  • the upper area of the hot reservoir 8 contains a second pipe coil as a second heat exchanger 15 . Its two connector ends 16 , 17 are connected via one pipe 18 , 19 each and one shut-off device 20 , 21 each with one distribution rail 22 , 23 each, to which one or more, preferably all, of the household's radiators 24 are attached.
  • Thermostats which are not included in the diagram, can be used to control flow through the radiators 24 individually, in accordance with actual heating requirements.
  • warm water can be heated by or diverted from the hot reservoir 8 , say for hot water for the kitchen or bathroom. This is not included in the diagram.
  • the hot reservoir 8 can be provided with supplementary heating, for example in the form of a gas burner, oil burner or the like.
  • the system components described above are suitable only for heating the rooms in the household and for generating hot water. Cooling with the components described above would be just as unlikely as nighttime operations, inasmuch as the sun does not shine during the night, whence the hot reservoir 8 could not be reheated by the solar collectors 2 .
  • the hot reservoir 8 is sufficiently large, for example with a volume of 1,000 liters or more, preferably with a volume of 2,000 liters or more and especially with a volume of 4,000 liters or more, and if moreover it has optimal thermal insulation, and if it has been heated to a temperature of, for example, 50° C. or more, preferably 60° C. or more, then it might be able to keep its temperature overnight, maintaining its heating operations until the next morning.
  • Conventional solar collectors 2 would be inactive during the night.
  • the system according to the invention also has a cold reservoir 25 , likewise preferable in the form of a water tank or a container, whereby the water in it, which serves as a heat storage medium, preferably also contains an antifreezing agent so that it stays in its liquid state even at temperatures well under 0° C.
  • the cold reservoir 25 can have the same construction as the hot reservoir 8 , that is, for example, it can have thermal insulation, a pressure equalizer or relief, a refilling system, level measurements and possibly one or more sensors for measuring the temperature in its interior.
  • a heat exchanger 26 in the form of a pipe coil or the like is installed in the upper area of the cold reservoir 25 and its connector ends 27 and 28 are connected via one valve 29 , 30 each or other shut-off device with the supply and return pipe respectively so that after the valves 13 and 14 have been closed and the valves 29 and 30 opened, circulation through the solar collectors 2 no longer continues through the heat exchanger 9 in the hot reservoir 8 , but through the heat exchanger 26 in the cold reservoir 25 .
  • the heat transfer medium can then be kept in motion by a further pump 31 or a compressor.
  • valves 13 , 14 When the valves 13 , 14 are closed during the night and the hot reservoir 8 is working in full storage mode, the valves 29 , 30 are opened so that now the cold reservoir 25 communicates with the solar collectors 2 .
  • the solar collectors 2 are not insulated and can even be designed as heat exchangers which, for example, exchange heat with the surrounding air.
  • the heat transfer medium circulates back and forth between the heat exchanger 26 and the solar collectors 2 within the circuit 10 , 11 .
  • this medium preferably water—cools off in the solar collectors 2 or external heat exchangers accordingly and when it flows back to and enters the heat exchanger 26 of the cold reservoir 25 , it extracts energy from the cold reservoir, which energy is in turn released in the solar collectors 2 or external heat exchangers.
  • the cold reservoir 25 can be cooled, in any case to the outdoor temperature near the solar collectors 2 .
  • valves 29 , 30 are closed again and the cold reservoir 25 switches to storage mode while the hot reservoir 8 is connected with the solar collectors again when the valves 13 , 14 are opened again. It is advisable not to turn on the pump 12 31 during a certain transition time but to wait until the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the solar collectors 2 has reached the temperature level in the connected hot or cold reservoir 8 , 25 .
  • the cold reservoir 25 also has a second heat exchanger 32 , preferably likewise in the form of a pipe coil, in particular in the lower area of the cold reservoir 25 .
  • the cold reservoir 25 can likewise take the form of a somewhat cylindrical vessel standing upright.
  • the two connector ends of the second heat exchanger 32 in the cold reservoir 25 are connected via one of the pipes 35 , 36 each and one shut-off device 37 , 38 each with one of the two heating distribution rails 22 , 23 to which one or more, preferably all, of the radiators 24 of the household are attached.
  • Thermostats can be used to regulate the flow through the radiators 24 individually, in accordance with current requirements for cooling. Since the heat transfer medium in the circuit 22 , 23 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 is at a low temperature level, for example at 10° C. or below, the so-called radiators are not used to heat the rooms but to cool them off, i.e. they absorb heat and take it away to the cold reservoir 25 , the temperature of which rises slowly.
  • the cold reservoir 25 is sufficiently large, for example with a volume of 1,000 liters or more, preferably a volume of 2,000 liters or more, especially with a volume of 4,000 liters or more, and if moreover it has optimal thermal insulation, and it has been cooled during the night to a temperature of, for example, 10° C. or lower, preferably 5° C. or lower, then it might be able to keep its temperature during the day, and maintain its cooling operations during the day and especially throughout the afternoon.
  • cold water can be generated by or diverted from the cold reservoir 25 , say for cold water for kitchen or bathroom. This is not included in the diagram.
  • the embodiment 1′ according to FIG. 2 has undergone a few, but functionally especially advantageous changes relative to the embodiment according to FIG. 1 .
  • the changes pertain solely to the circuit through the solar collectors 2 ′.
  • This circuit then uses a heat transfer medium which evaporates when heat is supplied at low pressure but then condenses again after compression to higher pressure and release of heat. Thus operation like that of a heat pump is possible.
  • Compressors 12 ′, 31 ′ are used for this purpose instead of pumps 12 , 31 , and in addition a throttle or expansion valve 39 , 40 is used on the other side of the relevant heat exchanger 9 ′, 26 ′.
  • valves 29 ′, 30 ′ are closed and the valves 13 ′, 14 ′ are open, then the heat transfer medium is compressed by the compressor 12 ′ and condenses with release of heat in the heat exchanger 9 ′ being operated as a condenser.
  • the medium undergoes a reduction of pressure in the valve 39 and the expanded medium ultimately evaporates with absorption of heat in the solar collectors 2 ′ being operated as vaporizers.
  • the advantage of this arrangement is that heat transport during the day from outdoors to indoors also works when the outdoor temperatures are relatively low.
  • the advantage of this arrangement is that the heat transport during the night from indoors to outdoors also works when the outdoor temperatures are relatively high, as during a balmy summer night. Even with outdoor temperatures such as 15° C. or higher, it is still possible to cool the cold reservoir 25 ′ to 5° C. or lower; if antifreezing agents are used, temperatures within the cold reservoir could conceivably even lie under 0° C.
  • FIG. 3 depicts an improved embodiment of a temperature management system 1 ′′ according to the invention which is based on the arrangement of FIG. 2 and also works in accordance with the heat pump principle. However, here there is a total of only one single heat pump 41 with one compressor 42 , one condensation container 43 , one expansion valve 44 and one evaporation container 45 , which are connected in this order with each other to form a circle.
  • the condensation container 43 contains a heat exchanger 46 , for example in the form of a pipe coil, which can be coupled via valves 13 ′′, 14 ′′ with the heat exchanger 9 ′′ within the hot reservoir 8 ′′.
  • a heat exchanger 46 for example in the form of a pipe coil, which can be coupled via valves 13 ′′, 14 ′′ with the heat exchanger 9 ′′ within the hot reservoir 8 ′′.
  • the evaporation container 45 has a heat exchanger 47 for example in the form of a pipe coil, which can be coupled via valves 29 ′′, 30 ′′ with the heat exchanger 26 ′′ within the hot reservoir 25 ′′.
  • the supply and return pipes 10 , 11 to and from the solar collectors 2 ′′ can be connected via the valves 48 , 49 with the heat exchanger 46 in the condensation container 43 or via the valves 50 , 51 with the heat exchanger 47 in the evaporation container 45 .
  • valves 13 ′′, 14 ′′, 29 ′′, 30 ′′, 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 are open or closed.
  • valves 13 ′′, 14 ′′ and 50 and 51 are open and the remaining valves are closed—the hot reservoir 8 ′′ is charged via the solar collectors 2 ′′.
  • the compressor 41 and/or additional circulation pumps are open in full daytime operation but still closed during preparatory morning operation.
  • valves 29 ′′, 30 ′′, 48 and 49 are open and the other valves are closed—the cold reservoir 25 ′′ is cooled off via the solar collectors 2 ′′ or external heat exchangers.
  • the compressor 41 and/or further circulation pumps are on during full nighttime operation, but are still closed during preparatory evening operation.
  • this temperature management system 1 ′′ also allows a so-called fifth operating mode. It's defining characteristic is that the valves 13 ′′, 14 ′′ and 29 ′′ and 30 ′′ are open while the other valves 48 to 51 are closed. Now the two reservoirs, namely the hot reservoir 8 ′′ and the cold reservoir 25 ′′, are coupled directly with each other via the heat pump 41 , i.e. the hot reservoir 8 ′′ is heated and at the same time the cold reservoir 25 ′′ is cooled.
  • This mixed operating mode is frequently advisable when a reservoir has not yet been charged and at the same time the other reservoir is already partly discharged. This frequently happens when the weather changes, for example when a cold day is followed by a mild night, so that due to the ongoing heating during the day the hot reservoir was not charged sufficiently, and, at the same time, the cold reservoir was not able to cool off fast enough during the evening.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
US14/908,615 2013-07-29 2014-07-29 Temperature management system Abandoned US20160161130A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE102013012436.0 2013-07-29
DE102013012436 2013-07-29
PCT/IB2014/001404 WO2015015273A1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2014-07-29 Système de gestion de température

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US16/537,891 Continuation-In-Part US11408614B2 (en) 2013-07-29 2019-08-12 Temperature management system

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EP (1) EP3027971B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105452776A (fr)
AU (1) AU2014298101B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2919554C (fr)
NZ (1) NZ717024A (fr)
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WO2021024261A1 (fr) 2019-08-08 2021-02-11 Sowillo Energy Ltd Gestion de chaleur intégrée pour un bâtiment

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IN2015MU01611A (fr) * 2015-04-20 2015-05-01 Gunvant Mehta Alpesh
DE102017006460A1 (de) 2017-07-07 2019-01-10 ZLT Lüftungs- und Brandschutztechnik GmbH Verfahren zur Klimatisierung eines Gebäudes und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
EP3748253A1 (fr) * 2019-06-04 2020-12-09 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO Système et procédé de collecte d'énergie
EP3862637A1 (fr) * 2020-02-07 2021-08-11 E.ON Sverige AB Ensemble de stockage thermique et organe de commande conçu pour commander un tel ensemble

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US4165036A (en) * 1977-08-29 1979-08-21 Milton Meckler Multi source heat pump air conditioning system
US4809523A (en) * 1984-05-17 1989-03-07 Vandenberg Leonard B Thermal cooling and heat transfer system
US20150168020A1 (en) * 2012-07-23 2015-06-18 PO Box 32598 Temperature limiter for fluidic systems

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021024261A1 (fr) 2019-08-08 2021-02-11 Sowillo Energy Ltd Gestion de chaleur intégrée pour un bâtiment
US12055304B2 (en) 2019-08-08 2024-08-06 Sowillo Energy Ltd Integrated heat management for a building

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WO2015015244A1 (fr) 2015-02-05
WO2015015273A1 (fr) 2015-02-05
CA2919554A1 (fr) 2015-02-05
CN105452776A (zh) 2016-03-30
AU2014298101A1 (en) 2016-02-25
AU2014298101B2 (en) 2018-02-22
CA2919554C (fr) 2022-05-31
RU2652490C2 (ru) 2018-04-26
EP3027971A1 (fr) 2016-06-08
RU2016107027A (ru) 2017-09-04
NZ717024A (en) 2019-11-29
EP3027971B1 (fr) 2022-03-16

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