WO2015094102A1 - Construction comprenant une structure de bâtiment et une cuve souterraine de stockage thermique - Google Patents

Construction comprenant une structure de bâtiment et une cuve souterraine de stockage thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015094102A1
WO2015094102A1 PCT/SE2014/051524 SE2014051524W WO2015094102A1 WO 2015094102 A1 WO2015094102 A1 WO 2015094102A1 SE 2014051524 W SE2014051524 W SE 2014051524W WO 2015094102 A1 WO2015094102 A1 WO 2015094102A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
enclosed space
heat storage
air
construction
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2014/051524
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Frans Kodeda
Original Assignee
Kodeda Group Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kodeda Group Ab filed Critical Kodeda Group Ab
Publication of WO2015094102A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015094102A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F24D11/0221—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1066—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water
    • F24D19/1072—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water the system uses a heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/12—Heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/14—Solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/006—Parts of a building integrally forming part of heating systems, e.g. a wall as a heat storing mass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/10—Heat storage materials, e.g. phase change materials or static water enclosed in a space
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps

Definitions

  • Construction comprising a building structure and a ground-based heat storage
  • the invention relates to a construction comprising a building structure and a ground-based heat storage, wherein air heat pump technology is used for taking heat from a solar-heated, enclosed space above the heat storage, which heat is given off to the heat storage and to, for example, a domestic hot water system belonging to a building within the construction.
  • the purpose of the invention is increased energy efficiency for buildings through improved storing of solar heat.
  • the invention relates to a construction comprising a building structure and a ground-based heat storage according to the appended claim 1 .
  • the dependent claims set forth various embodiments, improvements, and variants of the invention.
  • the building structure is located essentially above the ground-based heat storage in the vertical direction and has approximately the same or greater expanse than the heat storage in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction.
  • the heat storage is located inside, or near, the external frames of the building structure.
  • the building structure comprises at least one house body arranged in connection to the heat storage and an enclosed space located above the heat storage in connection to the house body.
  • said enclosed space constitutes no house body in the ordinary sense, but is conveniently constituted of a simpler roof and wall structure enclosing the air above the heat storage.
  • walls of an adjacent house body or house bodies are used as limiting surfaces to contribute to the enclosure of said space. It is an advantage of placing this space, and not a house body, above the heat storage that the heat storage with associated pipe system etc. becomes easily accessible for overhaul and repair. It is a further advantage that the heat storage is not required to sustain any (major) weight/load, which simplifies the design of the construction.
  • the vertical heat leakage from the heat storage does not lead to a heat loss, as in conventional ground-based heat storages, but to heating of the air in the enclosed space. This spontaneous heat transfer from the heat storage is an intended effect of the construction and is favourable for direct heat transfer to adjacent house bodies, and also because it promotes the heat pump function described in more detail below.
  • the heat storage In order to obtain a suitable transfer of heat from the heat storage to the enclosed space, the heat storage is positioned in connection to a ground level in the enclosed space. This is in contrast to many conventional ground- based heat storages, which may lie deep below ground level, perhaps 10 metres or more, sometimes precisely to avoid heat transfer to what is above ground level. However, even though a relatively shallow position is suitable in the construction according to the present invention, it is not desirable normally that the heat storage is exposed or positioned right up at the ground surface. If so, the heat transfer to the enclosed space might become too large, and the storage capacity in the heat storage become too small.
  • the upper surface of a clay-based heat storage may be positioned from a few decimetres up to one metre below ground level with, for example, mould or gravel placed on top. The exact position of the heat storage can be adapted to the construction in point. In many cases it is expedient to lay out walkways, recreation areas, meeting places, plantation, etc. on top of the heat storage.
  • the enclosed space has a limiting surface in the form of a wall or a roof being at least partially transparent to solar radiation and being arranged to allow heating of the enclosed space by means of solar radiation.
  • the air in the enclosed space will be heated, not only from the heat storage, but also by solar radiation, especially via ground and walls which absorb and then transfer the energy/heat from the solar radiation. This is true even in winter (sunny days).
  • Such an enclosed space serves as a heated and bright courtyard. Alternatively, it may serve as an indoor plaza, or be a covered street.
  • an air heat pump system is arranged in connection to the enclosed space, wherein the air heat pump system is adapted to extract heat from the air in the enclosed space; wherein the air heat pump system is furthermore adapted to give off heat to both the heat storage and to a heating system and/or domestic hot water system arranged in the house body.
  • the air heat pump system may include one or more heat pumps of conventional type with evaporator, compressor, condenser, and throttle valve, wherein a cold medium circulates and takes up (extracts) heat at the evaporator and gives off heat at the condenser.
  • a cold medium circulates and takes up (extracts) heat at the evaporator and gives off heat at the condenser.
  • the air heat pump system according to the inventive construction is arranged such that heat is taken from the air in the enclosed space, which heat is subsequently given off to a heating system or domestic hot water system in a building in the building structure, or to the heat storage.
  • the setup is such that heat can be distributed simultaneously between the various recipients. How the extracted heat is to be distributed depends on, for example, heat requirements in buildings and the current temperature in the heat storage.
  • heat is preferably given off to the heat storage until it has reached the current max temperature. If the heat storage is not in need of more heat either, the air heat pump system can be shut down until heat demand arises.
  • an additional unit may be connected to the air heat pump system to which heat can be given off.
  • Such a unit could be e.g. a swimming pool, or an additional building not included in the primary building structure.
  • the construction may relate to primarily office buildings, while the extra unit might be a residential building, which usually has heating requirements at other times of the day than an office building.
  • the air heat pump system can be used simultaneously for cooling the enclosed space or a house body in the primary building structure. Such operation is probably most desirable in summer.
  • the construction includes awnings or other means to limit the solar radiation to the enclosed space when the heat content in the enclosed space and the heat storage is sufficient, typically a warm and sunny summer's day.
  • regulatable ventilation means such as openings and fans, are expediently installed to make possible ventilation of the enclosed space.
  • the incoming energy to the construction is essentially solar energy as the heat for the water systems (heating, domestic hot water) is taken from the air in the enclosed space, which, in turn, is primarily heated by solar energy, partly directly via solar radiation into the space, and partly indirectly via the heat storage, which in turn is heated by radiated solar energy.
  • a certain amount of incoming electrical energy is necessary to drive the air heat pump system.
  • that operation can be made very electricity efficient because the energy conversion that normally gives rise to heat losses can be largely eliminated as such "losses" result in heating of the air in the enclosed space.
  • heat transfer to and from the storage may be allowed to have significantly faster fluctuations, and the fluctuations can be adapted to, for example current weather variations.
  • net storing of heat can take place in the heat storage during a/some sunny day(s) or week(s) in winter with warmer weather, or net withdrawal of heat can take place from heat storages during an/some overcast day(s) or week(s) in summer with cooler weather.
  • the heat transfer can be adapted to the hours of the day so that net storing takes place in (parts of) the daytime, and net withdrawal in (parts of) the night. According to the above description, a more flexible and dynamic heat transfer to and from the heat storage is of particular interest for small-sized heat storages, which have less capacity.
  • the heat storage is arranged for connection to an external heat source, such as waste heat from heat- generating processes or return heat in a district heating network, for supplementary or alternative heating of the heat storage.
  • Utilization of such an external heat source is also expedient when the price of electricity is so high that the costs of running the air heat pump system, and to thereby give off heat to the heat storage, will be higher than heating the heat storage via the external heat source. Return heat from the district heating networks is often obtainable at relatively low cost, which makes that alternative very interesting.
  • the possibility to couple in the external heat source is desirable in the event the heat pump system, or parts thereof, does not operate satisfactorily.
  • the external heat source can act as backup system.
  • the heat storage comprises a first duct system for connection to, and heating via, said air heat pump system.
  • the first duct system is adapted for through flow of a heat medium and allows heating of the heat storage via direct or indirect coupling to the air heat pump system.
  • the heat storage comprises a second duct system for connection to, and heating via, said external heat source.
  • the second duct system is adapted for through flow of a heat medium and allows heating of the heat storage via direct or indirect coupling to the external heat source.
  • the first and the second duct system may well consist of one and the same duct system, which is made connectable to the air heat pump system and, via valves and fittings outside the heat storage, possibly even to the external heat source, if present.
  • the duct system may consist of pipes or tubes distributed in a kind of loop over the length and width, and perhaps even depth, of the heat storage at a depth of perhaps 1 -3 metres from ground level.
  • heat medium use may be made of, for example, water, which during recirculation takes up heat by heat exchange with air heat pump system or external heat source and gives off heat to the heat storage.
  • the house body is located next to the heat storage. According to the above, advantages hereof are that the heat storage is accessible and is not required to sustain any weight.
  • the house body constitutes a limiting surface of the enclosed space. This simplifies construction work as well as reduces the heat losses to the surroundings.
  • the building structure comprises at least two house bodies arranged in connection to the heat storage on opposite sides thereof, wherein said house bodies are joined via said wall or roof, alternatively via additional walls, house bodies and/or roofs, which house bodies, walls and roofs thereby define said enclosed space.
  • Two or more house bodies can thus be arranged along the heat storage sides, or one house body is allowed to surround the entire or almost the entire heat storage. In this way, a larger portion of the heat is used in the enclosed space.
  • the enclosed space can easily be arranged by attaching a roof (for example partially made of glass), and, if the house body does not surround the entire storage, one or more walls (for example partially made of glass) between the surrounding house bodies.
  • the air heat pump system is arranged such as to extract, in operation, heat from an airflow, wherein the system is arranged to allow regulating of the airflow, at least after heat has been extracted by the air heat pump system, wherein said regulating is arranged such that, in a first regulating position, the airflow is discharged into the enclosed space, whereby the air is thus allowed to recirculate in the enclosed space, and that, in a second control position, the airflow is discharged outside the enclosed space.
  • the energy content and the temperature of the airflow drop.
  • the air heat pump system By allowing, as in the current construction, the air heat pump system to operate with air heated in a solar-heated space, e.g. by simply placing a conventional air heat pump fan and evaporator in the enclosed space, it is avoided in most situations to have to work with extremely cold air.
  • By controlling the airflow such that the air in the cooled airflow is allowed to recirculate in the enclosed space only when its temperature is higher than the ambient air outside the enclosed space, it is possible to maintain to a higher degree a higher temperature inside the enclosed space.
  • the airflow after contact with the heat pump's evaporator is lower than the ambient air, the airflow may be discharged to the surroundings, and the relatively warmer outside air may be allowed to enter the enclosed space instead.
  • the airflow may be allowed to be discharged into the enclosed space as it has a lower temperature than the ambient air. If there is a need to cool apartments or offices in the house body, the cooled airflow may, as alternative or supplement, be passed directly to the house body.
  • the enclosed space may be provided with one or more openings which may be located in different places depending on the construction in point. Conveniently, such openings are relatively small, at least if they are not regulatable, so as to prevent a major uncontrolled air exchange.
  • the openings may be part of a system for ventilation of the enclosed space.
  • the air heat pump system comprises an air duct and an airflow regulator, in the form of e.g. a damper, arranged to accomplish said regulating.
  • the air heat pump system comprises: a first temperature sensor adapted to sense a temperature T1 in the airflow after heat has been extracted by the air heat pump system; a second temperature sensor adapted to sense a temperature T2 in ambient air outside the enclosed space; and a control unit adapted to control said airflow regulating in dependence of the temperatures T1 and T2.
  • the control unit is adapted to activate the first regulating position (recirculation in enclosed space) where T1 > T2 and by activating the second regulating position (the airflow is discharged outside the enclosed space) where T2 > T1 .
  • the control unit is also adapted to control regulators which distribute the airflow between surroundings and ventilation system in the house body in the event the airflow is discharged from the enclosed space.
  • the air heat pump system may include additional temperature sensors coupled to the control unit, for example with regard to the temperature at various sites in the enclosed space and in the house body, and the temperature in the heat storage and at various sites where cold medium or heat medium flows.
  • the control unit can be configured to control, in various ways, airflow, heat pump effect, etc.
  • the air heat pump system comprises pipes for transferring heat from the air heat pump system to the heat storage. Such pipes may be coupled together with the duct system or duct systems, which according to the above is/are disposed in the heat storage. Conveniently, the heat is transferred by circulating water or other heat carrying medium through the pipes and on to the duct system where heat is transferred to the heat storage.
  • the enclosed space is provided with one or more openings allowing at least a small amount of air to pass in and out between the enclosed space and the surroundings.
  • a biofilter is disposed in the enclosed space, preferably on top of the heat storage, which biofilter comprises plants with the ability to clean the air in the enclosed space.
  • air from the building structure can be recirculated via the enclosed space.
  • the ground-based heat storage comprises a heat-storing medium with high specific heat capacity in the form of water, clay, soil, and/or rock. Combinations of these materials are also possible.
  • Clay is a particularly suitable material as clay contains much water, which has a very high specific heat capacity, and holds the water in place. If the ground under the enclosed space consists of clay, such clay can largely be left and constitute the heat storage.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view, from the southeast, of an embodiment of a construction according to the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a view, from the south, of the embodiment according to
  • Figure 3 shows a view, from the southwest, of the embodiment according to
  • Figures 1 -3 show an example of a construction 1 comprising a building structure 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and a ground-based heat storage 4 (dashed line).
  • Figure 1 shows the construction 1 viewed in perspective from the southeast;
  • Figure 2 shows the construction 1 viewed from the south; and Figure 3 shows the construction viewed from the southwest.
  • the building structure includes, in turn, a first and a second house body 2, 3 disposed in connection to, and on opposite sides of (west and east of) the ground-based heat storage 4.
  • the house bodies 2, 3, and the building portion 10 are all equally high (three levels) and form a U- shaped formation.
  • Additional apartments 15 are arranged on top of the house bodies 2 and 3.
  • An enclosed space 5 is arranged between the house bodies
  • the heat storage 4 is arranged in connection to a ground level in the enclosed space 5, more specifically, the heat storage 4 is arranged such that its upper surface is about half a metre below ground level. Mould covers the heat storage 4. In this example, the dimensions of the heat storage 4 are about 2 * 20 * 25 metres.
  • the wall structure 7 covers the entire south facade of the building structure, which gives a highly effective inflow of solar radiation (e.g. in Sweden) to the enclosed space 5 located inside the wall structure 7.
  • the construction 1 further comprises a first and a second air heat pump system, illustrated by a first and a second heat pump part 21 , 22, arranged at their respective house body 2, 3 inside the enclosed space 5.
  • Each of the air heat pump systems is adapted to extract heat from the air in the enclosed space 5, via an evaporator in the respective heat pump part 21 , 22, and to give off heat both to the heat storage 4 and to heating system (not shown) and domestic hot water system (not shown) arranged in the house bodies 2, 3.
  • the systems are designed to be able to distribute the heat among these recipients, as needed.
  • Each of the air heat pump systems is arranged such as to extract, in operation, heat from an airflow and to allow regulating of the airflow after heat has been extracted by the air heat pump system.
  • Said regulating is arranged in such manner that, in a first regulating position, the airflow is discharged into the enclosed space 5, whereby the air is thus allowed to recirculate in the enclosed space 5, and that, in a second regulating position, the airflow is discharged outside the enclosed space 5, where outside air from the surroundings is allowed to flow into the enclosed space 5 via an opening (not shown).
  • each of the heat pump parts 21 , 22 is provided with an air duct 26, 27 and an airflow regulator (not shown), in the form of, for example, a damper, arranged to accomplish said regulating. Change or adjustment of regulating position is done by changing the angle or position of the airflow regulator in the air duct 26, 27 so that the airflow is conducted in the intended direction.
  • Each of the air heat pump systems further comprises a first temperature sensor adapted to sense a temperature T1 in the airflow after heat has been extracted by the air heat pump system; a second temperature sensor adapted to sense a temperature T2 in ambient air outside the enclosed space 5; and a control unit adapted to control said airflow regulating in dependence of the temperatures T1 and T2, preferably by activating the first regulating position where T1 > T2 and by activating the second regulating position where T2 > T1 .
  • the second activating position where T2 > T1 i.e. to discharge the cooled airflow outside the enclosed space 5 when the temperature of the airflow (after contact with the heat pump) is lower than the temperature of the ambient air, is particularly useful in winter time when it is of great importance to keep as high temperature as possible of the air in the enclosed space 5 in order not to lose heat pump efficiency. Then the airflow is discharged to the surroundings outside the enclosed space 5.
  • the cooled airflow can be passed directly to the respective house body 2, 3 (by similar use of dampers and via not shown air ducts) to be used when there is a need for cooling in the house bodies 2 and 3.
  • heat stored in the heat storage 4 returns to the building structure, mostly to the air in the enclosed space 5 via vertical heat transport through the ground storage above the heat storage 4 and to a lesser extent to the house bodies 2, 3 via horizontal and vertical heat transport.
  • Pipes 23, 24 indicate in a simplified manner that heat can be transported via a heat carrying medium, for example water, from the heat pump parts 21 , 22 (actually from heat exchangers in contact with respective condensers) to the heat storage 4.
  • a heat carrying medium for example water
  • the heat storage 4 comprises two setups of a first duct system (not shown) for connection to each of said pipes 23, 24 to allow transfer of heat to the heat storage 4 from each of the air heat pump systems.
  • the heat storage 4 is arranged for connection to an external heat source (not shown), such as waste heat from heat-generating processes or return heat in a district heating network, for supplementary or alternative heating of the heat storage 4.
  • Pipes 25 indicate that heat can be transported via a heat medium from said external heat source to the heat storage 4.
  • the heat storage 4 includes a second duct system (not shown) arranged to be connected to pipes 25.
  • the duct systems in the heat storage 4 can be designed in various ways. For example, one and the same duct system can be used for alternative coupling to either heat pump system or external heat source.
  • the ground-based heat storage 4 consists of a clay, and despite its small size, as compared with e.g. a rock storage, the heat storage 4, together with the enclosed space 5 and the heat pump systems, gives the construction 1 high energy efficiency, i.a. because the heat losses from the heat storage 4 can be taken over by the building structure 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 in the construction 1 .
  • the solution with the heat storage 4 under under the enclosed space 5 creates preconditions of disposing a biofilter in the enclosed space 5.
  • a biofilter consists of plants which effectively clean the air and hence regenerate the air ventilated out from the surrounding buildings.
  • Such plants have been tested in, for example, NASA's space research program.
  • the plants are disposed in the enclosed space 5, which thereby serves several functions: biofilter, solar collector, protection for heat storage 4, and conservatory.
  • biofilter to clean recirculated air from surrounding buildings by means of biofilters is especially favourable in the winter time because the need to heat cold outside air is avoided.
  • the construction 1 also comprises a system for ventilation (not shown) of the enclosed space 5.
  • a system for ventilation may comprise fans and a number of openings in the enclosed space 5 allowing air to flow in or out. In the summer time, ventilation may be desirable in order to cool the enclosed space 5.
  • the construction may comprise additional heating systems.
  • the construction may additionally be equipped with, for example, a second heat pump system adapted to extract heat from the heat storage 4 and to give off heat to the heating system and/or domestic hot water system of the house.
  • a second heat pump system adapted to extract heat from the heat storage 4 and to give off heat to the heating system and/or domestic hot water system of the house.
  • heat pump system normally it suffices to use only heat pump system, of which, in this case, there are two.
  • the heat pump parts 21 , 22 may be positioned further into the enclosed space 5 to be allowed to operate with somewhat warmer air during very cold winter nights where the air near the wall 7 is at risk of getting strongly cooled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne une construction (1) comprenant une structure de bâtiment (2, 3, 5, 6, 7) et une cuve souterraine de stockage thermique (4). L'invention est caractérisée en ce que la structure de bâtiment (2, 3, 5, 6, 7) est disposée sensiblement au-dessus de la cuve souterraine de stockage thermique (4) dans le sens vertical et en ce que la structure de bâtiment (2, 3, 5, 6, 7) présente une superficie supérieure ou égale à celle de la cuve de stockage thermique (4) dans un sens perpendiculaire au sens vertical. Ladite structure de bâtiment comprend au moins un corps d'habitation (2, 3) agencé de manière à être relié à la cuve de stockage thermique (4) et une enceinte (5) disposée au-dessus de la cuve de stockage thermique (4) de manière adjacente au corps d'habitation (2, 3). Ladite enceinte (5) présente une surface de délimitation en forme de mur (7) ou de toit (6) qui est au moins partiellement transparente au rayonnement solaire et disposée de manière à permettre le réchauffement de l'enceinte (5) par le rayonnement solaire. Un système de pompe à air chaud (21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27) est agencé de manière à être relié à l'enceinte (5). Ledit système de pompe à air chaud (21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27) est conçu pour extraire la chaleur de l'air dans l'enceinte (5). Ledit système de pompe à air chaud est en outre conçu pour transmettre de la chaleur à la cuve de stockage thermique (4) ainsi qu'à un système de chauffage et/ou d'eau chaude à usage domestique disposé dans le corps d'habitation (2, 3). Enfin, ladite cuve de stockage thermique (4) est agencée de manière à être reliée à un niveau de sol de l'enceinte (5).
PCT/SE2014/051524 2013-12-20 2014-12-17 Construction comprenant une structure de bâtiment et une cuve souterraine de stockage thermique WO2015094102A1 (fr)

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SE1351551-5 2013-12-20
SE1351551 2013-12-20

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WO2015094102A1 true WO2015094102A1 (fr) 2015-06-25

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2631040C1 (ru) * 2016-05-28 2017-09-15 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Юго-Западный государственный университет" (ЮЗГУ) Система гелиотеплохладоснабжения
WO2018161508A1 (fr) * 2017-03-07 2018-09-13 赫普热力发展有限公司 Système de régulation de charge de crête d'une centrale thermique par combinaison d'un stockage de chaleur inter-saison d'eau naturelle et d'une chaudière à électrodes
RU2724642C2 (ru) * 2018-02-08 2020-06-25 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Юго-Западный государственный университет" (ЮЗГУ) Система гелиотеплохладоснабжения

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2631040C1 (ru) * 2016-05-28 2017-09-15 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Юго-Западный государственный университет" (ЮЗГУ) Система гелиотеплохладоснабжения
WO2018161508A1 (fr) * 2017-03-07 2018-09-13 赫普热力发展有限公司 Système de régulation de charge de crête d'une centrale thermique par combinaison d'un stockage de chaleur inter-saison d'eau naturelle et d'une chaudière à électrodes
RU2724642C2 (ru) * 2018-02-08 2020-06-25 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Юго-Западный государственный университет" (ЮЗГУ) Система гелиотеплохладоснабжения

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