US20160068238A1 - Underwater floating body and installation method thereof - Google Patents

Underwater floating body and installation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
US20160068238A1
US20160068238A1 US14/771,298 US201314771298A US2016068238A1 US 20160068238 A1 US20160068238 A1 US 20160068238A1 US 201314771298 A US201314771298 A US 201314771298A US 2016068238 A1 US2016068238 A1 US 2016068238A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
floating body
sub
cabins
cabin
water
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Abandoned
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US14/771,298
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English (en)
Inventor
Jun Yan
Yao Zhao
Yu Wang
Hua Shao
Shu Xiong
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WSIC WH OFFSHORE ENGINEERING SHIP DESIGN Co Ltd
Wuchang Shipbuilding Industry Group Co Ltd
Original Assignee
WSIC WH OFFSHORE ENGINEERING SHIP DESIGN Co Ltd
Wuchang Shipbuilding Industry Group Co Ltd
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Application filed by WSIC WH OFFSHORE ENGINEERING SHIP DESIGN Co Ltd, Wuchang Shipbuilding Industry Group Co Ltd filed Critical WSIC WH OFFSHORE ENGINEERING SHIP DESIGN Co Ltd
Assigned to WUCHANG SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY GROUP CO., LTD., WSIC WH OFFSHORE ENGINEERING SHIP DESIGN CO. LTD reassignment WUCHANG SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY GROUP CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SHAO, HUA, WANG, YU, XIONG, Shu, YAN, JUN, ZHAO, YAO
Publication of US20160068238A1 publication Critical patent/US20160068238A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/34—Diving chambers with mechanical link, e.g. cable, to a base
    • B63C11/36—Diving chambers with mechanical link, e.g. cable, to a base of closed type
    • B63C11/40—Diving chambers with mechanical link, e.g. cable, to a base of closed type adapted to specific work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/14—Control of attitude or depth
    • B63G8/22—Adjustment of buoyancy by water ballasting; Emptying equipment for ballast tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/36—Adaptations of ventilation, e.g. schnorkels, cooling, heating, or air-conditioning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/448—Floating hydrocarbon production vessels, e.g. Floating Production Storage and Offloading vessels [FPSO]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of ships, and particularly relates to an underwater floating body and an installation method thereof
  • a floating production storage and offloading device As offshore oil and gas resource development equipment, a floating production storage and offloading device (FPSO) is widely applied to oil and gas development under various water depth conditions.
  • FPSO deepwater floating production storage and offloading device
  • the working position of an underwater floating body thereof is generally in deep water, and the exterior of the floating body bears a very large water pressure.
  • pressure equivalent to the external water pressure must exist in the floating body.
  • a traditional underwater floating body is designed based on a non-pressure resistant structure, the floating body structure is of the non-pressure resistant structure, and the pressure resistance is limited, therefore the non-pressure resistant underwater floating body can be safely and normally installed and work on the premise of bearing no larger pressure.
  • the floating body In the traditional underwater floating body, the floating body is inflated to generate a larger pressure in the floating body so as to balance the external water pressure of the floating body, namely the internal pressure of the floating body is increased by inflation when the floating body is located at any underwater position to make the internal pressure of the floating body be equivalent to the external water pressure, so as to protect the structure of the floating body form being damaged by higher water pressure, and for the above reasons, the installation process of the traditional underwater floating body is relatively complicated. In an installation process of the traditional underwater floating body, with the continuous change of water depth, the internal pressure of the floating body needs to be continuously adjusted, and meanwhile the posture of the floating body needs to be continuously adjusted.
  • the floating body needs to be continuously inflated to increase the internal pressure of the floating body to balance the external water pressure.
  • the pressure bearing capability of the floating body structure is limited, thus the inflation process of the floating body must be performed segment by segment, namely pressure and balance must be adjusted once whenever reaching a certain water level, for example, the working water depth of a certain underwater floating body is about 300 m, and if this operation is performed once every 5 m (set according to the pressure resistance of the floating body), then the operations of pressure adjustment and underwater posture adjustment of the floating body need be performed for dozens of times in the entire installation process.
  • the installation process of the traditional underwater floating body is completed underwater by a control system under the help of an underwater operating system (ROV), thus the installation process is difficult to achieve.
  • ROV underwater operating system
  • the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide an underwater floating body which can be installed underwater at one step and can save a large amount of manpower and material resources, and an installation method thereof
  • the present invention provides an underwater floating body, including sub-cabins and pressure resistant cabins.
  • the sub-cabins are arranged at the left and right sides of the floating body, and the sub-cabins at the left and right sides of the floating body provide the same buoyant force.
  • the sub-cabins are arranged at the front and back sides of the floating body, the buoyant force provided by the sub-cabins at the front side of the floating body is larger than the buoyant force provided by the sub-cabins at the back side of the floating body, or the buoyant force provided by the sub-cabins at the back side of the floating body is larger than the buoyant force provided by the sub-cabins at the front side of the floating body.
  • the pressure resistant cabins penetrate through the sub-cabins and are fixedly connected with the bulkheads of the sub-cabins.
  • the buoyant center of the floating body and the gravity center of the floating body are located on the same vertical line, and the position of the buoyant center of the floating body is higher than the position of the gravity center of the floating body.
  • An inflation valve is arranged on each pressure resistant cabin.
  • a ventilating system and a water supply system are arranged on each sub-cabin.
  • the buoyant force provided by the sub-cabins at the front side of the floating body is larger than the buoyant force provided by the sub-cabins at the back side of the floating body, or the buoyant force provided by the sub-cabins at the back side of the floating body is larger than the buoyant force provided by the sub-cabins at the front side of the floating body.
  • the number of the sub-cabins at the front side of the floating body is larger than the number of the sub-cabins at the back side of the floating body, or the number of the sub-cabins at the back side of the floating body is larger than the number of the sub-cabins at the front side of the floating body.
  • At least one pressure resistant cabin is provided.
  • the underwater floating body further includes a posture monitoring system and a controller.
  • the posture monitoring system, the ventilating system and the water supply system are respectively connected with the controller.
  • the posture monitoring system is used for monitoring the position of the floating body and monitoring that the floating body is at a balanced state or an inclined state, and when the floating body is at the inclined state, the controller controls the ventilating system to inflate the sub-cabin at the downward inclined end of the floating body until the floating body is not inclined any more.
  • the posture monitoring system is composed of four position sensors.
  • the four position sensors are respectively installed on the four corners on the surrounding of the floating body; the four position sensors are respectively connected with the controller.
  • the present invention further provides an installation method of the underwater floating body, including: respectively inflating the pressure resistant cabins and filling water into the sub-cabins; putting the underwater floating body in a working water area; inflating the sub-cabins to discharge water in the sub-cabins, so as to enable the sub-cabins to generate an upward positive buoyant force.
  • the respectively inflating the pressure resistant cabins and filling water into the sub-cabins includes: connecting a water surface inflation system with the inflation valve on each pressure resistant cabin, inflating the pressure resistant cabin via the water surface inflation system, and closing the inflation valve on the pressure resistant cabin and the water surface inflation system when the gas pressure in the pressure resistant cabin is consistent with the water pressure of the working water area; opening the ventilating system on each sub-cabin to keep the ventilating system on each sub-cabin at a normal pressure state; and filling water into each sub-cabin through the water supply system.
  • the putting the underwater floating body in a working water area includes: putting the pressure resistant cabins and the sub-cabins in water until the pressure resistant cabins and the sub-cabins are completely submerged in water; using a hauling system to haul the floating body downwards; monitoring the posture of the entire floating body via a sensor on the hauling system, and using the hauling system to straighten the floating body when the floating body is inclined; stopping the hauling action of the hauling system after the underwater floating body arrives at the working water area.
  • the inflating the sub-cabins to discharge a part of water in the sub-cabins, so as to enable the sub-cabins to generate an upward positive buoyant force includes: controlling the ventilating system to inflate each sub-cabin through the controller to discharge a part of water in each sub-cabin; closing the ventilating system on each sub-cabin after each sub-cabin is inflated, so as to enable each sub-cabin to provide the upward positive buoyant force.
  • the method further includes: monitoring the position of the floating body via the four position sensors distributed on the four corners on the surrounding of the floating body after inflating each sub-cabin, monitoring that the floating body is at the balanced state or the inclined state, and when the floating body is at the inclined state, controlling the ventilating system through the controller to inflate the sub-cabin at the downward inclined end of the floating body until the floating body is not inclined any more.
  • the maximum buoyant force capable of being provided by the sub-cabins arranged at the left side of the floating body is equal to the maximum buoyant force capable of being provided by the sub-cabins arranged at the right side of the floating body, therefore the left and right sides of the floating body can be kept at an approximately stable state.
  • the maximum buoyant force capable of being provided by the sub-cabins arranged at the front side of the floating body is different from the maximum buoyant force capable of being provided by the sub-cabins arranged at the back side of the floating body, therefore a deep sea pipeline can be loaded according to different gravities on different sides of the deep sea pipeline.
  • the position of the buoyant center and the position of the gravity center of the floating body are located on the same vertical line, and the position of the buoyant center is higher than the position of the gravity center, so that the entire floating body can be kept at a stable state when at work.
  • the pressure resistant cabins can meet the requirements of bearing larger pressure, after the pressure resistant cabins are fully inflated, in a submerging process of the floating body, the pressure resistant cabins provide an upward buoyant force so as to overcome the gravity of the floating body itself to stably submerge the floating body; since the resultant force of the upward buoyant force provided by the pressure resistant cabins and the downward gravity of the floating body is smaller, the floating body is basically at the stable state, thereby reducing the force application strength of the hauling system on the floating body and reducing the requirements on the structural strength at the connecting sites with the hauling system on the sub-cabins. After being inflated in the working water area, the sub-cabins provide the upward positive buoyant force to ensure the normal work of the underwater floating body.
  • the posture adjustment process is simple and controllable, and the underwater floating body can arrive at a preset water depth at one step without being gradually adjusted during installation, thereby improving the installation efficiency and saving a large amount of manpower and material resources.
  • the entire submerging process of the floating body no inflation or deflation operation is carried out, and the pressure in the pressure resistant cabins is always at a self-balancing state. Meanwhile, the fine tuning of the posture of the floating body in the entire submerging process is completely achieved by the hauling system, so that the adjustment is convenient.
  • the operations in the entire installation process are completed by a water surface control system, and no underwater operation is carried out.
  • the underwater floating body provided by the present invention can be installed without the help of the underwater operating system (ROV), so that the installation cost is greatly reduced and the installation controllability is stronger.
  • ROV underwater operating system
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an underwater floating body provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides an underwater floating body.
  • the underwater floating body is mainly composed of sub-cabins 1 , pressure resistant cabins 2 , a posture monitoring system and control equipment.
  • the sub-cabins 1 are formed by welding plates with different specifications, specifically: plates with the same material and thickness are adopted, different plates are welded together to form a plurality of cabins, and the plates are high-strength and corrosion-resistant steel plates.
  • All the cabins can be rectangles or squares in shape, and all shapes conforming to the design idea of the present invention are encompassed within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • Each cabin is a relatively independent closed space, and in an actual manufacturing process, a plate with a larger area is used as the bottom plate of all the cabins.
  • One cabin is called a sub-cabin 1 .
  • all the sub-cabins 1 are arranged closely, two adjacent sub-cabins 1 share a bulkhead, all the sub-cabins 1 are distributed to form a square integral structure, the square integral structure formed by all the sub-cabins 1 is eudipleural, and the symmetrical arrangement of the sub-cabins 1 is an important means for keeping the balance of the entire floating body.
  • two rows of sub-cabins 1 are distributed on the front side (namely the A side in FIG.
  • the maximum buoyant force capable of being provided by the sub-cabins 1 on the front side of the square entirety is larger than the maximum buoyant force capable of being provided by the sub-cabins 1 on the back side of the square entirety (namely the back side of the floating body), or the maximum buoyant force capable of being provided by the sub-cabins 1 on the back side of the square entirety (namely the back side of the floating body) is larger than the maximum buoyant force capable of being provided by the sub-cabins 1 on the front side of the square entirety (namely the front side of the floating body).
  • the maximum buoyant force capable of being provided on the front side and the back side of the floating body can be determined according to the number of the sub-cabins on the front side and the back side of the floating body, and for the sub-cabins with the same specification, the larger the number is, the larger the maximum buoyant force capable of being provided is.
  • the eudipleural but fore-and-aft asymmetrical structures of the sub-cabins 1 are designed according to the application of the floating body, the floating body is mainly used for supporting a subsea oil pipeline, the oil pipeline extends all the way from the seabed to the sea surface, the oil pipeline extending from the seabed is fixed on the front end of the square entirety (namely the front end of the floating body) and extends to the sea surface through the back end of the square entirety (namely the back end of the floating body); since the length of the end of the oil pipeline extending from the seabed is larger than the length of the end extending to the sea surface, the weight of the end of the oil pipeline extending from the seabed is larger than the weight of the end extending to the sea surface; more sub-cabins 1 need to be designed on the front end of the square entirety to provide a larger buoyant force to bear the end with larger weight on the oil pipeline.
  • the internal spaces of the sub-cabins 1 and the internal spaces of the pressure resistant cabins 2 are not communicated, namely, gas or liquid (e.g., water) cannot circulate in the pressure resistant cabins 2 and the sub-cabins 1 .
  • a ventilating system and a water supply system are respectively installed on each sub-cabin 1 , the ventilating system is mainly composed of inflation equipment for industrial use and is used for inflating the sub-cabin 1 to discharge water; the water supply system is mainly composed of a water supply pipeline and is used for filling water into and discharging water from the sub-cabin 1 .
  • each pressure resistant cabin 2 is of an elliptic cylindrical structure (namely, the middle of the pressure resistant cabin 2 is cylindrical and the two ends are respectively hemispherical), and in the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure resistant cabin 2 is made of high-strength pressure resistant steel.
  • An inflation valve is arranged on each pressure resistant cabin 2 , the inflation valve is an inflation inlet of the pressure resistant cabin, the pressure resistant cabin is inflated by common industrial high pressure inflation equipment through the inflation valve, and the inflation valve is closed after inflation to prevent gas leak in the inflation valve.
  • 5 pressure resistant cabins 2 are installed on the underwater floating body provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure resistant cabins 2 penetrate through one or more sub-cabins 1 , and the pressure resistant cabins 2 are fixedly connected with the bulkheads of the sub-cabins by welding. Since all the sub-cabins 1 are divided into 5 rows to form the square integral structure, in the embodiment of the present invention, one pressure resistant cabin 2 penetrates through each row of sub-cabins 1 , namely the distribution direction of the 5 pressure resistant cabins 2 is consistent with the distribution direction of the 5 rows of sub-cabins 1 , then the distributed 5 pressure resistant cabins 2 are eudipleural, and the symmetrical distribution of the pressure resistant cabins is an important design for keeping the balance of the entire floating body structure as well.
  • the sub-cabins 1 are not communicated with the pressure resistant cabins 2 , the floating body structure will be illustrated below through a group of more specific data, for example, according to engineering demands, the total weight of the floating body is about 7 tons, and the positive buoyant force required to be provided by the floating body is about 3 tons. See FIG. 1 , in the embodiment, 5 pressure resistant cabins 2 are designed, which are respectively marked as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; the parameter settings of the pressure resistant cabins 2 are as shown in table 1:
  • the total buoyant force capable of being provided by the 5 pressure resistant cabins 2 is 8.289011 tons. Since the weight of the entire floating body is about 7 tons, the total weight of the 5 pressure resistant cabins 2 is 2.070516 tons, the difference between the weight of the entire floating body and the weight of the 5 pressure resistant cabins 2 is about 5 tons, then in a design process, the total mass of all structures (for example, the sub-cabins 1 , other facilities on the floating body, etc.) excluding the 5 pressure resistant cabins 2 on the floating body needs to be controlled at about 5 tons.
  • the submerging stability of the floating body can be guaranteed under the hauling effect of the hauling system.
  • the buoyant center of the floating body and the gravity center of the floating body are located on the same vertical line, and the buoyant center of the floating body is slightly higher than the gravity center of the floating body.
  • the position of the buoyant center is calculated at first, then the structures and sizes of the sub-cabins 1 and other facilities on the floating body are adjusted according to the position of the buoyant center to adjust the position of the gravity center, so as to locate the gravity center of the floating body and the buoyant center of the floating body on the same vertical line and make the buoyant center of the floating body be slightly higher than the gravity center of the floating body.
  • the weights of the 5 pressure resistant cabins 2 and the floating body structure need to be considered at the same time, namely the gravity center of the floating body is the gravity center of the entirety formed by the 5 pressure resistant cabins 2 and the floating body structure (for example, the sub-cabins 1 , other facilities on the floating body, etc.).
  • the posture monitoring system is composed of four position sensors, the four position sensors are respectively distributed on the four corners of the floating body, the controller calculates according to position signals fed back by the four position sensors to obtain the posture angle of the floating body and judges whether the floating body is at a balanced state or a certain inclined state, the posture monitoring system is connected with control equipment, and the control equipment is connected with the ventilating system and the water supply system of each sub-cabin 1 .
  • the posture monitoring system monitors the position of the floating body and monitors that the floating body is at the balanced state or the inclined state, when the floating body is at the inclined state, the controller judges which end of the floating body is inclined downwards according to the position information of the floating body obtained by the posture monitoring system and controls the ventilating system to inflate the sub-cabins 1 at the downward inclined end until the floating body is not inclined any more.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an installation method of the underwater floating body as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , including the following steps:
  • step 10 respectively inflating the pressure resistant cabins 2 and filling water into the sub-cabins 1 , specifically: connecting a water surface inflation system with the inflation valves on the pressure resistant cabins 2 ; opening the inflation valves on the pressure resistant cabins 2 , inflating the pressure resistant cabins 2 via the water surface inflation system, and closing the water surface inflation system and the inflation valves on the pressure resistant cabins when the gas pressure in each pressure resistant cabin 2 is consistent with the water pressure of a working water area; opening the ventilating system on each sub-cabin 1 to keep the ventilating system at a normal pressure state; opening the water supply system on the sub-cabin 1 to fill each sub-cabin 1 with water;
  • step 20 putting the underwater floating body in the working water area, specifically: putting the underwater floating body in water until the pressure resistant cabins 2 and the sub-cabins 1 are completely submerged in water; opening the water supply systems on all the sub-cabins 1 to communicate water at the outside of the sub-cabins 1 with the internal spaces of the sub-cabins 1 , and using a hauling system to haul the floating body downwards; stopping the hauling action of the hauling system after the underwater floating body arrives at the working water area;
  • step 30 inflating the sub-cabins 1 to discharge a part of water in the sub-cabins 1 , so as to enable the sub-cabins 1 to generate an upward positive buoyant force, specifically: determining the total buoyant force needing to be provided by the sub-cabins 1 , calculating the total displacement of all the sub-cabins 1 according to the total buoyant force needing to be provided by the sub-cabins 1 , and determining the total inflation amount of all the sub-cabins 1 according to the total displacement of all the sub-cabins 1 ; after determining the total inflation amount of all the sub-cabins 1 , averagely distributing the total inflation amount to all the sub-cabins 1 , determining the inflation amount of each sub-cabin 1 , opening the ventilating systems of the sub-cabins 1 through a water surface controller to start inflating to discharge a part of water in the sub-cabins 1 , so as to enable the sub-cabins 1 to provide the upward buoyant force; monitoring
  • the water surface inflation system includes a gas source and a controller for controlling inflation of the gas source, which belong to the prior art.
  • the calculation method of the inflation amounts of all the sub-cabins 1 will be illustrated below through a group of more specific data: illustration for calculation is given by taking it as an example that nitrogen needs to be filled in the sub-cabins 1 to provide a buoyant force of 3 t.
  • N2 mole number
  • the pressure resistant cabins are completely submerged in water is verified after the nitrogen is filled to discharge water.
  • the unit of displacement is ton
  • the unit of the inflation amount is cubic meter.
  • the working principle of the floating body is analyzed and illustrated below: before the floating body is submerged in water, the pressure resistant cabins 2 are inflated to make the gas pressure in the pressure resistant cabins 2 be equivalent to the water pressure of the working water area, since the pressure resistant cabins 2 themselves have equivalent pressure bearing capability, the pressure resistant cabins can bear the internal gas pressure.
  • the external water pressure increases to gradually balance the gas pressure in the pressure resistant cabins 2 until arriving at the working water area, and the external water pressure is basically equivalent to the gas pressure in the pressure resistant cabins 2 , thus it can be approximately considered that the pressure resistant cabins 2 nearly bear no pressure at a preset water depth.
  • the pressure in the sub-cabins 1 is always equal to the external water pressure, namely the bulkheads of the sub-cabins 1 nearly bear no pressure.
  • the structures of the floating body can satisfy the pressure requirements.
  • the floating body is applied with the buoyant force and the gravity, and the posture balance of the floating body can be guaranteed as long as the gravity center and the buoyant center of the floating body are guaranteed to be located on the same vertical line.
  • the buoyant force of the floating body in the submerging process is only provided by the pressure resistant cabins 2 , and during design, the sizes and the installation positions of the pressure resistant cabins 2 can be controlled to control the position of the buoyant center of the entire floating body.
  • the gravity center and the buoyant center of the entire floating body system are located on the same vertical line when the sub-cabins 1 are filled with water, and the position of the buoyant center is higher than the position of the gravity center, the posture of the floating body is kept balanced all the way in the entire submerging process.
  • step 110 The specific method of controlling the displacement of each sub-cabin 1 is as follows: step 110 .
  • the necessary total displacement is calculated according to requirements of the floating body on the positive buoyant force, the total inflation amount of all the sub-cabins 1 is calculated according to the total displacement, the total inflation amount is averagely distributed to all the sub-cabins 1 , and the displacement of each sub-cabin 1 is determined. According to the requirements of posture balance of the floating body, the sum of the displacements of the sub-cabins is slightly smaller than the necessary total displacement. Step 220 .
  • Step 110 can be preset before the floating body is submerged to ensure the submerging safety of the floating body.
  • the operation principle of water discharge by inflation of the sub-cabins 1 is as follows: the gas pressure in the sub-cabins 1 is increased by inflation to be larger than the external water pressure, and water in the sub-cabins 1 can be automatically discharged through the water supply systems under the effect of pressure difference. After a part of water is discharged, the gas spaces in the sub-cabins 1 become larger, the gas pressure is reduced, when the gas pressure in sub-cabins 1 is reduced to be smaller than the external water pressure, water will enter the sub-cabins 1 through the water supply systems to reduce the gas spaces in the sub-cabins 1 so as to increase the gas pressure. The above process is repeated to eventually reach a dynamic balance.
  • the displacements in the sub-cabins 1 can be converted into inflation amounts, after the inflation amount of each sub-cabin 1 is calculated, the posture balance of the floating body can be completely controlled through the inflation amount, so as to keep the floating body at a stable working state.
  • the maximum buoyant force capable of being provided by the sub-cabins arranged at the left side of the floating body is equal to the maximum buoyant force capable of being provided by the sub-cabins arranged at the right side of the floating body, therefore the left and right sides of the floating body can be kept at an approximately stable state.
  • the maximum buoyant force capable of being provided by the sub-cabins arranged at the front side of the floating body is different from the maximum buoyant force capable of being provided by the sub-cabins arranged at the back side of the floating body, therefore a deep sea pipeline can be loaded according to different gravities on different sides of the deep sea pipeline.
  • the position of the buoyant center and the position of the gravity center of the floating body are located on the same vertical line, and the position of the buoyant center is higher than the position of the gravity center, so that the entire floating body can be kept at a stable state when at work.
  • the pressure resistant cabins can meet the requirements of bearing larger pressure, in a submerging process of the floating body, the fully inflated pressure resistant cabins provide an upward buoyant force so as to overcome the gravity of the floating body itself to stably submerge the floating body.
  • the floating body Since the resultant force of the upward buoyant force provided by the pressure resistant cabins and the downward gravity of the floating body is smaller, the floating body is basically at the stable state, thereby reducing the force application strength of the hauling system on the floating body and reducing the requirements on the structural strength at the connecting sites with the hauling system on the sub-cabins.
  • the pressure resistant cabins are designed to the elliptic cylindrical structures, thereby having higher pressure resistance.
  • the operations in the entire installation process are completed by the water surface control system, and no underwater operation is carried out. Therefore, the underwater floating body provided by the present invention can be installed without the help of the underwater operating system (ROV), so that the installation cost is greatly reduced and the installation controllability is stronger.
  • ROV underwater operating system

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US14/771,298 2013-03-28 2013-03-28 Underwater floating body and installation method thereof Abandoned US20160068238A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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