US20150167234A1 - Method for extracting biomass - Google Patents

Method for extracting biomass Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150167234A1
US20150167234A1 US14/413,409 US201314413409A US2015167234A1 US 20150167234 A1 US20150167234 A1 US 20150167234A1 US 201314413409 A US201314413409 A US 201314413409A US 2015167234 A1 US2015167234 A1 US 2015167234A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
biomass
extract
extraction
fraction
fibrous
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Abandoned
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US14/413,409
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English (en)
Inventor
Sebastian Von Schoultz
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Ch-Bioforce Oy
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BLN-WOODS Ltd AB
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Assigned to AB BLN-WOODS LTD reassignment AB BLN-WOODS LTD ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: VON SCHOULTZ, Sebastian
Publication of US20150167234A1 publication Critical patent/US20150167234A1/en
Assigned to CH-BIOFORCE OY reassignment CH-BIOFORCE OY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: AB BLN-WOODS LTD
Assigned to CH-BIOFORCE OY reassignment CH-BIOFORCE OY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: AB BLN-WOODS LTD
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/14—Hemicellulose; Derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C3/00—Pulping cellulose-containing materials
    • D21C3/006—Pulping cellulose-containing materials with compounds not otherwise provided for
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07G—COMPOUNDS OF UNKNOWN CONSTITUTION
    • C07G1/00—Lignin; Lignin derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/0003—General processes for their isolation or fractionation, e.g. purification or extraction from biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08H6/00—Macromolecular compounds derived from lignin, e.g. tannins, humic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08H8/00—Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C10L5/442—Wood or forestry waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
    • C13K—SACCHARIDES OBTAINED FROM NATURAL SOURCES OR BY HYDROLYSIS OF NATURALLY OCCURRING DISACCHARIDES, OLIGOSACCHARIDES OR POLYSACCHARIDES
    • C13K13/00—Sugars not otherwise provided for in this class
    • C13K13/002—Xylose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
    • D21C1/02—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting with water or steam
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
    • D21C1/10—Physical methods for facilitating impregnation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
    • C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
    • C10L2200/0461—Fractions defined by their origin
    • C10L2200/0469—Renewables or materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for extracting sugars and derivates thereof and the corresponding polysaccharides especially hemicelluloses from lignocellulosic biomass with hot water.
  • the present innovation concerns a method to produce high concentration of high purity hemicellulose extract with minimal use of water.
  • the extract is circulated through the biomass several times and as a result the concentration of the hemicelluloses in the water phase is increased.
  • the circulating loop is vital in order for the non-hemicellulose material, such as lignin, to be adsorbed back to the biomass.
  • the circulation also enables gentle extraction conditions regarding temperature, pressure and pH as the method does not require maximum extraction during the first extraction loop.
  • Minimal oxidation and degradation of the hemicelluloses is achieved by removing virtually all of the air and especially oxygen gas from inside of the pores of the biomass during a impregnation step assisted by reduced pressure.
  • the concentration of the extract is increased by using the same extract in several extractions of new and previously un-extracted biomass.
  • Wood based biomass contains about 25% of hemicelluloses. Extraction of biomass is a very well known process and has traditionally been extracted with alkali. During this kind of treatment hemicelluloses are degraded and the fibrous material is decomposed.
  • a resent method for extracting hemicelluloses from biomass involves continuous flow of hot water extraction.
  • the problem with this method is, that it produces a very diluted extract containing up to 30% lignin impurities (WO 2009/122018 and Leppanen et al.: Pressurized hot water extraction of Norway spruce hemicelluloses using a flow-through system, Wood Sci Technol (2011) 45:223-236)
  • a recent patent publication WO2007090926 describes a method for recovering hemicelluloses with higher concentration through steam hydrolysis.
  • the drawback with this approach is that hydrolysis always involves deacetylation of the hemicelluloses which effectively lowers their water solubility and also degrades the polymers by lowering the molar mass.
  • Chemical and food industry are interested in polysaccharides with high molar mass which the aforementioned method is unable to provide.
  • Publication WO0061276 discloses a method for hydrolysis of hemicelluloses primarily into monomeric sugars which is a drawback especially if polymers are desired.
  • the present invention is based on the finding that air and more specifically oxygen gas causes severe oxidation and degradation of sugars and polysaccharides at high temperatures. Reducing the air pressure inside of a reactor containing biomass, following the filling of the reactor with water effectively fills the capillaries of the biomass resulting in an almost completely oxygen free environment inside of the biomass.
  • the present invention is further based on the finding that recirculation of the extract through the biomass purifies the extract from unwanted compounds such as lignin and other polyphenols.
  • the presence of phenolic substances such as lignin in the extract lowers the capacity of microbes to digest polysaccharides and therefore the production of biofules becomes less economical.
  • the method according to the invention allows a long time for the extract to be kept at high temperatures without significant oxidation and degradation of the molecules and polymers in the extract. This further allows the extract to be reused for extraction of un-extracted biomass which enables the consistency of the extract to be increased significantly without evaporation of the solvent.
  • the energy value and the lignin content of the biomass increases.
  • the fiber fraction properties become more suitable for the making of pellets and chipboards.
  • the effect of extract circulation and impregnation under reduced pressure was investigated.
  • the biomass was 200 grams (O.D.) of Scott spine chips ( Pinus Sylvestris ).
  • the water to wood ration was 5:1.
  • the extraction water was kept at 150° C. for two hours.
  • the extract had circulated 10 times through the biomass.
  • the pH of the extract was measured every half hour.
  • a significant pH drop typically over one pH unit was recorded. This indicated that the formation of acids, especially through deacetylation of the biomass did not occur in the experiments with impregnation.
  • the yield of the extractions is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography for carbohydrates (Sundberg A, Sundberg K, Lillandt C, Holmbom B (1996) Determination of hemicelluloses and pectins in wood and pulp fibers by acid methanolysis and gas chromatography. Nord Pulp Pap Res JII(4):216-219) and lipophilic extractives (F. ⁇ rsa, B. Holmbom and J. Thornton, Wood Sci. Technol. 31 (1997) 279). Lignin was determined according to the method by Iiyama et al. (Iiyam, K.; Wallis, A. F A.
  • FIG. 1 shows the extraction yield of six different extractions:
  • Oxidation of the extracted components was prevented by keeping the extract in oxygen gas reduced environment. Extracting under minimized presence of oxygen gas produces a clear yellow and transparent extract. However, if the extract comes in contact with oxygen gas, it turns dark brown within minutes and the oxidization will continue even at room temperature. Extracts which were removed from the reactor into nitrogen saturated environment did not show signs of oxidization nor did the color of the extract change.
  • FIG. 3 shows the consistency increase of the extract by reusing the extract.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
US14/413,409 2012-07-11 2013-07-01 Method for extracting biomass Abandoned US20150167234A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20120229 2012-07-11
FI20120229A FI124553B (fi) 2012-07-11 2012-07-11 Menetelmä biomassan uuttamiseksi
PCT/FI2013/050723 WO2014009604A1 (en) 2012-07-11 2013-07-01 Method for extracting biomass

Related Parent Applications (1)

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PCT/FI2013/050723 A-371-Of-International WO2014009604A1 (en) 2012-07-11 2013-07-01 Method for extracting biomass

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US16/796,898 Continuation US11377790B2 (en) 2012-07-11 2020-02-20 Method for extracting biomass

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US (2) US20150167234A1 (pt)
EP (1) EP2872536B1 (pt)
CN (1) CN104470952B (pt)
BR (1) BR112015000463B1 (pt)
CA (1) CA2878519C (pt)
DK (1) DK2872536T3 (pt)
ES (1) ES2757853T3 (pt)
FI (1) FI124553B (pt)
HU (1) HUE046547T2 (pt)
LT (1) LT2872536T (pt)
PL (1) PL2872536T3 (pt)
PT (1) PT2872536T (pt)
SI (1) SI2872536T1 (pt)
WO (1) WO2014009604A1 (pt)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180265938A1 (en) * 2015-02-06 2018-09-20 Upm-Kymmene Corporation A method and an apparatus for increasing concentration of soluble carbohydrate containing fraction, a soluble carbohydrate containing fraction, a solid fraction and their use
US11781097B2 (en) 2019-07-18 2023-10-10 Liquid Wood, Llc Preparations including extracts of natural products such as wood and use thereof as flavorings for food and alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages

Families Citing this family (5)

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GB2528832A (en) * 2014-06-06 2016-02-10 Glommen Skog Sa Method
FI128466B (en) 2016-03-29 2020-05-29 Ch Bioforce Oy Process for the preparation of hemicellulose extracts
WO2017173008A1 (en) * 2016-03-31 2017-10-05 Oyj, Kemira Methods of preparing hemicellulose compositions
FI128486B (en) 2016-07-01 2020-06-15 Ch Bioforce Oy Procedure for conversion of fresh biomass
FI129258B (en) 2020-03-31 2021-10-15 Ab Bln Woods Ltd Process for the production of xylan

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180265938A1 (en) * 2015-02-06 2018-09-20 Upm-Kymmene Corporation A method and an apparatus for increasing concentration of soluble carbohydrate containing fraction, a soluble carbohydrate containing fraction, a solid fraction and their use
US11591624B2 (en) * 2015-02-06 2023-02-28 Upm-Kymmene Corporation Method and an apparatus for increasing concentration of soluble carbohydrate containing fraction, a soluble carbohydrate containing fraction, a solid fraction and their use
US11781097B2 (en) 2019-07-18 2023-10-10 Liquid Wood, Llc Preparations including extracts of natural products such as wood and use thereof as flavorings for food and alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages

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SI2872536T1 (sl) 2020-01-31
US20200256013A1 (en) 2020-08-13
BR112015000463A2 (pt) 2017-06-27
FI20120229A (fi) 2014-01-12
DK2872536T3 (da) 2019-11-25
ES2757853T3 (es) 2020-04-30
CN104470952A (zh) 2015-03-25
EP2872536B1 (en) 2019-08-28
US11377790B2 (en) 2022-07-05
EP2872536A1 (en) 2015-05-20
CA2878519C (en) 2020-04-28
PL2872536T3 (pl) 2020-03-31
CA2878519A1 (en) 2014-01-16
WO2014009604A1 (en) 2014-01-16
FI124553B (fi) 2014-10-15
PT2872536T (pt) 2019-12-03
HUE046547T2 (hu) 2021-03-01
CN104470952B (zh) 2018-01-26
EP2872536A4 (en) 2016-03-16
LT2872536T (lt) 2019-12-10
BR112015000463B1 (pt) 2021-07-20

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