US20150078836A1 - Method of and system for installing foundation elements in an underwater ground formation - Google Patents

Method of and system for installing foundation elements in an underwater ground formation Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150078836A1
US20150078836A1 US14/391,357 US201314391357A US2015078836A1 US 20150078836 A1 US20150078836 A1 US 20150078836A1 US 201314391357 A US201314391357 A US 201314391357A US 2015078836 A1 US2015078836 A1 US 2015078836A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
screen
ground formation
wall
driver
modulus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/391,357
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English (en)
Inventor
Justin Edward Stam
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IHC Holland lE BV
Original Assignee
IHC Holland lE BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IHC Holland lE BV filed Critical IHC Holland lE BV
Assigned to IHC HOLLAND IE B.V. reassignment IHC HOLLAND IE B.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: STAM, Justin Edward
Publication of US20150078836A1 publication Critical patent/US20150078836A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/02—Placing by driving
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/02—Placing by driving
    • E02D7/06—Power-driven drivers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/02—Placing by driving
    • E02D7/06—Power-driven drivers
    • E02D7/14—Components for drivers inasmuch as not specially for a specific driver construction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/0065—Monopile structures

Definitions

  • aspects of the invention relate to a method of installing a foundation element, in particular a (mono)pile, in a hard underwater ground formation by means of a driver, such as an hydraulic driver.
  • the method comprises the steps of placing a foundation element on the underwater ground formation, placing a screen for reducing noise input from the driver into the surrounding water, and driving the foundation element into the ground formation by means of the driver while the screen is positioned about the foundation element.
  • aspects of the invention further relates to a system for installing foundation elements.
  • An aspect of the invention to further improve noise mitigation, in particular when driving foundations elements in hard subsea ground formations andor when the noise mitigation screen is made of a material having a high modulus of elasticity, e.g. in excess of 100 GPa.
  • the method comprises attenuating noise transfer from the (underwater) ground formation to the outer wall of the screen during at least part of the driving, preferably by at least substantially dynamically uncoupling at least the outer wall of the screen from the ground formation.
  • the medium typically (sea)water
  • the foundation element e.g. a monopile
  • the screen is not the only acoustic transfer path and that noise generated by the pile driver is transmitted from the pile to the outer wall of the screen also via the ground formation the screen is resting on or in.
  • the ground formation comprises hard materials, such as rock, concrete blocks (scour protection) or compacted sand, andor when the screen is made of a material having a high modulus of elasticity.
  • the outer wall of the screen is typically excited at one or more eigenfrequencies, which dampen out relatively slowly. By attenuating noise transfer via the ground formation, such excitation is avoided or at least reduced and overall acoustic radiation is further mitigated.
  • Attenuation is achieved passively e.g. by reducing, relative to prior art methods and systems, the stiffness (modulus) of the interface between the ground formation and the lower end of at least the outer wall of the screen, or actively e.g. by establishing the main eigenfrequencies of the screen and providing means for extinguishing these frequencies in the noise generated by the pile driver.
  • the lower end of the outer wall of the screen is maintained at a distance from, typically above, the ground formation, e.g. by suspending the outer wall from an inner wall of the screen (if the screen is double walled), from the pile (if the screen is single walled) or from a surface vessel.
  • the distance is preferably in a range from 5 to 200 centimeters, preferably 10 to 100 centimeters, preferably 15 to 70 centimeters.
  • the screen is at least 50%, preferably at least 70% buoyant, or even has a buoyancy of 100% or more (at 100%, the density of screen equals the density of the (sea)water), in which case the screen floats.
  • the screen is held in position by one or more weights on the ground formation, such as concrete blocks or a bubble ring resting on the ground formation, and connectors, such as straps or chains, connecting the screen to the blocks or ring.
  • a noise attenuating material typically in the shape of a ring having a circumference that corresponds to that of the screen, is being positioned between the lower end of the outer wall of the screen and the ground formation.
  • An aspect of the invention further relates to a system for installing foundation elements, in particular (mono)piles, in a hard underwater ground formation, comprising a driver, a surface vessel, and a screen to be placed about the foundation element to reduce noise input from the driver.
  • the system further comprises means for attenuating noise transfer from the ground formation to the outer wall of the screen during at least part of the driving.
  • the surface vessel comprises, in addition to a crane for securing the driver, a crane for suspending the screen and maintaining the screen at a distance from the ground formation during at least part of the driving.
  • known vessels comprise a single crane for handling the pile and screen and for securing the pile driver during operation.
  • the screen is at least 50%, preferably at least 70% buoyant or even has a buoyancy of 100% or more and to that end e.g. comprises one or more chambers andor is made from a material having a density lower than that of water.
  • the screen is provided with a support, attached to or separate from the screen, of a noise attenuating material, preferably of a material having a modulus that is lower than the modulus of the material of the outer wall of the screen and lower than the modulus of the underwater ground formation.
  • the support is positioned between the lower rim of the screen and the ground formation.
  • hard ground formation refers to formations, natural or artificial, which, at least at the interface with the screen comprise material having a modulus of elasticity in excess of 10 MPa.
  • Typical examples include, but are not limited to, rock (modulus usually in a range from 10 to 90 GPa), densely packed sand (modulus usually 20 to 150 MPa), and so-called scour protection (modulus usually 10 to 90 GPa), i.e. rocks, concrete blocks or the like dumped at the driving site prior to driving and intended to protect installed foundations element from erosion e.g. by strong currents.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-section of a first embodiment, wherein the noise mitigation screen is suspended from a surface vessel.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are a perspective view and a cross-section of a second embodiment comprising an inflatable cushion.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a third embodiment comprising a floating screen.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a system 1 for installing a monopile 2 in an underwater ground formation 3 , e.g. a seabed.
  • the monopile 2 has a circular cross-section and a diameter of five meters and is intended to serve, after installation, as the foundation of a wind turbine.
  • the system 1 comprises an hydraulic driver 4 (depicted in FIG. 2 ), e.g. an IHC Hydrohammer S-1800, connected to a power pack on board of a surface vessel, such as a ship 5 or jack-up barge, a driver screen 6 for securely mounting the driver on the monopile and an anvil (hidden from view by the driver screen) for transmitting impact energy from the driver 4 to the monopole 2 .
  • a hydraulic driver 4 e.g. an IHC Hydrohammer S-1800
  • a driver screen 6 for securely mounting the driver on the monopile
  • an anvil hidden from view by the driver screen
  • the system further comprises a noise mitigation screen 7 , made of e.g. steel, to be placed about the foundation element to reduce noise input from the driver 4 into the surrounding water.
  • the screen 7 comprises an inner wall 8 and an outer wall 9 , i.e. is double walled, has a circular cross-section and an inner diameter of six meters.
  • the double wall provides one or more chambers 10 for air or a porous material and renders the screen 7 50% buoyant.
  • the upper rim of the screen 7 is provided with a detachable extender, which is used to adjust the effective length of screen 7 to the depth of the water at the location where the foundation element is to be installed. In general, it is preferred that, once in place, the sound-insulating screen 7 extends to above the water level.
  • the ship 5 comprises a first crane 11 to lift and manipulate the monopile 2 and the screen 7 and a second crane (not shown) to secure the hydraulic driver 4 during driving.
  • a monopile Installation of a monopile is carried out for instance as follows.
  • the cables of the crane are attached to the upper end of a monopile stored on the deck of the ship and the monopile is lifted overboard, manipulated to an upright position, lowered onto the seabed and, if required by the circumstances, allowed to penetrate the scour protection and possibly the seabed under its own weight.
  • the monopile 2 is driven, e.g. by means of a vibratory device, into the seabed to a depth of some meters to further stabilize the monopole 2 .
  • the driver 4 is positioned on top of the monopile 2 and the screen 7 is lifted over the monopile 2 and the driver 4 .
  • the screen 7 is placed and the driver 4 is subsequently placed inside the screen 7 and on top of the pile 2 . In this position, the pile 2 is driven to the required depth.
  • the driver 4 is removed, the screen 7 lifted over the pile 2 and placed back on deck or into the sea, and installation is completed.
  • a distance in a range from 20 to 100 centimeters is maintained between the lower rim of the screen 7 and the seabed, thus dynamically uncoupling the two.
  • substantially no noise or vibrations are transmitted to the screen 7 via the seabed.
  • the energy of this noise is significantly less that that of the noise generated by excitation of the outer wall of the screen 7 by the seabed, i.e. overall acoustic radiation is further mitigated.
  • the screen 7 rests on an annular inflated cushion 12 , which has a modulus of elasticity that is at least one order of magnitude smaller than the modulus of the seabed and the modulus of the screen 7 .
  • the cushion effectively attenuates at least the higher frequencies, i.e. serves as a low pass filter.
  • FIG. 4 shows a system comprising a screen 7 having a buoyancy in excess of 100%, e.g. achieved by spacing the inner and outer walls of screen 7 farther apart, and a weight 13 for holding the floating screen 7 upright and spaced from the seabed over a distance in a range from 20 to 100 centimeters.
  • the weight 13 is provided by a ring for generating a bubble screen inside the double walled screen 7 , i.e. the outer diameter of the ring 13 is smaller than the inner diameter of the buoyant screen 7 .
  • the screen 7 is attached to the ring 13 by means of straps 14 .
  • the outer wall of the screen can be suspended from the inner wall of the screen (resting on the ground formation), e.g. by interconnections between the inner and outer walls. It is preferred that such interconnections are made of or provided with a dampening material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
US14/391,357 2012-04-11 2013-04-10 Method of and system for installing foundation elements in an underwater ground formation Abandoned US20150078836A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2008625 2012-04-11
NL2008625A NL2008625C2 (en) 2012-04-11 2012-04-11 Method of and system for installing foundation elements in an underwater ground formation.
PCT/NL2013/050263 WO2013154428A2 (en) 2012-04-11 2013-04-10 Method of and system for installing foundation elements in an underwater ground formation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20150078836A1 true US20150078836A1 (en) 2015-03-19

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US14/391,357 Abandoned US20150078836A1 (en) 2012-04-11 2013-04-10 Method of and system for installing foundation elements in an underwater ground formation

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20150078836A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP2847389A2 (ja)
JP (1) JP2015513022A (ja)
CN (1) CN104271843A (ja)
AU (1) AU2013247474A1 (ja)
NL (1) NL2008625C2 (ja)
WO (1) WO2013154428A2 (ja)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10794032B2 (en) * 2014-12-29 2020-10-06 Ihc Holland Ie B.V. Noise mitigation system

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL2013349B1 (en) * 2014-08-21 2016-09-23 Ihc Holland Ie Bv Method of and system for installing foundation elements in an underwater ground formation.
WO2016049749A1 (en) * 2014-10-01 2016-04-07 Apotex Inc. Solid forms of mirabegron
JP6863757B2 (ja) * 2017-01-31 2021-04-21 旭化成建材株式会社 騒音低減装置
CN108571019B (zh) * 2017-12-06 2023-11-24 湖南工程学院 一种海上风电桩用防冲刷装置
ES2926831T3 (es) * 2018-01-30 2022-10-28 Deme Offshore Be Nv Dispositivo y método para proporcionar un objeto delgado y de tamaño considerable con una dirección longitudinal hacia el fondo submarino
JP6826266B2 (ja) * 2019-05-23 2021-02-03 中村物産有限会社 洋上風車用モノパイル基礎補助構造物および洋上風車用モノパイル基礎補助構造
JP7284723B2 (ja) * 2020-01-31 2023-05-31 五洋建設株式会社 水中騒音の抑制構造および抑制方法
JP7245196B2 (ja) * 2020-05-29 2023-03-23 五洋建設株式会社 水中騒音抑制構成物、その製造方法、それを用いた水中騒音抑制構造体および水中騒音抑制方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140119837A1 (en) * 2010-01-19 2014-05-01 University Of Washington Through Its Center For Commercialization Pile with sound abatement
US20140169888A1 (en) * 2011-08-19 2014-06-19 Claes-Goran Johansson Method And An Apparatus For Attenuating Pressure Pulses

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1784396B1 (de) 1968-08-03 1971-07-01 Cordes Hugo Dipl Ing Rammhammer mit Schallschluckmantel
FR2184147A5 (ja) * 1972-05-08 1973-12-21 Gem
DE2237133C3 (de) * 1972-07-28 1975-04-30 Cordes, Hugo, Dipl.-Ing., 2000 Hamburg Rammhammer mit Schallschluckmantel
JPS60159218A (ja) 1984-01-28 1985-08-20 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd パイルハンマ−用遮音装置
DE102004043128A1 (de) 2004-09-03 2006-03-09 Menck Gmbh Pfahlführungsvorrichtung
DE102006008095A1 (de) * 2006-02-20 2007-08-23 Menck Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum umweltschonenden Rammen unter Wasser
NL2003073C2 (nl) * 2009-06-23 2010-12-27 Ihc Holland Ie Bv Inrichting en werkwijze voor het reduceren van geluid.
EP2395156A1 (en) 2010-06-08 2011-12-14 IHC Holland IE B.V. Method of and system for installing foundation elements in an underwater ground formation

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140119837A1 (en) * 2010-01-19 2014-05-01 University Of Washington Through Its Center For Commercialization Pile with sound abatement
US20140169888A1 (en) * 2011-08-19 2014-06-19 Claes-Goran Johansson Method And An Apparatus For Attenuating Pressure Pulses

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10794032B2 (en) * 2014-12-29 2020-10-06 Ihc Holland Ie B.V. Noise mitigation system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013154428A3 (en) 2014-05-08
EP2847389A2 (en) 2015-03-18
AU2013247474A1 (en) 2014-10-16
JP2015513022A (ja) 2015-04-30
NL2008625C2 (en) 2013-10-15
WO2013154428A2 (en) 2013-10-17
CN104271843A (zh) 2015-01-07

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AS Assignment

Owner name: IHC HOLLAND IE B.V., NETHERLANDS

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:STAM, JUSTIN EDWARD;REEL/FRAME:034251/0994

Effective date: 20141022

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION