US2014588A - Crushing structure - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 17, 1935. H RUMPEL 2,@fl41-,5@8

' CRUSHING STRUCTURE Filed Sept. 25, 1955 INVENTOR.

www mmde ATTORNEYS.

Patented Sept. 17, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2 Claims. (Cl. 83-10) The present invention relates to improvements,

in the construction of crushing structures, and is directed especially to improvements in the mode of manufacturing the crushing members of gyratory or similar crushers.

Generally defined, an object of the invention is to provide improvements in the construction of the crushing members for crushers and especially for machines of the gyratory. type.

Asshown and described in copending applications Serial No. 544,053, filed June 13, 1931, and Serial No. 625,263, filed July 28, 1932, matured into Patent 1,993,900, issued on March 12, 1935, it has heretofore been proposed to provide a reduction crusher of the gyratory type wherein a crushing member having a substantially spherical crushing surface, is caused to cooperate with another crushing member having a substantially conical crushing surface. The spherical surfaced member of this type of crusher comprises a head secured to a suitable driving shaft, and a wearresistant shell-like mantle of substantially uniform thickness coacting with and secured to a spherical surface of the head. Because of the fact 7 that the included angle of the spherical crushing surface is preferably considerably less than 180, the mantle, in fact, comprises a relatively fiat sector of a spherical shell, and this flatness of the coacting parts introduces considerable difliculty in properlyralining the head and mantle'and in rigidly attaching the mantle to the head, espe cially when it becomes desirable to replace a mantle in the field.

It is, therefore, a more specific object of the 1, present invention to provide an improved replaceable mantle structure, and improved instrumentali'ties for effectively attaching a mantle to a supporting head, in any crusher wherein the mantle is of such formation as to make it difficult toproperly aline the coacting parts and'to secure firm anchorage.

Another specific object of the invention is to provide improved means for rigidly but detachably attaching a wear-resistant'crusher mantle to a head for driving the mantle with the aid of molten metal. I

Still another specific object of the invention is to provide an improved head mantle and attaching means therefor, especially applicable in gymto-ry crushers, which may be readily manufactured, which is durable in construction, and which is devoid of undesirable projections exposable to excessive wear.

A further specific object of the invention is to provide improved means for attaching a crusher mantle to a supporting head so that the coacting parts are fixed against possible relative shifting and wherein the attaching means are relieved from excessive stresses and Wear.

These and other objects of the invention will 5 be apparent fromthe following detailed descrip- A clear conception of the features constituting the present improvement, and of the mode of constructing and of utilizing crushing structures 10 built in accordance with the invention, may be had by referring to the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification in which like reference characters designate the same or similar parts in the several views. 15

Fig. 1 is a central Vertical section through a fragment of a gyratory reduction crusher of the spherical head type, showing the head member complete, and also showing a fragment of the concave member; ,7

Fig. 2 is a full top view of the mantle which is applied to the head of the crusher of Fig.1, drawn to a slightly reduced scale;

a Fig. 3 is a full top view of the crushing head with the mantle and main shaft removed, drawn 5 to the same scale as Fig. 2; and

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary bottom View of the man tle, drawn to the scale of Fig. 1.

' The gyratory crusher shown in Fig. 1 comprises in general a normally movable crushing mem- 39 berconsistingof a mantle 8 coacting with a head 9 rigidly attached by shrinkage to the upper extremity of a tapered main ,shaft l0; an annular normally stationary crushing member consisting of a liner H coacting withra concave 12 which is 35 ordinarily tiltably supported from a main frame is; and a rotary eccentric M journalled in the frame I 3 and coacting with the shaft I 0 to gyrate the mantle 8 and head 9 relative to the liner H and concave 12 while permitting free rotation of 40 the gyrated member about the central axis of the shaft 10. The upper stationary member of the crusher surrounds and overlies the lower movable member, and these members cooperate to form an annular downwardly extending and outwardly spreading crushing chamber 15 having an upper central unrestricted inlet opening 16 and a lower annular discharge opening 11 as shown in Fig. 1. The eccentric I4 is adapted to be rotated in order to impart gyratory movement to the head 9 and mantle 8, by gearing 18 of well-known construction; and the head 9 is supported directly upon the upper end of the eccentric 14 through an antifriction thrust bearing I9 coacting with a lower plane'surface of the head.

The crusher head 9 may be formed of cast steel or other strong material which is not necessarily as wear-resistant as other materials, but the mantle B should be formed of wear-resistant material, such as manganese steel, and should be readily replaceable. The upper spherical portion of the head 9 is, therefore, provided with two or more substantially radial grooves 20, and the upper end of the main shaft I0 to which the head is rigidly attached, is provided with a threaded hole 2|. over, provided with an annular central projection 22, and the lower face of the mantle 8 is shaped to roughly follow the major portion of the upper head contour but is spaced slightly therefrom. The peripheral lower portion of the mantle 8 is, however, provided with an annular lower projection 23, the lower face of which is ground or machined to accurately fit the adjadent machined spherical surface of the head 9, and which provides for the slight spacing just referred to. The lower projection 23 may be in-, terrupted at several places by recesses 24, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4, communicating with the space between the head and mantle within the projection 23, and the mantle 8 has one or more integral lower projections 25 depending from the lower face thereof into said space. A clamping screw 26 coacts with the central hole 2 I in the main shaft [9, and with a central tapered opening in the mantle 8; and the head of the screw 26 is provided with one or more slots 21 adapted to be brought into registry with adjacent slots 28 of a series formed in the mantle 8, at the tapered opening. The center of the screw head may also be provided with a recess as shown, for permitting turning of the screw 26 with the aid of a suitable tool, and no portion of the screw projects beyond the crushing surface of the mantle. When the mantle B and head 9 are properly assembled, all of the intervening spaces are filled with metal 29, such as zinc, in a manner to be subsequentl described.

During the manufacture of the improved head and mantle assemblage, the parts are first constructed as specifically described, and the clamp ing screw 26 is utilized to preliminarily properly aline or center the mantle and head, and to clamp the mantle 8 against the head 9 along the lower machined face of the annular projection 23. The assemblage is then inverted, and molten metal 29 is poured into the confined spaces between the mantle and head, through the recesses 24 in the mantle periphery, thus completely filling these spaces, including the grooves 20, and also surrounding the projections 25. This molten metal after filling these open spaces finally also fills the slots 21, 28 as well, thereby producing an uninterrupted backing for the mantle 8, and. also looking the screw 26 in place and the mantle 8 to the head 9 at the alined grooves 20 and projections 25. The mantle 8 is thus positively locked to the head 9 and shaft H] in accurately alined position after the metal 29 solidifies; but maybe readily removed for renewal by merely drilling or otherwise removing the metal 29 from within the slot 21 and withdrawing the clamping screw 26. The head projection 22 coacting from excessive shear and side thrust, and the grooves 29 and projections 25.coact withthe filling metal 29 to positively prevent relative rotation of the mantle 8 and head 9.

The upper part of the head 9 is, more by. this metal.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that the present invention provides simple and highly effective means for attaching a mantle to a head in a crushing structure wherein these elements are of such formation that it is difficult to accurately aline the same, and the improvement has proven highly successful in crushers wherein these parts have limited spherical surface coaction. The mantle 8 and clamping screw 26 are both keyed in place by the metal 29, and a perfect seating is provided for the mantle The parts may thus be firmly locked to each other and caused to coact along a machined seating of minimum area, thereby permitting manufacture of the assemblage at minimum cost, and the clamping means are effectively -protected against wear and excessive stress.

While it is possible that the zinc filling 29 may crack during operation of the crusher, the inwardly tapered formation of the recesses 24 will prevent the metal from escaping or dropping out. It is, moreover, unnecessary to have the head grooves 20 and mantle projections 25 in longitudinal alinement as shown, in order to effectively prevent relative rotation of the mantle and head, since the solid zinc filler will prevent such rotation of the parts so long as the adjacent faces thereof are not perfectly smooth.

It will also be apparent that the invention provides an improved readily replaceable mantle structure, which may be just as readily applied to a head, either in the shop or in the field. The attaching screw may be quickly applied or removed to attach or rel-ease the mantle, and the renewal of the mantle can be effected with minimum loss of time and expense. The central screw 26, with its tapered head, cooperates with the contact surface of the annular projection 23 to perfectly center the mantle upon the head, and the screw head presents an exposed surface which is flush with the crushing surface of the mantle, thereby avoiding wear and possible loosening of the screw.

It should be understood that it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact details of construction herein shown and described, for various modifications within the scope of the claims may occur to persons skilled in the art.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In combination, a shaft, a head secured to an end of said shaft, a mantle for said head extending across said shaft end, said mantle having an annular series of peripheral projections separated by radial recesses and directly contact- 1 radial projections and grooves respectively exposed to said space and extending inwardly away from said projections between successive recesses, a clamping screw penetrating the center of said mantle and said space and coacting directly with said shaft to force said mantle projections in contact with said head, said screw and mantle having registerable slots therein, and a body of relatively fusible metal filling said space, recesses, grooves and slots to lock the coacting parts against relative rotation.

2. In combination, a shaft, a head secured to an end of said shaft and having an annular central projection directly adjacent said shaft end, a mantle for said head and shaft end having a depression within which said projection extends,

said mantle having an annular series of peripheral projections separated by radial recesses and directly contacting said head remote from said central head projection to form a separating space between said mantle and said head and shaft at all other portions of these elements, and said mantle and head having alined radial projections and grooves respectively exposed to said space and extending inwardly from said peripheral to said central projections between successive recesses, a clamping screw penetrating the center of said mantle and said space and coacting directly with said shaft to force said mantle projections in contact directly with said head, said screw having a slot and said mantle having a series of slots with which said screw slot is registerable upon adjustment of said screw, and a body of relatively fusible metal filling said space, recesses, grooves and slots to lock the coacting parts against relative r0- tation.

HARVEY H. RUM'PEL.

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