US1424792A

US1424792A - Rock crusher

Info

Publication number: US1424792A
Application number: US347923A
Authority: US
Inventors: Clemens W Ackermann
Original assignee: Frog Switch and Manufacturing Co
Current assignee: Frog Switch and Manufacturing Co
Priority date: 1919-12-29
Filing date: 1919-12-29
Publication date: 1922-08-08
Anticipated expiration: 1939-08-08

Description

C. W. ACKERMANN. R'ocK CRUSHER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-29. 1919. RENEWED JUNE 12, 1922- 1,424,792. Patented Aug. 8, 1922,

2 SHEET$-SHEET lv 0. w. ACKERMANN.

- ROCK CBUSHER. ED 05.29 19 UNE I2, 1922.

Patented Aug. 8, 1922.

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narrate stares sar it? CLEMENS w. ACKERMANN, or CHICAGO, rLnINo s, As srelvoa 'ro'rnoeswIr HAND MANUFACTURING COMP NY, or GARLISLE, PENNSYLVANIA, A oaroRArIoN or PE NSYL ANIA.

memes.

Specification of Letters Patent.

ROCK CRUSI-IER.

Patented g. s, 1922.

Application filed December 29, 1.919, Serial No. 347,923., Renewed June 12,1922. Serial No. 567,742.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLnMnNs WV. AC-KER- MANN, a citizen of the United States, residing at 1987 Kimball vAvenue, Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of. Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Rock Crushers, of whichv the following isa full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification. My invention relates to rock Crushers, and more specifically to Crushers of the-gyratory type, employing a crushing head which gyrates in a conical crushing chamber,

From the nature of the work the surfaces of the crusher head are subject to a severe erosion, which necessitates their frequent renewal, and it is the primary objectjof the present invention toreduce the expense and difficulty involved in renewing these crushing surfaces. The general practice atpresent is to construct the crusher head with a removable mantle of manganese steel or the like, which, after considerable wear is removed as an entirety and substituted by a new mantle.

This practice of renewing the mantle as an entirety is subject to the disadvantage, however, that the erosion of the mantle is usually not uniformly distributed over the entire surface,-but is more severe and more rapid at the lower end of the cone. The mantle must, therefore, be renewed after a relatively short period of operation because of the intense erosion of these lower surfaces, while the upper surfaces are in comparatively good condition and capable of giving considerable more service. The reason for this non-uniformity of wear of the mantle is due to severalreasons, particularly to the action of the small pieces of rock packing into a relatively solid mass in the constricted portion of the crusher throat adjacent the lower end of the mantle so that there-is a more continuous breaking action intensified about this end of the mantle- It is a secondary object of the present invention to provide an improved construction of sectional mantle which permits of renewal of the lower portion of the mantle independently of the upper portion without impairing the rigidity and durability of the crusherhead or mantle. A Another obj ect of the invention is to provide animproved method of rigidly locking the plurality of mantle sections together and of rigidly mounting the assembled keys there is no damage done to the mantle sections. 7

The manner of practicing myinvention will be more apparent from. the following detailed description, taken. in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which I have illustrated one preferred embodi.' ment of my invention.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectionalfview of a gyratory crusher employing a sectional mantle constructed in accordance with my invention; l

Figure 2 is a fragmentary elevational view illustrating a modified construction of sectional mantle;

Figure 3 is a plan view of the crusher head; I I

Figure'et is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the crusher head; v

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view of the upper mantle section;

Figure 6 is a similarwiew of the lower mantle section;

Figures 7, 8 and 9 are difierent enlarged views of the preferred form of locking key, and A Figure 10 is a fragmentary sectional View illustratinga modified relation of the looking keys and mantle sections.

The crusher l, which I shall describe briefly, includes the conical crushing chamber 2, the feeding hopper 3v and the discharge spout 4E, whichdischarges the crushed rock from the bottom of the chamber 2. The upper end of a main oscillatory shaft 5 is loosely guided in a play bearing in the hub of a spider 6.- The lower end of the oscillato-ry shaft 5 is mounted, in an eccentric 8, which receives its driving energy from the fit over the taper portion 19 of the shaft 5,-

crusher chamber. mantle whlch constitutes the crushing SUI-,7

pulley 9 through the bevel gears 10 and 11. On the shaft 5 is mounted the conical crushing head 12, theinclined taper .of which in rockabout the'lower end of the crusher head, and as a'result, these crushing surfaces will be more intensely eroded. This action mentii'n the lower end of the crusher head,

and also because of -the fact that the smaller pieces ofrock are broken more by direct compression than by the'action of spanning a portionof the chamber and beingbroken by bending, as in the upper portion of the The manganese steel face of the head 12 is divided into upper and'lower

sections

15 and 16. Referring to Figure 4;, these sections are mounted on a tapering head center or core 18, wh ch 1s preferably composed of cast iron or steel.

The mounting of the head center 18 on the shaft 5 may be accomplished in any preferred manner. In the embodiment shown, the head center is bored out on a taper to on which the head center is held by a nut 21 or by any other suitable means. The head center 18 is preferablykeyed to the shaft 5 to prevent rotation of the head center. It will be noted that the intermediate portion of each mantlesection is spacedaway from the tapered center 18, the actual bearing contact of the mantle sections on the head center being confined to the inwardly pro- "jecting

flanges

22 and 23 on the upper mantle section 15, and the flanges: 24 and 25 on the lower mantle section 16.

This eliminates an extensive machining operation, as by this arrangement only the flanges andtheir points of contact on the head center require machining. It will be noted from Figures 5 and 6 that the interior of each of the

mantle sections

15 and 16 is formed. with a plurality of longitudinal grooves 2627 andalso a. plurality ofannular grooves 28229. The series of

longitudinal grooves

26 and 27 are extended through the

flanges

22, 23 and 24: and the mantle sections are assembled upon the head center 18 with these grooves in alignment so that when thejmolten zinc filler is poured between the mantle sections and head center, it will permeate down and entirely fill the intervening spaces between the mantle sections and core. This filler, which is preferably. of zinc or babbit constitutes a backing for the portions of the mantle sections which are spaced away from the head center and thus forms a solid unit of the mantle sections and center. It will be apparent that this filler, which is designated 3O, also assists in looking the'two three of these sets of openings, spaced equi-, I

I distantly about the mantle sections. is accentuated by the greater range of move- The two tapers 34 and 35 are formed to converge outwardly for the purpose of locking the keys in the openings; this locking function being assisted by the camm-ing action of the'tapered surfaces under the relative rota tive tendency between'the two mantle sections, which tendsto force'the keys inwardly against the head center. 18. As a result of the locking relation of the keys there'is no possibility of any of the keys working out of the mantle openings. The keys are made slightly smaller than the mantle openings and the intervening spaces are adapted to be filled by the spelter filling 30, as indicated at 36. of accurately machining the keys or the looking openings, and furthermore, insures a more rigid mounting of the keys in the openings than would even be possible by machining the same. I

In assembling the mantle for mounting on This construction avoids'the necessity the head center, the three keys 33are first inserted into the

openings

31 and 32 from the inside of the mantlesections, whereupon the mantle is slippeddown'over the head center 18 and the

flanges

22, 23, 24' and 25 are brought down firmly on the machined surfaces of the head center. The spelter filling is then poured between the head .cen-

ter and the mantle sections to join the difl'erent parts into a rigid unit. The mantle is held on the head center by any preferred means, such as by flowing a filling'of zinc between the top of the mantle and the nut 21 and utilizing this nut for locking the mantle on the head center, or by any other means.

When the erosion of the lower mantle section necessitates its renewal, the mantleas an entirety is first released from the head center by releasing the nut 21 or whatever locking means is employed for holding the mantle in position. The filler does not cohere molecularly to the head center, nor to the mantle sections, and consequently these can be released without any difficulty. After removal of the mantle the filler is released from the mantle sections and the keys are disengaged to release the mantle sections from each other. A new lower mantle section is then substituted and the keys are reinserted. The assembled mantle is then slipped back over the head center and the spelter filling flowed between the two as hereinbefore described.

In Figure 10, I have illustrated a modified relation of the locking keys and mantle sections. In this embodiment the locking openings 31 and 32' are not extended entirely through the walls of the mantle sections, but only part way, so as to form internal recesses in the sections. The keys 33 are inserted in the recesses from the inside of the mantle sections and are locked therein by the zinc filler 30. By this construction the mantle presents a smooth outer crushing surface and furthermore there is no possibility of damaging the keys or loosening their mounting in the key openings 31' and 82 by engagement with the rocks on the crusher throat.

In Figure 2 I have illustrated a modified construction of mantle designed to rigidly lock the mantle sections together independently of the locking keys. To this end the adjoining edges of the two sections are formed with cooperating serrations or sawteeth 40, which are held in engagement by the locking keys 33. These serrations or saw teeth are provided for the purpose of relieving the locking keys of the strain of locking the sections together against the rotative force created by the crushing operation, which tends to turn the mantle sections relative to each other.

It should be noted that by making the locking keys entirely independent of the mantle sections, the loss involved in the breakage of one or more of these keys is negligible as compared to the loss involved where the keys are formed integral with one or both of the mantle sections and the breakage of any one of the keys ruins its corresponding mantle section. It is to be understood, however, that the present form of key may be extensively modified and that the invention is not to be limited to any particular formation or construction of these keys.

I claim:

1. In a mantle for a crusher head, the combination of a head center, a mantle comprising an upper and a lower mantle section mounted on said head center, the adjoining edges of said mantle sections being provided pendent of both mantle sections for locking said sections together, said locking key having enlarged end portions engaging in the co-operating recesses.

2. In a mantle for a crusher head, the combination of a plurality of independent mantle sections, the adjoining edges of said mantle sections being provided with coincident locking recesses, a separate locking key independent of said mantle sections for locking said sections together, said locking recesses being formed with beveled side walls adapted to cooperate with beveled lateral surfaces on said locking key for positively locking said key against outward displacement.

3. In a mantle for a gyratory crusher head, the combination of an upper and a lower mantle section, a plurality of keys for locking said sections together, said keys extending between the adjoining edges of said upper and lower mantle sections and engaging in correspondingly formed key openings in said mantle sections, and a filler between said keys and the walls of said openings.

4. In a mantle fora gyratory crusher head, the combination of an upper and a lower mantle section, and a plurality of keys independent of said sections for looking said sections together, said keys being of substantial figure 8 formation, said mantle sections being provided with correspondingly formed openings adapted to coincide for the reception of said locking keys, the ends of said openings terminating intermediate the ends of said mantle sections and being enlarged to receive the ends of said keys.

5. In a gyratory crusher, a head center, a mantle comprising an upper and a lower mantle section mounted on said head center, said mantle sections having inwardly projecting flanges adjacent their ends for engagement on said head center, a plurality of keys independent of said mantle sections for locking said sections together, said mantle sections having coincident openings in their adjoining edges for the reception of said keys, and a metallic filler between said head center and said mantle sections and between said keys and the sides of said openings.

6. In a mantle for a gyratory crusher head, the combination of a head center, a mantle comprising an upper and a lower mantle section mounted on said head center, the adjoining edges of said mantle sections being formed with a continuous series of saw-tooth serrations in meshed relation for preventing relative rotation between said mantle sections, the adjoining edges of said mantle sections also being provided with continuous locking recesses, the ends of which terminate in the body of said mantle end portions having interlocking engage; sections at points intermediate the ends of ment in correspondingly formed ends in said said mantle sections, and a plurality of seplocking recesses; V 10 'arate locking keys independent of both In Witness Where0f,i I hereunto subscribe mantle sections for locking said sections to-. my name this 26th day of December, 1919. gether, each of said locking keys having a reduced intermediate portion and enlarged CLEMENS W. ACKERMANN.