US2341543A

US2341543A - Bowl liner for gyratory crushers and means for securing it

Info

Publication number: US2341543A
Application number: US400032A
Authority: US
Inventors: Oscar C Gruender
Original assignee: Nordberg Manufacturing Co
Current assignee: Nordberg Manufacturing Co
Priority date: 1941-06-27
Filing date: 1941-06-27
Publication date: 1944-02-15
Anticipated expiration: 1961-02-15
Also published as: US2341544A; DE866893C

Description

Feb. 15, 1944.

o. c. GRUENDERY BOWL LINER FOR GYRATORY CRUSHERS AND MEANS FOR SECURING IT Filed June 27, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet l ill Jiiarneys.

Feb. 15, 1944. o. c. GRUENDER 2,341,543

BOWL LINER FOR GYRATORY CRUSHERS AND MEANS FOR SECURING IT Filed June 27, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 I; H. E E

L l v fnyeiezw" 0,5047" 67 Grazia/er Feb. 15, 1944. o. c. GRUENDER FOR GYRATORY CRUSHERS AND MEANS FOR SECURING IT BOWL LIN Fild June 27, 1941 s Sheets-Sheet s Patented Feb. 15,

BOWL LINER FOR GYBATORY CBUSHERS AND MEANS FOR SECURING IT Oscar C. Gruender, Milwaukee, Wis., assignor to Nordberg Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Application June 27, 1941, Serial No. 400,032

' '24 Claims. (01. 83-10) My invention relates to an improvement in wearing parts for gyratory crushers and has for one purpose the provision of an improved bowl liner for such a crusher which shall be quick and easy to apply and remove and which shall be self-tightening in use.

Another purpose is the provision of improved means for securing such a bowl liner in position.

Another purpose is the provision of an improved bowl-liner in which part of the locking means are formed integrally with the bowl liner.

Another purpose is the provision of an improved bowl liner of manganese steel or the like in which the locking means include a portion of the bowl liner adapted to yield or compensate for peening or stretching of the body of the bowl liner during-use.

Another purpose is the provision of an improved bowl liner adapted to prevent relative movement of the bowl liner and of the soft metal packing or backing which is employed with it.

Other purposes will appear from time to time in the course of the specification and claims.

'1 illustrate my invention more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. 1 is a vertical axial section illustrating one of the improved bowl liners in position;

Fig. 2 is a section on a reduced scale taken on I v the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of one of the bowl liners;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of a variant form of my bowl liner; and

Fig. 5 is a side elevation similar to Fig. 3 ofthe variant form of the bowl liner.

Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout the specification and drawings.

My liner is illustrated in connection with a socalled gyratory cone crusher. The crusher itself does not form part of the present invention and is not indicated in complete detail. I illustrate,

however, a cone or head i, which is mounted upon an upright portion 2, fixed on any suitable crusher base not herein shown. The portion 2 is in the form of a cylindrical member fixed on the crusher frame.' Rotatable thereabout is an eccentric sleeve 3, which may be rotated by any suitable means not herein shown. I may employ suitable bearing liners or sleeves 3a and 3b.

The inner wall of the eccentric aperture of the sleeve 3 is in bearing relationship with the cylindrical exterior surface of the member 2. The outer surface of the eccentric sleeve 3, which is also cylindrical but inclined to the inner surface, is in bearing relationship with a corresponding inner cylindrical surface of the head I.

The vertical center line of the crusher is indicated at X. The head I is generally conic, but has a transversely extending top portion 4, which continues upwardly in a stem 5, herein shown as generally cylindricaL- 8 is any suitable removable mantle, the details of which do not form part of the present invention. .1 illustrate it,

however, as having a top screw thread I in mesh with a corresponding thread 8 of any suitable locking sleeve 9, mounted upon the stem 5 and held against upward movement by a suitable wedge or key i0, which is held against endwise movement, as by any suitable securing screw ll. 12 is any suitable feed distributing plate, which may be mounted on or form part of. the above described structure.

Y indicates the center line or axis of the head.

It will be observed that the lines X and Y intersect at the point Z. It will be understood that,

when the eccentric sleeve 3 is rotated, the head and with it the mantle B are gyrated in such fashion as to exert a crushing action against the below described bowl liner.

i4 indicates any suitable packing or backing nate inwardly of a top supporting face l9 of the wall H, the supporting face I9 being generally horizontal. j

20 is a rotatable locking nut, having an inner locking thread 21, and a plurality of upwardly extending lugs 22, whichv may be employed for rotating the locking nut 20 and for thereby tightening the below described bowl liner 23. It is shown as having an inner face 23a, which is generally conic and which, with the outer face of the mantle 6, defines a crushing cavity. If desired, the lower portion of the face may be at a more obtuse angle, as at 24, and is shown as in parallelism with the opposed face of the mantle 6. That is to say, the opposed faces are generally parallel when the mantle 6 is at its closest or crushing approach to the bowl liner 23. The liner 23 is provided with a lower conic outer face 25, which is adapted for a metal to metal contact with an opposed face 26 of the wall ll. Above such zone of contact the liner 23 is inwardly reduced, as at 21, to give room for a body of soft; metal 28 of zinc or the like. Relative rotation of the body of zinc and the liner 23 may be prevented by any suitable means. I illustrate, for example, a plurality of further recesses or depressions 29, herein shown as four in number. It will be realized thattheir shape and number may be widely varied, and in fact, under some circumstances, a mere roughening of the rear face of the liner may be enough. What is important is that there shall be some interpenetration of the bowl liner and the zinc, whereby the body of zinc which backs the bowl liner and separates it from the opposed face of the wall I! shall be held against movement in relation to the bowl liner itself.

Preferably integral with the outer face of the bowl liner and herein shown as at the top of the bowl liner is a thread 30, which preferably extends about the liner through an angle of arc of the order of 360 degrees. It is shown as precisely 360degrees, but it will be understood that it may be somewhat more or somewhat less than 360 degrees under some circumstances.

While a variety of form of thread may be used, I find it advantageous to have a form of thread with a plane or substantially plane bottom face, as at 3|. That is to say, it is fiat,'although, of course, it conforms to a spiral and may abut snugly against the corresponding fiat upper face 32 of the thread 2| of the locking nut 20. It will be observed that the parts are so proportioned that the inner edge of the thread 2| is spaced substantially outwardly from the opposed outer wall of the bowl liner 23. I find it advan tageous to make the bowl liner, like the mantle, of manganese steel or its equivalent. One of the characteristics of manganese'steel is that it peens 'or stretches in the course of the crushing operation. It is a very hard material, but under the constant hammering or shock of the crushing action it does tend to stretch. I find it advantageous to so shape and proportion the thread 30 that it may give -or flex slightly in order to compensate for the stretching of the material of which the bowl liner is made. I illustrate the thread of the bowl liner as being a left-hand thread. While I illustrate a left-hand thread, this is not compulsory and I could employ a right-hand thread with equal efiect. The pitch of the thread is so related to the direction of movement of the head that whatever rotation is given to the head in the course of the crushin operation is efiective to tighten the bowl liner.

In the application of the bowl liner it is moved upwardly into the position in which it is shown in Fig. 1, and any suitable means not herein shown may be employed for pouring the zinc backing 28. The locking ring is tightened by sledging against the upwardly extending lugs 22 until the desired adjustment or tightening is obtained. Thereafter relative movement of the locking nut and the bowl vstructure is prevented by positionirg a locking ring III, which has a plurality of inward notches 4|, to receive the lugs 22, and a plurality of outer notches 42, to receive the ribs l8 of the crushing bowl l5.

Thereafter the hopper or conic feed deflector 45 may be positioned as shown in Fig. 1, and the device is ready for use. It will be observed that the number of notches ll and 42 substantially exceed the number of lugs 22 and ribs l8, respectively, whereby a latitude of adjustment is permitted.

with reference to the form of Figs. 4 and 5, I

may under some circumstances find it advisable to employ, instead of the continuous thread II. a discontinuous thread 30a, which is provided with a plurality of notches 30b, which divide it into segments, which may flex independently in the course of compensation for the peening or stretching of the bowl liner.

It will be realized that, whereas I have described and illustrated a practical and operative device, nevertheless many changes maybe made in the size, shape, number and disposition of parts without departing from the spirit of my invention. I therefore wish my description and drawings to be taken as in a broad sense illustrative or diagrammatic, rather than as limiting me to my precise showing.

For example, whereas I have shown the thread I as having a flat top, it will be understood that a wide variety of forms of thread may be employed, either standard or of specia1 design.

The use and operation of my invention are as follows:

No material has so far been found to equal manganese steel for the wearing parts of gyratory crushersof the type herein shown. Manganese steel possesses extreme toughness and wear-resisting characteristics. It has the peculiar char acteristic of flowing or deforming under the pounding or impact normal to the crushing operation. It is, therefore, a difi'icult problem to provide means for adequately holding the. bowl liners in position and to provide for their ready removal for replacement.

Where a locking means at the top of the bowl is provided in direct bearing contact with the body of the bowl, the deformation of the bowl in the course of time may create an excess upward thrust against the locking means sufllcient to bend or distort the threads and finally break it.

This is a condition which is not infrequently met in the field.

I find it desirable to interpose between the locking means and the body of the bowl liner means eifective to maintain a locking thrust of the bowl liner upwardly against the bowl, but which will not transmit to the locking means any undesired thrust caused by the deformation or peening or stretching of the liner in the course of its use on the machine. In the present device I find it convenient to make this thrust trans mitting means integral with or part of the liner itself, which can be cast unitary with the liner. This is a matter of convenience rather than necessity, and a takeup means of the type herein shown could be interposed between the top of the bowl liner and the locking nut thereabove.

Referring in detail to the liner herein described and shown, I employ a liner body that is of manganese steel and has adjacent its upp r edge a single left-hand thread of about 360 degrees of arc. This is not a thread formed in the liner, so much as a thread which extends outwardly from the body of the liner. It will be understood that the thread is not cut in the liner and that the liner is not weakened by the thread. The thread 30 extends laterally outwardly from the body of the liner itself to a distance sumcient to provide the possibility of flexure of the thread to relieve any undesired thrust against the thread 2| of the locking nut 20. It will be noted, also, that the inner edge of the thread 2| of the hut does not extend to the outer face of the liner, but is spaced substantially outwardly therefrom.

- I-find it also desirable to have the opposed faces I 2,341,543 at right angles to the axis of the bowl. Under some circumstancesit is advantageous to permit the individual parts oi the thread to flex individually, and I obtain this result by interrupting the thread at spaced points, as shown at "b in Fi 5. a

It will be understood that, whereas I have described and shown a left-hand thread, this is because of the relationship between the direction of drive or the direction of gyration oi the crushers with which the liner is employed. In other words, whatever may be the direction of rotation of the eccentric sleeve or means which gyrates the head, the thread of the liner is so pitched as to provide a self-tightening effect. It will be understood that the thread, therefore, not merely cooperates in holding the liner locked in position, but tends to serve as an automatic tightening takeup means during use, and also as a relieving means for compensating or relieving whatever undesired thrust is caused by the stretching or defamation of the liner resulting from the pounding it receives during the crushing operation.

The deformability of the thread 30 is highly important in connection with the automatic locking feature. The bowl liner 23 is free to rotate within the bowl. The minute that the peening or stretching releases it in the bowl, it then rotates, and this rotation, due to the pitch of the thread, results in an upward thrust against the thread. If the liner were not free to rotate, this phenomenon would not occur, butin the crushing operation tremendous force is exerted on the bowl liner and mantle, tending to rotate these elements, and in the structure herein described and claimed I employ this force a'utomatlcalkv'to tighten the bowl liner and the mantle in place. However, the deformability of the thread 39 of the liner or the thread i of the mantle prevents the exertion of any disadvantageous strain on the locking means employed.

In connection with the deformability of the thread 3t, it is important that there be ample clearance between the thread extending outwardly from the bowl and the recess in the nut which receives the thread.- Referring for example to Fig. 1, it is evident that there is a substantial clearance between the outer end of the thread 30 and the opposed inner face of the nut recess into which it extends. Without such clearance the device would not operate as above described, and in fact would be practically inoperative, as a snug engagement of the opposed threads will greatly increase the stresses set up in the threads, resulting in rupture or at least increasing the thread stress to a considerable extent. In order to permit the thread to deform, the lower horizontal plane of the thread surface must. tilt upward, and clear-- ance for such deformation must .be provided. Thus, not only must the radius of the thread be less than the radius of the aperture into which it penetrates, but the vertical thickness of the thread must be less than the space into which it penetrates. This clearance is obtained by providing a thread which is vertically thinner than the space into which it extends. This vertical clearance is evident in Fig. 1.

I claim:

i. In a gyratory crusher having a bowl and a head, and means for gyrating the head, aliner for said bowl, including a generally conic body, and means for locking said liner in relation to said bowl, including an integrally formed thread outwardly extending from an upper portionof the liner, and a locking nut rotatably mounted on said bowland having a thread in mesh with the thread of said liner, means for rotating saidnut and for thereby exerting compression against the liner, including oneor more sledging lugs extending upwardly from said nut, and means for look- 'ing said nut against rotation in relation to said bowl, including a locking ring having apertures adapted to receive said sledging lug or lugs, and

additional apertures adapted to interpenetrate metal having the characteristics of manganese steel, so far as relates to deformation or peening under impact or pressure, said body having the general form of an open topped truncated cone, and an integrally formed locking and stress relieving element in the form of a. thread located adjacent the top of said body and extending laterally therefrom, the lateral extension of said thread from the body being sumcient in relation to the thickness of the thread to permit a fiexure of the thread in response to the tendency of the body to peen under crushing stress.

3. In a self tightening wearing member for gyratory crushers, a unitary hollow body of a metal having the characteristics of manganese steel, so far as relates to deformation or peening under impact or pressure, said body having the general form of an open topped truncated cone, and an integrally, formed locking and stress relieving element in the form of a-thread located adjacent the top of said body and extending laterally therefrom, the lateral extension of said thread from the body being suflicient in relation to the thickness of the thread to permit a flexure of the thread in response to the tendency of the body to peen under crushing stress, said thread extending through an angle of arc of, the order of 360 degrees only, whereby the entire thread may flex under strain.

4. In a self tightening wearing member for gyratory crushers, a unitary hollow body of a metal having the characteristicsof manganese steel, so far as relates to deformation or peening under impact or pressure, said body having the v general form of an open topped truncated cone,

and an integrally formed locking and stress relieving element in the form of a thread located adjacent the top of said body and extending laterally therefrom, the lateral extension of said thread from the body being sufiicient in relation to the thickness of the thread to permit a flexure of the thread in response to the tendency of the body to peen under crushing stress, said thread being provided with a plurality of generally radial interruptions whereby it is divided into separate sections adapted forindividual flexure.

5. In a self tightening wearing member for gyratory crushers, a unitary hollow body of a metal having the characteristics of manganese steel, so far as relates to deformation or peening under impact or pressure, said body having the general form of an open topped truncated cone, and an integrally formed locking and stress relieving element in the form of a thread located adjacent the top of said body and extending laterally therefrom, the lateral extension of said thread from the body beingsuificient in relation to the thickness of the thread to permit a flexure of the thread in response to the tendency of the body to peen under crushing stress, the vertical dimension of said thread at its junction with the body being less than the lateral extension of the thread from the body.

6. In a self tightening wearing member for gyratory crushers, a unitary hollow body of a metal having the characteristics of manganese steel, so far as relates to deformation or peening under impact or pressure, said body ,having the general form of an open topped truncated cone, and an integrally formed locking and stress relieving element in the form of a thread located adjacent the top of said body and extending laterally therefrom, the lateral extension, of said thread from the body being suflicient in relation to the thickness of the thread to permit a fiexure of the thread in response to the tendency of the body to peen under crushing stress, the vertical dimension of said thread at its junction with the body being less than the lateral extension of-the thread from the body, the vertical dimension of said thread decreasing outwardly from its junction with the body.

7. In a self tightening bowl liner for the bowl of a gyratory crusher, a unitary hollow body of a metal having the characteristics of manganese steel, so far as relates to deformation or peening under impact or pressure, said body having the general form of an open topped: truncated cone and having an interior generally conic crushing face and an exterior generally conic bowl engaging face, the thickness of said body being generally uniform from top to bottom thereof, and an integrally formed locking and stress relieving element in the form of a thread located adjacent the top of said body and extending laterally outward ly therefrom, the lateral extension of said thread outwardly from the body being sufficient in relation to the thickness of the thread to permit a flexure of the thread in response to the tendency of the body to peen or deform under crushing stress.

8. In a self tightening bowl liner for the bowl'of a gyratory crusher, a unitary hollow body of a metal having the characteristics of manganese steel, so far as relates to deformation or peening under impact or pressure, said body having the general form of an open topped truncated cone and having an interior generally conic crushing face and an exterior generally conic bowl engaging face, the thickness of said body being generally uniform from top to bottom thereof, and an integrally formed locking and stress relieving ele' ment in the form of a thread located adjacent the top of said body and extending laterally outwardly therefrom, the lateral extension of said thread outwardly from the body being suflicient in relation to the thickness of the thread to permit a flexure of the thread in response to the tendency of the body to peen or deform under crushing stress, the lower face of said thread being generally horizontal in radial cross section and generally perpendicular to the axis of the mantle.

9. In a self tightening bowl liner for the bowl of a gyratory crusher, a unitary hollow body of a metal having the characteristics of manganese steel, so faras relates to deformation or peening under impact or pressure, said body having the general form of an open topped truncated cone and having an interior generally conic crushing face and an exterior generally'conic bowl engaging face, the thickness of said body being general- 1y uniform from top to bottom thereof. and an integrally formed locking and stress relieving element in the form of a thread located adjacent the top of said body and extending laterally outwardly therefrom, the lateral extension of said thread outwardly from the body being sufficient in relation to the thickness of the thread to permit a flexure of the thread in response to the tendency of the body to peen or deform under crushing stress, the outer face of said body being provided with offset portions adapted to receive a liner of ductile material and to prevent its rotation in relation to the liner. I

10. In a gyratory crusher and in combination with a downwardly and outwardly flared crushing bowl, a self tightening bowl liner including a unitary hollow body of metal having the characteristics of manganese steel, so far as relates to deformation or peening under impact or pressure,-

said body being in the form of an open topped truncated cone and having an'exterior generally conic face adapted to engage the bowl, and an interior generally conic crushing face, the thickness of said body being generally uniform from top to bottom thereof, and an integrally formed locking and stress relieving element in the form of a thread located adjacent the top of said body and extending laterally outwardly therefrom, the

- fixed against movement in relation to the bowl,

' the pitch of the thread on the bowl being opposed to the normal direction of gyration of the crusher head, the liner being free to rotate in relation to' the bowl.

11. In a gyratory crusher and "in combination with a downwardly and outwardly flared crushing bowl, a self tightening bowl liner including a unitary hollow body of metal having the characteristics of manganese steel, so far as relates to deformation or peening under impact or pressure, said body being in the form of an open topped truncated'cone and having an exterior generally conic face adapted to engage the bowl, and an interior generally conic crushing face, the thickness of said body being generally uniform from means for normally holding said locking member v fixed against movement in relation to the bowl,

the pitch of the thread on the bowl being opposed V to the normal direction of gyration of the crusher head, the liner being free to rotate in relation to the bowl; said locking member including an inwardly threaded annulus mounted for rotary adjustment in relation to the bowl, and means for normallyholding it against rotation in relation to-the bowl.

12. In a gyratory crusher and in combination with a downwardly and outwardly flared crushing bowl, a self tightening bowl liner including a unitary hollow body of metal having the 'charac teristics of manganese steel, so far as relates to deformation or peening under impact or pressure, said bodybeing in the form of an open toppedtruncatedconeaudhavlugauexterior generally conic face adapted to engage the bowl.

and an'interior generally conic crushing face, the

thickness of said body being generally uniform from top to bottom thereof, and an integrally formed locking and stress relieving element'in the form of a thread located adjacent the top of said body and extending laterally outwardly therefrom, the lateral extension of said thread being sufiicient in relation to the thickness of the thread to permit a flexure' of the thread in response to the tendency of the body to peen under crushing stress, and locking means on the bowl, including g inward projections adapted to penetrate said notches.

I J 16. In a gyratory crusher having a head and means for gyrating it, a bowl structure including an outer generally cylindrical portion and an inner generally conic portion, a liner for the bowl opposed to the inner face of said conic portion and including a generally conic body, and means for body being less than the lateral extension of the thread from the body.

13. In a gyratory crusher having a bowl anda head, and means for gyrating the head, a liner for the bowl, including a. generally conic body, and means for locking the liner in relation to said bowl, including a screw threaded element outwardly extending from an upper portion of the liner, and a locking nut rotatably mounted upon said bowl and extending about the exterior of the liner and having a thread in mesh with the thread of the liner, means for rotating said nut bodily in relation to said bowl and liner and for thereby exerting compression against the liner, and means for locking said nut against rotation in relation to said bowl, including a locking element in simultaneous interpenetrating relationship with both the bowl and the nut, the nut having upwardly extending lugs adapted for. interpenetration with said locking element.

14. In a gyratory crusher having a bowl and a head, and means for gyrating the head, a liner for the bowl, including a generally conic body, and means for locking the liner in relation to said bowl, including a screw threaded element outwardly extending from an upper portion of the liner, and a locking nut rotatably mounted upon said bowl and extending about the exterior of the 'liner and having a thread in mesh with the thread of the liner, means for rotating said nut bodily in relation tosaid bowl and liner and for thereby exerting compression against the liner, and means for locking said nut against rotation in relation to said bowl, including an arcuate locking element in simultaneous interpenetrating relationship with both bowl and nut.

15. In a gyratory crusher having a bowl and a head, and means for gyrating the head, a liner for the bowl, including a generally conic body, and means for locking the liner in relation to said bowl, including a screw threaded element outwardly extending from an upper portion of the liner, and a locking nut rotatably mounted upon said bowl and extending about the exterior of the liner and having a thread in mesh with the thread of the liner, means for rotating said nut bodily in relation to said bowl and liner and for thereby exerting compression against the liner, and means for locking said nut against rotation in relation to said bowl, including an arcuate locking element in simultaneous interpenetrating relationship with both bowl and nut, the arcuate element being exteriorly notched, the bowl being provided with looking the liner in relation to the bowl, including a thread element outwardly extending from an upper portion of the liner, and a locking nut rotatably mounted upon said bowl and extending about the exterior of the liner and having a thread in mesh with the thread of the liner, means for rotating said nut bodily in relation to bowl and liner and for thereby exerting compression against the liner, means for locking the nut against undesired rotation in relationto the bowl, and a unitary hopper structure mounted upon and upwardly removable from the bowl and liner, said 'hopp'er structure being adapted to serve as a cover plate for the space between the upper edge of the liner and the outer cylindrical member of the bowl. I

17. In a'gyrato'ry crusher having a head and means for gyrating it, a bowl structure including an outer generally cylindrical portion and an inner generally conic portion, a liner for the bowl opposed to the inner face of said conic portion and including a generally conic body, and means for locking the liner in relation to the bowl, in-, cluding a thread element outwardly extending from an upper portion of the liner, and a locking nut rotatably mounted upon said bowl and extending about the exterior of the liner and having a thread in mesh with the thread of the liner, said bowl structure being pro vided with a shelf adapted to receive the lower face of said nut, said nut being located adjacent but exterior to the upper portion of the liner, means for rotating said nut bodily in relation; to bowl and liner and for thereby exerting compression against the liner, means for locking the nut against undesired rotation in relation to the bowl, and a unitary hopper structure mounted upon and upwardly removable from the bowl and liner, said hopper structure being adapted to serve as a cover plate for the space between the upper edge of the liner and the outer cylindrical member of the bowl.

18. In a gyratory crusherhaving a head and means for gyrating it, a bowl structure including an outer generally cylindrical portion and an inner generally conic portion, a liner for the bowl opposed to the inner face of said conic portion and including a generally conic body, and means for locking the liner in relation to the bowl, including a thread element outwardly extending from an upper portion of the liner, and a locking nut rotatably mounted upon said bowl and extending about the exterior of the liner and having a thread in mesh with the thread of the liner, said bowl structure being provided with a shelf adapted to receive the lower face of said nut, said nut being located adjacent but exterior to the upper portion of the liner, means for rotating said nut bodily in relation to bowl and liner and for thereby exerting compression against the liner, means for locking the nut against undesired rotation in relation to the bowl, including a locking member adapted to interpenetrate simultaneously with the bowl structure and the nut, and a unitary hopper structure mounted upon and upwardly removable from the bowl and liner, said hopper structure being adapted to serve as a cover plate for the space he-- bowl, including a screw threaded element outwardly extending from an upper portion of the liner, and a locking nut rotatably mounted upon said bowl and extending about the exterior of the liner and having a thread in mesh with the thread of the liner, said opposed threads extending about an angle of the order of 360 degrees each, means for rotating said nut bodily in relation to said bowl and liner and for thereby exerting compression against the liner, and means for locking said nut against rotation in relation to said bowl.

20. In a gyratory crusher having a bowl and a head, and means for gyrating the head, a liner for the bowl, including a generally conic body, and means for locking the liner in relation to said bowl, including a screw threaded element outwardly extending from an upper portion of the liner, and a locking nut rotatably mounted upon said bowl and extending about the exterior of the liner and having a thread in mesh with the thread of the liner, said opposed threads extending about an angle of the order of 360 degrees each, the opposed faces of said threads being generally perpendicular to the vertical axis of the bowl, meansfor rotating said nut bodily in relation-to said bowl and liner and for thereby exerting compression against the liner, and means for locking said nut against rotation in relation to said bowl.

21. In a gyratory crusher having a bowl and a head, and means-for gyrating the head, a'liner for the bowl, including a generally conic body, and means for locking the liner in relation to said bowl, including a screw threaded element outwardly extending from an upper portion of the liner, and a locking nut rotatably mounted upon said bowl and extending about the exterior-of the liner and having a thread in mesh with the thread of the liner, the thread of the liner being of sufllcient radial extension in. relation to its vertical root thickness to permit a measure of distortion under crushing stress, the clearance between such thread and the opposed thread of the locking nut being sufficient to permit a substantial degree or distortion without binding, the liner being formed of a metal having the characteristics of manganese steel, so far as relates to deformation or peening under impact or pressure.

22. In a gyratory crusher having a bowl and a head, and means for gyrating the head, a liner for the bowl, including a generally conic body, and means for locking the liner in relation to said bowl, including a screw threaded element outwardly extending from an upper portion 01 the liner, and a locking nut rotatably mounted upon said bowl and extending about the exterior of the liner and having a thread in mesh with the thread of the liner, the thread 01' the liner being of sumcient radial extension in relation to its vertical root thickness to permit a measure of distortion under crushing stress, the clearance between such thread and the opposed thread of the locking nut being suflici'ent to permit a substantial degree of distortion without binding, the liner being formed of a metal having the characteristics 01 man anese steel, so far as relates to deformation or peening under impact or pressure, there being a substantial clearance between the upper face of the thread on the bowl and the lower face of the thread on the nut.

23. A wearing member for gyratory crushers and the like which comprises a body of metal having the characteristics or manganese steel as to peening under impact, said body being in the form of a hollow truncated cone, and having an integrally formed thread extending outwardly from an upper portion of the body, said thread, being of reduced thickness laterally from its root,

the radial extension or the thread being sunicient,

in relation to the thickness or the thread and the material of which it isiormed, to permit a ilexure of the thread in response to the tendency of the body to peen under crushing stress, said thread extending about an arc of the order or 360 degrees.

24. A wearing member for gyratory crushers and the like which comprises a body or metal having the characteristics of manganese steel as to peening under impact, said body being in the form of a hollow truncated cone, and having an integrally formed thread extending laterally from an upper portion of the body, said thread being of reduced thickness laterally from its root, the radial extension of the thread being suilicient, in relation to the thickness of the thread and the material of which it is formed, to permit a flexure oi. the thread in response to the tendency of the body to peen under crushing stress, said thread extending about an arc of the order of 360 degrees.

- OSCAR (I. GRUENDER.