US2017108A - Crushing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

E. B. SYMONS CRUSHING APPARATUS Original Filed Sept. 19, 1927 4-Sheets-Sheet 1 0L Attorngfi W U n w m E. B'. SYMONS CRUSHING APPARATUS Original Filed Sept. 19, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Ed Ingegzfior ya?" ymamfi g f 2 0m. 15, 1935 B Y N zmmos CRUSHING APPARATUS Original Filed Sept. 19, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 65 r'fiiymomi FM 06:. 15, was; E, B, SYMQNS 2,017,108

CRU SHING APPARATUS Original Filed Sept. 19, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 MQF P Z Patented Oct. 15, 1935 CRUSHIN G APPARATUS I Edgar B. Symons,

Hollywood, Calif., assignor to Nordberg Manufacturing Company, Milwau. kee, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Original application Se No. 220,471. Divide ptember 19, 1927, Serial d and this application August 4, 1930, Serial No. 472,874

17 Claims.

My invention relates to improvements in gyratory crushing machines of the type in which the material to be crushed is fed or allowed to flow by gravity through a crushing zone between a normally fixed concave and a cone within the concave. One object of my invention is' to provide a new and improved type of gyratory crusher adapted for fine crushing. Another object is to provide such a crusher wherein means are provided to permit a very fine adjustment of the cone and concave. Another object is to provide adjusting means whereby the adjustment may be quickly and closely effected without stoppage o! the crushing operation. Another object is the provision of improved feed limiting means for such a crusher. Other objects will appear from time to time in the course of the specification and claims.

The present application is a division of applicants copending application 220,471, filed on the 19th day of September, 1927, now matured into Patent No. 1,863,529. The bowl adjusting means shown herein is claimed in applicants co-pending application, Serial No. 419,566, now matured 5 into Patent No. 1,796,413, also a division of Patent No. 1,863,529.

I illustrate my invention more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings, wherein- 30 Figure 1 is a top plan view; A

Figure 2 is a section along the line 2--2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a section along the line'3-3 of Figure 2;

35 Figure 4 is a section along the line 4-4 of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a vertical, detail section on an enlarged scale;

Figure 6 is a section on the line li-6 of Figure 2;

Figure 7 is a plan view of a variant form; Figure 8 is a section on the line 8-8 of Figure 1; and Figure 9 is a detail. 1

Like parts are indicated by like symbols 45 throughout the specification and drawings.

A is a bed or support upon which rests a frame A provided at its base with a horizontal reinforcing flange A and strengthened by the reinforcing flanges or ribs A Projecting inwardly 30 from the frame A are the radial flanges or ribs or frame members A which join and support a central cylindrical housing B;

The housing or cylinder B is outwardly expanded adjacent its upper end as at B A suitable bronze bearing member or sleeve, B penetrates the cylinder. The cylinder B is provided with a plurality of vertical channels B which are penetrated by corresponding ribs 3* formed on the. exterior of the sleeve B. These serve to prevent the rotation of the sleeve cylinder B. The sleeve is loosely fittedv to the cylinder at the upper part, as shown in Figures 2 and 6, the intervening space being filled for example with the Babbit metal B The bottom of the cylinder is closed, for exam- 10 ple by the cap C which may be bolted as at C and which supports the lower bearing plate C upon which is positioned the ball race member C with the bearing balls C which supports the plate C peripherally beveled as at C andcentrally'15 apertured as at C Dis an eccentrically apertured sleeve resting on and in general conforming to the upper sur face of the plate C It is provided at its upper end with the outwardly projecting ring gear D enclosed within the space defined by the wall or housing B and projecting outwardly and downwardly about the upper edge of the housing or cylinder B. It is provided at one point of its periphery with the upwardly hollow enlarge ment D adapted to receive a variable quantity of lead or other heavy material D adapted to serve as a counterweight.

The sleeve D is eccentrically aperturedfrom top to bottom, the aperture D being downwardly tapered from top to bottom of the sleeve. D is a wear taking or bearing member of any suitable anti-friction material. The member D is transversely grooved or slotted from top to bottom as at D and is penetrated by apertures D in communication with apertures D in the thin wall of the eccentric sleeve D.

The sleeve of the housing B is at one side provided with the outwardly projecting shaft housing E, herein shown as integral with it. Mounted 4,0 therewithin is the shaft supporting sleeve E bolted to the main frame, for example as at E The sleeve E is provided at each end with the anti-frictional bearings or bushings E Mounted in said bearings is the drive shaft E to the 45 inner end of which is keyed the bevel pinion E in mesh with the gear D E are oil grooves or passages. The outer bushing E is contacted by the ring E of angular cross-section, which in turn is surrounded by the plate or housing E in bearing engagement therewith, bolted to the outer end of the sleeve E E is a pulley keyed to the shaft E The top of the housing B is closed by the cover plate H which is formed or provided with the spherical bearing surface H which may 5 B in relation to the 5 be, if necessary. of any suitable anti-frictional material. Surrounding the bearing portion H is the circumferential well or sump H in the bottom of which are the oil discharge passages H which provide free drainage housing member 3. Beyond the sump is positioned the upwardly projecting circumferential flange H which is provided with a spherical bearing surface H concentric with the main spherical bearing surface H Mounted in the eccentric D is the tapered shaft.

J, which includes the downwardly tapered portion J and the upwardly tapered portion J. The shaft is further provided with an upper reduced cylindrical portion J and a screw threaded portion J thereabove and is transversely slotted at its top as at M". apertured as at J with the transverse upper passage J extending therefrom to the outside of the shaft adjacent its top.

L is a crushing cone seated upon the tapered portion J of the shaft. The lower central portion of the cone is spherically formed" and is herein shown as provided with a bronze spherical liner L having a circumferential upwardly turned flange L seated in a circumferential groove L in the cone. It will be understood that the liner L conforms to the spherical bearing surface H Formed in the spherical lower face of the cone is a circumferential oil duct L which is in communication, through the passage L, duct J in the shaft J. Formed in the liner L aligned beneath the duct L, are a plurality of oiling openings L", herein shown as'having downwardly and outwardly flared walls.

L is a downwardly depending flange formed in the bottom of the cone, beyond the central spherical portion. Surrounding it is the circumfer ential groove L in which is positioned the upwardly projecting flange L upon the ring L. It will be understood that the lower surface of the ring L is spherical, and conforms to the spherical surface H of the opposed flange H L is any suitable packing, which may be of felt. L is any suitable limitmember held in position for example by the screw L.

The cone depends outwardly beyond the structure above described, as at L and terminates in a downwardly turned curtain or apron L".

M, M are mantle members mounted on the head L and directly contacting, for example, the zinc layer M. M is a securing sleeve slidable along the upper cylindrical portion J of the shaft and provided with a downwardly and outwardly flaring or conic portion M adapted to engage the upper edge of the mantle section M but normally out of engagement with the head L. About the screw threaded upper portion of the shaft J is mounted the locking sleeve or nut M, screw threaded in conformity therewith. It is inwardly toothed in its upper portion, as at M and is further outwardly flared as at M. Received in the toothed recess M" is a locking member M having the teeth M as shown in Figure 4. The member M has a further depending non-cylindrical portion M which penetrates 9. correspondingly formed aperture M in the screw threaded upper end J of the shaft J. The nut M is thus locked against rotation in relation to the shaft J.

Mounted on the outwardly flared portion M of the nut M is the feed limiting plate which may be secured for example by the bolt 0 and adapted to be compressed between the plate 0 and the securing member M, whereby said securinto the interior of the The shaft is further axially with the oil ing member is held seated in the apertureM". The plate 0 is provided with a centering flange O to engage the inner edge of the outwardly flared portion M. The plate is further centrally depressed as at O and lugs O depend from. said central depression and penetrate between the teeth M", serving to prevent rotation of the plate in relation 'to the shaft J. Surrounding the head of the bolt 0 is a washer O theinterior aperture ofwhich conforms to the bolt head. It is exteriorly notohedas at O" to engage the inwardly projecting lug O on the plate. 0 is any suitable pin adapted to prevent upward movement of said washer.

The frame member A is provided about its upper edge with an outwardly projecting flange P provided with the opposed beveled faces P and P Seated upon the flange is a ring P generally conforming to said faces. P indicates a ring of channel iron outwardly surrounding the housing or frame member A Passing through it and through the flange P and the member P are a plurality of securing bolts or pins P upwardly headed as at P and provided with adjusting and lock nuts P beneath the channel ring P. P' indicates spiral compression springs coiled about said pins P It will be understood that the springs I are compressed between the flange P and the ring P and thereby exert, through the nuts P" and the bolts P" downward compression 80 against the ring P whereby it is held normally locked against the flange P.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, P in t uid members which have as one function the guiding or centering or maintaining of the bowl supporting structure in position upon the frame A and particularly in position upon the upper portion P thereof. The member P" is provided with a supporting collar P and a downwardly extending lower portion P" which is shown, in Fig- 40 ure 2, as penetrating and guiding the upper end of one of the springs P others of said springs being aligned upon and guided by the securing bolts or pins P It will be understood that whereas the bowl structure may tilt upwardly from the frame in any given point about the frame, the upward tilt is not in practice sufficient to cause the members P to clear the top of the guiding pins P The ring P is screw threaded as at P" to conform to the opposed screw threaded member Q on the concave supporting element Q. Q is any suitable mantle, secured to said concave, forexample, by means of the ears Q, the bolts Q and the lock nuts Q". It will be understood that the to spring is completely crushed down and serves to take up any play which might otherwise arise from wear. The concave supporting element Q includes a bowl member proper. indicated as Q and a cylindrical portion Q together with connecting webs Q. The bolts Q are shown as passing through the sleeves Q" which may, if desired, be associated with such connecting webs.

It will be noted that the axes of the bolts Q are upwardly and inwardly inclined toward the center or central axis of the crusher. Q is a dust guard downwardly depending from the ring P and provided with a packing or wiping member Q in engagement with the outer surface of the member Q. Mounted upon the upper portion of the member Q is the generally cylindrical feed housing Q with the flat bottom Q. Q. is a further guard resting upon the member P and provided with packing means Q" in engagement with the cylindrical wall of the feed housing Q". '16

-ber Q and the Integral with the supporting element Q are a plurality of upwardly and outwardly extending lugs Q into which are screw threaded the screws Q 9, the upper flange Q" of the member Q" being apertured as at Q to allow passage of the screw threaded portion of the screws Q". Tightening of the screws will securely lock the threaded members P and Q.

S is a feed spout mounted in a feed plate S which is adjustable in relation to the housing Q? for example by means of the screw threaded pins S and the lock nuts 8.

Integral with the member P is an outwardly and upwardly projecting lug T having a smaller outward lu'g T The lug T is apertured to receive a shaft '1', to which wheel 'I' and the lower portion T of the ratchet clutch T T is a dog pivotally mounted to the lug T and held in engagement with the ratchet wheel T by the spring '1'".

Rotatable about the shaft T, and mounted between the lug T and the ratchet wheel 'I' is a lever adjustable bracket T having a curved portion '1 with a plurality of holes '1 adapted to receive a pin T having a head T".

As will be clear from Figure 2 this bracket extends outwardly to the projecting lug T and is in adjustable relationship with the member Q through the pins T mounted in the lugs T, such that the pins T can be removed to permit rotation of Q during adjustment thereof.

Integral with the member Q and extending outwardly, are a plurality of lugs T apertured as at T to receive the pin T. A circular flange T integral with Q, carries upwardly extending pins T adapted to engage the ring T" of the chain T the chain being wound around and securely fastened to the shaft '1 as shown in Figure 2.

As will be seen in Figure 1 the flange T extends outwardly from the lower edge of the mempins T to which the ends of the chains T may be secured, by the loops T", extend upwardly about Q Screw threaded into the cap C is an oil duct U in communication with an oil pump, not shown in the drawings, and screw threaded into the shaft housing E and housing E are oil drain pipes U leading to any suitable oil reservoir, not herein shown.

' Referring to Figures '7 and 8, I have shown an additional means for adjusting the mantle Q in relation to the crushing head, which may be added to the larger-machines in addition to the adjusting means above described.

W indicates a lug vertically apertured as at W the lug projecting outwardly from the member P Two of such lugs project therefrom at diametrically opposed points. W indicates a pin seating in-the aperture W and connected to or formed integrally with a horizontal cylinder W Mounted in the cylinder is the screw W with an inner flange W abutting against the end W of the cylinder W The end W is apertured as at W", to receive the cylindrical extension W of the screw W It in turn is externally screw threaded as at W to receive a head W which is locked thereupon and which is keyed thereto and which is provided with the handle W whereby the screw W may be rotated. W indicates a second cylindrical sleeve adapted to penetrate the opposite end of the sleeve W. The penetrating end is screw threaded as at W for engagement with the screw W Its opposite end is provided with the adjacent lugs W. The ends is secured the ratchet of said lugs are joined by the plate w" which is pivoted as at W to one flange and is slotted as at W" to engage the bolt W upon the other lug.

The use and operation of my invention areas 5 follows:

I illustrate a cone crusher of the general type shown, for example, in my Patent No. 1,592,313.

In a crusher of this type the adjustment of the closest approachof cone and concave becomes 10 extremely important. Since the material discharged is sized by such closest approach, a practically uniform sizing is obtained. However, the size of produce desired shifts from time to time. for example, in gravel pit work, and it becomes '15 desirable to obtain a quick adjustment of the device. I provide means for adjusting it without interrupting the operation of the machine; The concave Q carries a screw threaded upwardlyprojecting member Q which is in engagement 20 with the opposed screw threaded portion P of a holding member P which normally rests on the upper edge of the frame A In order to effect a withdrawal of the concave from the cone,

I impart a rotary movement-to the concave in 25 relation to such holding member. I illustrate alternative means for effecting this adjustment and it will be understood that in a larger size of machine, both means may be employed, or either meansmay be employed alone.

Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the preferred normal adjustment, namely, means for rotating the concave through rotation of the vertically axised drum T As the drum is rotated, it winds in any suitable flexible member, for example the 35 chain'T the terminal eyelet T", which engages one of the pins T Thus in response to rotation of the drum T, the concave is positively rotated and its screw. threaded relation with its holding member moves it toward or away from the 40 cone. Obviously the direction of rotation may be controlled at will, depending on the point at which the eyelet T" is attached.

In order to prevent relative rotation of concave and holding member when adjustment is 45 not desired, I may employ the screws Q Tightening of the screws will securely lock the threaded members P and Q.

It will be understood that when P and Q arelocked together or held against rotary move- 50 ment, that they act as-one member. The number and strength of the springs P is normally such as to hold the concave in fixed relation to the cone. In case of abnormal crushing stresses, or when uncrushable material passes. through 5 the crushing zone, the springs serve as a release means and permit the concave and its supporting member to tilt upwardly away from the cone. An additional or alternative adjustment is shown in Figures 7 and 8. be applied as an additional adjusting means to the larger sizes of crusher. In employing this form of adjustment, the screws Q are loosened to permit relative movement of the threaded members P and Q Rotation of the handle W will impart longitudinal movement to the cylinder W". This movement is imparted, through the lugs W and the pin T to the member Q In the larger machines the lever T", lugs T .etc., may be omitted as the parts will be locked against rotation bythe arrangement shown in Figures 7 and 8. The cone member L is locked upon the upward portion of the shaft J and at the same time the mantle is held upon the cone by means It may. for example, 60

of the compression sleeve M slidable along the cylindrical portion J of the shaft. The compression member M is thrust downwardly against the mantle member M in response to ro- 5 tation of the nut member M. when the desired adjustment or compression has been obtained,

the member M may be held against rotation,

for example by means of the transverse locking device M which penetrates the aperture M in the upper end of the shaft J. Its outwardly projecting teeth M penetrate between the teeth M' formed in the upper portion of the member As afeed or deflector plate, I employ the gen- 15 erally flat disc 0, which is bolted into the upper end of the shaft and which rests upon the outwardly projecting flanges of the member M The cone L is formed with a spherical bearing surface L resting upon and conforming to the an opposed spherical supporting bearing surface H It is vital that the access of dust or grit to the main spherical bearing surface be prevented, and I therefore employ a. circumferential sump, which is outwardly bounded by the flange H with a spherical bearing surface concentric with the main bearing surface H Resting by gravity upon the outer spherical bearing surface H is a heavy ring L", the lower surface of which is spherical. This ring rubs back and forth upon the spherical surface of the flange as the cone is gyrated. Its upward projecting' flange L" is in slidable relation with the cone, being confined against lateral movement by the slot L. L

, indicates a felt packing. Oil is delivered to the circumferential oil duct L and passes thence through the liner L- through the oiling apertures L' As the oil is wiped outwardly into the sump by the gyration of the cone, it drains downwardly through the apertures H 40 I claim:

l. The association with a gyratory crusher having a head and a gyrated shaft upon which said head is mounted, of a securing sleeve for said head screw threaded to the upper portion of said shaft, and a feed limiting plate engaging the top of said sleeve and means for securing it in relation thereto, the upper portion of said sleeve being outwardly flared to receive said plate.

2. In a gyratory crusher having a head and a surrounding concave, a shaft and means for gyrating it, a head seated upon said shaft, a mantle seated upon said head, and means for holding head and mantle upon the shaft, including a sleeve slidable upon said shaft above said head I and mantle and adapted to direct pressure thereagainst, a member screw threaded to said shaft 4 above said sleeve,'said member being provided with a plurality of recesses, a transverse securing element adapted to seat in said recesses, and means for holding it against rotation in relation to the end of said shaft.

3. In a gyratory crusher having a head and a surrounding concave, a shaft and means for gyrating it, a head seated upon said shaft, a mantle seated upon said head, and means for holding head and mantle upon the shaft, including a sleeve slidable upon said shaft above said head and mantle and adapted to direct pressure thereagainst, a member screw threaded to said shaft above said sleeve, and means for holding said member against rotation in relation to said shaft, comprising a toothed holding element, the upper end of the shaft being formed to receive it, and hold it against rotation, the screw threaded member being provided with recesses adapted to receive the teeth thereof. w

4. In a gyratory crusher having a head and a surrounding concave, a shaft and means for-gyrating it, a head seated upon said shaft, a mantle 5 seated upon said head,'a.nd means for holding head and mantle upon the shaft, including a sleeve slidable upon said shaft above said head and, ,mantle and adapted to direct pressure ther'eagainst, a member screw threaded to said 10 shaft above said sleeve, and means for holdin said member against rotation in relation to said shaft, comprising a toothed holding element, the upper end of the shaft being formed to receive it, and hold it against rotation, the screw threaded 15 member being provided with recesses adapted to receive the teeth thereof, a feed limiting plate positioned uponthe upper end of the screw threaded member and a holding member therefor penetrating the upper end of the shaft, and yielding 20 means, compressed between the plate and the toothed holding element, adapted to maintain said holding element in position in the slotted end of the shaft.

5. In a gyratory crusher, a head and means for 25 gyrating it, a support for said head, having a main concave spherical bearing surface, the under side of said head being formed to conform thereto, a circumferential oil sump surrounding said bearing surface, a second bearing surface positioned ex- 30 teriorly of said oil sump and concentric with the main bearing surface and a closure ring, mounted on said head, said ring including an upwardly extending portion in slidable relation with said head and a. laterally extended downwardly spher- 35 ically surfaced portion in engagement with said outer bearing surface.

6. In a gyratory crusher, a head and means for gyrating it, a support for said head, having a main concave spherical bearing surface, the un- 0 3 der side of. said head being formed to conform thereto, a circumferential oil sump surrounding said bearing surface, a second bearing surface positioned exteriorly of said oil sump and concentric with the main bearing surface and a closure 45 ring, mounted on said head, said ring including an upwardly extending portion in slidable relation with said head and a laterally extended downwardly spherically surfaced portion in engagement with said outer bearing surface, and

means for limiting the downward movement of said ring in relation to said cone.

7. In a closure ring for use with a crusher having a gyratory head, a ring body having a laterally extended downwardly convex spherical bearing 55 surface, and a headengaging flange projecting upwardly therefrom, said flange having positioned in one face a. circumferential packing member.

8. In a closure ring for use with a gyratory crusher, a ring body having a laterally extending downwardly convex spherical bearing surface and a flange upwardly projecting from said body intermediate its edges.

9. In a closure ring for use with a gyratory cone crusher, a ring body having a laterally ex- 65 tending downwardly convex spherical bearing surface and a flange upwardly projecting from said body intermediate its edges, said flange having positioned in one face thereof a circumferential packing member.

10. In a gyratory crusher, a head and means for gyrating it, a support for said head, having a main concave spherical bearing surface, the under side of said head being formed to conform thereto, a circumferential oil sump surrounding 75 said bearing surface, a second bearing surface positioned exteriorly of said oil sump and concentric with the main bearing surface and a closure ring mounted for vertical movement in relation to said head and adapted for engagement with said outer bearing surface.

11. In a gyratory crusher, a head and means rounding said bearing surface, a second bearing member positioned exterioriyof said oil sump, and a closure ring, normally movable in relation to said first mentioned bearing member and the head, positioned in sealing contact with the said second bearing member and head, said closure ring being supported upon said second bearing member and being slidable in relation to the head.

12. In a gyratory crusher, a head and means for gyrating it, a support for said head, having a main concave spherical bearing surface, the under side of said head being formed to conform thereto, a circumferential oil sump member surrounding said bearing surface, a second bearing member positioned exteriorly of said oil sump, and a closure ring, movable in relation to said bearing member and the head, positioned in sealing contact with the bearing member and head and vertically movable in relation to said head.

13. In a gyratory crusher, a circumferential and normally fixed main frame member, a crushing head positioned within said frame member and means for gyrating it, a bowl surrounding said head and tiltably mounted upon said frame memthe tilting connection between intersecting the eifective crushing surface of said bowl beneath its top and passan outer bearing surface on ed upon the frame membenthe plane of the tilting connection between bowl and frame member intersecting the effective crushing surface of the bowl below the upper edge thereof and passing above the effective crushing portion of the head, and yielding means adapted normally to hold said bowl against movement in relation to said frame member, said means being adapted to permit said bowl to tilt in relation to said frame member and crushing head, in response to predetermined crushing stresses in the crushing space defined by bowl and mantle. 15. In a gyratory crusher, ahead and means for yrating it, a support for said head including a supporting means positioned beneath the head and a bearing connection between said supportingmeans and the lower portion of the head, a closure member surrounding said bearing means, said closure member, and a closure ring, movably to said head, in wiping engagement with said outer bearing surface, said closure ring having a laterally extended downwardly convex spherical bearing surface portion, and head engaging means mounted in relation projecting upwardly therefrom, said head being 25 apertured slidably to receive said head engaging means.

16. In a gyratory crusher, a crushing head and means for gyrating it, a support for saidhead,

having a main concave spherical bearing surface, 30

the under side of said head being formed to concircumferential oil sump surrounding said bearing surface, a second bearing positioned exteriorly of said oil sump and concentric with the main bearing surface, and a 35 and normally relation to said head and to said main bearing surface, in-engagementwith said supporting means closure ring, in wiping engagement with said outer bearing surface, and supported upon said outer EDGAR B. SYMONS.

' bearing surface and slidably mounted in the head. 50

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