US20140374497A1 - Heat source system, control device thereof, and control method thereof - Google Patents

Heat source system, control device thereof, and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140374497A1
US20140374497A1 US14/376,594 US201314376594A US2014374497A1 US 20140374497 A1 US20140374497 A1 US 20140374497A1 US 201314376594 A US201314376594 A US 201314376594A US 2014374497 A1 US2014374497 A1 US 2014374497A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
heat source
power consumption
power
demand
equipment
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Abandoned
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US14/376,594
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English (en)
Inventor
Satoshi Nikaido
Kenji Ueda
Kazuki Wajima
Yasushi Hasegawa
Yoshie Togano
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Thermal Systems Ltd
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Assigned to MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. reassignment MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HASEGAWA, YASUSHI, NIKAIDO, Satoshi, Togano, Yoshie, UEDA, KENJI, WAJIMA, KAZUKI
Publication of US20140374497A1 publication Critical patent/US20140374497A1/en
Assigned to MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES THERMAL SYSTEMS, LTD. reassignment MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES THERMAL SYSTEMS, LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F24F11/02—
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/76—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by means responsive to temperature, e.g. bimetal springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat
    • F24D2200/22—Ventilation air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
    • F24F2140/60—Energy consumption
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/13—Economisers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/05—Cost reduction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/021—Inverters therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat source system, a control device thereof, a control method thereof, a power adjustment network system, and a control device of heat source equipment.
  • PTL 1 discloses a method of lowering an operating frequency of a compressor of one piece of outdoor equipment when a current value of a power supply line is greater than a current limit value in the demand control of plural pieces of outdoor equipment connected to the same power supply line.
  • a large-scale air-conditioning facility introduced into a building or the like which uses a turbo refrigerator as a heat source.
  • a turbo refrigerator as a heat source
  • the total power of a system may be contracted and thus the power consumption of the system needs to be controlled so as not to be greater than the contracted power.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a heat source system that can suppress system power consumption so as to be equal to or less than contracted power when a refrigerator is used as a heat source, a control device thereof, a control method thereof, a power adjustment network system, and a control device of heat source equipment.
  • a control device of a heat source system having at least one piece of heat source equipment that heats or cools heat source water depending on a set temperature and that supplies the heated or cooled heat source water to load equipment, including: power monitoring means for monitoring power consumption of the heat source system; and demand restricting means for performing demand restriction by raising or lowering the set temperature so as to decrease power consumption of the heat source equipment when the power consumption of the heat source system is greater than a first power threshold value set to a value lower than that of contracted power.
  • the demand restricting means may lower or raise the set temperature so as to increase the power consumption of the heat source equipment when the power consumption of the heat source system is less than a second power threshold value set to a value equal to or less than the first power threshold value, and may maintain the set temperature when a current set temperature reaches a predetermined reference set temperature.
  • the set temperature is forced to rise or fall so as to increase the power consumption of the heat source equipment. Accordingly, it is possible to cause the temperature of the heat source water to approach the reference set temperature.
  • the demand restricting means may lower the set temperature so as not to be less than a predetermined lower limit value when the heat source equipment heats the heat source water, and may raise the set temperature so as not to be greater than a predetermined upper limit value when the heat source equipment cools the heat source water.
  • the set temperature is provided with a limit value, and a control of maintaining the limit value is performed when the set temperature is changed by the demand restricting means and the set temperature reaches the limit value. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the heat source water supplied to the load equipment from exceeding the limit value.
  • the control device of a heat source system may further include demand restriction stopping means for stopping the demand restriction by the demand restricting means.
  • the demand restriction when the performing of the demand restriction is not desired, the demand restriction can be stopped by activating the demand restriction stopping means.
  • the control device of a heat source system may further include electrical water supply means for adjusting a flow rate of the heat source water supplied from an external apparatus to the heat source equipment, and the demand restricting means may hold a rotation speed of the water supply means in a period in which the power consumption of the heat source system is greater than the first power threshold value.
  • the demand restricting means holds the rotation speed of the water supply means and it is thus possible to prevent an increase in power consumption due to an increase in rotation speed of the water supply means.
  • the demand restricting means may stop an operation of predetermined heat source equipment when the power consumption of the heat source system is greater than a third power threshold value set to a value greater than the first power threshold value and lower than the contracted power.
  • the demand restricting means may perform a control of reducing power consumption of an electrical instrument of the load equipment in a period in which the power consumption of the heat source system is greater than the first power threshold value.
  • the power consumption of the electrical instrument of the load equipment is reduced by the demand restricting means. Accordingly, it is possible to further reduce the power consumption of the heat source system.
  • the control device of a heat source system may further include power predicting means for predicting future power consumption from behavior of the power consumption of the heat source system in a predetermined previous period, and the demand restricting means may start the demand restriction when the predicted power consumption after a predetermined period passes from the present time is greater than the first power threshold value.
  • future power consumption is predicted from behavior of the power consumption of the heat source system in a predetermined previous period by the power predicting means.
  • the demand restricting means performs the demand restriction when the predicted power consumption after a predetermined period passes from the present time is greater than the first power threshold value. Accordingly, it is possible to preliminarily perform the demand restriction and it is thus possible to prevent the power consumption of the heat source system from reaching the contracted power.
  • a control method of a heat source system having at least one piece of heat source equipment that heats or cools heat source water depending on a set temperature and that supplies the heated or cooled heat source water to load equipment, including: monitoring power consumption of the heat source system; and performing demand restriction by raising or lowering the set temperature so as to decrease power consumption of the heat source equipment when the power consumption of the heat source system is greater than a first power threshold value set to a value lower than that of contracted power.
  • a heat source system including the above-mentioned control device of the heat source system.
  • a heat source system having at least one piece of heat source equipment that heats or cools heat source water depending on a set temperature and that supplies the heated or cooled heat source water to load equipment, including: heat source equipment control means that is disposed to correspond to the at least one piece of heat source equipment so as to control the corresponding heat source equipment; and system control means for giving a control command to the heat source equipment control means, wherein the system control means includes power monitoring means for monitoring power consumption of the heat source system, and notification means for giving a demand restriction start command to the heat source equipment control means when the power consumption of the heat source system is greater than a first power threshold value set to a value lower than that of contracted power, and wherein the heat source equipment control means includes demand restricting means for performing demand restriction by raising or lowering the set temperature so as to decrease the power consumption when the demand restriction start command is given.
  • a power adjustment network system including: the above-mentioned plural heat source systems; and a central monitor device that is connected to control devices of the heat source systems via a communication medium, wherein the first power threshold value is given from the central monitor device to the control devices of the heat source systems.
  • a control device of heat source equipment that heats or cools heat source water depending on a set temperature and that supplies the heated or cooled heat source water to load equipment, including: power monitoring means for monitoring power consumption of the heat source equipment; and demand restricting means for performing demand restriction by raising or lowering the set temperature so as to decrease the power consumption of the heat source equipment when the power consumption of the heat source equipment is greater than a first power threshold value set to a value lower than that of contracted power.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating an overall configuration of a heat source system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of heat source equipment illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a control system of the heat source system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram illustrating principal elements relevant to a demand restricting function of heat source equipment among functions of a system control device illustrated in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a demand restriction of the heat source system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an effect of the heat source system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating another aspect of a demand restricting function in the heat source system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating demand restriction of a heat source system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating demand restriction of a heat source system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a functional block diagram illustrating principal elements relevant to a demand restricting function of heat source equipment among functions of a system control device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating prediction of power consumption that is performed by a power predicting unit illustrated in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a power adjustment network system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a heat source system 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the heat source system 1 includes load equipment 3 , heat source equipment 2 a , 2 b , and 2 c , and a system control device 20 .
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example where three pieces of heat source equipment are installed, but the number of pieces of heat source equipment may be arbitrarily set.
  • Examples of the load equipment 3 include air-conditioning equipment, hot-water supply equipment, and plant equipment.
  • the respective pieces of heat source equipment 2 a , 2 b , and 2 c heat or cool heat source water on the basis of a set temperature which is set by the system control device 20 and supply the heated or cooled heat source water to the load equipment 3 .
  • the heat source water may be a liquid medium other than water.
  • Cool water pumps (water supply means) 4 a , 4 b , and 4 c that supply heat source water are disposed on the upstream side of the respective heat source equipment 2 a , 2 b , and 2 c in a flow of the cool water.
  • the cool water from a return header 6 is supplied to the pieces of heat source equipment 2 a , 2 b , and 2 c by the cool water pumps 4 a , 4 b , and 4 c .
  • the cool water pumps 4 a , 4 b , and 4 c are driven by an inverter motor (not illustrated). Accordingly, the flow rates are controlled by changing the rotation speed thereof.
  • a supply header 5 collects cool water obtained by the respective pieces of heat source equipment 2 a , 2 b , and 2 c .
  • the cool water collected in the supply header 5 is supplied to the load equipment 3 .
  • the cool water which is used for air-conditioning in the load equipment 3 and of which the temperature is raised is sent to the return header 6 .
  • the cool water is branched by the return header 6 and is sent to the pieces of heat source equipment 2 a , 2 b , and 2 c.
  • a bypass pipe 7 is disposed between the supply header 5 and the return header 6 .
  • a degree of opening of a bypass valve 8 disposed in the bypass pipe 7 it is possible to adjust an amount of cool water supplied to the load equipment 3 .
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic configuration in which a turbo refrigerator is used as an example of each piece of heat source equipment 2 a , 2 b , and 2 c .
  • a turbo refrigerator is used as an example of each piece of heat source equipment 2 a , 2 b , and 2 c .
  • the configuration illustrated in FIG. 2 is an example and, for example, a screw refrigerator may be employed instead of the turbo refrigerator.
  • the plural pieces of heat source equipment 2 a , 2 b , and 2 c may employ the same type of heat source equipment or may employ plural types of heat source equipment.
  • the heat source equipment 2 a includes a turbo compressor 31 that compresses a refrigerant, a condenser 32 that condenses a high-temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the turbo compressor 31 , a subcooler 33 that supercools the liquid refrigerant condensed by the condenser 32 , a high-pressure expansion valve 34 that expands the liquid refrigerant from the subcooler 33 , an intermediate cooler 37 that is connected to the high-pressure expansion valve 34 and that is connected to an intermediate stage of the turbo compressor and a low-pressure expansion valve 35 , and an evaporator 36 that evaporates the liquid refrigerant expanded by the low-pressure expansion valve 35 .
  • a turbo compressor 31 that compresses a refrigerant
  • a condenser 32 that condenses a high-temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the turbo compressor 31
  • a subcooler 33 that supercools the liquid refrigerant condensed by the condenser 32
  • the turbo compressor 31 is a centrifugal two-step compressor and is driven by an electric motor 39 of which the rotation speed is controlled by an inverter 38 .
  • the output of the inverter 38 is controlled by a heat source equipment control device 10 a .
  • the turbo compressor 31 may be a fixed-speed compressor of which the rotation speed is fixed.
  • a refrigerant inlet of the turbo compressor 31 is provided with an inlet guide vane (hereinafter, referred to as “IGV”) 40 that controls an inlet refrigerant flow rate and it is thus possible to control the capacity of the heat source equipment 2 a.
  • IGV inlet guide vane
  • the condenser 32 is provided with a pressure sensor 51 for measuring a condensed refrigerant pressure Pc.
  • the output of the pressure sensor 51 is transmitted to the heat source equipment control device 10 a.
  • the subcooler 33 is disposed on the downstream side of the condenser 32 in the refrigerant flow so as to supercool the condensed refrigerant.
  • a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature Ts of the supercooled refrigerant is disposed just on the downstream side of the subcooler 33 in the refrigerant flow.
  • a cooling heat-transfer tube 41 for cooling the condenser 32 and the subcooler 33 is inserted into the condenser and the subcooler.
  • a coolant flow rate F2 is measured by a flowmeter 54
  • a coolant outlet temperature Tcout is measured by a temperature sensor 55
  • a coolant inlet temperature Tcin is measured by a temperature sensor 56 .
  • the heat of the coolant is exhausted in a cooling tower (not illustrated) to the outside and then the coolant is guided to the condenser 32 and the subcooler 33 again.
  • the intermediate cooler 37 is provided with a pressure sensor 57 for measuring an intermediate pressure Pm.
  • the evaporator 36 is provided with a pressure sensor 58 for measuring an evaporating pressure Pe.
  • Cool water of a rated temperature (for example, 7° C.) is obtained by causing the evaporator 36 to absorb the heat thereof.
  • a coolant heat-transfer tube 42 for cooling the cool water supplied to an external equipment 3 (see FIG. 1 ) is inserted into the evaporator 36 .
  • a cool water flow rate F1 is measured by a flowmeter 59
  • a cool water outlet temperature Tout is measured by a temperature sensor 60
  • a cool water inlet temperature Tin is measured by a temperature sensor 61 .
  • a hot gas bypass pipe 43 is disposed between a gas phase unit of the condenser 32 and a gas phase unit of the evaporator 36 .
  • a hot gas bypass valve 44 for controlling a flow rate of the refrigerant flowing in the hot gas bypass pipe 43 is disposed therein.
  • the condenser 32 and the subcooler 33 are provided and heat exchange between the cooled coolant and the refrigerant is carried out by exhausting the heat to the outside in the cooling tower, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
  • an air heat exchanger may be provided instead of the condenser 32 and the subcooler 33 and heat exchange between external air and the refrigerant may be carried out by the air heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a control system of the heat source system 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • the heat source equipment control devices 10 a , 10 b , and 10 c which are the control devices of the respective pieces of heat source equipment 2 a , 2 b , and 2 c are connected to the system control device 20 via a communication medium 21 so as to interactively communicate with each other as illustrated in FIG. 3 .
  • the system control device 20 is a control device for controlling the whole heat source system, and has a demand restricting function of restricting demands so that the power consumption of the whole system is not greater than the contracted power and a piece number control function of controlling the number of pieces of heat source equipment 2 a , 2 b , and 2 c which will be activated for a request load of the load equipment 3 .
  • the system control device 20 and the heat source equipment control devices 10 a , 10 b , and 10 c are embodied, for example, by computers and each include a central processing unit (CPU), a main storage device such as a random access memory (RAM), an auxiliary storage device, and a communication device that transmits and receives information by communication with external devices.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • main storage device such as a random access memory (RAM)
  • auxiliary storage device such as a random access memory (RAM)
  • auxiliary storage device such as a random access memory (RAM)
  • communication device that transmits and receives information by communication with external devices.
  • the auxiliary storage device is a computer-readable recording medium and examples thereof include a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disc, a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, and a semiconductor memory.
  • Various programs are stored in the auxiliary storage device and various processes are carried out by causing the CPU to read the programs from the auxiliary storage device to the main storage device.
  • FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram illustrating primary elements relevant to the demand restricting function among the functions of the system control device 20 .
  • the system control device 20 includes a storage unit 22 , a power monitoring unit 23 , and a demand restricting unit 24 as principal elements.
  • the storage unit 22 stores a first power threshold value set to a value lower than the contracted power, a second power threshold value set to a value equal to or less than the first power threshold value, and a reference set temperature (for example, 5° C.).
  • the reference set temperature is a set temperature as a reference of the water supply temperature of the cool water supplied from the respective pieces of heat source equipment 2 a , 2 b , and 2 c to the load equipment 3 .
  • the power monitoring unit 23 monitors the power consumption of the heat source system (hereinafter, referred to as “system power consumption”). For example, a multi-meter is attached to a main power supply system of the heat source system and the system power consumption is monitored by inputting the measured value to the system control device 20 .
  • the demand restricting unit 24 performs demand restriction so that the system power consumption monitored by the power monitoring unit 23 is not greater than the contracted power. For example, when the system power consumption is greater than the first power threshold value stored in the storage unit 22 , the demand restricting unit 24 performs the demand restriction by raising the set temperature of the water supply temperature. In this case, when the system power consumption is greater than the first power threshold value, the set temperature which is the target value of the water supply temperature is changed so as to decrease the power consumption. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce a head differential pressure of the compressor and thus to reduce the power of the compressor. As a result, it is possible to suppress the power consumption of the pieces of heat source equipment 2 a , 2 b , and 2 c.
  • the demand restricting unit 24 lowers the set temperature. Accordingly, it is possible to cause the water supply temperature of the cool water supplied to the load equipment 3 to approach the reference set temperature.
  • the demand restricting unit 24 of the system control device 20 raises the set temperature at a predetermined rate.
  • the changed set temperature is transmitted from the system control device 20 to the heat source equipment control devices 10 a , 10 b , and 10 c and each piece of heat source equipment 2 a , 2 b , and 2 c is controlled on the basis of the changed set temperature. Accordingly, the system power consumption is changed so as to slowly decrease with a delay more or less (see time t1 to time t2 in FIG. 5 ).
  • the demand restricting unit 24 of the system control device 20 lowers the set temperature at a predetermined rate.
  • the changed set temperature is transmitted from the system control device 20 to the heat source equipment control devices 10 a , 10 b , and 10 c and each piece of heat source equipment 2 a , 2 b , and 2 c is controlled on the basis of the changed set temperature.
  • the power consumption of the respective pieces of heat source equipment 2 a , 2 b , and 2 c increases.
  • the demand restricting unit 24 of the system control device 20 raises the set temperature at a predetermined rate.
  • the system power consumption slowly decreases.
  • the demand restricting unit 24 of the system control device 20 lowers the set temperature at a predetermined rate.
  • the set temperature reaches the reference set temperature, the reference set temperature is maintained.
  • the set temperature is slowly raised and lowered at the predetermined rate, but the method of raising and lowering the set temperature is not limited to this example.
  • the set temperature may be slowly raised and lowered in a steplike manner.
  • the first power threshold value and the second power threshold value are set to different values, but the first power threshold value and the second power threshold value may be set to the same value.
  • the system power consumption is monitored and the set temperature of the cool water in the heat source equipment is raised when the system power consumption is greater than the first power threshold value. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the head differential pressure of the compressor in each heat source equipment and thus to suppress the power consumption of each heat source equipment. As a result, it is possible to lower the system power consumption and to prevent the system power consumption from exceeding the contracted power.
  • the head differential pressure of the compressor decreases, the operating point is changed, and the load-power consumption characteristic exhibits a curve expressed by a thick line. That is, by decreasing the head differential pressure, it is possible to move the load-power consumption characteristic so as to decrease the power consumption.
  • the load factor is changed. That is, when the cool water outlet temperature at a load factor of 100% is 5° C. and the set temperature (the cool water outlet temperature) is changed to 7° C., the load factor decreases from 100% to 60%. Accordingly, as illustrated in FIG. 6 , it is possible to further reduce the power consumption.
  • the demand restricting unit 24 lowers the set temperature when the system power consumption is greater than the first power threshold value, and raises the set temperature when the system power consumption is less than the second power threshold value. Accordingly, it is possible to achieve the same effect.
  • priority may be given to the supply of cool water of a predetermined temperature or lower to the load equipment 3 rather than the control of the power consumption so as not to be greater than the contracted power.
  • a predetermined temperature or lower For example, in a department store or the like, when the temperature of cool water excessively rises, the indoor temperature rises to cause clients to feel unpleasant.
  • an aspect in which an upper limit value of the set temperature at the time of performing the demand restriction is stored in advance in the storage unit 22 and the set temperature is maintained at the upper limit value when the set temperature reaches the upper limit value may be employed. In this way, by setting the upper limit value, it is possible to prevent the temperature of cool water from rising to be higher than the upper limit value.
  • a lower limit value of the set temperature may be set to prevent the set temperature from falling to be lower than the lower limit value.
  • a demand restriction stopping unit 25 for stopping the demand restriction may be provided and the demand restriction may not be performed when the demand restriction stopping unit 25 operates.
  • the stop and the release of the stop of the demand restriction by the demand restriction stopping unit may be set, for example, on the basis of input information input from an operator.
  • the system control device 20 performs the demand restriction by raising the set temperature of cool water.
  • the set temperature of cool water when the set temperature of cool water is raised, an amount of heat in the load equipment 3 may be deficient. In this case, this deficiency in the amount of heat may be solved by increasing the flow rate of cool water.
  • the rotation speeds of the cool water pumps provided to correspond to the respective pieces of heat source equipment 2 a , 2 b , and 2 c increase and the demand restriction based on the set temperature of cool water may not effectively work.
  • the rotation speed of the cool water pumps is held to prevent an increase in power consumption in the cool water pump.
  • the demand restricting unit of the system control device 20 holds a frequency command of the cool water pumps in a period in which the system power consumption is greater than the first power threshold value and less than the second power threshold value as illustrated in FIG. 8 . Accordingly, it is possible to prevent an increase in power of the cool water pumps 4 a , 4 b , and 4 c due to an increase in the flow rate of cool water on the load equipment 3 side and thus to effectively reflect the demand restriction based on the change in the set temperature in the system power consumption.
  • a third power threshold value set to a value greater than the first power threshold value and less than the contracted power may be additionally stored in the storage unit 22 and the demand restricting unit 24 may forcibly stop at least one of the pieces of heat source equipment in operation when the system power consumption is greater than the third power threshold value, as illustrated in FIG. 9 .
  • the demand restricting unit 24 may restart the heat source equipment which has been forcibly stopped when the system power consumption is less than the second power threshold value.
  • a heat source system according to this embodiment is different from the heat source systems according to the above-mentioned embodiments, in that the demand restricting unit 24 of the system control device 20 performs the demand restriction according to any one of the first to third embodiments and the control of decreasing the power of various electrical instruments (not illustrated) of the load equipment 3 when the system power consumption is greater than the first power threshold value.
  • the load equipment 3 when the load equipment 3 is an air-conditioning facility, the volume of air blown indoor is changed by changing the rotation speed of a fan.
  • the demand restricting unit 24 achieves the further suppression of the system power consumption by changing the set temperature in the heat source equipment and decreasing the frequency of the electrical instrument in the load equipment 3 .
  • the demand restriction is carried out by comparing the current system power consumption with the power threshold values. In this case, a certain time is required until the system power consumption is reduced after the demand restriction is started. Accordingly, even when the demand restriction is carried out, there is a possibility that the system power consumption will be greater than the contracted power in some cases.
  • the system control device is provided with a power predicting unit 26 , as illustrated in FIG. 10 .
  • the power predicting unit 26 predicts future power consumption from behavior of the power consumption of the heat source system in a predetermined period T1 previous to the present time as illustrated in FIG. 11 .
  • the demand restricting unit 24 starts the demand restriction when the predicted power consumption after a predetermined period T2 elapses from the present time is greater than the first power threshold value.
  • the predetermined period T1 is a period that can be arbitrarily determined and is set to, for example, 30 minutes to 1 hour.
  • the predetermined period T2 is set to at least a time longer than the time delay until the system power consumption starts its decrease after the demand restriction is started.
  • the power predicting method in the power predicting unit 26 can employ a known prediction technique and, for example, the future power is predicted from a change rate of the system power consumption in a predetermined previous period.
  • the system control device 20 collectively performs the demand restriction of the respective pieces of heat source equipment, but the heat source equipment control devices 10 a , 10 b , and 10 c may be provided with the demand restriction functions so as to perform the demand restriction for each piece of heat source equipment.
  • the first power threshold value, the second power threshold value, and the like are set, for example, on the basis of limit power of the respective pieces of heat source equipment to which the contracted power of the whole system is distributed, and the above-mentioned demand restriction is carried out on the basis of the relationships between the power consumption of the respective pieces of heat source equipment and the first power threshold value and the second power threshold value.
  • the power consumption of the respective pieces of heat source equipment can be detected by attaching a multi-meter to the power supply system of the respective pieces of heat source equipment.
  • the system control device 20 may perform monitoring of the power consumption. That is, the system control device 20 may monitor the system power consumption and may give a demand restriction start command for starting the demand restriction to the respective heat source equipment control devices when the system power consumption is greater than the first power threshold value. In this way, the system control device may compare the system power consumption with the threshold values and may notify the comparison result to the respective heat source equipment control devices so as to carry out the demand restriction.
  • the pieces of heat source equipment may have different change rates of the set temperature.
  • a power adjustment network system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
  • the power adjustment network system includes the system control devices 20 a , 20 b , and 20 c of the plural heat source systems according to any one of the above-mentioned embodiments and a central monitor device 50 that is connected to the system control devices 20 a , 20 b , and 20 c of the heat source systems via a communication medium 51 .
  • the central monitor device 50 acquires the system power consumption from the respective system control devices 20 a , 20 b , and 20 c of the heat source systems, determines the first power threshold value on the basis of the acquired information and the contracted power, and transmits the first power threshold value to the respective system control devices 20 .
  • the central monitor device 50 increases the first power threshold value of the former heat source system and decreases the first power threshold value of the latter heat source system. In this way, by comparing the system power consumption values of the heat source systems and adjusting the first power threshold value of the heat source systems, it is possible to flexibly adjust power.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
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JP2012081013A JP5984456B2 (ja) 2012-03-30 2012-03-30 熱源システムの制御装置、熱源システムの制御方法、熱源システム、電力調整ネットワークシステム、及び熱源機の制御装置
JP2012-081013 2012-03-30
PCT/JP2013/052153 WO2013145844A1 (ja) 2012-03-30 2013-01-31 熱源システム及びその制御装置並びにその制御方法

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KR20140108576A (ko) 2014-09-11
JP5984456B2 (ja) 2016-09-06
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DE112013001841T5 (de) 2014-12-31
CN104126098A (zh) 2014-10-29

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