US20140102679A1

US20140102679A1 - Water-cooled condenser

Info

Publication number: US20140102679A1
Application number: US14/124,931
Authority: US
Inventors: Norimitsu Matsudaira; Eiichi Mori
Original assignee: Calsonic Kansei Corp
Current assignee: Marelli Corp
Priority date: 2011-06-10
Filing date: 2012-06-06
Publication date: 2014-04-17
Also published as: EP2730439B1; EP2730439A4; EP2730439A1; WO2012169504A1; JP5668610B2; JP2012254753A; CN103596785A; CN103596785B

Abstract

A water-cooled condenser that exchanges heat between refrigerant of an air conditioner for a vehicle and coolant, and then send the refrigerant out to a air-cooled condenser through a refrigerant outlet port. The refrigerant outlet port is connected with the air-cooled condenser at a position that doesn't overlap a bumper reinforcement arranged in front of the air-cooled condenser at a front section of the vehicle when viewed along an airflow direction toward the air-cooled condenser. In the water-cooled condenser, the refrigerant that flows into the air-cooled condenser through the refrigerant outlet port flows much at a position that doesn't overlap the bumper reinforcement, so that superior heat radiation performance can be brought by a sufficient cooling airflow volume. Therefore, total heat radiation performance achieved by the air-cooled condenser and the water-cooled condenser can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a water-cooled condenser, especially to a water-cooled condenser suitable for exchanging heat of refrigerant of an air-conditioner for a vehicle.

BACKGROUND ART

A Patent Document 1 and a Patent Document 2 listed below disclose a water-cooled condenser installed within a side tank of a sub-radiator. In addition, a Patent Document 3 listed below discloses an air-cooled condenser and a radiator arranged lower than a bumper reinforcement.

PRIOR ART DOCUMENT

Patent Documents

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-121604
Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-127508
Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-22474

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

In the configurations disclosed in the Patent Document 1 and the Patent Document 2, a bumper reinforcement is disposed at a front section of a vehicle for collision safety. Since front surfaces of the condenser and the sub-radiator are covered by the bumper reinforcement, cooling airflow volume reduces and thereby heat radiation performance reduces. In addition, a size of the sub-radiator becomes large due to the built-in water-cooled condenser in the side tank of the sub-radiator, so that designing of layout is restricted in a case of a vehicle whose front section has a relatively narrow space. In addition, a pipe(s) is protruded forward from the water-cooled condenser, so that arrangement of the bumper reinforcement in a front section of a vehicle becomes difficult and refrigerant leakage from the refrigerant pipe(s) protruded forward is apprehended in a slight collision to a front section of a vehicle.
In the configuration disclosed in the Patent Document 3, since the air-cooled condenser and the radiator are arranged lower than the bumper reinforcement, heat radiation performance is good due to a sufficient cooling airflow volume. However, installation of a water-cooled condenser is not considered in the configuration.
An object of the present invention is to provide a water-cooled condenser that can improve heat radiation performance and can be adapted to arrangement of a bumper reinforcement at a front section of a vehicle.
An aspect of the present invention provides a water-cooled condenser that exchanges heat between refrigerant of an air conditioner for a vehicle and coolant, and then send the refrigerant out to a air-cooled condenser through a refrigerant outlet port, wherein the refrigerant outlet port is connected with the air-cooled condenser at a position that doesn't overlap a bumper reinforcement arranged in front of the air-cooled condenser at a front section of the vehicle when viewed along an airflow direction toward the air-cooled condenser.
According to the aspect, since the refrigerant outlet port of the water-cooled condenser is connected with the air-cooled condenser at the position that doesn't overlap the bumper reinforcement, the refrigerant that flows into the air-cooled condenser through the refrigerant outlet port flows much at the position that doesn't overlap the bumper reinforcement and thereby superior heat radiation performance can be brought by a sufficient cooling airflow volume. Therefore, total heat radiation performance achieved by the air-cooled condenser and the water-cooled condenser can be improved and the water-cooled condenser can be adapted to arrangement of the bumper reinforcement at the front section of the vehicle.
Here, it is preferable that the refrigerant outlet port is disposed above or beneath the bumper reinforcement. Namely, the refrigerant outlet port is shifted vertically so as not to overlap the bumper reinforcement, and a position with a small refrigerant flow rate right next to the above-mentioned position where the refrigerant flows much overlaps the bumper reinforcement. As a result, affection by reduction of a cooling airflow volume can be restricted to a minimum to improve total heat radiation performance.
In addition, it is preferable that a sub-radiator for exchanging heat between the coolant and outside air is provided above or under the air-cooled condenser, and the bumper reinforcement is disposed so as to overlap a portion of the air-cooled condenser and a portion of the sub-radiator. According to this, affection by reduction of a cooling airflow volume can be dispensed to the air-cooled condenser and the sub-radiator, and a refrigerant pipe between the water-cooled condenser and the air-cooled condenser and a coolant pipe between the water-cooled condenser and the sub-radiator can be shortened.
Here, it is preferable that a coolant inlet port to the sub-radiator is disposed at a position that doesn't overlap the bumper reinforcement when viewed along the airflow direction. According to this, the coolant that flows into the sub-radiator through the coolant inlet port flows much at the position that doesn't overlap the bumper reinforcement and thereby superior heat radiation performance can be brought by a sufficient cooling airflow volume. As a result, temperature of the coolant used for the water-cooled condenser is reduced to improve total heat radiation performance achieved by the air-cooled condenser and the water-cooled condenser.
In addition, it is preferable that the water-cooled condenser is disposed on one side of the sub-radiator and the air-cooled condenser, and a liquid tank for accumulating part of the refrigerant is disposed on another side of the air-cooled condenser. According to this, the water-cooled condenser or the liquid tank can be prevented from contacting with the bumper reinforcement in a slight collision of a vehicle, and thereby refrigerant leakage can be prevented.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[FIG. 1] It is a front view of a combined heat exchanger including a water-cooled condenser according to a first embodiment.

[FIG. 2] It is a front view showing positions of a refrigerant inlet port and a refrigerant outlet port in the water-cooled condenser when measuring refrigerant flow rate.

[FIG. 3] It is a chart showing measured results of refrigerant flow rate.

[FIG. 4] It is a front view showing a modified example of a coolant flow passage in the first embodiment.

[FIG. 5] It is a front view of a combined heat exchanger including a water-cooled condenser according to a second embodiment.

[FIG. 6] It is a front view showing a modified example of a coolant flow passage in the second embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Hereinafter, a combined heat exchanger including a water-cooled condenser according to an embodiment(s) will be explained with reference to the drawings.
(First Embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 1, the combined heat exchanger 1 includes a sub-radiator 2, an in-compartment air-cooled condenser 3, and a water-cooled condenser 4. The sub-radiator 2 exchanges heat between coolant for cooling a heat-generating object (e.g. an inverter when a vehicle is an EV or an HEV) and outside air (to reduce temperature of the coolant). The air-cooled condenser 3 is disposed under the sub-radiator 2, and exchanges heat between refrigerant for air-conditioning and outside air (to reduce temperature of the refrigerant). The water-cooled condenser 4 is disposed beside (on a left side in FIG. 1) the sub-radiator 2 and the air-cooled condenser 3. A bumper reinforcement 9 for collision safety is disposed in front of the sub-radiator 2, the air-cooled condenser 3, and the water-cooled condenser 4.
The air-cooled condenser 3 includes a core 30, and a pair of a first tank 31 and a second tank 32. In the core 30, tubes and heat-radiation fins are vertically stacked alternately. The first tank 31 and the second tank 32 are attached to side ends of the core 30, respectively, and are communicated with the tubes. The air-cooled condenser 3 is a subcooling-type condenser, and the core 30 is divided into a condensing section 30 a on its upper side and a subcooling section 30 b on its lower side. Each inside of the first tank 31 and the second tank 32 is also partitioned into upper and lower sections in accordance with the condensing section 30 a and the subcooling section 30 b.
The refrigerant flows into the air-cooled condenser 3 from an upper portion of the first tank 31. The refrigerant flows through the condensing section 30 a rightward in FIG. 1, and then flows downward in the upper section of the second tank 32, and flows into the lower section of the second tank 32 via a liquid tank 33 connected with the second tank 32. The refrigerant flows into the subcooling section 30 b from the lower section of the second tank 32. The refrigerant flows through the subcooling section 30 b rightward in FIG. 1, and then flows out from the air-cooled condenser 3 via the lower section of the first tank 31. Note that the liquid tank 33 may be a gas-liquid separator for separating refrigerant liquid and refrigerant gas, or a modulator provided in a subcooling-type condenser.
The water-cooled condenser 4 in the present embodiment is connected with the sub-radiator 2 and the air-cooled condenser 3. A flow passage for the coolant and a flow passage for the refrigerant are separated with each other in the inside of the water-cooled condenser 4 and the coolant and the refrigerant are not mingled, but heat is exchanged between the coolant and the refrigerant (the refrigerant is cooled by the coolant).
The coolant that flows out from the sub-radiator 2 flows into an upper portion of the water-cooled condenser 4 through a flexible coolant flow-in pipe 5 disposed at an upper end of the water-cooled condenser 4. The coolant flows downward in an inner flow passage of the water-cooled condenser 4, and then flows out from a lower portion of the water-cooled condenser 4 through a coolant flow-out pipe 6 disposed at the lower portion of the water-cooled condenser 4 to return to the inverter.
On the other hand, the refrigerant flows into the water-cooled condenser 4 through a refrigerant flow-in pipe 7. The refrigerant flows downward in an inner flow passage of the water-cooled condenser 4, and then flows into the air-cooled condenser 3 through an intermediate connecting member 8 within which a refrigerant outlet port 8 a is formed. The intermediate connecting member 8 is connected with the first tank 31 of the air-cooled condenser 3 slightly beneath (closely beneath) (an lower edge of) the bumper reinforcement 9.
In addition, the water-cooled condenser 4 includes a casing 40 extended vertically. A heat exchanging portion (refrigerant flow passage) where heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and the coolant and a tank (coolant flow passage) formed between the heat exchanging portion and the casing 40 for accumulating the coolant are provided within the casing 40.
The water-cooled condenser 4 is disposed independently beside the sub-radiator 2 and the air-cooled condenser 3 (lateral to the sub-radiator 2 and the air-cooled condenser 3 in parallel to the bumper reinforcement 9). The lower portion of the water-cooled condenser 4 is attached to a sidewall of the first tank 31 of the air-cooled condenser 3 via the intermediate connecting member 8, and fixed with the first tank 31 of the air-cooled condenser 3 by a bracket 42. On the other hand, the upper portion of the water-cooled condenser 4 is fixed with the sub-radiator 2 via a bracket 41. In addition, the upper end of the water-cooled condenser 4 is connected with a sidewall 20 of the sub-radiator 2 via the flexible coolant flow-in pipe 5.
According to the water-cooled condenser 4 in the present embodiment, the intermediate connecting member 8 (refrigerant outlet port 8 a) is connected with the air-cooled condenser 3 slightly beneath (the lower edge of) the bumper reinforcement 9, i.e. at a position that doesn't overlap the bumper reinforcement 9 (a position shifted vertically so as not to overlap when viewed from a front of the vehicle: a position that doesn't overlap when viewed along a direction of airflow toward the air-cooled condenser 3). Since the refrigerant flows into the air-cooled condenser 3 through the refrigerant outlet port 8 a, the refrigerant flows much in the tube(s) at a level of the above-explained connection position. Therefore, since the connection position is located slightly beneath the bumper reinforcement 9, a cooling airflow volume is large and thereby heat radiation performance doesn't reduce. As a result, total heat radiation performance achieved by the air-cooled condenser 3 and the water-cooled condenser 4 is improved, and the water-cooled condenser 4 according to the present embodiment can be adapted to arrangement of the bumper reinforcement 9 at a front section of a vehicle.
Note that, as shown in FIG. 2, distribution of refrigerant flow rate in the air-cooled condenser 3, in a case where an inlet port 34 and an outlet port 35 of the refrigerant are located at a vertical middle position of the air-cooled condenser 3, is shown in [Table 1] shown below. Namely, when an uppermost tube position is denoted as “1” and a lowermost tube position is denoted as “20”, the inlet port 34 and the outlet port 35 are located at tube positions “10, 11”. Then, the refrigerant flow rate is highest at the positions “10, 11”, and the refrigerant flow rate is lowest at positions “9, 12” right next to them.

	TABLE 1

	TUBE POSITION

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10

REFRIGERANT	1.043	1.038	1.034	1.037	1.037	1.037	1.034	1.035	0.967	1.177
FLOW RATE
% (PERCENTAGE)	99.9	99.4	99.0	99.3	99.3	99.3	99.0	99.1	92.6	112.7

TUBE POSITION

	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	AVERAGE

REFRIGERANT	1.177	0.967	1.035	1.034	1.038	1.037	1.038	1.034	1.038	1.043	1.044
FLOW RATE
% (PERCENTAGE)	112.7	92.68	99.1	99.0	99.4	99.3	99.4	99.0	99.4	99.9

Since the refrigerant flow rate and the heat radiation amount are proportional, the tubes at the positions “10, 11” of the air-cooled condenser 3 are set slightly beneath the bumper reinforcement 9 (shown by a rectangular indicated by dashed-dotted lines in FIG. 3), and the tube at the position “9” is located so as to overlap the bumper reinforce 9. According to this, the tubes located at the positions “10, 11” with the high refrigerant flow rate can radiate heat sufficiently with no affection by the bumper reinforcement 9. The tube at the position “9” may be affected by the bumper reinforcement 9, but its refrigerant flow rate is low and thereby the total heat radiation performance is hardly affected. As a result, the total heat radiation performance achieved by the air-cooled condenser 3 and the water-cooled condenser 4 is improved and the water-cooled condenser 4 can be adapted to arrangement of the bumper reinforcement 9 at a front section of a vehicle.
In addition, since the water-cooled condenser 4 according to the present embodiment is not installed within the side tank of the sub-radiator 2 but provided independently beside the sub-radiator 2, the sub-radiator 2 can be downsized. As a result, the combined heat exchanger 1 can be disposed even in a vehicle whose front section has a relatively narrow space, and the water-cooled condenser 4 according to the present embodiment is superior in view of designing of layout.
In addition, according to the water-cooled condenser 4 in the present embodiment, the coolant flow-in pipe 5 and the coolant flow-out pipe 6 are protruded laterally (in a width direction of a vehicle), and not protruded forward (toward the bumper reinforcement 9). Therefore, it is easy to arrange the bumper reinforcement 9 at a front section of a vehicle, and the water-cooled condenser 4 according to the present embodiment is superior in view of designing of layout. Further, since the refrigerant pipes are not also protruded forward, it is easy to arrange the bumper reinforcement 9 at a front section of a vehicle in view of this point and refrigerant leakage from the refrigerant pipes can be prevented in a slight collision to a front section of a vehicle.
In addition, the sub-radiator 2 and the air-cooled condenser 3 are coupled by the water-cooled condenser 4 in the present embodiment, and thereby the water-cooled condenser 4 functions as a connection bracket. Therefore, a dedicated bracket for coupling the sub-radiator 2 and the air-cooled condenser 3 is not required, so that the number of parts can be reduced.
In addition, the water-cooled condenser 4 in the present embodiment is connected with the sub-radiator 2 via the flexible coolant flow-in pipe 5. Therefore, deviations of an assembling position between the sub-radiator 2 and the water-cooled condenser 4 can be settled by the flexibility of the coolant flow-in pipe 5, so that assembling works can be done smoothly.
Note that, in the present embodiment, the coolant flows into the water-cooled condenser 4 from its upper end through the coolant flow-in pipe 5, and flows out from the lower portion of the water-cooled condenser 4 through the coolant flow-out pipe 6. However, a flow of the coolant is not limited to this, a flow of the coolant may be set reversely. Namely, as shown in FIG. 4, the coolant may flow into the lower portion of the water-cooled condenser 4 through a coolant flow-in pipe 50 provided at the lower portion of the water-cooled condenser 4, and may flow out from the upper end of the water-cooled condenser 4 via a flexible coolant flow-out pipe 60 provided at the upper end of the water-cooled condenser 4. But, the configuration shown in FIG. 1 is preferred, because the coolant after being cooled by the sub-radiator 2 flows into the water-cooled condenser 4.
(Second Embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 5, in a water-cooled condenser 4A according to the present embodiment, the intermediate connecting member 8 (refrigerant outlet port 8 a) is connected with the first tank 31 of the air-cooled condenser 3 slightly above (closely above) (an upper edge of) the bumper reinforcement 9. The air-cooled condenser 3 is disposed above the sub-radiator 2, and the water-cooled condenser 4A is disposed beside (on a left side in FIG. 5) the sub-radiator 2 and the air-cooled condenser 3. Note that, in the present embodiment, components identical or equivalent to those in the first embodiment are labeled by the identical numbers.
The coolant that has flown out from the sub-radiator 2 flows into the water-cooled condenser 4 through a flexible coolant flow-in pipe 5A disposed at a lower end of the water-cooled condenser 4A. The coolant flows upward in an inner flow passage of the water-cooled condenser 4A, and then flows out from an upper portion of the water-cooled condenser 4A through a coolant flow-out pipe 6A disposed at an upper end of the water-cooled condenser 4A to return to the inverter.
On the other hand, the refrigerant flows into the water-cooled condenser 4A through the refrigerant flow-in pipe 7. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the coolant while flowing downward in an inner flow passage of the water-cooled condenser 4A, and then flows into the air-cooled condenser 3 through the intermediate connecting member 8 within which the refrigerant outlet port 8 a is formed.
In the present embodiment, the intermediate connecting member 8 (refrigerant outlet port 8 a) is connected with the air-cooled condenser 3 slightly above (the upper edge of) the bumper reinforcement 9, i.e. at a position that doesn't overlap the bumper reinforcement 9 (a position vertically shifted so as not to overlap when viewed from a front of the vehicle: a position that doesn't overlap when viewed along a direction of airflow toward the air-cooled condenser 3). Since the refrigerant flows into the air-cooled condenser 3 through the refrigerant outlet port 8 a, the refrigerant flows much in the tube(s) at a level of the above-explained connection position. Therefore, since the connection position is located slightly above the bumper reinforcement 9, a cooling airflow volume is large and thereby heat radiation performance doesn't reduce. As a result, total heat radiation performance achieved by the air-cooled condenser 3 and the water-cooled condenser 4A is improved, and the water-cooled condenser 4A according to the present embodiment can be adapted to arrangement of the bumper reinforcement 9 at a front section of a vehicle.
Note that, in the present embodiment, the coolant flows into the water-cooled condenser 4A from its lower end through the coolant flow-in pipe 5A, and flows out from the upper portion of the water-cooled condenser 4A through the coolant flow-out pipe 6. However, a flow of the coolant is not limited to this, a flow of the coolant may be set reversely. Namely, as shown in FIG. 6, the coolant may flow into the upper portion of the water-cooled condenser 4A through a coolant flow-in pipe 50A provided at the upper end of the water-cooled condenser 4A, and may flow out from the lower end of the water-cooled condenser 4A through a flexible coolant flow-out pipe 60A provided at the lower end of the water-cooled condenser 4. But, the configuration shown in FIG. 5 is preferred, because the coolant after being cooled by the sub-radiator 2 flows into the water-cooled condenser 4A.
In addition, when comparing the first embodiment (FIG. 1) and its modified example (FIG. 4) with the second embodiment (FIG. 5) and its modified example (FIG. 6), the first embodiment (FIG. 1) and its modified example (FIG. 4) are preferred because the subcooling section 30 b of the air-cooled condenser 3 doesn't overlap the bumper reinforcement 9 and the subcooling section 30 b functions sufficiently.

Claims

1. A water-cooled condenser that exchanges heat between refrigerant of an air conditioner for a vehicle and coolant, and then send the refrigerant out to a air-cooled condenser through a refrigerant outlet port, wherein

the refrigerant outlet port is connected with the air-cooled condenser at a position that doesn't overlap a bumper reinforcement arranged in front of the air-cooled condenser at a front section of the vehicle when viewed along an airflow direction toward the air-cooled condenser.

2. The water-cooled condenser according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant outlet port is disposed closely beneath the bumper reinforcement.

3. The water-cooled condenser according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant outlet port is disposed closely above the bumper reinforcement.

4. The water-cooled condenser according to claim 1, wherein

a sub-radiator for exchanging heat between the coolant and outside air is provided above or under the air-cooled condenser, and the bumper reinforcement is disposed so as to overlap a portion of the air-cooled condenser and a portion of the sub-radiator.

5. The water-cooled condenser according to claim 4, wherein a coolant inlet port to the sub-radiator is disposed at a position that doesn't overlap the bumper reinforcement when viewed along the airflow direction.

6. The water-cooled condenser according to claim 4, wherein

the water-cooled condenser is disposed on one side of the sub-radiator and the air-cooled condenser, and a liquid tank for accumulating part of the refrigerant is disposed on another side of the air-cooled condenser.