US20130322971A1 - Pile-driving and extraction apparatus - Google Patents
Pile-driving and extraction apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20130322971A1 US20130322971A1 US13/889,563 US201313889563A US2013322971A1 US 20130322971 A1 US20130322971 A1 US 20130322971A1 US 201313889563 A US201313889563 A US 201313889563A US 2013322971 A1 US2013322971 A1 US 2013322971A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- lance
- carriage
- cells
- way
- coupling part
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/08—Improving by compacting by inserting stones or lost bodies, e.g. compaction piles
Definitions
- the invention relates to an apparatus for introduction of a vibro replacement column into a construction soil.
- vibro replacement columns are introduced into the load-bearing regions of the construction soil. This is accomplished by setting a tube onto the construction soil and introduced all the way to the bearing soil, by means of a vibrator, so that the looser soil region is displaced laterally.
- the tube is filled with suitable material to be added, such as gravel or crushed stone, and subsequently drawn out, whereby material continuously exits from the end of the tube facing the soil, which material is further compacted by multiple alternate lowering of the tube. In this way, a column of the compacted added material is produced in the soil, and this is referred to as a vibro replacement column.
- a vibrator guided on a leader is placed against the tube to be introduced, and firmly connected with the tube.
- this connection is under stress from bending moments that occur as the result of lateral drifting of the tube in the soil.
- the vibrator transfers the bending moments to the leader by way of the guides with which it is connected with the leader. Therefore, the connection between vibrator and pipe, the guides between vibrator and leader, and the leader itself are under stress from the bending moments.
- filling of the tube generally takes place only after introduction of the tube into the construction soil down to the bearing layer, because here filling by way of a funnel, by means of a backhoe or the like, is easiest. In this connection, filling is hindered by the vibrator used, which is situated above the funnel.
- an object of the invention to create an apparatus for introduction of a vibro replacement column into a construction soil, which apparatus allows simplified handling of the tube as well as of its filling, and in which the connection between vibrator and tube is not under stress from bending moments.
- this task is accomplished by an apparatus for introduction of a vibro replacement column into a construction soil, having a tubular lance that is connected with a coupling part, on which at least two exciter cells are attached, distributed radially about the center axis of the lance.
- the cells each have a housing, in which at least one shaft with at least one eccentric weight is disposed, which shaft is connected with at least one rotary drive.
- the at least two exciter cells are oriented in such a manner that the eccentric weights of the exciter cells synchronize automatically during operation.
- an apparatus for pile-driving or extraction of a material to be pile-driven, particularly a vibro replacement lance, into or out of the soil, respectively, which allows simplified handling of the tube as well as its filling, and in which the connection between vibrator and tube or tubular lance is not stressed by bending moments that result from possible lateral drift of the tube in the soil.
- the at least two exciter cells that together produce a vibrator are connected with the tubular lance by way of a coupling part.
- the at least two exciter cells are structured in such a manner that their eccentric weights automatically synchronize during rotation, specifically in such a manner that the vertical force components add up and eliminate the horizontal force components to a great extent. In this way, a resulting force essentially parallel to the direction of effect is achieved.
- each exciter cell is provided with a separate rotary drive, which is designed so as to rotate the at least one eccentric weight of each exciter cell.
- devices for stabilization of the synchronous operation of the at least two exciter cells are provided.
- electrical stabilizers can particularly be used. In this way, controlled adjustment of the exciter cells is made possible.
- the coupling part is connected with a carriage by way of which it is mounted to be displaceable along a leader.
- the apparatus as a work device, can be coupled to the leader directly, without the need for further components.
- the carriage is connected with a basic carriage guided on the leader, which can be impacted with tensile and/or pressure forces by way of a drive.
- the basic carriage is preferably connected with the carriage in a resilient manner, by way of flexible elements, particularly elastomers. In this way, transfer of the vibrations generated by the exciter cells to the leaders is reduced.
- a bracket is attached to the basic carriage, which is provided with the flexible elements, particularly elastomers, by way of which the bracket is connected with the carriage.
- the bracket is connected with the carriage.
- a filling funnel is provided for filling the lance, which funnel is connected with the coupling part or the tubular lance by way of damping elements.
- the lance has a flange that is screwed onto a flange provided on the coupling part. It is advantageous if the funnel is furthermore connected with the carriage by way of damping elements.
- the tubular lance is configured with a double wall.
- a connector for application of compressed air to the cavity formed between the two walls is preferably provided.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an apparatus for introduction of a vibro replacement column into the soil
- FIG. 2 shows the representation of the apparatus from FIG. 1 in a front view
- FIG. 3 shows the representation of the apparatus from FIG. 1 in a view from the rear
- FIG. 4 shows the representation of the apparatus from FIG. 1 in a further spatial view.
- the vibro replacement apparatus chosen as an exemplary embodiment essentially consists of a coupling part 1 , which is connected with a carriage 2 and provided with two exciter cells 3 that are disposed to lie opposite one another.
- the coupling part 1 is firmly connected with a tubular lance 4 , and resiliently connected with a funnel 5 for filling the lance 4 , opposite the lance 4 .
- the coupling part 1 is guided on a leader 8 , by way of the carriage 2 , which is connected with the basic carriage 7 of the leader 8 by way of a bracket 6 .
- the coupling part 1 is formed by a base plate 11 , configured to be essentially rectangular, which has a flange 12 in the center for attaching the lance 4 .
- An inlet connector 13 is disposed on the base plate 11 , opposite the flange 12 , which connector is fixed in place on both sides by way of two vertical holding plates 14 . These holding plates 14 , together with the base plate 11 , are simultaneously accommodations 15 for the exciter cells 3 .
- the coupling part 1 is connected with the carriage 2 by means of weld connections.
- the carriage 2 essentially consists of a block-shaped frame 21 , which is provided, on its back side, with guide elements 22 for accommodating the leader rails 81 .
- guide elements 22 for accommodating the leader rails 81 .
- two wings 23 are furthermore affixed on the carriage 2 , on the end side, lying opposite one another, projecting toward the outside, for resilient attachment of the funnel 5 by way of damping elements 51 .
- the carriage 2 is resiliently connected with the bracket 6 by way of elastomer blocks 24 that lie opposite one another in pairs, within the frame 21 , and the bracket passes through the frame 21 of the carriage 2 along the center axis of the latter.
- the bracket 6 consists essentially of a rectangular profile, on which a connector piece 62 for a connection with the leader basic carriage 7 is provided, at the ends that lie opposite the carriage 2 .
- the exciter cells 3 each comprise a housing 31 , in which a rotatably mounted shaft- 13 not shown—is disposed, which is provided with an eccentric weight—not shown.
- the shaft is connected with a rotary drive 32 , which is attached to each housing 31 .
- the exciter cells configured in this manner are attached on the base plate 11 of the coupling part 1 , on both sides of the inlet connector 13 , lying against the holding plate 14 assigned to them.
- the lance 4 is configured as a cylindrical tube, with a flange 41 formed onto its end that faces the coupling part 1 .
- the flange 41 is screwed onto the flange 12 of the coupling part 1 .
- the funnel 5 is connected with the inlet connector 13 by way of damping elements 51 , and with the frame 21 of the carriage 2 by way of elastomer blocks 24 .
- the basic carriage 7 is connected with the connector piece 62 of the bracket 6 by way of a bolt latch 71 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
An apparatus for introduction of a vibro replacement column into a construction soil, having a tubular lance that is connected with a coupling part, on which at least two exciter cells are attached, distributed radially about the center axis of the lance. The cells each have a housing in which at least one shaft with at least one eccentric weight is disposed. The shaft is connected with a rotary drive. The exciter cells are oriented in such a manner that the eccentric weights of the exciter cells synchronize automatically during operation.
Description
- Applicant claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 of European Application No. 12170034.8 filed May 30, 2012, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The invention relates to an apparatus for introduction of a vibro replacement column into a construction soil.
- 2. The Prior Art
- To increase the bearing capacity of a construction soil, it is known to improve it by using the method of vibro replacement. In this connection, so-called vibro replacement columns are introduced into the load-bearing regions of the construction soil. This is accomplished by setting a tube onto the construction soil and introduced all the way to the bearing soil, by means of a vibrator, so that the looser soil region is displaced laterally. The tube is filled with suitable material to be added, such as gravel or crushed stone, and subsequently drawn out, whereby material continuously exits from the end of the tube facing the soil, which material is further compacted by multiple alternate lowering of the tube. In this way, a column of the compacted added material is produced in the soil, and this is referred to as a vibro replacement column.
- In the aforementioned method, a vibrator guided on a leader is placed against the tube to be introduced, and firmly connected with the tube. In practice, this connection is under stress from bending moments that occur as the result of lateral drifting of the tube in the soil. The vibrator transfers the bending moments to the leader by way of the guides with which it is connected with the leader. Therefore, the connection between vibrator and pipe, the guides between vibrator and leader, and the leader itself are under stress from the bending moments.
- Furthermore, filling of the tube generally takes place only after introduction of the tube into the construction soil down to the bearing layer, because here filling by way of a funnel, by means of a backhoe or the like, is easiest. In this connection, filling is hindered by the vibrator used, which is situated above the funnel.
- It is therefore an object of the invention to create an apparatus for introduction of a vibro replacement column into a construction soil, which apparatus allows simplified handling of the tube as well as of its filling, and in which the connection between vibrator and tube is not under stress from bending moments. According to the invention, this task is accomplished by an apparatus for introduction of a vibro replacement column into a construction soil, having a tubular lance that is connected with a coupling part, on which at least two exciter cells are attached, distributed radially about the center axis of the lance. The cells each have a housing, in which at least one shaft with at least one eccentric weight is disposed, which shaft is connected with at least one rotary drive. The at least two exciter cells are oriented in such a manner that the eccentric weights of the exciter cells synchronize automatically during operation.
- With the invention, an apparatus is created for pile-driving or extraction of a material to be pile-driven, particularly a vibro replacement lance, into or out of the soil, respectively, which allows simplified handling of the tube as well as its filling, and in which the connection between vibrator and tube or tubular lance is not stressed by bending moments that result from possible lateral drift of the tube in the soil. The at least two exciter cells that together produce a vibrator are connected with the tubular lance by way of a coupling part.
- Furthermore, the at least two exciter cells are structured in such a manner that their eccentric weights automatically synchronize during rotation, specifically in such a manner that the vertical force components add up and eliminate the horizontal force components to a great extent. In this way, a resulting force essentially parallel to the direction of effect is achieved.
- Preferably, exactly two exciter cells are provided, whereby preferably, each exciter cell is provided with a separate rotary drive, which is designed so as to rotate the at least one eccentric weight of each exciter cell.
- In a further development of the invention, devices for stabilization of the synchronous operation of the at least two exciter cells are provided. For this purpose, electrical stabilizers can particularly be used. In this way, controlled adjustment of the exciter cells is made possible.
- In an embodiment of the invention, the coupling part is connected with a carriage by way of which it is mounted to be displaceable along a leader. In this way, the apparatus, as a work device, can be coupled to the leader directly, without the need for further components.
- In a further embodiment of the invention, the carriage is connected with a basic carriage guided on the leader, which can be impacted with tensile and/or pressure forces by way of a drive. In this connection, the basic carriage is preferably connected with the carriage in a resilient manner, by way of flexible elements, particularly elastomers. In this way, transfer of the vibrations generated by the exciter cells to the leaders is reduced.
- In a further embodiment of the invention, a bracket is attached to the basic carriage, which is provided with the flexible elements, particularly elastomers, by way of which the bracket is connected with the carriage. In this way, it is possible to impact the goods to be pile-driven with a preload force or tensile force, which is applied by the leader, with simultaneous vibration damping.
- In a further embodiment of the invention, a filling funnel is provided for filling the lance, which funnel is connected with the coupling part or the tubular lance by way of damping elements. By means of the configuration of such a one-part lance with an integrated filling unit, simple positioning and introduction of the lance into the construction soil is made possible, with simultaneous introduction of fill material into the lance. Preferably, the lance has a flange that is screwed onto a flange provided on the coupling part. It is advantageous if the funnel is furthermore connected with the carriage by way of damping elements.
- In a further embodiment of the invention, the tubular lance is configured with a double wall. A connector for application of compressed air to the cavity formed between the two walls is preferably provided. During vibro replacement compaction of beds of bodies of water, a controllable increase in the buoyancy of the lance in the body of water is made possible, thereby making it possible to significantly reduce the tensile force to be applied by the support device. Particularly for construction soil improvement measures in bodies of water, the wall in such a further embodiment of the invention has lateral openings. These openings serve for exit of water displaced by replacement material that has been introduced. In this way, the vibro replacement process is further improved.
- Other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description considered in connection with the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood, however, that the drawings are designed as an illustration only and not as a definition of the limits of the invention.
- In the drawings, wherein similar reference characters denote similar elements throughout the several views:
-
FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an apparatus for introduction of a vibro replacement column into the soil; -
FIG. 2 shows the representation of the apparatus fromFIG. 1 in a front view; -
FIG. 3 shows the representation of the apparatus fromFIG. 1 in a view from the rear, and -
FIG. 4 shows the representation of the apparatus fromFIG. 1 in a further spatial view. - The vibro replacement apparatus chosen as an exemplary embodiment essentially consists of a
coupling part 1, which is connected with acarriage 2 and provided with twoexciter cells 3 that are disposed to lie opposite one another. Thecoupling part 1 is firmly connected with atubular lance 4, and resiliently connected with afunnel 5 for filling thelance 4, opposite thelance 4. Thecoupling part 1 is guided on aleader 8, by way of thecarriage 2, which is connected with thebasic carriage 7 of theleader 8 by way of abracket 6. - The
coupling part 1 is formed by abase plate 11, configured to be essentially rectangular, which has aflange 12 in the center for attaching thelance 4. Aninlet connector 13 is disposed on thebase plate 11, opposite theflange 12, which connector is fixed in place on both sides by way of twovertical holding plates 14. Theseholding plates 14, together with thebase plate 11, are simultaneouslyaccommodations 15 for theexciter cells 3. Thecoupling part 1 is connected with thecarriage 2 by means of weld connections. - The
carriage 2 essentially consists of a block-shapedframe 21, which is provided, on its back side, withguide elements 22 for accommodating the leader rails 81. On its side opposite theguide elements 22, twowings 23 are furthermore affixed on thecarriage 2, on the end side, lying opposite one another, projecting toward the outside, for resilient attachment of thefunnel 5 by way of dampingelements 51. Thecarriage 2 is resiliently connected with thebracket 6 by way of elastomer blocks 24 that lie opposite one another in pairs, within theframe 21, and the bracket passes through theframe 21 of thecarriage 2 along the center axis of the latter. - The
bracket 6 consists essentially of a rectangular profile, on which aconnector piece 62 for a connection with the leaderbasic carriage 7 is provided, at the ends that lie opposite thecarriage 2. Theexciter cells 3 each comprise ahousing 31, in which a rotatably mounted shaft-13 not shown—is disposed, which is provided with an eccentric weight—not shown. The shaft is connected with arotary drive 32, which is attached to eachhousing 31. The exciter cells configured in this manner are attached on thebase plate 11 of thecoupling part 1, on both sides of theinlet connector 13, lying against the holdingplate 14 assigned to them. - In the exemplary embodiment, the
lance 4 is configured as a cylindrical tube, with aflange 41 formed onto its end that faces thecoupling part 1. Theflange 41 is screwed onto theflange 12 of thecoupling part 1. - The
funnel 5 is connected with theinlet connector 13 by way of dampingelements 51, and with theframe 21 of thecarriage 2 by way of elastomer blocks 24. - The
basic carriage 7 is connected with theconnector piece 62 of thebracket 6 by way of abolt latch 71.Accommodation plates 72 for attachment of tensile cables—not shown—are affixed on both sides of thebolt latch 71 on thebasic carriage 7, by way of which thebasic carriage 7 can be impacted with pressure or tensile forces. - Accordingly, while only a few embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is obvious that many changes and modifications may be made thereunto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. An apparatus for introduction of a vibro replacement column into a construction soil, comprising:
a tubular lance;
a coupling part connected to the tubular lance;
at least two exciter cells attached on the coupling part, distributed radially about a center axis of the lance, said cells each having a housing in which at least one shaft with at least one eccentric weight is disposed; and
at least one rotary drive connected with the at least one shaft,
wherein the at least two exciter cells are oriented in such a manner that the eccentric weights of the exciter cells synchronize automatically during operation.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the at least two exciter cells consist of exactly two single-shaft exciter cells.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a stabilizing device for stabilization of the synchronous operation of the at least two exciter cells.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the coupling part is connected with a carriage, by way of which the coupling part is displaceably mounted on a leader.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the carriage is connected with a basic carriage guided on the leader, and wherein the carriage is adapted to be impacted with tensile or pressure forces by way of a drive.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein the basic carriage is resiliently connected with the carriage by way of flexible elements.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein a bracket is attached to the basic carriage, which bracket is provided with the flexible elements for connecting to the carriage.
8. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a filling funnel for charging the lance, said funnel being connected to the lance by way of damping elements.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8 , wherein the lance has a flange that is screwed onto a flange on the coupling part.
10. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the tubular lance is configured with a double wall.
11. The apparatus according to claim 10 , further comprising a connector for impacting a cavity formed between the two walls of the tubular lance with compressed air.
12. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the lance has a wall with lateral openings.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12170034.8 | 2012-05-30 | ||
EP20120170034 EP2669436B1 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2012-05-30 | Ramming and traction device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20130322971A1 true US20130322971A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
Family
ID=46318861
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/889,563 Abandoned US20130322971A1 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2013-05-08 | Pile-driving and extraction apparatus |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20130322971A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2669436B1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN117090183A (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-11-21 | 中电建振冲建设工程股份有限公司 | Control system for hectometer-level pile frame type vibroflotation pile, pore-forming method and pile-forming method |
US11873615B2 (en) | 2021-05-31 | 2024-01-16 | Abi Anlagentechnik-Baumaschinen-Industriebedarf Maschinenfabrik Und Vertriebsgesellschaft Mbh | Vibro replacement probe and method for equipping a leader with a vibro replacement probe |
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EP2669436A1 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
EP2669436B1 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
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