CN104297051B - Tunnel model experiment charger - Google Patents
Tunnel model experiment charger Download PDFInfo
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- CN104297051B CN104297051B CN201410494973.5A CN201410494973A CN104297051B CN 104297051 B CN104297051 B CN 104297051B CN 201410494973 A CN201410494973 A CN 201410494973A CN 104297051 B CN104297051 B CN 104297051B
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- baffle plate
- frame column
- channel
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- entablature
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of tunnel model experiment charger, including loading frame, front apron, backboard, loading frame includes that frame column, moving beam and entablature, moving beam and entablature are vertical with frame column respectively；Frame column medial surface is symmetrically installed with several side hydraulic oil cylinders, is provided with several vertical hydraulic jacks bottom moving beam, and entablature is provided with hoisting apparatus, and moving beam top is provided with the suspension centre matched with hoisting apparatus；Front apron includes one piece of transparent organic glass baffle plate and the channel-section steel baffle plate being made up of some hot-rolled steel channels, backboard is made up of some hot-rolled steel channels, it is cut with hole on lucite baffle plate, lucite baffle plate is positioned at the inner side of channel-section steel baffle plate, is provided with some coaxial stay-bolts between front and rear baffle.The present invention can produce the Rock And Soil 3-D stree field under various different buried depth and geological conditions, it is possible to achieve the adit digging model experiment of the different complex conditions such as clear distance and different section under large and small bias condition.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to railway and vcehicular tunnel field, concretely relate to a kind of tunnel model experiment charger.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of the infrastructure construction such as railway and highway, increasing railway and highway need the form by tunnel to pass through high and steep mountains and rivers and lakes, owing to the condition of various different construction sites limits, occur in that various types of tunnel, such as little span tunnel, multiple-arch tunnel and cross tunnel etc., as well as various different geological conditions, the working environment in tunnel there is also different changes, such as large and small unsymmetrial loading tunnel etc., which type of digging construction method is used to cause the concern of engineering circles at different conditions.Tunnel excavation engineering method difference not only can directly affect stability and the duty of lining cutting in the future of tunnel surrounding in digging process, also can affect construction speed and construction safety simultaneously.Therefore, before selecting arrangement and method for construction and supporting means, it is necessary to understand various problems produced by tunnel excavation process in depth, and model experiment is one of maximally effective means.
For tunnel excavation model experiment, the most conventional method has dimensional model experiment method (3D method) and two dimensional model experimental technique (2D method).Wherein 3D method needs the biggest experimental site and equipment, loading procedure is extremely complex, the most this experimental technique and engineering practice coincide preferably, but actual mechanical process is extremely difficult to this effect, particularly under the conditions of vast scale threedimensional model, the excavation order of tunnel cross-section and supporting means are difficult to simulation, and experiment effect is the most undesirable；A kind of simplification experimental technique that 2D method is built upon in certain theoretical basis, its theoretical foundation is exactly that tunnel is in digging process and during follow-up use, its section belongs to plane strain problems under the conditions of three-dimensional ground stress, it is not directly dependent upon with the physical length in tunnel, therefore, as long as the three-dimensional ground stress field condition of reality can be simulated, just three-dimensional tunnel model can be replaced to carry out digging construction method simulation, method for protecting support simulation with two dimension tunnel cross-section model, be a kind of efficient, economic laboratory facilities.
In order to realize controlled three-dimensional ground stress field action on two dimension experimental model, meet actual stress and the deformation condition of country rock during tunnel excavation, various digging construction method and supporting means can be simulated simultaneously, need to set up experiments experiment charger, reach simple, the experiment purpose of high-efficiency and economic.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of tunnel model experiment charger, not only volume is little, lightweight, and controlled three-dimensional ground stress field can be provided, it is possible to the stress field of tunnel surrounding in simulation tunnel digging process, it is possible to the various digging construction method of very convenient simulation and supporting means.
A kind of tunnel model experiment charger, described charger includes loading frame, the front apron being positioned at loading frame front and is positioned at the backboard at the loading frame back side, described loading frame includes that frame column, moving beam and entablature, moving beam and entablature are vertical with frame column respectively；Described frame column includes the first frame column and the second frame column being vertically arranged, the medial surface of the first frame column and the second frame column is symmetrically installed with several side hydraulic oil cylinders, the bottom of described first frame column and the second frame column is respectively equipped with column root-plate, and described column root-plate is arranged on concrete pedestal by foundation bolt；Described entablature two ends are fixed with the first frame column and the second frame column top respectively, and described moving beam is arranged between the first frame column and the second frame column and is positioned at below entablature；Being provided with several vertical hydraulic jacks bottom described moving beam, described entablature is provided with hoisting apparatus, moving beam top is provided with the suspension centre matched with this hoisting apparatus；Described front apron includes one piece of transparent organic glass baffle plate and the channel-section steel baffle plate being made up of some hot-rolled steel channels, backboard is made up of some hot-rolled steel channels, wherein the length of lucite baffle plate and the length of hot-rolled steel channel are identical, it it is highly the multiple of single hot-rolled steel channel height, there is certain thickness, being cut with a hole identical with experimental model shape of cross section on lucite baffle plate, hole is provided with cover plate；The two ends of lucite baffle plate and channel-section steel baffle plate are affixed by coaxial fixing bolt with the first frame column and the second frame column respectively, and lucite baffle plate is positioned at the inner side of channel-section steel baffle plate, is provided with some coaxial stay-bolts between front and rear baffle.
Described frame column requires have bigger rigidity, can not be deformed, preferably framework steel column in loading procedure, and its medial surface is symmetrically provided with several side hydraulic oil cylinders, it is possible to the different lateral pressure condition of simulation；Described moving beam requires have bigger rigidity, can not be deformed in loading procedure, and bottom is provided with several vertical hydraulic jacks, it is possible to simulate various vertical pressure condition；Hoisting apparatus is installed on entablature, may be used for upper-lower position and the lifting of Rock And Soil front and rear baffle of moving beam, by the hoisting apparatus being arranged on entablature, described moving beam can move up and down along framework steel column, can meet the needs of different buried depth experiment condition；The lucite baffle plate cut down can play the effect of baffle plate before model excavates as cover plate；The setting of coaxial stay-bolt, can be used to increase the rigidity of baffle plate, along direction before and after experimental model, Rock And Soil can be produced effect of contraction in hydraulic jack loading procedure, produces 3-D stree field in Rock And Soil.
As preferably, channel-section steel outside lucite baffle plate is used and is fixed and drawknot by coaxial fixing bolt and coaxial stay-bolt between mode and the lucite baffle plate that notch is inside, and the mode that the channel-section steel at other positions all uses notch outside is fixed and drawknot by coaxial fixing bolt and coaxial stay-bolt.Fill and front and rear baffle collaborative work in loading procedure at Rock And Soil, limit displacement and the deformation of Rock And Soil, produce 3-D stree field；In excavation experimentation, it is positioned at the channel-section steel outside lucite baffle plate will remove, but do not interfere with the fixing of lucite baffle plate and drawknot state, now lucite baffle plate will undertake the effect of constraint Rock And Soil, keep the 3-D stree field of surrounding rock of chamber, can allow the experimenter can the deformation of observed quantity surrounding rock of chamber exactly simultaneously.
As preferably, the height sum that height is 3～4 hot-rolled steel channels of described lucite baffle plate, lucite baffle plate offers coaxial fixed bolt hole and coaxial stay-bolt hole.According to tunnel or the size of chamber model and buried depth position, cutting organic glass baffle plate, and cut hole according to the cross sectional shape of tunnel or chamber, the plate cut down is as hole cover plate.
As preferably, the interior headroom size length × width × height of described loading frame is 5000mm × 300mm × 2000mm.
As preferably, described frame column is formed through batten plate bolt fixed Combination by the first batten plate by two first channel-section steels respectively, and every channel-section steel is welded by three block plates, and keeping at a certain distance away inside described first channel-section steel arranges the first ribbed stiffener.
As preferably, described moving beam is combined by the second batten plate is welded by two second channel-section steels, and every channel-section steel is welded by three block plates, and keeping at a certain distance away inside described second channel-section steel arranges the second ribbed stiffener.
As preferably, described entablature is combined by two hot-rolled steel channels.
As preferably, described coaxial stay-bolt is arranged at the trisection point of front and rear baffle, uses nut to fix between described coaxial stay-bolt and front and rear baffle.
As preferably, it is respectively adopted between described first frame column, the second frame column and column root-plate and welds.
The present invention can produce the Rock And Soil 3-D stree field under various different buried depth and geological conditions, it is possible to achieve the adit digging model experiment of the different complex conditions such as clear distance and different section under large and small bias condition；This charger has good versatility, has higher conventional efficient and economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the positive facade of loading frame assembles schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the A-A profile of Fig. 1 center trestle；
Fig. 3 is moving beam B-B cross-sectional view in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of lucite baffle plate；
Fig. 5 is that Rock And Soil is filled and baffle plate scheme of installation；
Fig. 6 is the experiment charger schematic diagram installed；
Fig. 7 is channel-section steel baffle plate and lucite baffle plate fixing means schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is tunnel or adit digging experimentation schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
With reference to Fig. 1～8, a kind of tunnel model experiment charger, including loading frame, it is positioned at the front apron in loading frame front, and it is positioned at the backboard at the loading frame back side, described loading frame includes frame column, moving beam 2 and entablature 3, moving beam 2 is vertical with frame column respectively with entablature 3, described frame column includes the first frame column 1-1 and the second frame column 1-2 being vertically arranged, the medial surface of the first frame column 1-1 and the second frame column 1-2 is symmetrically installed with several side hydraulic oil cylinders 6, the bottom of described first frame column 1-1 and the second frame column 1-2 is respectively equipped with column root-plate 7, described column root-plate 7 is arranged on concrete pedestal by foundation bolt 8；The two ends of described entablature 3 are fixed with the first frame column 1-1 and the second frame column 1-2 top respectively, and described moving beam 2 is arranged between the first frame column 1-1 and the second frame column 1-2 and is positioned at below entablature 3；Being provided with several vertical hydraulic jacks 12 bottom described moving beam 2, described entablature 3 is provided with hoisting apparatus 4, moving beam 2 top is provided with the suspension centre 5 matched with this hoisting apparatus 4；Described front apron includes one piece of transparent organic glass baffle plate 16 and the channel-section steel baffle plate 19 being made up of some hot-rolled steel channels, backboard is made up of some hot-rolled steel channels, wherein the length of lucite baffle plate 16 and the length of hot-rolled steel channel are identical, it it is highly the multiple of single hot-rolled steel channel height, there is certain thickness, being cut with a hole identical with experimental model shape of cross section on lucite baffle plate 16, hole is provided with cover plate 17；The two ends of lucite baffle plate 16 and channel-section steel baffle plate 19 are affixed by coaxial fixing bolt 20 with the first frame column 1-1 and the second frame column 1-2 respectively, lucite baffle plate 16 is positioned at the inner side of channel-section steel baffle plate 19, some coaxial stay-bolts 21 it are provided with between front and rear baffle, described coaxial stay-bolt 21 is arranged at the trisection point of front and rear baffle, uses nut to fix between described coaxial stay-bolt 21 and front and rear baffle.
Channel-section steel outside lucite baffle plate is used and is fixed and drawknot by coaxial fixing bolt 20 and coaxial stay-bolt 21 between mode and the lucite baffle plate that notch is inside, and the mode that the channel-section steel at other positions all uses notch outside is fixed and drawknot by coaxial fixing bolt 20 and coaxial stay-bolt 21.The height sum that height is 3～4 hot-rolled steel channels of described lucite baffle plate, lucite baffle plate 16 offers coaxial fixed bolt hole 11 and coaxial stay-bolt hole 18.Fill and lucite baffle plate and channel-section steel baffle plate collaborative work in loading procedure at Rock And Soil, limit displacement and the deformation of Rock And Soil, produce 3-D stree field；In digging process, on front side of part, channel-section steel will be removed, but do not interfere with the fixing of lucite baffle plate and drawknot state, now lucite baffle plate will undertake the effect of constraint Rock And Soil, keep the 3-D stree field of surrounding rock of chamber, can allow the experimenter can the deformation of observed quantity surrounding rock of chamber exactly simultaneously.
Described frame column requires have bigger rigidity, can not be deformed, preferably framework steel column in loading procedure.Described frame column is formed through batten plate bolt 10 fixed Combination by the first batten plate 9 by two first channel-section steels 14 respectively, and every channel-section steel 14 is welded by three block plates, and internal the keeping at a certain distance away of described first channel-section steel 14 arranges the first ribbed stiffener 15.Described moving beam requires have bigger rigidity, loading procedure can not be deformed, described moving beam is combined by the second batten plate 23 is welded by two second channel-section steels 13, every channel-section steel 13 is welded by three block plates, and internal the keeping at a certain distance away of described second channel-section steel 13 arranges the second ribbed stiffener 24.Described entablature 3 is combined by two hot-rolled steel channels.It is respectively adopted between described first frame column 1-1, the second frame column 1-2 and column root-plate 7 and welds.The interior headroom size length × width × height of described loading frame is 5000mm × 300mm × 2000mm.
The medial surface of described frame column is symmetrically provided with several side hydraulic oil cylinders, it is possible to the different lateral pressure condition of simulation；The bottom of described moving beam is provided with several vertical hydraulic jacks, it is possible to simulate various vertical pressure condition；On described entablature, hoisting apparatus is installed, may be used for upper-lower position and the lifting of Rock And Soil front and rear baffle of moving beam, by the hoisting apparatus being arranged on entablature, described moving beam can move up and down along framework steel column, can meet the needs of different buried depth experiment condition；The lucite baffle plate cut down can play the effect of baffle plate before model excavates as cover plate；The setting of coaxial stay-bolt, can be used to increase the rigidity of baffle plate, along direction before and after experimental model, Rock And Soil can be produced effect of contraction in hydraulic jack loading procedure, produces 3-D stree field in Rock And Soil.
When starting to test, first, according to tunnel or the size of chamber model and buried depth position, the position of moving beam 2 is adjusted by hoisting apparatus 4, the mode using notch outside from bottom to top installs the channel-section steel baffle plate 19 in front apron and backboard, it is fixed on the first frame column 1-1 and the second frame column 1-2 with coaxial fixing bolt 20, and will front and back be strained and fixed by two pieces of channel-section steel baffle plates with coaxial stay-bolt 21, after often installing the channel-section steel in a pair forward and backward baffle plate, it is filled with Rock And Soil packing material 22 and tamps.
When arriving near tunnel or chamber modal position, first lucite baffle plate 16 is placed on the front side of charger, with hole cover plate 17, hole is covered, side channel steel shoe before and after installing the most again.Wherein the mode using notch inside is installed by the channel-section steel baffle plate outside lucite baffle plate, the mode that the channel-section steel baffle plate at other positions all uses notch outside is installed, as shown in Figure 7, lucite baffle plate 16 and the channel-section steel baffle plate 19 outside it use coaxial fixing bolt 20 and coaxial stay-bolt 21 is fixed and strains, so, the fixing of lucite baffle plate and tension would not be produced impact when lucite baffle plate outer side slot steel shoe is removed；By transducer arrangements around tunnel or chamber model, fill Rock And Soil packing material 22 and tamp.
Continue remaining channel-section steel is installed and fills compacting Rock And Soil packing material 22 till reaching the height required by experiment condition.The compacted density of Rock And Soil packing material should be controlled in strict accordance with experiment condition.Experiment charger after installation is as shown in Figure 6.
As shown in Figure 8, start side hydraulic oil cylinder 6 and vertical hydraulic jack 12 and Rock And Soil packing material 22 is applied lateral pressure and vertical pressure simultaneously, the stability contorting stage is entered after reaching the three-dimensional stress condition required by experiment condition, channel-section steel baffle plate 19 on front side of tunnel or chamber model is removed, lucite baffle plate 16 is come out, again detects the change of stress field situation of Rock And Soil packing material and be adjusted.After hole cover plate 17 is removed, various digging construction method and lining cutting experiment can be carried out according to experiment purpose, form tunnel or adit digging section 25.
Claims (9)
1. a tunnel model experiment charger, it is characterized in that: described charger includes loading frame, the front apron being positioned at loading frame front and is positioned at the backboard at the loading frame back side, described loading frame includes that frame column, moving beam and entablature, moving beam and entablature are vertical with frame column respectively；Described frame column includes the first frame column and the second frame column being vertically arranged, the medial surface of the first frame column and the second frame column is symmetrically installed with several side hydraulic oil cylinders, the bottom of described first frame column and the second frame column is respectively equipped with column root-plate, and described column root-plate is arranged on concrete pedestal by foundation bolt；Described entablature two ends are fixed with the first frame column and the second frame column top respectively, and described moving beam is arranged between the first frame column and the second frame column and is positioned at below entablature；Being provided with several vertical hydraulic jacks bottom described moving beam, described entablature is provided with hoisting apparatus, moving beam top is provided with the suspension centre matched with this hoisting apparatus；Described front apron includes one piece of transparent organic glass baffle plate and the channel-section steel baffle plate being made up of some hot-rolled steel channels, backboard is made up of some hot-rolled steel channels, wherein the length of lucite baffle plate and the length of hot-rolled steel channel are identical, it it is highly the multiple of single hot-rolled steel channel height, there is certain thickness, being cut with a hole identical with experimental model shape of cross section on lucite baffle plate, hole is provided with cover plate；The two ends of lucite baffle plate and channel-section steel baffle plate are affixed by coaxial fixing bolt with the first frame column and the second frame column respectively, and lucite baffle plate is positioned at the inner side of channel-section steel baffle plate, is provided with some coaxial stay-bolts between front and rear baffle.
Tunnel model the most according to claim 1 experiment charger, it is characterised in that: the channel-section steel outside lucite baffle plate is used and is fixed and drawknot by coaxial fixing bolt and coaxial stay-bolt between mode and the lucite baffle plate that notch is inside.
Tunnel model the most according to claim 1 and 2 experiment charger, it is characterised in that: the height sum that height is 3～4 hot-rolled steel channels of described lucite baffle plate, lucite baffle plate offers coaxial fixed bolt hole and coaxial stay-bolt hole.
Tunnel model the most according to claim 1 experiment charger, it is characterised in that: the interior headroom size length × width × height of described loading frame is 5000mm × 300mm × 2000mm.
Tunnel model the most according to claim 1 experiment charger, it is characterized in that: described frame column is formed through batten plate bolt fixed Combination by the first batten plate by two first channel-section steels respectively, every channel-section steel is welded by three block plates, arranges the first ribbed stiffener according to certain interval inside described first channel-section steel.
Tunnel model the most according to claim 1 experiment charger, it is characterized in that: described moving beam is combined by the second batten plate is welded by two second channel-section steels, every channel-section steel is welded by three block plates, arranges the second ribbed stiffener according to certain interval inside described second channel-section steel.
Tunnel model the most according to claim 1 experiment charger, it is characterised in that: described entablature is combined by two hot-rolled steel channels.
Tunnel model the most according to claim 1 experiment charger, it is characterised in that: described coaxial stay-bolt is arranged at the trisection point of front and rear baffle.
Tunnel model the most according to claim 1 experiment charger, it is characterised in that: it is respectively adopted between described first frame column, the second frame column and column root-plate and welds.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410494973.5A CN104297051B (en) | 2014-09-25 | 2014-09-25 | Tunnel model experiment charger |
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| CN201410494973.5A CN104297051B (en) | 2014-09-25 | 2014-09-25 | Tunnel model experiment charger |
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| CN104297051A CN104297051A (en) | 2015-01-21 |
| CN104297051B true CN104297051B (en) | 2016-09-14 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104614242A (en) * | 2015-02-01 | 2015-05-13 | 东华理工大学 | Excavation and surrounding rock stress and strain monitoring model testing device for rock-soil chamber under complicated conditions, and method thereof |
| CN106769405A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-31 | 华北科技学院 | A kind of vertical demarcation strip and Geotechnical Engineering multifunction test system |
| CN106771074A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 台州学院 | Rainfall infiltration and the adjustable unsaturated soil side slope simulation test device of level of ground water |
| CN106950111B (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2019-09-10 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of pseudo-dynamic equation method |
| CN107192602A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-22 | 兰州交通大学 | A kind of high ground stress soft rock stress tunnel indoor model test equipment and system |
| CN109001050A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-12-14 | 温州大学 | tunnel shearing test device |
| CN112326431A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-05 | 四川大学 | Experimental device and experimental method for rock deformation and damage process |
| CN113848101B (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2024-04-19 | 中铁二十局集团第四工程有限公司 | Simulation experiment system for realizing composite stratum circular tunnel under plane strain state and application method |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP3402519B2 (en) * | 1994-07-12 | 2003-05-06 | 西松建設株式会社 | Shield excavation model test method and apparatus |
| CN2420639Y (en) * | 2000-05-29 | 2001-02-21 | 交通部重庆公路科学研究所 | vertical external loadiing executor for channel wall rock stability analysis |
| CN102175533B (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2012-10-24 | 山东大学 | Ultra-large type geotechnical engineering three-dimensional model test system |
| CN103257072A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-08-21 | 中国矿业大学 | Three-dimensional visual true triaxial simulation test bed |
| CN204128888U (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-01-28 | 浙江科技学院 | A kind of tunnel model experiment charger |
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