US20110277490A1 - Method and System for Improved-Efficiency Air-Conditioning - Google Patents

Method and System for Improved-Efficiency Air-Conditioning Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110277490A1
US20110277490A1 US12/848,788 US84878810A US2011277490A1 US 20110277490 A1 US20110277490 A1 US 20110277490A1 US 84878810 A US84878810 A US 84878810A US 2011277490 A1 US2011277490 A1 US 2011277490A1
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Prior art keywords
air
gas
gas scrubbing
oxygen
circulating
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Abandoned
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US12/848,788
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English (en)
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Udi Meirav
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Enverid Systems Inc
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Individual
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Priority to US12/848,788 priority Critical patent/US20110277490A1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US13/109,833 priority patent/US8157892B2/en
Priority to CN2011800352414A priority patent/CN103119376A/zh
Priority to PCT/US2011/036801 priority patent/WO2011146478A1/en
Priority to BR112012029309A priority patent/BR112012029309A2/pt
Priority to KR1020127032893A priority patent/KR20130124158A/ko
Priority to JP2013511289A priority patent/JP2013526697A/ja
Publication of US20110277490A1 publication Critical patent/US20110277490A1/en
Assigned to ENVERID SYSTEMS, INC. reassignment ENVERID SYSTEMS, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MEIRAV, UDI
Priority to US13/440,356 priority patent/US8491710B2/en
Priority to US13/937,320 priority patent/US20130291732A1/en
Priority to US14/845,041 priority patent/US10086324B2/en
Priority to US16/144,733 priority patent/US10730003B2/en
Priority to US16/983,636 priority patent/US20210187431A1/en
Priority to US18/107,438 priority patent/US20230191309A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/15—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/60—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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    • B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
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    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
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    • F24F8/158—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means using active carbon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
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    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/15—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means
    • F24F8/167—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means using catalytic reactions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/60—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by adding oxygen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D2252/20—Organic absorbents
    • B01D2252/204—Amines
    • B01D2252/20478—Alkanolamines
    • B01D2252/20484—Alkanolamines with one hydroxyl group
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
    • B01D2253/108—Zeolites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Definitions

  • HVAC Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning
  • Central HVAC systems typically include one or more central air handling unit and an air distribution system, where supply air is directed to the various parts of the building through a network of ducts, and return air flows from these spaces, through ducts or a plenum, back to the air handling unit.
  • air handling unit air is cooled or heated, as well as filtered and often dehumidified or humidified, as needed.
  • HVAC systems constantly circulate air through the building while continually adjusting is temperature and humidity to maintain comfortable conditions.
  • Oxygen represents about 21% of atmospheric air and that is normally the desired level of indoor air as well.
  • CO 2 is present only in very low levels in outside air, typically a few hundred ppm (parts per million). Once breathing produces elevated levels of CO 2 and some of the indoor oxygen is consumed, a fairly significant amount of outside air is used to bring their respective concentrations close to the desired level. Indeed, to fully restore oxygen and CO 2 concentration virtually all the air would need to be replaced.
  • the outside air represents an additional, and—depending on outside climate conditions—often a significant, thermal load on the air handling unit.
  • the outside air injected into the HVAC system requires additional energy for cooling and dehumidifying the outside air, and can represent a significant fraction of the entire thermal load, hence energy usage, of the HVAC system.
  • the amount of exhaust air and outside air can adjusted to meet the air quality standards.
  • a certain minimum amount is often set to maintain air quality, in terms of levels of oxygen, CO 2 and other contaminants.
  • ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Engineers
  • the amount of supply air used by an HVAC system is reduced by removing unwanted gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), using scrubbers or other devices that separate these gases from the circulating air.
  • unwanted gases such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 )
  • scrubbers or other devices that separate these gases from the circulating air.
  • the air can be further improved with injection of concentrated oxygen. While in a normal HVAC system frequent extensive replacement of the building air is performed, scrubbing of CO 2 and other unwanted gases and vapors, with or without additional oxygen, would achieve the same goal, but with much lower thermal load on the HVAC system, providing significant energy saving for the building and reducing demands on the entire electrical grid.
  • the HVAC system also has an oxygen injection system that injects oxygen-enriched air into the circulated air.
  • a control system for use with an HVAC system has a gas scrubbing system for removal of an unwanted substance gas from circulated air.
  • the control system includes a sensor for determining an amount of the unwanted substance gas in the circulated air.
  • controller modifies a rate of exhaust of circulating air and intake of outside air so as to adjust overall air replacement according to the measured amount of unwanted substance gas in the circulated air.
  • the control system also can include an oxygen sensor for determining an amount of oxygen in circulated air, and wherein the controller modifies the rate of oxygen injection.
  • the system is a modular system can be connected to an HVAC system that circulates air in an enclosed environment.
  • the modular system comprises a module for scrubbing configured to reduce a level of an unwanted substance in the circulating air.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional HVAC system
  • FIG. 2A illustrates an HVAC system incorporating CO 2 scrubbing and oxygen injection.
  • FIG. 2B illustrates another embodiment of the system of FIG. 2A .
  • FIG. 2C illustrates another embodiment of the system of FIG. 2A .
  • FIG. 3 shows the configuration of valves and lines allowing the scrubber to switch from adsorption mode to purge mode.
  • FIG. 4 illustrated the addition of an oxygen injection system into the system of FIG. 2A .
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram of the control flow for a controller for such an HVAC system.
  • FIG. 1 schematically describes a typical circulating central HVAC system.
  • a central air handling unit has both heating and cooling elements, which modify the temperature of the circulating air as it flows and comes in contact with these elements.
  • Fans or blowers force the flow of the conditioned supply air through ducts that distribute the conditioned air throughout the various parts of an occupied space (an enclosed environment).
  • an enclosed environment an enclosed environment
  • a building is used as an example of an enclosed environment may have different zones for which the rates of air flow are different.
  • Return air flows back to the air handling unit, as indicated at 10 , and can be filtered to remove particles, bacteria, and various fumes. However some of the return air is exhausted outside the building, through valves that control the amount of exhaust released.
  • the enclosed environment can be an office building, commercial building, residential building, house, school, factory, hospital, store, mall, indoor entertainment venue, storage facility, laboratory, vehicle, aircraft, ship, bus, theatre, enclosed arena, education facility, library or other enclosed structure which can be at times occupied by breathing things, such as humans or animals.
  • FIGS. 2A , 2 B and 2 C schematically show how to incorporate scrubbers in the HVAC system in order to allow reduction of exhaust air and outside air.
  • the scrubber intercepts some of the flow of return air, allowing scrubbed air to continue to flow to the air handling unit and back into the building, but CO 2 and other compounds are captured or filtered.
  • the scrubber can be implemented in many ways, as CO 2 scrubbing has been used for decades in industrial applications as well as in spacecraft and submarines.
  • the CO 2 scrubber utilizes a bed of adsorbent material, such as synthetic zeolite, placed in a container, canister or lining the inside of one or more tubes.
  • adsorbent material such as synthetic zeolite
  • zeolites have been shown to be effective adsorbents of CO 2 , notably zeolite-13X. These are readily available from a variety of commercial sources, such as W.R. Grace SYLOBEAD® C-Grade 13X, Pingxiang XINTAO Chemical Packing Co., Ltd. In China, GHCL Ltd., in India, and many others. Indeed, zeolite beds have been developed to extract CO 2 from a gas stream for various industrial applications (Ventriglio et al, 1968; U.S. Pat. No.
  • adding other adsorbents including multiple zeolites, porous alumina (Slaugh et al, 1981, U.S. Pat. No. 4,433,981; Kumar et al, 1986, U.S. Pat. No. 4,711,645) or the long established activated charcoal (Allen, 1921, U.S. Pat. No. 1,522,480; Bechthold, 1927, 1,836,301) may further improve air quality or energy efficiency by removing other gases, volatile organic compounds and humidity or by allowing lower-temperature release of adsorbates.
  • the combination of several different adsorbents in the same unit or as separate units may offer the best performance.
  • an adsorption-desorption cycle sometimes referred to as temperature swing adsorption.
  • the scrubber is isolated from the HVAC circulation by a set of valves, shown in FIG. 3 , and in turn connected to the incoming and outgoing purging lines.
  • Valve 1 and Valve 2 are open, connecting the scrubber to the circulating air flow, while Valves 3 and 4 are closed.
  • Valves 1 and 2 are closed and Valves 3 and 4 are open, flowing purge gas thru the scrubber while isolating it from the air circulation system.
  • multiple scrubbers may be used to avoid such interruption, so that when one scrubber is undergoing regeneration, another scrubber is engaged.
  • short interruptions may not pose a problem, as long as the aggregate amount of CO 2 removed over periods of several hours is sufficient. Similar back up may be implemented for the oxygen concentrator.
  • the scrubber adsorbent bed design will include the appropriate choice of adsorbent material, its amount, its spatial distribution, the air flow pattern and its overall capacity to be compatible with the airflow design requirements. There are tradeoffs to consider in terms of system size and cost versus throughput, frequency of regeneration and energy requirements for regeneration.
  • the amount of CO 2 that can be collected and released in each temperature swing adsorption cycle is dependent on the amount of active and accessible adsorbent material, as well as the temperature gap between the adsorption and purge cycle. Thus to achieve a certain rate of gas capture one use less material and operate with more frequent purge cycles. However there are natural kinetic rates for adsorption and desorption that depend on material and temperature that constrain the cycle time for a given amount of material.
  • Solid adsorbents like zeolite 13X offer a preferred embodiment but there are many other ways to remove CO 2 as well as other unwanted gases and vapors.
  • CO 2 scrubbing is achieved by reactions with alkaline hydroxide bases.
  • CO 2 scrubbing is achieved with amine gas solutions, such as monoethanolamine or other amines, that are well known in the art.
  • Another embodiment scrubbing is achieved by a chemical cycle in which sodium carbonate combines with carbon dioxide and water to form sodium bicarbonate (Fuchs, 1967 U.S. Pat. No. 3,511,595).
  • Yet other techniques for removal of CO 2 include selective membranes, for example, PRISM membranes from Air Products, Inc, or CYNARA membranes from Cameron International Corp. Since the scrubber is a separate module in this systems, as new scrubbing technologies emerge they can readily be replaced in such a system without having to change its other components.
  • the scrubber will have to be regenerated and many of the above techniques require heat for regeneration. Some of that heat can be obtained by harvesting waste heat produced by other systems nearby, including the compressor and the air handling unit of the HVAC system, as well as solar energy. This could further improve the overall economics of the system.
  • the purging of the adsorbent bed utilizes warm air from the cooling unit to purge the bed during regeneration.
  • solar energy is collected on a rooftop unit and used to heat the purge gas. Solar heating and harvesting compressor heat and other wasted heat can be used in combination, to minimize the energy usage of the system as a whole. Independent or additional heating may be performed to achieve a particular purge gas temperature in which case a heating coil, a furnace or a gas burner can be incorporated to the system before the entry point of the purge gas.
  • FIG. 2A shows the scrubber (CS) intercepting all of the return air flow.
  • FIG. 2B shows the scrubber (CS) intercepting all of the return air flow.
  • the scrubber is positioned downstream from the air handling unit, which has the advantage of colder air entering the scrubber and cooling it. Most scrubbers, and adsorbents in particular, perform better with lower temperatures.
  • the any location of the scrubber can work, as long as there is over time adequate amount of contact between the circulating air and the scrubber somewhere along the flow path of the air before or after the air handling unit.
  • the scrubber(s) could even be distributed in the occupied space.
  • the scrubber will collect CO 2 and potentially other substances that can be disposed of in various ways. They could be released to the atmosphere, or collected in containers for handling and disposing in another location, or flowed through pipelines to another location or facility, to be stored, processed or utilized.
  • CO 2 is beneficial for greenhouses and could be directed to such greenhouses by pipes or by containers.
  • these byproduct gases can be sequestered indefinitely simply to avoid releasing them into the atmosphere. However there will be a higher cost to such disposition of these gases and it will not necessarily be economically justifiable to do so.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the addition of an oxygen concentrator (OC) to the system.
  • an oxygen concentrator takes its own outside air supply (OA2) and creates a flow of concentrated oxygen (O), which is directed through an additional intake valve in to the air handling unit, upstream from the heating/cooling elements.
  • the oxygen concentrator disposes of nitrogen and potentially other by-products back to the atmosphere as indicated at N.
  • the amount of oxygen added to the circulating air depends on flow rate and the oxygen concentration. The latter could be well over 90% as is the case in most commercially available concentrators, but even a lower concentration would achieve the desired results, with a slightly higher flow rate.
  • the oxygen concentrator can be implemented in many ways.
  • the technique for oxygen concentration is Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) or Vacuum Swing Adsorption (VSA).
  • PSA Pressure Swing Adsorption
  • VSA Vacuum Swing Adsorption
  • This technique has been known since the 1960's, it is in widespread commercial use today, and is readily available from a variety of producers making many products with different sizes and output capacities, as stand-alone systems for providing concentrated oxygen directly from air.
  • Example VSA oxygen generating systems include, but are not limited to, the PRISM VSA oxygen generation systems from Air Products Inc.; the OXYSWING product line from Innovative Gas Systems, Inc.; the ADSOSS line of oxygen generators from Linde; the VPSA oxygen generating system from Praxair Inc.
  • PSA/VSA systems utilize highly porous adsorptive solids, usually a synthetic zeolite bed, in one or more container, typically shaped as a cylindrical column, and use pumps and compressors to change the pressure of gases in these containers.
  • the technique relies on differential adsorption of oxygen and nitrogen onto the adsorbent. Thus it takes an inflow of normal air (or other gas mixtures), and generates two separate outputs: oxygen concentrated air and oxygen depleted air.
  • the advantage of PSA/VSA is that these systems can continually generate oxygen for extended periods without much maintenance.
  • Cryogenic separation is an effective way for large volumes and high purity, where the different condensation/boiling temperatures of different gases are used to separate oxygen from air.
  • Selective membranes and selective diffusion media have also been developed to separate oxygen from air.
  • Concentrated oxygen can also be generated from electrolysis of water, where electrical current through water generates oxygen gas on one electrode and hydrogen gas at the other. While these are energy intensive processes, pure hydrogen or nitrogen created as by products and can be collected and utilized for other applications.
  • exhaust air and outside air will be kept at a controlled level, lower than in a conventional HVAC system but a level that would still be warranted or desired in order to assure that there is no gradual deterioration in air quality despite the benefits of the oxygen concentrator and the scrubber.
  • X 0 is the concentration of oxygen in outside-air
  • B o is the net amount of oxygen consumed (in CFM, liters/second or any other units) by the occupants
  • M is the amount of outside air injected (in same units, CFM, liter/second, etc respectively).
  • CO 2 level, Y would be given by
  • FIG. 5 shows how air quality is maintained through a feedback system.
  • Sensors Y
  • Sensors are distributed through the building space and detect levels of one or more target gases, such as CO 2 and/or oxygen but potentially also other gases.
  • Sensors for CO 2 are commercially available, examples include the C7232 sensor from Honeywell Corp., TELAIRE sensors from General Electric.
  • a central control system CC
  • the control system detects the signal for said sensors and, based on these and the various parameters and settings of the system, controls or modifies any of the following, in order to achieve targeted conditions: OC power (on/off), OC settings, OC valves, CS settings, CS regeneration trigger, outside air flow rate, exhaust air flow rate.
  • the system can have fail safe measures to prevent unwanted elevation of oxygen, and the ability to shut down either or both oxygen concentrator and scrubber if needed and compensate by increasing outside air and exhaust air levels to those of a conventional HVAC.
  • the control system can permit the amount of scrubbing or injection of oxygen to be adjustable, whether directly or indirectly, whether electronically or manually. Adjustments can be achieved by changing the power or settings applied to the various compressors, pumps, motors, heaters, actuators or valves associated with the scrubbers and the oxygen concentrators.
  • the adjustments to the amount of scrubbing or oxygen injection can be automatically done in response to a measurement of air quality or air composition in one or more locations.
  • the adjustments to the amount of scrubbing or oxygen injection can also be automatically done based on building occupancy, time of day, day of the week, date, season or outside climate.
  • the scrubber is set to run at a constant operating mode.
  • the capacity and efficiency of the scrubber in that mode should be selected based on the occupied space and the amount of activity in the occupied space, so as to maintain desirable levels of CO 2 (or other gases).
  • the control system now controls the rate of exhaust air and outside air to either a preset minimum. If the capacity and efficiency of the scrubber is insufficient to handle the CO 2 load, then the rate of exhaust air and outside air can be set to a higher level.
  • the oxygen flow is separately controlled to maintain the target level of oxygen in the occupied space.
  • Both the control of the exhaust air valves and the oxygen inflow can be subject to a simple feedback loop, with a proportional-integral-differential (PID) algorithm with upper and lower set points.
  • PID proportional-integral-differential
  • the coupling of the oxygen concentrator to the air flow manifold can be done using any tube of duct fitting, with or without a control valve and/or a flow meter.
  • the system can be designed in a modular way so that it can be retrofitted on a pre-existing or pre-designed HVAC system. This will enable the benefit of this invention in buildings that already have HVAC systems, with relatively lower costs.
  • the oxygen concentrator and scrubber, with a control system can be installed and connected to a conventional HVAC system without having to replace the ductwork or the central air handling unit.

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US12/848,788 2010-05-17 2010-08-02 Method and System for Improved-Efficiency Air-Conditioning Abandoned US20110277490A1 (en)

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US12/848,788 US20110277490A1 (en) 2010-05-17 2010-08-02 Method and System for Improved-Efficiency Air-Conditioning
US13/109,833 US8157892B2 (en) 2010-05-17 2011-05-17 Method and system for improved-efficiency air-conditioning
CN2011800352414A CN103119376A (zh) 2010-05-17 2011-05-17 用于改善空气调节效率的方法及系统
PCT/US2011/036801 WO2011146478A1 (en) 2010-05-17 2011-05-17 Method and system for improved-efficiency air-conditioning
BR112012029309A BR112012029309A2 (pt) 2010-05-17 2011-05-17 método e sistema para melhor eficiência do condicionamento de ar
KR1020127032893A KR20130124158A (ko) 2010-05-17 2011-05-17 공조 효율 개선을 위한 방법 및 시스템
JP2013511289A JP2013526697A (ja) 2010-05-17 2011-05-17 向上された効率の空気調整のための方法およびシステム
US13/440,356 US8491710B2 (en) 2010-05-17 2012-04-05 Method and system for improved-efficiency air-conditioning
US13/937,320 US20130291732A1 (en) 2010-05-17 2013-07-09 Method and System for Improved-Efficiency Air-Conditioning
US14/845,041 US10086324B2 (en) 2010-05-17 2015-09-03 Method and system for improve-efficiency air-conditioning
US16/144,733 US10730003B2 (en) 2010-05-17 2018-09-27 Method and system for improved-efficiency air-conditioning
US16/983,636 US20210187431A1 (en) 2010-05-17 2020-08-03 Method and system for improved-efficiency air-conditioning
US18/107,438 US20230191309A1 (en) 2010-05-17 2023-02-08 Method and system for improved-efficiency air-conditioning

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CN103119376A (zh) 2013-05-22
JP2013526697A (ja) 2013-06-24
BR112012029309A2 (pt) 2016-07-26
KR20130124158A (ko) 2013-11-13

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