CA2472752C - A method of controlling the concentration of purified nitrogen and oxygen in air conditioned space - Google Patents
A method of controlling the concentration of purified nitrogen and oxygen in air conditioned space Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2472752C CA2472752C CA002472752A CA2472752A CA2472752C CA 2472752 C CA2472752 C CA 2472752C CA 002472752 A CA002472752 A CA 002472752A CA 2472752 A CA2472752 A CA 2472752A CA 2472752 C CA2472752 C CA 2472752C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- air
- nitrogen
- purified
- concentration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
- F24F11/33—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
- F24F2110/65—Concentration of specific substances or contaminants
- F24F2110/76—Oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/60—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by adding oxygen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
- Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Abstract
A bed and enclosure for the same that comprises a frame to support a mattress, legs, headboard, footboard, connecting elements and one or more reflectors, wherein a location of a mattress is selected based on a shape of a reflector and direction of incoming radiations.
Description
A METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE CONCETRATION OF PURIFIED NITROGEN
AND OXYGEN IN AIR CONDITIONED SPACE
This invention is related to the air conditioning and can be used in residential or commercial buildings having air conditioned spaces.
Various air conditioning systems have been widely used to regulate the temperature and create comfortable conditions inside homes and buildings. However, air conditioning systems have caused so called "Sick Building Syndrome" which has resulted due to the accumulation of harmful impurities in indoor air. The symptoms attributed to this syndrome include headache, nausea, and shortness of breath, sinus congestion, and eye-nose-throat irritation.
Filters and dehumidifiers have been used to remove airborne dust particles and moisture in order to clean the air in individual systems, refer the USA Patent 5,749,359 and stationary systems, refer to the USA Patents 5,502,975 and 6,589,323. However, the cleaning of indoor air does not result in the same quality, as it would be by replacing it with the outdoor one. The refreshment of indoor air can be done by employing the ventilation system to bring outdoor air inside. However, this method can further deteriorate the quality of indoor air in the case of heavy smog. Doctors often advise people with heart and breathing problems, who live in large cities, that are affected by smog, such as Toronto and Hamilton in Canada, New York and Buffalo in the USA, Mexico City, Deli in India and Rome in Italy to stay indoors during hot summer days.
To prevent the contamination of indoor air with polluted outdoor one, the latter one is used mostly for the heat exchange, as per inventions described by the Canadian Patents 2321243 and 1248807. An atmosphere control apparatus, as per Canadian Patent 1281795, employs two separate chambers with a large storage capacity. Cool and warm air, supplied by an air conditioner, is stored in the first and second chambers respectively. In order to create the required temperature, cool or warm air is selectively blown outward into the compartment. This method has limited applications and also does not have provision to refresh indoor air because the air conditioner produces warm and cold air for these compartments.
A significant health improvement was obtained through the enrichment of air with purified oxygen, which is delivered through the hoses and masks to the head - facial area of hospital patients or other recipients; refer to the USA Patents 4,991,616 and 4,681,099. The USA Patent 5,460,175 describes the distribution method of the mixture of air with up to 95% oxygen to the aircraft crewmembers. The most advanced air-oxygen breathing mixtures and method of their optimization and delivery are described in the USA Patent 6,131569 and PCT/DE97/00324. The above-mentioned invention is based on the regulation of oxygen content in the air depending on the recipient's measured physical condition and performance. However, most of these methods and systems were created to deliver the oxygen - air respiratory mixtures through the head -facial area, directly to the face or mouth of the recipients. They can't be used for the air refreshment inside the buildings and homes and to deliver fresh or enriched with oxygen air simultaneously to all the recipients, such as employees or family members.
The invention per the USA patent 6,726,558 provides systems and methods of supplying oxygen-enriched air to an enclosed space or compartment. The systems and methods may distill oxygen from ambient air by a molecular sieve pressure cycle mechanism, such as pressure swing absorption, may generate oxygen from water using electricity or may use oxygen enriched air produced by membrane filtration. The invention helps people improve their wellness, productivity and comfort, improve performance of mental and / or physical tasks, increase their alertness, quality of life and pleasure, reduce their drowsiness, and aid in curing and preventing disease by increasing the percentage of oxygen in the enclosed space to a beneficial and safe level. However, this method does not fully refresh the indoor air. Air is a mixture of 21 % oxygen (02) and 78% nitrogen (N2). Only oxygen is consumed during breathing by individuals.
However, the nitrogen content in the air is 3.7 times greater than oxygen.
Therefore, nitrogen accumulates 3.7 times more airborne contaminants in indoor air.
We have found that most disadvantages of all known methods and air conditioning systems may be overcome by injecting of a mixture of purified nitrogen and oxygen into a stream of supplied air flowing in an air passage distributing conditioned air from an air conditioning unit to the spaces, wherein the mixture being regulated in the range from 2% to 100% by volume of the supply air flow in response to a signal sent by a control board.
In other embodiment of the proposed method the concentration of purified nitrogen in the injected purified oxygen-nitrogen mixture is regulated from 1% to 100% based on the required needs.
An air conditioning system to carry out the invented method includes an air conditioner, a conditioned air supply duct, a purified oxygen storage unit connected to the air supply duct through an oxygen regulating valve, a purified nitrogen storage unit connected to the air supply duct via a nitrogen regulating valve, an oxygen analyzer being connected to a control board which regulates the valves thereby can vary the flow of purified nitrogen and oxygen into the supply duct.
The following Figure illustrates an example of the air conditioning system for the building with four floors.
In the Figure, that illustrates the air conditioning system, each floor is marked (1) through (4);
and the air conditioner (5) is connected to each floor by the air supply duct (6). Each floor is equipped with the air inlet (7) for the fresh air. Also each floor, as well as individual compartments on the floor, can be equipped with the exhaust ventilation (8) that is placed in the area that generates most significant amount of contaminants such as kitchen in the house, printing area in the office or welding or painting area in the production shop. The air supply duct (6) is connected to the compressed or liquid oxygen (11) and nitrogen (12) storage units through the regulating valves (14) and (15) respectively. The injection of liquid nitrogen and oxygen would reduce also the consumption of electric energy by the air conditioning system as they have low temperature. The oxygen analyzer (10) is placed in the main air supply duct (6) and is electronically connected to the control board (13). The control board (13) is connected electronically to the regulating valves (14) and (15), air conditioner (5), oxygen analyzers (9) and (10).
"1'he purified oxygen and nitrogen in the ratio 1:3.7 are injected into the air supply duct (6) in the range from 2% to 100% by volume of the supply air flow to maintain the normal concentration of oxygen (21%) and nitrogen (78%) in the indoor air. As a result, the injection of purified nitrogen in combination with oxygen is 3.7 times more effective to obtain refreshing effect than the injection of just oxygen because the purified oxygen and nitrogen dilute contaminants inside the building and purge them away through the exhaust ventilation (8) and natural imperfections such as leakage through windows and doors. Purified mixture of oxygen and nitrogen create the effect of fresh outdoor air inside the building and eliminate the root cause of the "Sick Building Syndrome".
The proportional changing of injected oxygen and nitrogen, or only one of these gases can be used to regulate the nitrogen and oxygen contents in the air. The concentration of oxygen is controlled by the oxygen analyzer (10) and is regulated automatically by the control board (13) through valves (14) and (15).
The proposed air conditioning system can be used to regulate the concentration of nitrogen in air by injecting of the purified oxygen-nitrogen mixture with the content of nitrogen from 1% to 100% into the air supply duct. The elevated content of nitrogen can be used for training purpose to adapt people to a lack of oxygen, different medical reasons, research, and other required needs including preventing of spreading of fire. The low content of nitrogen and elevated content of oxygen can be used to increase the energy level of people by the end of business day or in hospitals inr>ase of medical needs.
Any amount of purified oxygen and nitrogen will improve the quality of the indoor air. However, the most economical amount is 2 - 25%.
For example, if the recommended productivity of the air-conditioning system is 15 to 20 cubic feet per minute (cfm.) per person, oxygen or oxygen-nitrogen mixture should be 0.3 to 5 cf7n per person.
AND OXYGEN IN AIR CONDITIONED SPACE
This invention is related to the air conditioning and can be used in residential or commercial buildings having air conditioned spaces.
Various air conditioning systems have been widely used to regulate the temperature and create comfortable conditions inside homes and buildings. However, air conditioning systems have caused so called "Sick Building Syndrome" which has resulted due to the accumulation of harmful impurities in indoor air. The symptoms attributed to this syndrome include headache, nausea, and shortness of breath, sinus congestion, and eye-nose-throat irritation.
Filters and dehumidifiers have been used to remove airborne dust particles and moisture in order to clean the air in individual systems, refer the USA Patent 5,749,359 and stationary systems, refer to the USA Patents 5,502,975 and 6,589,323. However, the cleaning of indoor air does not result in the same quality, as it would be by replacing it with the outdoor one. The refreshment of indoor air can be done by employing the ventilation system to bring outdoor air inside. However, this method can further deteriorate the quality of indoor air in the case of heavy smog. Doctors often advise people with heart and breathing problems, who live in large cities, that are affected by smog, such as Toronto and Hamilton in Canada, New York and Buffalo in the USA, Mexico City, Deli in India and Rome in Italy to stay indoors during hot summer days.
To prevent the contamination of indoor air with polluted outdoor one, the latter one is used mostly for the heat exchange, as per inventions described by the Canadian Patents 2321243 and 1248807. An atmosphere control apparatus, as per Canadian Patent 1281795, employs two separate chambers with a large storage capacity. Cool and warm air, supplied by an air conditioner, is stored in the first and second chambers respectively. In order to create the required temperature, cool or warm air is selectively blown outward into the compartment. This method has limited applications and also does not have provision to refresh indoor air because the air conditioner produces warm and cold air for these compartments.
A significant health improvement was obtained through the enrichment of air with purified oxygen, which is delivered through the hoses and masks to the head - facial area of hospital patients or other recipients; refer to the USA Patents 4,991,616 and 4,681,099. The USA Patent 5,460,175 describes the distribution method of the mixture of air with up to 95% oxygen to the aircraft crewmembers. The most advanced air-oxygen breathing mixtures and method of their optimization and delivery are described in the USA Patent 6,131569 and PCT/DE97/00324. The above-mentioned invention is based on the regulation of oxygen content in the air depending on the recipient's measured physical condition and performance. However, most of these methods and systems were created to deliver the oxygen - air respiratory mixtures through the head -facial area, directly to the face or mouth of the recipients. They can't be used for the air refreshment inside the buildings and homes and to deliver fresh or enriched with oxygen air simultaneously to all the recipients, such as employees or family members.
The invention per the USA patent 6,726,558 provides systems and methods of supplying oxygen-enriched air to an enclosed space or compartment. The systems and methods may distill oxygen from ambient air by a molecular sieve pressure cycle mechanism, such as pressure swing absorption, may generate oxygen from water using electricity or may use oxygen enriched air produced by membrane filtration. The invention helps people improve their wellness, productivity and comfort, improve performance of mental and / or physical tasks, increase their alertness, quality of life and pleasure, reduce their drowsiness, and aid in curing and preventing disease by increasing the percentage of oxygen in the enclosed space to a beneficial and safe level. However, this method does not fully refresh the indoor air. Air is a mixture of 21 % oxygen (02) and 78% nitrogen (N2). Only oxygen is consumed during breathing by individuals.
However, the nitrogen content in the air is 3.7 times greater than oxygen.
Therefore, nitrogen accumulates 3.7 times more airborne contaminants in indoor air.
We have found that most disadvantages of all known methods and air conditioning systems may be overcome by injecting of a mixture of purified nitrogen and oxygen into a stream of supplied air flowing in an air passage distributing conditioned air from an air conditioning unit to the spaces, wherein the mixture being regulated in the range from 2% to 100% by volume of the supply air flow in response to a signal sent by a control board.
In other embodiment of the proposed method the concentration of purified nitrogen in the injected purified oxygen-nitrogen mixture is regulated from 1% to 100% based on the required needs.
An air conditioning system to carry out the invented method includes an air conditioner, a conditioned air supply duct, a purified oxygen storage unit connected to the air supply duct through an oxygen regulating valve, a purified nitrogen storage unit connected to the air supply duct via a nitrogen regulating valve, an oxygen analyzer being connected to a control board which regulates the valves thereby can vary the flow of purified nitrogen and oxygen into the supply duct.
The following Figure illustrates an example of the air conditioning system for the building with four floors.
In the Figure, that illustrates the air conditioning system, each floor is marked (1) through (4);
and the air conditioner (5) is connected to each floor by the air supply duct (6). Each floor is equipped with the air inlet (7) for the fresh air. Also each floor, as well as individual compartments on the floor, can be equipped with the exhaust ventilation (8) that is placed in the area that generates most significant amount of contaminants such as kitchen in the house, printing area in the office or welding or painting area in the production shop. The air supply duct (6) is connected to the compressed or liquid oxygen (11) and nitrogen (12) storage units through the regulating valves (14) and (15) respectively. The injection of liquid nitrogen and oxygen would reduce also the consumption of electric energy by the air conditioning system as they have low temperature. The oxygen analyzer (10) is placed in the main air supply duct (6) and is electronically connected to the control board (13). The control board (13) is connected electronically to the regulating valves (14) and (15), air conditioner (5), oxygen analyzers (9) and (10).
"1'he purified oxygen and nitrogen in the ratio 1:3.7 are injected into the air supply duct (6) in the range from 2% to 100% by volume of the supply air flow to maintain the normal concentration of oxygen (21%) and nitrogen (78%) in the indoor air. As a result, the injection of purified nitrogen in combination with oxygen is 3.7 times more effective to obtain refreshing effect than the injection of just oxygen because the purified oxygen and nitrogen dilute contaminants inside the building and purge them away through the exhaust ventilation (8) and natural imperfections such as leakage through windows and doors. Purified mixture of oxygen and nitrogen create the effect of fresh outdoor air inside the building and eliminate the root cause of the "Sick Building Syndrome".
The proportional changing of injected oxygen and nitrogen, or only one of these gases can be used to regulate the nitrogen and oxygen contents in the air. The concentration of oxygen is controlled by the oxygen analyzer (10) and is regulated automatically by the control board (13) through valves (14) and (15).
The proposed air conditioning system can be used to regulate the concentration of nitrogen in air by injecting of the purified oxygen-nitrogen mixture with the content of nitrogen from 1% to 100% into the air supply duct. The elevated content of nitrogen can be used for training purpose to adapt people to a lack of oxygen, different medical reasons, research, and other required needs including preventing of spreading of fire. The low content of nitrogen and elevated content of oxygen can be used to increase the energy level of people by the end of business day or in hospitals inr>ase of medical needs.
Any amount of purified oxygen and nitrogen will improve the quality of the indoor air. However, the most economical amount is 2 - 25%.
For example, if the recommended productivity of the air-conditioning system is 15 to 20 cubic feet per minute (cfm.) per person, oxygen or oxygen-nitrogen mixture should be 0.3 to 5 cf7n per person.
Claims (3)
1. A method of controlling the concentration of oxygen and nitrogen in residential or commercial buildings having air conditioned spaces comprising the step of injecting a mixture of purified nitrogen and oxygen into a stream of supplied air flowing in an air passage distributing conditioned air from an air conditioning unit to the spaces, the mixture being regulated in the range from 2% to 100% by volume of the supply air flow in response to a signal sent by a control board.
2. A method of controlling the concentration of oxygen and nitrogen in residential or commercial buildings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of purified nitrogen in the injected purified oxygen-nitrogen mixture is regulated from 1%
to 100%
based on the required needs.
to 100%
based on the required needs.
3. An air conditioning system that includes an air conditioner, a conditioned air supply duct, a purified oxygen storage unit connected to the air supply duct through an oxygen regulating valve, a purified nitrogen storage unit connected to the air supply duct via a nitrogen regulating valve, an oxygen analyzer being connected to a control board which regulates the valves thereby can vary the flow of purified nitrogen and oxygen into the supply duct.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002472752A CA2472752C (en) | 2004-07-08 | 2004-07-08 | A method of controlling the concentration of purified nitrogen and oxygen in air conditioned space |
| US10/962,270 US20060032241A1 (en) | 2004-07-08 | 2004-10-12 | Method and apparatus for air conditioning |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002472752A CA2472752C (en) | 2004-07-08 | 2004-07-08 | A method of controlling the concentration of purified nitrogen and oxygen in air conditioned space |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2472752A1 CA2472752A1 (en) | 2004-12-01 |
| CA2472752C true CA2472752C (en) | 2008-01-15 |
Family
ID=33557694
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002472752A Expired - Fee Related CA2472752C (en) | 2004-07-08 | 2004-07-08 | A method of controlling the concentration of purified nitrogen and oxygen in air conditioned space |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060032241A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2472752C (en) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2136148B1 (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2010-08-11 | Amrona AG | Device and method for setting the leak rate through the sealing gaps of a rotary heat exchanger |
| US20110277490A1 (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2011-11-17 | Udi Meirav | Method and System for Improved-Efficiency Air-Conditioning |
| US8157892B2 (en) | 2010-05-17 | 2012-04-17 | Enverid Systems, Inc. | Method and system for improved-efficiency air-conditioning |
| US8690999B2 (en) | 2011-02-09 | 2014-04-08 | Enverid Systems, Inc. | Modular, high-throughput air treatment system |
| BR112013029302A2 (en) | 2011-05-17 | 2017-03-01 | Enverid Systems Inc | carbon dioxide reduction sorbents from indoor air |
| WO2013074973A1 (en) | 2011-11-17 | 2013-05-23 | Enverid Systems, Inc. | Method and system for conditioning air in an enclosed environment with distributed air circuilatioin systems |
| US9328936B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2016-05-03 | Enverid Systems, Inc. | Methods and systems for managing air quality and energy use in air-conditioning systems |
| CN104379234B (en) | 2012-05-22 | 2018-02-27 | 恩沃德系统公司 | The efficient utilization of the adsorbent of washing to room air |
| CN108465344A (en) | 2012-07-18 | 2018-08-31 | 恩沃德系统公司 | Reproducing adsorbent for room air washing |
| CN104685300B (en) | 2012-09-24 | 2017-11-28 | 恩沃德系统公司 | Air treatment system with integration air processing |
| US9987584B2 (en) | 2012-11-15 | 2018-06-05 | Enverid Systems, Inc. | Method and system for reduction of unwanted gases in indoor air |
| WO2015042150A1 (en) | 2013-09-17 | 2015-03-26 | Enverid Systems, Inc. | Systems and methods for efficient heating of sorbents in an indoor air scrubber |
| US20180147526A1 (en) | 2015-05-11 | 2018-05-31 | Enverid Systems, Inc. | Method and system for reduction of unwanted gases in indoor air |
| US10792608B2 (en) | 2015-08-24 | 2020-10-06 | Enverid Systems, Inc. | Scrubber for HVAC system |
| WO2017184780A1 (en) | 2016-04-19 | 2017-10-26 | Enverid Systems, Inc. | Systems and methods for closed-loop heating and regeneration of sorbents |
| CN106247496A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-12-21 | 安徽瑞宏信息科技有限公司 | A kind of building intelligent indoor apparatus of oxygen supply |
| US11110387B2 (en) | 2016-11-10 | 2021-09-07 | Enverid Systems, Inc. | Low noise, ceiling mounted indoor air scrubber |
| EP3726154B1 (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2022-10-12 | Air Liquide Medical S.A. | Method and installation for cooling air-conditioning water by heat exchange with cryogenic liquid |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3102777A (en) * | 1962-12-28 | 1963-09-03 | Whirlpool Co | Apparatus and method of preserving animal and plant materials |
| US3415310A (en) * | 1967-06-26 | 1968-12-10 | Ind Air Products Co | Apparatus for controlling the temperature and oxygen concentration in a compartment |
| US3758029A (en) * | 1972-06-30 | 1973-09-11 | T Yoshida | Method and apparatus for air-conditioning |
| US6314754B1 (en) * | 2000-04-17 | 2001-11-13 | Igor K. Kotliar | Hypoxic fire prevention and fire suppression systems for computer rooms and other human occupied facilities |
-
2004
- 2004-07-08 CA CA002472752A patent/CA2472752C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-12 US US10/962,270 patent/US20060032241A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20060032241A1 (en) | 2006-02-16 |
| CA2472752A1 (en) | 2004-12-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20150708 |