US20110123939A1 - Method of Controlling a Combustion Facility Using a Combination of Coefficient of Resistance and Flame Front Estimation - Google Patents
Method of Controlling a Combustion Facility Using a Combination of Coefficient of Resistance and Flame Front Estimation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20110123939A1 US20110123939A1 US12/997,039 US99703908A US2011123939A1 US 20110123939 A1 US20110123939 A1 US 20110123939A1 US 99703908 A US99703908 A US 99703908A US 2011123939 A1 US2011123939 A1 US 2011123939A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- coefficient
- resistance
- combustion
- flame front
- grates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/002—Regulating fuel supply using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2207/00—Control
- F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
- F23G2207/102—Arrangement of sensing devices for pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/55—Controlling; Monitoring or measuring
- F23G2900/55009—Controlling stoker grate speed or vibrations for waste movement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
- F23N2223/36—PID signal processing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2225/00—Measuring
- F23N2225/04—Measuring pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
- F23N2229/20—Camera viewing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2241/00—Applications
- F23N2241/18—Incinerating apparatus
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method of controlling at least one parameter (1,2) of a combustion facility, said combustion facility comprising an in-feed system feeding fuel to a number of moving grates on which the fuel is fed forward and subjected to successive drying, ignition, combustion and outburning, primary air for the combustion being supplied from beneath the grates and through the layer of fuel on the grates, said method comprising -calculating a coefficient of resistance (ζpv) for the air flow through the grates and fuel, -controlling the at least one parameter (1,2) of the combustion facility based on the coefficient of resistance (ζpv), and -providing an estimation of the position (Fpv) of the flame front by image analysis of a camera image of the combustion zone and -using said estimated position (Fpv) of the flame front to provide a correction of the control of the at least one parameter (1,2) based on the coefficient of resistance (ζpv).
Description
- The present invention relates to a control method used in a combustion facility comprising a feed-in system, feeding fuel to a number of moving grates, on which the fuel is fed forward and subjected to successive drying, ignition, combustion and outburning, primary air for the combustion being supplied from beneath the grates and through the layer of fuel on the grates.
- In combustion facilities of this kind it is known to provide a control of the in-feed system and possibly the speed of the moving grates, based on a calculation of the coefficient of resistance, e.g. based on Bernoulli's principle, for the airflow through the grates and fuel. A method of this kind is known from EP 955 499.
- It is the object of the present invention to provide a method of the kind referred to above, with which it is possible to provide a more precise control of the combustion, and this object is achieved with a method of said kind, which according to the present invention provides a correction of the control based on the coefficient of resistance by using an estimated position of the flame front, which is provided by image analysis of a camera image of the combustion zone. With this arrangement, the set point to or the control signal of the coefficient of resistance controller can be corrected, whenever the position of the flame front is detected to be deviating from the optimal position thereof.
- In the following detailed part of the present description, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention shown in the drawings, in which
-
FIG. 1 schematically indicates a configuration of the feeding control system where the set point of the coefficient of resistance controller is additively corrected (feed forward) by the flame front control signal, -
FIG. 2 schematically indicates a configuration of the feeding control system where the set point of the coefficient of resistance controller is scaled (scaling) by the flame front control signal, and -
FIG. 3 schematically indicates a configuration of the feeding control system where the flame front control signal directly scales (gain scaling) the set point to the feeding control system. - The control systems shown in
FIGS. 1-3 comprise a controller for each of two parameters of a combustion facility, namely thespeed 1 of feeding combustible fuel into the combustion chamber and thespeed 2 of conveyance on a successive first combustion grate, respectively. Each of the two controllers is indicated to be PID-controllers and these are primarily controlled in accordance with aset point 3 for the grate speed, which is based on the wanted steam/energy production for the plant. Correction of the gratespeed set point 3 for the two controllers is performed by means of the coefficient of resistance ζ over the combustion zone. The coefficient of resistance ζ is calculated for the combustion zone, e.g. using measurement of pressure on opposite sides of the combined combustion grate and layer of combustible material thereon, airflow, pressure, and temperature of the combustion air, etc. The calculation of the coefficient of resistance ζ may be based on several different equations, such as -
- where
-
- Δp=Pressure loss over the grate and fuel thereon
- ζ=Coefficient of resistance
- ρ=Density of the media (combustion air)
- v=Velocity of the media
- x=Exponent dependent on flow being laminar or turbulent,
or
-
- where
-
- ζI=Coefficient of resistance
- R=Gas constant for air (=287.1 J/(kg·K))
- T=Temperature of air (K)
- P=Pressure of air (Pa)
- Δp=Pressure loss over the grate and fuel thereon
- V =Volume flow of air (m3/s)
- Or any other relevant equation giving a coefficient of resistance ζpv related to the thickness and density of the fuel on the grates.
- The coefficient of resistance ζpv over the combustion zone thus calculated provides a good indication of necessary corrections of the
speed - In accordance with the present invention, however, the set point ζsp of the coefficient of resistance may be too high or too low and needs to be corrected further. This need for correction is in accordance with the present invention provided by use of the estimated position Fpv of the flame front, said estimate being provided by image analysis of a camera image of the combustion zone. The camera is, in a preferred embodiment, a red-green-blue image camera, however, other types of cameras may be used, such as an infrared camera.
- In the exemplary embodiment shown in
FIG. 1 , the flame front controller is provided with a set point Fsp for the flame front and an estimated value Fpv for the flame front position, which is provided to a PID-controller and the output from said PID-controller for the flame front is added to the set point ζsp for the coefficient of resistance controller in order to correct this control value and in the end correct the control of the in-feed speed 1 of combustible fuel into the combustion chamber and thespeed 2 of conveyance on the successive first combustion grate. - Correspondingly
FIG. 2 shows the corresponding system, in which, however, the output from the flame front controller is multiplied by the set point asp for the coefficient of resistance controller. - Furthermore,
FIG. 3 shows an alternative configuration in which the output signal from the flame front controller is multiplied onto the gratespeed set point 3 in the same way as the coefficient of resistance controller output signal is multiplied on the result thereof, before being supplied to the PID-controllers for controlling thespeed 1 of feeding combustible fuel into the combustion chamber and thespeed 2 of conveyance on a successive first combustion grate, respectively.
Claims (6)
1. Method of controlling at least one parameter (1, 2) of a combustion facility, said combustion facility comprising
an in-feed system feeding fuel to a number of moving grates on which the fuel is fed forward and subjected to successive drying, ignition, combustion and outburning, primary air for the combustion being supplied from beneath the grates and through the layer of fuel on the grates, said method comprising
calculating a coefficient of resistance (ζpv) for the air flow through the grates and fuel,
controlling the at least one parameter (1, 2) of the combustion facility based on the coefficient of resistance (ζpv), and
providing an estimation (Fpv) of the position of the flame front by image analysis of a camera image of the combustion zone and
using said estimated position (Fpv) of the flame front to provide a correction of the control of the at least one parameter (1, 2) based on the coefficient of resistance (ζpv).
2. Method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the at least one parameter comprises the speed (1) of the in-feed system.
3. Method in accordance with claim 1 or 2 , wherein the at least one parameter comprises the speed (2) of at least one of the moving grates.
4. Method in accordance with any of the preceding claims, wherein the correction to the control based on the coefficient of resistance (ζpv) is performed by a feedforward introduction of the estimated position (Fpv) of the flame front (FIG. 1 ).
5. Method in accordance with any of the preceding claims, wherein the correction to the control based on the coefficient of resistance (ζpv) is performed by a scaling introduction of the estimated position (Fpv) of the flame front (FIG. 2 ).
6. Method in accordance with any of the preceding claims, wherein the correction to the control based on the coefficient of resistance (ζpv) is performed by a gain scaling introduction of the estimated position (Fpv) of the flame front (FIG. 3 ).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2008/001489 WO2009150480A1 (en) | 2008-06-10 | 2008-06-10 | Method of controlling a combustion facility using a combination of coefficient of resistance and flame front estimation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20110123939A1 true US20110123939A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
Family
ID=40351820
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/997,039 Abandoned US20110123939A1 (en) | 2008-06-10 | 2008-06-10 | Method of Controlling a Combustion Facility Using a Combination of Coefficient of Resistance and Flame Front Estimation |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110123939A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2324288B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5449335B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101531738B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102057223B (en) |
CA (1) | CA2725490C (en) |
DK (1) | DK2324288T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2704012T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2324288T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009150480A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015155565A1 (en) * | 2014-04-07 | 2015-10-15 | Babcock & Wilcox Vølund A/S | Regulation of incineration in dependence of fluctuations in the price on electricity |
JP6723864B2 (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2020-07-15 | 株式会社タクマ | Combustion control device equipped with a garbage moving speed detection function |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4528918A (en) * | 1983-04-20 | 1985-07-16 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Method of controlling combustion |
US5081940A (en) * | 1989-11-10 | 1992-01-21 | Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. | Waste disposal method and apparatus |
US5606924A (en) * | 1993-12-29 | 1997-03-04 | Martin Gmbh Fuer Umwelt- Und Energietechnik | Process for regulating individual factors or all factors influencing combustion on a furnace grate |
US6145453A (en) * | 1998-05-05 | 2000-11-14 | Martin Gmbh Fuer Unwelt- Und Energietechnik | Method for controlling the firing rate of combustion installations |
US20080081302A1 (en) * | 2006-09-30 | 2008-04-03 | Powitec Intelligent Technologies Gmbh | Regulating a combustion process |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS591919A (en) * | 1982-06-24 | 1984-01-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Control method of combustion |
DE3904272C3 (en) * | 1989-02-14 | 1998-01-08 | Steinmueller Gmbh L & C | Method for detecting the radiation emanating from at least two spatially separate locations of at least one combustion zone on a grate and device for detecting such radiation |
JPH04371712A (en) * | 1991-06-21 | 1992-12-24 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Combustion control method for garbage incinerator |
JP3099229B2 (en) * | 1997-07-16 | 2000-10-16 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Waste transfer control system for horizontal stoker type waste incinerator |
JP3763963B2 (en) * | 1998-03-16 | 2006-04-05 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Stoker temperature control device for waste incinerator and combustion control device for waste incinerator equipped with the same |
EP1726876B1 (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2015-05-06 | Takuma Co., Ltd. | Improved method of combusting solid waste |
-
2008
- 2008-06-10 DK DK08762825.1T patent/DK2324288T3/en active
- 2008-06-10 JP JP2011513059A patent/JP5449335B2/en active Active
- 2008-06-10 EP EP08762825.1A patent/EP2324288B1/en active Active
- 2008-06-10 ES ES08762825T patent/ES2704012T3/en active Active
- 2008-06-10 KR KR1020117000384A patent/KR101531738B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2008-06-10 PL PL08762825T patent/PL2324288T3/en unknown
- 2008-06-10 CN CN2008801297643A patent/CN102057223B/en active Active
- 2008-06-10 CA CA2725490A patent/CA2725490C/en active Active
- 2008-06-10 WO PCT/IB2008/001489 patent/WO2009150480A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-06-10 US US12/997,039 patent/US20110123939A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4528918A (en) * | 1983-04-20 | 1985-07-16 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Method of controlling combustion |
US5081940A (en) * | 1989-11-10 | 1992-01-21 | Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. | Waste disposal method and apparatus |
US5606924A (en) * | 1993-12-29 | 1997-03-04 | Martin Gmbh Fuer Umwelt- Und Energietechnik | Process for regulating individual factors or all factors influencing combustion on a furnace grate |
US6145453A (en) * | 1998-05-05 | 2000-11-14 | Martin Gmbh Fuer Unwelt- Und Energietechnik | Method for controlling the firing rate of combustion installations |
US20080081302A1 (en) * | 2006-09-30 | 2008-04-03 | Powitec Intelligent Technologies Gmbh | Regulating a combustion process |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20110026470A (en) | 2011-03-15 |
JP2011523022A (en) | 2011-08-04 |
JP5449335B2 (en) | 2014-03-19 |
WO2009150480A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
EP2324288A1 (en) | 2011-05-25 |
CN102057223B (en) | 2013-06-12 |
KR101531738B1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
EP2324288B1 (en) | 2018-11-21 |
CA2725490C (en) | 2015-11-24 |
CA2725490A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
DK2324288T3 (en) | 2018-12-17 |
CN102057223A (en) | 2011-05-11 |
ES2704012T3 (en) | 2019-03-13 |
PL2324288T3 (en) | 2019-05-31 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: BABCOCK & WILCOX VOLUND A/S, DENMARK Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:THOMSEN, SOEREN NYMANN;SOERENSEN, BENNY ELBAEK;SIGNING DATES FROM 20110102 TO 20110107;REEL/FRAME:025695/0622 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- AFTER EXAMINER'S ANSWER OR BOARD OF APPEALS DECISION |