US20110114391A1 - Grip head for an earth boring unit - Google Patents

Grip head for an earth boring unit Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110114391A1
US20110114391A1 US12/918,290 US91829009A US2011114391A1 US 20110114391 A1 US20110114391 A1 US 20110114391A1 US 91829009 A US91829009 A US 91829009A US 2011114391 A1 US2011114391 A1 US 2011114391A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
casing
grip head
tube
sleeve
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/918,290
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English (en)
Inventor
Dietmar Scheider
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of US20110114391A1 publication Critical patent/US20110114391A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
    • E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/02—Rod or cable suspensions
    • E21B19/06—Elevators, i.e. rod- or tube-gripping devices
    • E21B19/07—Slip-type elevators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/10—Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems
    • E21B21/106—Valve arrangements outside the borehole, e.g. kelly valves
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a grip head for earth-drilling system, comprising
  • a sleeve provided coaxially on the tube so as to move relative thereto and having at least one lower end, in particular one widening downward, in particular widening in a frustoconical shape,
  • the jaws supported in the tube and/or on the sleeve so as to move radially relative to the tube, the jaws at their radially outer ends having abutment faces that interact with the widening lower end such that by sliding the lower end over the jaws they are pressed radially inward and form first grab means for an upper end of a casing that is insertable/inserted into the sleeve, in particular in such a way that due to the interaction between the jaws and the casing torque can be transmitted between the tube and the casing, and
  • second grab means provided in the tube for securing an inserted/insertable casing axially at its upper end, in particular so as to hold the casing stationary axially against gravity relative to the grip head.
  • a grip head of this type for use in well boreholes has already been disclosed by the instant applicant in German patent application DE 10 2008 012 729.9.
  • the grip head described there, for which the interaction with a drill pipe was described, is in principle also capable of accommodating a casing, such as that described above, in place of a drill pipe.
  • both grab means can be operated independently of each other, for example either sequentially, but also simultaneously, for example, by synchronization in a master control unit that controls the drives.
  • the drives can comprise, for example at least one, preferably, multiple cylinder-piston units distributed uniformly within the tube.
  • casings have been used in connection with implementing well boreholes for the purpose of stabilizing the walls of the well borehole after drilling and after the drill pipe has been lifted out.
  • the casing itself is hollow so that the inner free diameter of the bore is maintained; however, a long-term stabilization of the borehole is effectuated by the casing wall.
  • the object of the invention is thus to provide a grip head of the type described above that offers the ability to insert a casing into existing well boreholes in the ground at a later point in time, and in so doing to enable the casing not only to be inserted but also, in particular to be screwed into the borehole.
  • an additional goal is to use drilling mud, in particular water as a fluid, such that a concentration of the circulating force of the drilling mud within the borehole can be achieved.
  • a circulation pipe for the delivery of a drilling mud extends coaxially in the tube and is rotationally fixed thereto, the lower end of the pipe being surrounded by an annular bladder inflatable in particular by a fluid.
  • the essential core idea in the construction of the grip head according to the invention is that a casing inserted in the grip head can be clamped securely first of all by the two grab means described above, and in particular by the movable jaws whose radial displacement clamps a casing inserted into the grip head securely in place so as to cause the casing in the ground to also rotate by rotation of the grip head.
  • the above-referenced second grab means ensures here that an upper end, in particular of the casing, is held surely in place in the grip head, in particular against the force of gravity, so as to prevent the casing from sliding out of the grip head axially of the casing.
  • the jaws of the first grab means can have, for example a surface formation on the face engaging the casing.
  • the surface can have a structuring, and/or a preferably a coating, that functions like a friction lining.
  • This type of coating can for example have particles, for example sand, diamonds, etc., that enhance the effective engagement.
  • the force can be applied over a large surface area to the casing, thereby avoiding any local damage.
  • a seal can be achieved here between the circulation pipe and the casing by the inflatable bladder that extends annularly around the circulation pipe in a region between circulation pipe and an inner wall of the casing, thereby preventing the drilling mud pumped in at high pressure from escaping upward through the grip head.
  • the annular bladder is composed of a flexible, in particular elastic material.
  • the flexibility ensures that when inflated the bladder automatically adjusts to the shapes that exist in the annular space between circulation pipe and casing.
  • the preferred elasticity of the bladder ensures that fluid pumped into the bladder also automatically then escapes from the bladder due to the fact that the inflated elastic material tends to contract and thus force the pumped-in fluid out of the bladder.
  • a separate pump can be used, but also a pump that is employed in any case for an earth-drilling system having this type of grip head according to the invention.
  • the attachment thus always achieves the optimum position relative to the circulation pipe and relative to an inserted casing.
  • the attachment can be selected so that the bladder is above the lower end of the circulation pipe and simultaneously relative to a casing inserted into the grip head below the upper end of the casing.
  • the bladder has a fluid supply line that is able to be supplied with fluid from a rotary feedthrough fitting attached to the circulation pipe.
  • this rotary feedthrough fitting can have an inner fluid-conducting annular part that is rotationally fixed to the circulation pipe and is connected do the fluid supply line, and has an outer fluid-conducting annular part rotatable relative to the inner annular part, which is rotationally fixed to a surrounding machine assembly and through which fluid is supplied to the inner annular part when the annular parts rotate relative to each other.
  • the delivery of fluid to the rotary feedthrough fitting and then to the bladder can be effected by a surrounding machine assembly through an outer rotatable annular part on the feedthrough fitting, this part being rotationally fixed relative to the surrounding machine assembly, where here too the rotational decoupling between outer and inner annular parts ensures that the delivery to the rotary feedthrough fitting and its outer annular part does not experience any twisting in response to rotation of a grip head relative to a surrounding machine assembly.
  • this feedthrough fitting has three fluid conduits; in particular three rotary feedthrough fittings are thus technically implemented in one part. Accordingly, the ability is thus created by this rotary feedthrough fitting to deliver three different working fluids independently from the outside, i.e. from a surrounding machine assembly, to a rotating grip head.
  • provision can for example be made whereby one fluid conduit handles the fluid supply line and/or fluid discharge to and/or from the bladder, where two other fluid conduits are used to deliver fluid to at least one cylinder-piston unit each for axial movement of the sleeve on the tube in opposite directions.
  • actuation of the grab means of the grip head can be effected by movement of the movable sleeve relative to the tube, where at least one cylinder-piston unit is provided to actuate the sleeve for movement axially for each of the two possible directions.
  • at least one cylinder-piston unit can be used to move the sleeve downward relative to the tube, and at least one other can be used to move the sleeve upward relative to the tube.
  • Each of these cylinder-piston units can receive its working fluid from one of the conduits of the above-referenced rotary feedthrough fitting. The ability thus exists to deliver all requisite working fluids to the grip head according to the invention using only a single rotary feedthrough fitting.
  • FIG. 1 here provides a schematic sectional view of a grip head according to the invention that comprises a tube 3 on which is coaxially mounted a sleeve 1 , a so-called a grip head cap whose lower end widens downward in a frustoconical funnel shape.
  • the inner wall region of this downwardly flared lower end of the movable sleeve forms actuating surfaces for radially outer ends or abutment faces of jaws 2 that are thus automatically moved radially inward by axial downward movement of the sleeve.
  • These clamping jaws 2 can be movably mounted on the sleeve 1 and/or on the tube 3 .
  • FIG. 1 shows a casing 9 inserted in the grip head according to the invention, where the jaws 2 bear radially inward on the outer surface of the casing 9 due to the downward displacement of the outer sleeve 1 and create a frictional and/or nonpositive engagement. This creates the ability to transmit torque to the casing 9 by rotating the entire grip head according to the invention to insert the casing by rotation into a borehole.
  • FIG. 1 furthermore shows second grab means that is formed by multiple inner wedges 4 arranged around the casing 9 , where each inner wedge 4 has a radially outwardly directed guide face 4 a that bears on a radially inwardly directed guide face 3 a formed in the tube 3 , thereby enabling radial movement of the inner wedges, in particular inward, to be effected by moving the respective inner wedge 4 axially, in particular downward.
  • the individual inner wedges 4 of the second grab means are moved when the sleeve 1 outside the tube 3 moves axially downward, in particular in the normal working position.
  • a mechanical linkage is provided that extends, for example, through the wall of the tube 3 between the outer sleeve 1 and inner wedges 4 .
  • the relative orientation of the guide faces 3 a and 4 a of the tube 3 and of the inner wedges 4 here has the effect that axial movement automatically causes radial movement of the inner wedges 4 such that they bear in positive engagement against the casing 9 enclosed by the tube.
  • the kinematic translation of an axial movement effected by the inner wedges 4 into a radial inward movement can be effected here, for example, in that the engaged guide faces 3 a and 4 a on the inner wedges 4 and the tube 3 are inclined relative to the central axis of the tube 3 , in particular are at an acute angle thereto when viewed in cross-section.
  • a positive engagement between the inner wedges 4 and the casing 9 can be achieved here by contact faces 4 b that are provided on the inner wedges 4 and their radial inner end faces that are shaped complementarily to the casing 9 , in particular at their upper ends, for example, to the diameter of the casing 9 , with the result that these contact faces 4 b , have for example at least one cylindrical-section-type surface region, and/or can also be formed with a shoulder 9 a that fits with the casing, or have a step 9 a at which the diameter of the casing changes, in particular is reduced from top to bottom.
  • This reduction at the referenced shoulder or step 9 a can be effected, for example, by a right-angle step relative to the axis of the casing, or also by a conical step or possible other shapes.
  • the contact faces 4 b of inner wedges 4 have portions that are adapted to this type of shoulder or step 9 a , thereby enabling an axial lifting force or retaining force to be exerted on the casing by positive engagement between the inner wedges 4 and the casing 9 , due to the fit of the inner wedges 4 with this shoulder or step 9 a when the contact face 4 b engages the shoulder or step 9 a without the inner wedges 4 sliding axially relative to the casing 9 .
  • the guide face 3 a as an opposing surface for those guide faces 4 a on each inner wedge 4 , provision can be made in the embodiment shown here whereby this guide face is formed inside the tube 3 by a radially inwardly projecting annular ridge 3 b whose inner periphery forms a frustoconical inner face that is coaxial to a central axis M of the tube 3 , in particular such that this frustoconical inner face tapers downward in the normal working position of the grip head.
  • a frustoconical inner face on the inner annular ridge inside the tube has advantages in terms production engineering since this type of frustoconical inner face can be easily effectuated by internally turning out a shaft.
  • a the tube 3 can be produced from a solid material.
  • the radially outwardly directed guide faces 4 a of inner wedges 4 can furthermore be designed as outer conical outer surface regions corresponding to the frustoconical inner face. This is the result when both guide faces 4 a on inner wedges 4 as well as those on the projecting annular ridge are of frustoconical shape, or form a section of a frustoconical inner face, such that there is only one specific position at which respective guide faces 4 a of inner wedge 4 and annular ridge 3 b contact each other in positive engagement since outside this specific position the respective diameters of the individual conical surfaces do not match each other relative to central axis M of the tube 3 .
  • the second grab means can thus be implemented such that at the moment when an optimal positive engagement exists between the inner wedges 4 and the casing 9 an optimal positive engagement is also present between the guide faces 3 a and 4 a . In this way, forces are optimally transmitted between the surfaces while avoiding high local loads.
  • This embodiment furthermore has the advantage that when no positive engagement yet exists between the inner wedge 4 and the casing 9 , or between the respective guide faces, these guide faces do not contact each other over their entire surface areas but only at certain points or linearly, thereby reducing friction between the guide faces in this position of the inner wedges.
  • the bolt 6 is located in a slot of the inner wedge 4 or its above-referenced projection that is elongated radially, in other words, for example, analogously to a radially elongated slot.
  • inner wedges 4 are actuated by movement of the outer sleeve 1 .
  • a linkage can be provided from inside the tube 3 to outside the sleeve 1 .
  • the inner wedges 4 here are movable axially, in particular in the direction of increasing positive bearing on the casing by an actuating element 5 provided inside the tube 3 , the actuating element 5 being connected to the sleeve 1 outside the tube by at least one radial link that extends through an slot 3 c in the tube 3 .
  • this slot 3 c is elongated axially of the tube 3 so that in response to axial movement of the sleeve 1 a link that extends radially through this slot 3 c can shift axially in the slot 3 c .
  • movement of the sleeve 1 outside the tube 3 can be transmitted into the tube 3 due to the fact that the actuating element 5 connected by the links moves together with the sleeve 1 .
  • the movement of the actuating element 5 can thus be transmitted in various ways to inner wedges 4 , for example by having the actuating element 5 act directly and immediately on the inner wedges 4 or by having the actuating element 5 act indirectly through intermediate elements on the inner wedges 4 .
  • actuating element 5 is a ring with a central hole surrounding the casing, and with all the inner wedges 4 movable this actuating element 5 .
  • attachment can be effected by a screw connection, or the bolts 6 can extend in guide holes provided on the annular ridge 3 b formed in the tube and forming the frustoconical outer guide face.
  • the bolts 6 here angularly equispaced around and radially equispaced from the central axis M, as are the respective inner wedges 4 that are movably mounted thereon.
  • At least one of the inner wedges 4 in particular each inner wedge in the tube 3 , can be biased against a resetting force in the direction of increasing positive engagement and thus, in particular in a downward direction in terms of the normal working position.
  • This resetting force can be exerted, for example, by a compression spring 7 , in particular one that is supported at one end, in particular at its lower end, on the respective inner wedge 4 , and is supported at its opposite end, in particular at its upper end, on the annular ridge mentioned above.
  • This compression spring 7 can surround the respective bolt 6 , also referenced above.
  • the movement by the inner wedges 4 in the direction of increasing positive engagement against a resetting force has the advantage that the inner wedges 4 can be pressed axially against a shoulder or step 9 a formed on the casing by this resetting force. This produces the effect whereby, at the moment when the casing releases the inner wedges 4 , the inner and outer guide faces are moved out of engagement by the resetting force, in other words, are shifted upward for example, relative to the normal working position. As a result, the casing is released from the inner wedges 4 .
  • This type of release between the casing 9 and the inner wedge 4 can be effected, for example when the casing 9 is inserted into the ground and the grip head moves downward relative to the casing 9 away from shoulder 9 a of the casing 9 a axially of the casing 9 .
  • this type of compression spring 8 is disposed directly between actuating element 5 and inner wedge 4 , or, on the other hand, in an especially preferred embodiment shown here, whereby this type of compression spring 8 is disposed between an actuating element 5 and an intermediate element 5 a , for example an intermediate ring 5 a located between the actuating element 5 and the inner wedges 4 . All the inner wedges 4 can in turn be contacted through this intermediate ring 5 a .
  • the spring elements 8 can accordingly be provided between the annular end faces of the intermediate ring 5 a and the actuating element 5 , for example, preferably where the above-referenced bolts 6 extend starting from actuating element 5 through intermediate ring 5 a and inner wedges 4 .
  • each of these springs 8 can thus surround a respective one of the bolts 6 .
  • This embodiment has the particular advantage according to the invention that the sleeve 1 is movable axially relative to the tube 3 , where initially the inner wedges 4 are movable into a positive engagement with the casing 9 due to the indirect action of inner wedge 5 through compression springs 8 , where an axial range of movement remains after this positive engagement is achieved between the actuating element 5 and the inner wedge 4 , or between the actuating element 5 and the intermediate ring 5 a.
  • This axial travel essentially results here due to the fact that the compression springs 8 are not compressed completely when positive engagement is achieved. An axial travel thus remains that is provided by the compression of compression springs 8 achieved during positive engagement up to the maximum possible compression of compression springs 8 , for example when their coils contact each other or a separate stop is provided.
  • the construction of the grip head according to the invention is therefore such that due to this remaining travel the outer sleeve 1 is able to continue moving axially within this given travel even when there is positive engagement between the inner wedges 4 and the casing until an effective engagement is created between jaws 2 of the first clamping device and the casing 9 .
  • This effective engagement can be provided, for example, by a nonpositive, positive, and/or frictional engagement between the jaws 2 of the first clamping device and the casing 9 .
  • this type of grip head When carrying and manipulating the casing 9 , this type of grip head according to the invention thus provides not only the lifting forces exerted for this purpose but also at the same time the ability to rotate the casing due to the capability of transmitting torque, thus reducing adhesion between the casing 9 and the ground, and significantly facilitating the process of insertion.
  • the grip head according to the invention illustrated here furthermore has a circulation pipe 14 rotationally fixed to this grip head and extending coaxially of the central axis M through the grip head, and a cover plate 15 extending across the upper end of the tube 3 and rotationally fixed thereto.
  • the lower end of the circulation pipe 14 here terminates inside 1 the grip head according to the invention, or below the lower end of the tube 3 , thereby always ensuring that the casing 9 introduced from below into the grip head according to the invention, which casing coaxially surrounds circulation pipe 14 , engages with its upper end above the lower end of the circulation pipe 14 . Provision is made here whereby the upper end of the casing 9 , and in particular a step or shoulder 9 a disposed on this upper end, can be gripped securely by the above-described inner wedges 4 , thereby securing in place the casing axially.
  • FIG. 1 here furthermore reveals that a bladder 11 of annular design is disposed in the annular space between the circulation pipe 14 and the casing 9 , which bladder has a fluid supply line 12 that also extends through the top cover plate 15 and is attached here to an inner annular part of a rotary feedthrough fitting 13 , this inner annular part being designed to be rotationally fixed to circulation pipe 14 .
  • Inflation of the bladder 11 can thus be achieved by the fluid supply line to the rotary feedthrough fitting 13 , with the result that the annular space between the circulation pipe 14 and the casing 9 can be sealed against the drilling mud that is pumped into the casing 9 through the circulation pipe 14 .
  • the pumped-in drilling mud thus can only move downward inside the casing 9 and cannot move upward past the bladder 11 , with the result that the drilling mud in the casing 9 is only pumped downward and lubricates the borehole, thereby ensuring easier insertion of the casing 9 into the borehole.
  • the inflated bladder ensures that any built-up pressure of the drilling mud is maintained completely within the casing 9 .
  • the rotary feedthrough fitting 13 can have not only one conduit to conduct fluid but optionally multiple conduits, in particular two additional conduits, in order to operate cylinder-piston units not shown here so as to move the outer sleeve 1 axially relative to the tube 3 .
  • the constructive design of the grip head according to the invention as presented here can thus ensure that a casing is secured in place axially by the second grab means in the grip head described here and also that a transmission of torque to the casing can be effected by the first grab means with jaws 2 , where at the same time drilling mud can be applied through the circulation pipe into the casing and a seal continues to be assured between circulation pipe and casing.
US12/918,290 2008-04-28 2009-04-29 Grip head for an earth boring unit Abandoned US20110114391A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008021491A DE102008021491A1 (de) 2008-04-29 2008-04-29 Spannkopf für eine Erdbohranlage
DE102008021491.4 2008-04-29
PCT/EP2009/003100 WO2009132831A2 (de) 2008-04-29 2009-04-29 Spannkopf für eine erdbohranlage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20110114391A1 true US20110114391A1 (en) 2011-05-19

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/918,290 Abandoned US20110114391A1 (en) 2008-04-28 2009-04-29 Grip head for an earth boring unit

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US20110114391A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2268888A2 (de)
CN (1) CN102037207A (de)
DE (1) DE102008021491A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2009132831A2 (de)

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US20130000885A1 (en) * 2011-06-30 2013-01-03 Tucker Donnie C Pipe grapple
WO2015095668A1 (en) * 2013-12-21 2015-06-25 Michael Hernandez External trap apparatus and method for safely controlling tool string assemblies
CN108030205A (zh) * 2018-01-11 2018-05-15 李成徯 一种潮湿雨伞的擦干缩紧装置
US11391092B2 (en) 2019-02-20 2022-07-19 Tracto-Technik Gmbh & Co. Kg Ground drilling device, system comprising the ground drilling device, method for producing a ground drilling device, and use of a ground drilling device
CN115979522A (zh) * 2023-03-20 2023-04-18 山东远大消防科技有限公司 一种消防管件试压机

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KR20130101104A (ko) 2010-11-04 2013-09-12 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 필터 요소를 형성하는 방법
CN104481392B (zh) * 2014-12-04 2016-06-01 连云港黄海勘探技术有限公司 立轴岩心钻机双卡盘交替倒杆装置
CN107386958A (zh) * 2017-08-14 2017-11-24 朱国新 一种新型桥梁装置
CN110821436B (zh) * 2019-11-19 2021-11-02 瑞安市浙工大创新创业研究院 一种石油开采用防喷装置
CN112963102B (zh) * 2021-02-03 2023-02-07 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 光杆卡子

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US20130000885A1 (en) * 2011-06-30 2013-01-03 Tucker Donnie C Pipe grapple
US8708038B2 (en) * 2011-06-30 2014-04-29 Donnie C. Tucker Pipe grapple
WO2015095668A1 (en) * 2013-12-21 2015-06-25 Michael Hernandez External trap apparatus and method for safely controlling tool string assemblies
US10597980B2 (en) 2013-12-21 2020-03-24 Michael Hernandez External trap apparatus and method for safely controlling tool string assemblies
CN108030205A (zh) * 2018-01-11 2018-05-15 李成徯 一种潮湿雨伞的擦干缩紧装置
US11391092B2 (en) 2019-02-20 2022-07-19 Tracto-Technik Gmbh & Co. Kg Ground drilling device, system comprising the ground drilling device, method for producing a ground drilling device, and use of a ground drilling device
CN115979522A (zh) * 2023-03-20 2023-04-18 山东远大消防科技有限公司 一种消防管件试压机

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CN102037207A (zh) 2011-04-27
EP2268888A2 (de) 2011-01-05
WO2009132831A2 (de) 2009-11-05
DE102008021491A1 (de) 2009-11-05
WO2009132831A3 (de) 2010-12-09

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