US20110094499A1 - Method and apparatus for correcting heliostat - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for correcting heliostat Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110094499A1
US20110094499A1 US13/001,244 US200913001244A US2011094499A1 US 20110094499 A1 US20110094499 A1 US 20110094499A1 US 200913001244 A US200913001244 A US 200913001244A US 2011094499 A1 US2011094499 A1 US 2011094499A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
heliostat
correcting
center reflector
irradiation device
focal point
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US13/001,244
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English (en)
Inventor
Makoto Kounosu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd filed Critical Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
Assigned to MITSUI ENGINEERING & SHIPBUILDING CO., LTD. reassignment MITSUI ENGINEERING & SHIPBUILDING CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KOUNOSU, MAKOTO
Publication of US20110094499A1 publication Critical patent/US20110094499A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
    • G01M11/005—Testing of reflective surfaces, e.g. mirrors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/79—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with spaced and opposed interacting reflective surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
    • G01B11/27—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
    • G01S3/78—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S3/782—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
    • G01S3/785—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system
    • G01S3/786—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system the desired condition being maintained automatically
    • G01S3/7861—Solar tracking systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/62—Optical apparatus specially adapted for adjusting optical elements during the assembly of optical systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
    • F24S2050/25—Calibration means; Methods for initial positioning of solar concentrators or solar receivers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat collecting device which collects solar heat by means of multiple heliostats, and more particularly relates to a method and an apparatus for correcting a heliostat which reflects solar heat.
  • multiple heliostats having planar reflecting mirrors are arranged around a tower having a heater made of a heat medium provided in an upper part thereof, and the multiple planar reflecting mirrors are adjusted so that solar heat can be concentrated into the heater.
  • multiple heliostats having planar reflecting mirrors are arranged around a tower having a hemispherical center reflector provided in an upper part thereof, and a heater made of a heating medium provided below the reflector plate to collect solar heat reflected from the multiple reflecting mirrors.
  • each heliostat is provided with a tracking device sensing the movement of the sun, and is controlled so as to irradiate the heater or the center reflector with solar heat.
  • an orientation angle and an elevation angle are roughly adjusted on the basis of calculated values obtained from numerical values specified in design drawings, and then the orientation angle and the elevation angle are further adjusted on the basis of calculated values obtained from numerical values derived from measurement of the actually-used heliostat.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese patent application Kokai publication No. 2005-106432
  • Non-patent Document 1 Solar Energy, Volume 62, Number 2, February 1998, pp. 121-129(9)
  • solar thermal power tower systems and beam-down systems for solar thermal power generation are built in desert areas and the like in Middle Eastern countries and the like, where the difference in temperature between day and night is large and the solar thermal power tower systems and the beam-down systems for solar thermal power generation are exposed to gale force wind. Therefore, there has been a problem that large mirror plates (facets) disposed on the heliostat are dislocated. That is, there has been a problem that the heat collecting efficiency gradually decreases from the time when the power generation systems are first installed.
  • the present invention has an object to provide a correcting method and a correcting apparatus, the method and the apparatus being capable of adjusting a heliostat on site while actually measuring that an optical axis of facets disposed on the heliostat and an optical axis of an upper focus of the center reflector are in alignment.
  • a method for correcting a heliostat according to the present invention is configured as follows so as to achieve the above-described object.
  • the method for correcting a heliostat, in a heat collecting device including: a center reflector provided in an upper portion thereof; a heat receiving part provided in a lower part thereof; and a plurality of heliostats arranged around the center reflector, is characterized by comprising the steps of: providing an irradiation device irradiating an upper focal point of the center reflector and the heliostat with laser beams, respectively; and adjusting an elevation angle and/or a turning angle of the heliostat so that a reflected light of the laser beam applied on the heliostat forms a same axial line as the laser beam applied on the upper focal point of the center reflector.
  • An apparatus for correcting a heliostat according to the present invention is configured as follows.
  • the apparatus for correcting a heliostat, in a heat collecting device including: a center reflector provided in an upper portion thereof; a heat receiving part provided in a lower part thereof; and a plurality of heliostats arranged around the center reflector, is characterized by comprising an irradiation device irradiating the center reflector and the heliostat with laser beams, respectively, the irradiation device being provided on a light path connecting an upper focal point of the center reflector and the heliostat to each other.
  • the apparatus for correcting a heliostat is characterized by comprising: a light receiving device detecting a reflection laser beam reflected from the heliostat, the light receiving device being provided in the vicinity of the laser irradiation device side-by-side therewith; and an adjusting device which turns and elevates the irradiation device and the light receiving device.
  • the apparatus for correcting a heliostat is characterized in that the laser irradiation device is attached to and detached from the correcting apparatus by attachment and detachment means, and is driven by a storage battery.
  • the apparatus for correcting a heliostat is characterized in that the laser irradiation device irradiates the upper focal point of the center reflector with a laser beam having a wavelength in a range of 500 nanometers to 590 nanometers.
  • the apparatus for correcting a heliostat is characterized in that the light receiving device is a sun tracking device.
  • the irradiation device which irradiates an upper focal point of the center reflector and the heliostat with laser beams, respectively, is provided.
  • the elevation angle and/or the turning angle of the heliostat is adjusted so that a reflected light of the laser beam applied on the heliostat forms the same axial line with the laser beam applied on the upper focal point of the center reflector. Therefore, correction at an extremely high accuracy can be achieved in comparison with adjusting methods based on measurement and adjusting methods in which workers carry out adjustment by looking in a telescope.
  • the laser irradiation device can be attached and detached, multiple heliostats can be corrected sequentially with the single irradiation device. Therefore, installation costs of the irradiation device can be reduced.
  • the correction operation can be carried out even by one person, the efficiency can be improved significantly compared to an adjustment operation carried out by multiple persons upon spending time and effort.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a solar thermal power generation system.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a correcting apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing of a laser irradiation device.
  • FIG. 4 is a drawing showing a method for correcting a heliostat using the correcting apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5A shows the relation between movement of a facet disposed on the heliostat and the correcting apparatus during correction.
  • FIG. 5B shows the relation between movement of the facet disposed on the heliostat and the correcting apparatus after completion of the correction.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a solar thermal power generation system A in which a correcting apparatus according to the present invention is used.
  • the solar thermal power generation system A is provided with a disc-shaped center reflector 30 supported on an upper part of a supporting column 31 and a heliostat 20 arranged around the center reflector 30 .
  • a receiver 33 Beneath the center reflector 30 , a receiver 33 which collects solar heat is provided.
  • a power generation system (not shown in the drawing), such as a steam turbine using molten salt heated by the receiver 33 as a thermal source, is also provided.
  • the heliostat 20 described above has multiple facets 21 arranged therein in three rows, and the facets are linked together via a link 24 A of an elevating device 24 so that the elevation angles of the respective facets can be adjusted. Also, the turning angle of the heliostat 20 can be adjusted with a turning device 25 .
  • a correcting apparatus 1 includes: an irradiation device 2 on which laser oscillators 2 A and 2 B are formed in such a manner as to respectively extend linearly from both sides of a flange-shaped attachment 2 F, and a light receiving device 3 which is disposed in the vicinity of the irradiation device 2 to detect a reflected light L 4 of a laser beam. Further, the irradiation device 2 and a light receiving device 3 are fixed to a fixing plate 4 so that respective axial lines can be parallel to each other.
  • the fixing plate 4 is pivoted on two arm parts 8 erected on a bed plate 8 D, and can be fixed at a specific elevation angle by placing a positioning bolt 8 A through a circular bolt hole. Further, the bed plate 8 D is fixed to a plate-shaped base part 6 with a bolt 6 A, and a bolt hole for the bolt 6 A also has a circular shape so that the bed plate 8 D can be fixed rotatably. In addition, the bed plate 8 D can be subjected to fine adjustment with a slow-motion stage 9 provided below the base part 6 .
  • a horizontal adjusting device 13 and a vertical adjusting device 12 are provided.
  • a member, such as a micrometer head, which is capable of carrying out fine adjustment is used for these adjusting devices.
  • the irradiation device 2 is provided with the laser oscillators 2 A and 2 B respectively provided on both sides of a flange-shaped attachment 2 F so that laser beams L 1 and L 2 respectively irradiated from the laser oscillators 2 A and 2 B can come on a same axial line.
  • a side surface of the attachment part 2 F is formed on a reference plane f so that the irradiation device 2 can be parallel to the light receiver 3 when attached to the fixing plate 4 .
  • the light receiver 3 serves as a sun tracking sensor.
  • the turning device 25 and the elevating device 24 of the heliostat 20 are controlled so that a reflected light r 2 from the heliostat 20 can be the maximum value.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic drawing showing a state in which the heliostat 20 is being corrected by adjusting the orientation angle and the elevation angle of the facet 21 disposed on the heliostat 20 .
  • the correcting apparatus 1 is arranged on a light path c connecting the center reflector 30 and the heliostat 20 to each other, and is disposed in the vicinity of the facet 21 disposed on the heliostat 20 .
  • the correcting apparatus 1 is provided in the vicinity of the facet 21 . This is because the low height of the light path c at the position from ground ensures a stable operation to be carried out on a work table as small as a trolley. Further, the correcting apparatus 1 is provided in such a position because the position is suitable to adjust the elevation angle and the orientation angle of the heliostat 20 .
  • the irradiation device 2 is fixed to the fixing plate 4 , to which the light receiver 3 serving as a sun tacking device is fixed, to obtain the correcting apparatus 1 .
  • the laser beam L 1 is irradiated from the correcting apparatus 1 toward an upper focal point p of the center reflector 30 .
  • the distance between the upper focal point p and the heliostat 20 varies in a range of tens of meters to hundreds of meters depending on the scale of the solar thermal power generation system, a laser beam having a wavelength which is easily visually recognizable even from far is used as the laser beam L 1 being irradiated.
  • the wavelength of the beam light is preferably in a range of 500 nanometers to 590 nanometers.
  • a green light having a wavelength in the vicinity of 555 nanometers (532 nanometers), which human eyes can perceive most strongly, is used as an example. This enables easy visual observation to check whether the laser beam L 1 is applied on the upper focal point p.
  • the irradiation position is adjusted by operating the slow-motion stage 9 , the elevation adjusting knob 12 , or the like. By this operation, a dislocation of the light receiver 3 serving as a sun tracking device can be corrected.
  • the elevating device 24 and the turning device 25 of the heliostat 20 are adjusted so that the reflected light L 4 , which is a reflected light of the laser beam L 2 applied on the facets 21 disposed on the heliostat 20 , can enter the light receiver 3 .
  • so-called origin alignment of the heliostat 20 is completed; therefore, the direction of the facet 21 is corrected.
  • the sun tracking sensor (the light receiving device 3 ) and the facet 21 can be corrected on site while carrying out actual measurement.
  • correction at an extremely high accuracy can be achieved in comparison with correction carried out on the basis of workers' sense based on visual observation and of measurement.
  • the laser irradiation device 2 can be attached and detached, multiple heliostats 20 can be adjusted sequentially with the single irradiation device 2 . Therefore, installation costs of the irradiation device 2 can be reduced.
  • the efficiency can be improved significantly compared to the case where adjustment is carried out by multiple persons on the basis of their sense upon spending time.
  • the solar thermal power generation system in the present embodiment is a beam-down system for solar thermal power generation.
  • the correcting apparatus according to the present invention may be applied to a solar thermal power tower system as well.
  • the correcting apparatus according to the present invention may be used for any other system than a solar thermal power generation system as far as such a system is configured to collect solar heat into a predetermined position by means of reflecting mirrors of multiple heliostats or the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Mounting And Adjusting Of Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
US13/001,244 2008-06-27 2009-06-11 Method and apparatus for correcting heliostat Abandoned US20110094499A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2008168878A JP4564553B2 (ja) 2008-06-27 2008-06-27 ヘリオスタットの校正方法とその校正装置
JP2008-168878 2008-06-27
PCT/JP2009/060705 WO2009157317A1 (ja) 2008-06-27 2009-06-11 ヘリオスタットの校正方法とその校正装置

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US (1) US20110094499A1 (ja)
JP (1) JP4564553B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN102077035B (ja)
AU (1) AU2009263471B2 (ja)
ES (1) ES2387219B1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2009157317A1 (ja)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120304981A1 (en) * 2011-06-01 2012-12-06 Rolf Miles Olsen Dynamic distributed tower receiver system for collecting, aiming and receiving solar radiation
JP2013033092A (ja) * 2011-08-01 2013-02-14 Mitaka Koki Co Ltd センサー式小型ヘリオスタットのレーザー位置決め治具
US20130104963A1 (en) * 2011-10-31 2013-05-02 Daniel P. Cap Targets for heliostat health monitoring
ES2422806R1 (es) * 2012-03-12 2013-12-12 Ingemetal En S A Sistema, procedimiento y programa informatico de calibracion del posicionamiento de los espejos en heliostatos

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JP5135202B2 (ja) * 2008-12-24 2013-02-06 三鷹光器株式会社 太陽光集光システム
JP5135201B2 (ja) * 2008-12-24 2013-02-06 三鷹光器株式会社 太陽光集光システムの光学位置合わせ方法および構造
US8442790B2 (en) 2010-12-03 2013-05-14 Qbotix, Inc. Robotic heliostat calibration system and method
BR112013013406A2 (pt) * 2010-12-03 2016-09-06 Qbotix Inc sistema e método para calibrar controlador robótico para múltiplas superfícies solares
JP2012122635A (ja) * 2010-12-06 2012-06-28 Nabtesco Corp ヘリオスタットおよび太陽光集光システム
JP5813372B2 (ja) * 2011-05-24 2015-11-17 ナブテスコ株式会社 太陽光集光システム
CN102354224B (zh) * 2011-08-30 2014-09-17 浙江大学 基于人造光源的日光反射装置校正系统及校正方法
CN102445949B (zh) * 2011-10-20 2013-11-06 浙江中控太阳能技术有限公司 一种定日镜定位系统与方法
JP5153953B1 (ja) * 2012-06-12 2013-02-27 三井造船株式会社 ヘリオスタット及びその制御方法
CN103345261B (zh) * 2013-06-18 2015-10-21 华北电力大学 定日镜反射光斑偏差校正方法
CN103673338B (zh) * 2013-12-21 2016-10-05 大连宏海新能源发展有限公司 一种高精度定日镜曲面调整校正装置
CN104679035A (zh) * 2015-03-24 2015-06-03 常州工学院 一种定日镜自适应追日装置
CN106644399B (zh) * 2016-12-31 2019-02-05 伽行科技（北京）有限公司 一种用无人机校正定日镜偏差的系统和方法
CN106773006A (zh) * 2017-01-20 2017-05-31 南通斯密特森光电科技有限公司 自动寻找跟踪太阳并精确定位的望远镜
CN108507199A (zh) * 2018-04-09 2018-09-07 河北珠峰仪器仪表设备有限公司 一种太阳能聚光集热系统及方法
CN110262570B (zh) * 2019-06-19 2023-01-10 深圳中科能投能源有限公司 一种定日镜的校准系统及方法
CN112578820A (zh) * 2019-09-29 2021-03-30 何开浩 塔式太阳能发电系统的太阳光跟踪装置及跟踪方法

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US3588255A (en) * 1968-03-12 1971-06-28 Technidyne Inc Optical alignment methods and means utilizing coordinated laser beams and laser beam coordinating means for same
US5465493A (en) * 1994-06-02 1995-11-14 Spectra-Physics Laserplane, Inc. Pipe alignment apparatus and method using green light
US5982481A (en) * 1996-10-01 1999-11-09 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Alignment system and method for dish concentrators
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120304981A1 (en) * 2011-06-01 2012-12-06 Rolf Miles Olsen Dynamic distributed tower receiver system for collecting, aiming and receiving solar radiation
JP2013033092A (ja) * 2011-08-01 2013-02-14 Mitaka Koki Co Ltd センサー式小型ヘリオスタットのレーザー位置決め治具
US20130104963A1 (en) * 2011-10-31 2013-05-02 Daniel P. Cap Targets for heliostat health monitoring
US9127861B2 (en) * 2011-10-31 2015-09-08 Solarreserve Technology, Llc Targets for heliostat health monitoring
ES2422806R1 (es) * 2012-03-12 2013-12-12 Ingemetal En S A Sistema, procedimiento y programa informatico de calibracion del posicionamiento de los espejos en heliostatos

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102077035B (zh) 2012-10-10
JP4564553B2 (ja) 2010-10-20
AU2009263471A1 (en) 2009-12-30
ES2387219B1 (es) 2013-07-26
AU2009263471B2 (en) 2012-04-05
ES2387219A1 (es) 2012-09-18
CN102077035A (zh) 2011-05-25
JP2010007976A (ja) 2010-01-14
WO2009157317A1 (ja) 2009-12-30

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