US20100157228A1 - Liquid crystal panel and electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Liquid crystal panel and electronic apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100157228A1
US20100157228A1 US12/640,906 US64090609A US2010157228A1 US 20100157228 A1 US20100157228 A1 US 20100157228A1 US 64090609 A US64090609 A US 64090609A US 2010157228 A1 US2010157228 A1 US 2010157228A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
pixel
electrode pattern
crystal panel
bend point
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Abandoned
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US12/640,906
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English (en)
Inventor
Yoshihiro Sakurai
Hironao Tanaka
Harumi Okuno
Takeo Koito
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Japan Display West Inc
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Sony Corp
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Assigned to SONY CORPORATION reassignment SONY CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KOITO, TAKEO, OKUNO, HARUMI, TANAKA, HIRONAO, SAKURAI, YOSHIHIRO
Publication of US20100157228A1 publication Critical patent/US20100157228A1/en
Assigned to Japan Display West Inc. reassignment Japan Display West Inc. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SONY CORPORATION
Priority to US14/263,586 priority Critical patent/US9977287B2/en
Priority to US15/955,042 priority patent/US10310331B2/en
Priority to US16/429,639 priority patent/US11029567B2/en
Priority to US17/339,488 priority patent/US11567369B2/en
Priority to US18/102,284 priority patent/US11982907B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133707—Structures for producing distorted electric fields, e.g. bumps, protrusions, recesses, slits in pixel electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134372—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for fringe field switching [FFS] where the common electrode is not patterned
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/136286—Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G09G3/3607—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals for displaying colours or for displaying grey scales with a specific pixel layout, e.g. using sub-pixels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133749—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers for low pretilt angles, i.e. lower than 15 degrees

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a transverse electric field driving liquid crystal panel which performs rotation control of the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in parallel to a substrate surface by a transverse electric field generated between a pixel electrode and a counter electrode.
  • the present application also relates to an electronic apparatus having the liquid crystal panel mounted therein.
  • liquid crystal panels have various panel structures including a vertical electric field display type in which an electric field is generated in the vertical direction with respect to the panel surface.
  • a transverse electric field display type panel structure is suggested in which an electric field is generated in the horizontal direction with respect to the panel surface.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the sectional structure of a pixel region constituting a transverse electric field display type liquid crystal panel.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of the corresponding planar structure.
  • a liquid crystal panel 1 has two glass substrates 3 and 5 , and a liquid crystal layer 7 filled so as to be sandwiched with the glass substrates 3 and 5 .
  • a polarizing plate 9 is disposed on the outer surface of each substrate, and an alignment film 11 is disposed on the inner surface of each substrate. Note that the alignment film 11 is used to arrange a group of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 7 in a predetermined direction. In general, a polyimide film is used.
  • a pixel electrode 13 and a counter electrode 15 are formed of a transparent conductive film.
  • the pixel electrode 13 is structured such that both ends of five comb-shaped electrode branches 13 A are respectively connected by connection portions 13 B.
  • the counter electrode 15 is formed below the electrode branches 13 A (near the glass substrate 5 ) so as to cover the entire pixel region.
  • This electrode structure causes a parabolic electric field between the electrode branches 13 A and the counter electrode 15 . In FIG. 1 , this electric field is indicated by a broken-line arrow.
  • the pixel region corresponds to a region surrounded by signal lines 21 and scanning lines 23 shown in FIG. 2 .
  • a thin film transistor for controlling the application of a signal potential to the pixel electrode 13 is disposed in each pixel region.
  • the gate electrode of the thin film transistor is connected to a scanning line 23 , so the thin film transistor is turned on/off by the potential of the scanning line 23 .
  • a gap between the electrode branches 13 A is called a slit 31 .
  • the extension direction of the slit 31 is identical to the extension direction of the signal line 21 .
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B show the sectional structure around the contact 25 .
  • JP-A-10-123482 and JP-A-11-202356 are examples of the related art.
  • the disturbance of the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is expanded along the extension direction of the electrode branches 13 A. Further, the disclination expanded from the upper portion of the pixel and the disclination expanded from the lower portion of the pixel are linked at the center of the pixel, and the shape is maintained. Note that the liquid crystal molecules in the disclination rotate in a direction opposite to the direction determined according to the electric field direction. This phenomenon is called a reverse twist phenomenon.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of the occurrence of a reverse twist phenomenon.
  • regions 43 where the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is disturbed are shaded. These regions extend along the extension direction of the electrode branches 13 A.
  • the original state is not restored after it has been left uncontrolled.
  • the disclination expanded from the upper portion of the pixel is linked with the disclination expanded from the lower portion of the pixel at the central portion of the pixel to form a stabilized state, and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the regions 43 is not restored to the original state.
  • the regions 43 where the reverse twist phenomenon occurs may be continuously viewed as residual images (that is, display irregularity).
  • a residual image is called a reverse twist line.
  • the liquid crystal panel includes first and second substrates arranged to be opposite each other at a predetermined gap, a liquid crystal layer filled between the first and second substrates, alignment films, a counter electrode pattern formed on the first substrate, and a pixel electrode pattern formed on the first substrate so as to have a plurality of electrode branches, the extension direction of which is bent at one bend point provided near an upper pixel portion from the center of a pixel region, and which are connected at the end portion of at least the upper pixel portion.
  • the extension direction of a slit formed near the upper pixel portion from the bend point from among slits formed in the pixel electrode pattern may cross the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer at an angle of 7° or larger.
  • the extension direction of a slit formed on the side opposite to the upper pixel portion from the bend point may cross the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer at an angle of 7° or larger.
  • the cross angle between the extension direction of the slit and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer may be equal to or larger than 7° and equal to or smaller than 15°. This is because as the cross angle is larger, the alignment stability during voltage application increases, and as the cross angle is larger, transmittance is lowered.
  • the pixel electrode pattern and the counter electrode pattern may be formed on the same layer surface, or may be formed on different layer surfaces. That is, if the liquid crystal panel is a transverse electric field display type liquid crystal panel, and the pixel electrode has a slit, the sectional structure of the pixel region is not limited.
  • a plurality of bend points may be provided in the pixel electrode pattern. For example, when two bend points are provided, a second bend point may be provided around a connection portion in a lower pixel portion. This is because disclination occurs in an end portion of the lower pixel portion.
  • a third bend point may be provided around the center of the pixel region. If the third bend point is provided, the pixel region can be divided into two regions, and a viewing angle can be widened.
  • fourth and fifth bend points may be provided around both sides of the third bend point.
  • the cross angle between the extension direction of a slit formed between the fourth and fifth bend points on both sides of the third bend point and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer is larger than 7°, the alignment stability around the center of the pixel region during voltage application pixel region can be increased.
  • the inventors have focused on the slit end portion where disclination occurs. From this viewpoint, the pixel electrode pattern or the alignment film is formed such that cross angle between the slit extension direction around the relevant region and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer is equal to or larger than 7°.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the sectional structure of a transverse electric field display type liquid crystal panel.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the planar structure of a transverse electric field display type liquid crystal panel.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing an example of the sectional structure around a contact.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating disclination.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a reverse twist phenomenon.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an appearance example of a liquid crystal panel module.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the system configuration of a liquid crystal panel module.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the cross angle between the extension direction of each slit and the alignment direction of a liquid crystal layer.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the magnitude of a cross angle and display irregularity disappearance time.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the magnitude of a cross angle and the level of display irregularity.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the magnitude of a cross angle and relative transmittance.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the cross angle between the extension direction of a slit and the alignment direction of a liquid crystal layer when a bent region is provided in a portion of a pixel region.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the cross angle between the extension direction of a slit and the alignment direction of a liquid crystal layer when a bent region is provided in a portion of a pixel region.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the area ratio of a bent region and relative transmittance according to the magnitude of a cross angle.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a pixel structure example when the area ratio of a bent region is 100%.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a first pixel structure example (planar structure).
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a second pixel structure example (planar structure).
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a third pixel structure example (planar structure).
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a fourth pixel structure example (planar structure).
  • FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a fifth pixel structure example (planar structure).
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a sixth pixel structure example (planar structure).
  • FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a seventh pixel structure example (planar structure).
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an eighth pixel structure example (planar structure).
  • FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a ninth pixel structure example (sectional structure).
  • FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating the system configuration of an electronic apparatus.
  • FIG. 26 is a diagram showing an appearance example of an electronic apparatus.
  • FIGS. 27A and 27B are diagrams showing an appearance example of an electronic apparatus.
  • FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an appearance example of an electronic apparatus.
  • FIGS. 29A and 29B are diagrams showing an appearance example of an electronic apparatus.
  • FIG. 30 is a diagram showing an appearance example of an electronic apparatus.
  • FIG. 6 shows an appearance example of a liquid crystal panel module 51 .
  • the liquid crystal panel module 51 is structured such that a counter substrate 55 is bonded to a support substrate 53 .
  • the support substrate 53 is made of glass, plastic, or other substrates.
  • the counter substrate 55 is also made of glass, plastic, or other transparent substrates.
  • the counter substrate 55 is a member which seals the surface of the support substrate 53 with a sealant interposed therebetween.
  • only one substrate on the light emission side may be a transparent substrate, and the other substrate may be a nontransparent substrate.
  • the liquid crystal panel 51 is provided with an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) 57 for inputting an external signal or driving power, if necessary.
  • FPC Flexible Printed Circuit
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of the system configuration of the liquid crystal panel module 51 .
  • the liquid crystal panel module 51 is configured such that a pixel array section 63 , a signal line driver 65 , a gate line driver 67 , and a timing controller 69 are disposed on a lower glass substrate 61 (corresponding to the glass substrate 5 of FIG. 1 ).
  • the driving circuit of the pixel array section 63 is formed as a single or a plurality of semiconductor integrated circuits, and is mounted on the glass substrate.
  • the pixel array section 63 has a matrix structure in which white units each constituting one pixel for display are arranged in M rows ⁇ N columns.
  • the row refers to a pixel row of 3 ⁇ N subpixels 71 arranged in the X direction of the drawing.
  • the column refers to a pixel column of M subpixels 71 arranged in the Y direction of the drawing.
  • the values M and N are determined depending on the display resolution in the vertical direction and the display resolution in the horizontal direction.
  • the signal line driver 65 is used to apply a signal potential Vsig corresponding to a pixel gradation value to signal lines DL.
  • the signal lines DL are arranged so as to extend in the Y direction of the drawing.
  • the gate line driver 67 is used to apply control pulses for providing the write timing of the signal potential Vsig to scanning lines WL.
  • the scanning lines WL are arranged so as to extend in the X direction of the drawing.
  • a thin film transistor (not shown) is formed in each subpixel 71 .
  • the thin film transistor has a gate electrode connected to a corresponding one of the scanning lines WL, one main electrode connected to a corresponding one of the signal lines DL, and the other main electrode connected to the pixel electrode 13 (contact 25 ).
  • the timing controller 69 is a circuit device which supplies driving pulses to the signal line driver 65 and the gate line driver 67 .
  • the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 (also referred to as “alignment direction of liquid crystal”) is defined by the orientation of dielectric anisotropy of liquid crystal, and refers to a direction with a large dielectric constant.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the planar structure of the subpixel 71 .
  • the relationship between the extension direction of the slit 31 and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 is focused on. For this reason, a thin film transistor and the like are not shown.
  • the planar structure of FIG. 8 is identical to the planar structure described with reference to FIG. 2 , and the corresponding elements are represented by the same reference numerals. That is, the subpixel 71 is formed in a rectangular region surrounded by the signal lines 21 extending in the Y direction and the scanning lines 23 extending in the X direction.
  • the pixel electrode 13 has five electrode branches 13 A and connection portions 13 B respectively connecting both ends of the electrode branches 13 A.
  • the slits 31 formed between the electrode branches 13 A or the slit 31 formed between the electrode branches 13 A and the signal line 21 on the right side in the drawing extend in the Y direction.
  • each slit 31 is parallel to the signal line 21 and perpendicular to the scanning line 23 .
  • the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 is indicated by an arrow.
  • the oblique upper right direction with respect to the paper is the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 .
  • the cross angle between the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 and the extension direction of each slit 31 is indicated by ⁇ .
  • the inventors have focused on the cross angle ⁇ , and have measured the time until display irregularity disappears with respect to various cross angles ⁇ .
  • FIG. 9 shows the measurement result.
  • the horizontal axis represents the cross angle ⁇ between the extension direction of each slit 31 and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7
  • the vertical axis represents the time until display irregularity disappears.
  • the cross angle ⁇ is equal to or larger than 7°, it has been confirmed that the reverse twist line can disappear by itself.
  • the cross angle ⁇ is 7°, the time until display irregularity disappears is 3.5 [seconds].
  • the time until display irregularity disappears is shortened. For example, when the cross angle ⁇ is 10°, it has been confirmed that display irregularity disappears in 3 [seconds].
  • the cross angle ⁇ is 15°, it has been confirmed that display irregularity disappears in 2.5 [seconds].
  • the cross angle ⁇ is 20°, it has been confirmed that display irregularity disappears in 1.5 [seconds].
  • the inventors have found that, if the cross angle ⁇ between the extension direction of each slit 31 and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 is set to be equal to or larger than 7°, in the transverse electric field display type liquid crystal panel, the alignment stability of liquid crystal molecules can be improved. That is, it has been found that, even though the reverse twist phenomenon occurs due to finger press or the like, the disturbance of the alignment can disappear by itself.
  • FIG. 10 shows the observation result regarding the relationship between the cross angle ⁇ and the level of display irregularity.
  • the horizontal axis denotes the cross angle ⁇ between the extension direction of the slit 31 and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7
  • the vertical axis denotes the visible level of display irregularity.
  • the cross angle a is equal to or larger than 10°, it has been confirmed that no display irregularity is observed even when the display screen is viewed at any angle.
  • the cross angle ⁇ is 5°, it has been confirmed that, when the display screen is viewed from an oblique direction, slight display irregularity is observed.
  • the cross angle ⁇ is equal to or larger than 5° and smaller than 10°, as shown in FIG. 10 , it has been confirmed that visibility is gradually changed.
  • FIG. 11 shows the confirmed transmission characteristics.
  • the horizontal axis denotes the cross angle ⁇ between the extension direction of the slit 31 and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7
  • the vertical axis denotes relative transmittance.
  • the cross angle ⁇ and the relative transmittance have a roughly linear relationship. From the viewpoint of transmittance, it can be seen that, as the cross angle a is smaller, better display luminance is obtained.
  • FIGS. 9 to 11 are obtained on the assumption that each slit 31 of the pixel electrode 12 crosses the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 at a predetermined cross angle ⁇ over the entire pixel region, as shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the cross angle ⁇ is set while placing priority on the reduction in the disappearance time of display irregularity, the relative transmittance decreases. If the cross angle ⁇ is set while placing priority on the relative transmittance, the disappearance time of display irregularity increases.
  • the cross angle ⁇ is set to be equal to or larger than 7° and equal to or smaller than 15°. This is because it is considered that, if the cross angle ⁇ falls within the range, the disappearance time of display irregularity and the relative transmittance can be maintained at a satisfactory level.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 show planar structure examples of a subpixel 71 used in the experiment.
  • the planar structure shown in FIG. 12 or 13 is identical to the planar structure described with reference to FIG. 8 , and the corresponding elements are represented by the same reference numerals. That is, the subpixel 71 is formed in a rectangular region surrounded by the signal lines 21 extending in the Y direction and the scanning lines 23 extending in the X direction.
  • the pixel electrode 13 has five electrode branches 13 A and connection portions 13 B connecting both ends of the electrode branches 13 A.
  • a difference from FIG. 8 is that one bend point is provided around the contact 25 for each electrode branch 13 A, that is, in the upper pixel portion, and the electrode pattern of the rectangular electrode branches 13 A is bent at the bend point.
  • an electrode pattern is taken into consideration in which the electrode branches 13 A near the center of the pixel region from the bend point are parallel to the signal line 21 , and the electrode branches 13 A near the contact 25 from the bend point are inclined in the right direction of the drawing with respect to the signal line 21 .
  • the area of a bent portion (the area near the contact 25 from the bend point) to the area of the entire pixel region is indicated by A%.
  • the area excluding the bent portion is (100 ⁇ A)%.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 the cross angle between the extension direction of each slit 31 formed by the electrode branches 13 A near the contact 25 from the bend point and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 is indicated by ⁇ 1 . Further, the cross angle between the extension direction of each slit 31 formed in parallel to the signal 21 and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 is indicated by ⁇ 2 .
  • FIG. 12 shows an example where the alignment direction is the upper right direction in the drawing and the relationship ⁇ 2 > ⁇ 1 is established between the slit extension direction and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 .
  • FIG. 13 shows an example where the alignment direction is the upper left direction in the drawing and the relationship ⁇ 1 > ⁇ 2 is established between the slit extension direction and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 .
  • FIG. 14 shows the experiment result.
  • FIG. 14 shows the measurement result of a change in the relative transmittance due to a difference in the area ratio A (%) of the bent portion for each cross angle.
  • the horizontal axis represents the area ratio of a bent portion to the entire pixel region
  • the vertical axis represents the relationship between the cross angle and the relative transmittance.
  • the lines in the drawing respectively indicate the characteristics measured for the cross angles ⁇ 1 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, and 45°.
  • the relative transmittance is 100%, regardless of the magnitude of the cross angle ⁇ 1 .
  • the case where the area ratio A of the bent portion is 0% refers to the pixel structure of FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 15 shows an example of a pixel structure example in which the area ratio A of the bent portion is 100%.
  • the relative transmittance characteristics obtained for the pixel structure shown in FIG. 15 correspond to FIG. 11 described above.
  • the relative transmittance of the pixel region can be increased, as compared with the pixel structure ( FIG. 15 ) which the bent portion is the entire pixel region.
  • the upper limit of the area ratio A differs depending on the pattern structure of the pixel electrode 13 to be used or the cross angle ⁇ 1 with respect to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 , but a predetermined degree of transmission should be obtained.
  • the target relative transmittance of 80% is taken into consideration.
  • the area ratio A of the bent portion is set to be 50% or smaller of the area of the pixel region, the condition on the transmittance can be satisfied, regardless of the magnitude of the cross angle ⁇ 1 .
  • the lower limit of the area ratio A is set taking into consideration the resolution limit in the manufacturing process. In general, as the area ratio A is smaller, the relative transmittance is higher, regardless of the magnitude of the cross angle ⁇ 1 . Therefore, it has been considered that, for practical use, it is preferable to set the area ratio A to be small in a state where the cross angle ⁇ 1 is set large.
  • the pixel structure shown in FIG. 16 is identical to the pixel structure described with reference to FIG. 12 or 13 and supposes an FFS (Fringe Field Switching) type liquid crystal panel.
  • FFS Flexible Field Switching
  • the sectional structure of the pixel region is as shown in FIG. 1 . That is, the counter electrode 15 is disposed below the pixel electrode 13 so as to cover the entire pixel region.
  • the pixel structure shown in FIG. 16 is a pixel structure in which one bend point is provided.
  • the bend point is provided around the contact 25 .
  • the area of the bent region is enlarged for ease of understanding of the extension direction of the slit 31 extending from the bend point toward the contact 25 .
  • FIG. 16 the extension direction of a slit 31 formed near the center of the pixel region from the bend point is parallel to the signal line 21 .
  • the extension direction of the slit 31 extending from the bend point toward the contact 25 crosses the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 at the cross angle ⁇ 1 of 7° or larger. That is, FIG. 16 shows a pixel structure in which the slit 31 and the alignment direction cross each other at an angle of 7° or larger only in a region around the contact 25 , and the slit 31 and the alignment direction cross each other at an angle smaller than 7° in the remaining pixel region.
  • the bent region is provided around the contact 25 , so the alignment stability in the region can be increased. As a result, disclination growth can be suppressed.
  • the cross angle ⁇ 2 between the slit extension direction and the alignment direction is smaller than 7°, so the relative transmittance approaches 100%.
  • the cross angle ⁇ 1 is in the range of about 7° to 15°.
  • FIG. 17 shows a second pixel structure example. This pixel structure also supposes an FFS (Fringe Field Switching) type liquid crystal panel.
  • FFS Frringe Field Switching
  • the cross angle ⁇ 2 between the extension direction of each slit 31 formed in the pixel region excluding the bent region and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 is equal to or larger than 7°.
  • the cross angle ⁇ 1 between the extension direction of each slit 31 formed in the bent region and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 is equal to or larger than the above-described cross angle ⁇ 2 .
  • the cross angle ⁇ 1 between the extension direction of each slit 31 corresponding to the bent region and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 can be set to be equal to or larger than 7°, so as in the pixel structure example 1, the alignment stability can be increased and disclination growth can be suppressed.
  • the extension direction of each slit 31 and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 cross each other at the angle ⁇ 2 of 7° or larger. For this reason, even though a reverse twist line temporarily grows to the region, the reverse twist line can disappear by itself in a short time.
  • a liquid crystal panel can be realized in which the alignment stability during voltage application can be improved over the entire pixel region, and even though a reverse twist line temporarily occurs, the reverse twist line can disappear by itself. That is, a liquid crystal panel which achieves higher display quality than the pixel structure example 1 can be realized.
  • FIG. 18 shows a third pixel structure example. This pixel structure also supposes an FFS liquid crystal panel.
  • This pixel structure is also identical to the above-described two pixel structures, and corresponds to a pixel structure example with a single domain structure.
  • This pixel structure example has a feature that two bend points (bent regions) are provided. Specifically, a second bend point is provided around the connection portion 13 B on the side opposite to the contact 25 .
  • the positions of the bend points and the bend directions are set to be mirror-symmetric with respect to the center of the pixel region, but actually, the application is not limited thereto.
  • point-symmetry or asymmetry may be used.
  • the bent region is as small as possible.
  • the cross angle ⁇ 1 is in the range of about 7° to 15°.
  • FIG. 19 shows a fourth pixel structure example. This pixel structure also supposes an FFS liquid crystal panel.
  • a third bend point is provided around the center of the pixel region.
  • the pixel structure of FIG. 19 has a vertical mirror structure from a virtual line extending from the third bend point in the X-axis direction, but actually, the application is not limited thereto.
  • the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 and the extension direction of each slit 31 cross each other at an angle of 7° or larger.
  • FIG. 19 a structure in which the pixel electrode 13 has a vertical mirror structure along a virtual line extending in the X-axis direction has been focused on, so the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 is set to be parallel to the Y-axis direction.
  • the cross angle ⁇ 2 between the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 and the extension direction of the slit 31 is arbitrary. This is because the bend point 3 formed at the center of the pixel region is merely formed to improve the viewing angle dependency first of all.
  • the alignment stability increases. Therefore, even though a reverse twist line temporarily occurs, the reverse twist line can be reliably eliminated.
  • the cross angle ⁇ 2 between each slit 31 formed between the bend point 3 and the bend point 2 and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 is equal to or larger than 7°.
  • the rotation direction of the liquid crystal molecules is inverted between the upper half portion and the lower half portion of the pixel region. That is, in the upper half portion of the pixel region in the drawing, the liquid crystal molecules rotate in the counterclockwise direction by the application of an electric field. Meanwhile, in the lower half portion of the pixel region of the drawing, the liquid crystal molecules rotate in the clockwise direction.
  • the rotation direction of the liquid crystal molecules is inverted, which compensates for the viewing angle dependency in the oblique direction, so the viewing angle dependency can be improved.
  • FIG. 20 shows a fifth pixel structure example. This pixel structure corresponds to a modification of the dual domain structure shown in FIG. 19 .
  • connection branch 13 C connecting the electrode branches 13 A to each other is further provided.
  • the two domains are completely separated from each other by the connection branch 13 C.
  • alignment disturbance can be eliminated.
  • the time until a reverse twist line disappears can be further shortened than the pixel structure shown in FIG. 19 , and display quality can be increased by as much.
  • FIG. 21 shows a sixth pixel structure example.
  • the pixel structure shown in FIG. 21 corresponds to a modification of the pixel structure shown in FIG. 19 .
  • the pixel pattern is formed such that the cross angle ⁇ 3 between the extension direction of each slit 31 formed between the third bend point and the fourth bend point and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 is equal to or larger than 7°.
  • the pixel pattern is formed such that the cross angle ⁇ 3 between the extension direction of each slit 31 formed between the third bend point and the fifth bend point and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 is equal to or larger than 7°.
  • a method is used in which the alignment stability increases in the region around the third bend point to suppress alignment disturbance at the boundary between the domains.
  • the pixel structure shown in FIG. 21 is identical to the fourth pixel structure shown in FIG. 19 in that the pixel structure has a vertical mirror structure from a virtual line extending from the third bend point in the X-axis direction.
  • the extension direction of each slit in the bent regions formed around both end portions of the pixel region crosses the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 at the cross angle of 7° or larger.
  • the cross angle ⁇ 2 between the extension direction of the corresponding slit 31 and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 is selected so as to ensure higher transmittance. The same is applied to the region between the second bend point and the fifth bend point.
  • FIG. 22 shows a seventh pixel structure example.
  • the pixel structure shown in FIG. 22 corresponds to a modification of the pixel structure shown in FIG. 20 .
  • the method is used in which the two domains are completely separated from each other to suppress alignment disturbance.
  • disclination inevitably occurs in the region around the connection branch 13 C.
  • the pixel pattern is formed such that the cross angle ⁇ 3 between the extension direction of each slit 31 formed between the third bend point and fourth bend point and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 is equal to or larger than 7°.
  • the pixel pattern is formed such that the cross angle ⁇ 3 between the extension direction of each slit 31 formed between the third bend point and the fifth bend point and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 is equal to or larger than 7°.
  • a method is used in which the alignment stability in the region around the third bend point increases to suppress alignment disturbance.
  • the pixel structure shown in FIG. 22 is identical to the fifth pixel structure shown in FIG. 20 in that the pixel structure has a vertical mirror structure from a virtual line extending from the third bend point in the X-axis direction.
  • the extension direction of each slit in the bent regions around both ends of the pixel region crosses the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 at the cross angle of 7° or larger. In these regions, the alignment stability increases.
  • each slit between the first bend point and the fourth bend point crosses the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 at the cross angle ⁇ 2 which is selected so as to ensure high transmittance.
  • the extension direction of each slit between the second bend point and the fifth bend point also crosses the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 7 at the cross angle ⁇ 2 which is selected so as to ensure high transmittance.
  • a liquid crystal panel which has a pixel structure in which the counter electrode 15 is disposed below the comb-shaped pixel electrode 13 so as to cover the entire pixel region.
  • a liquid crystal panel having a comb-shaped counter electrode 15 may be adopted.
  • the electrode branches 15 A of the counter electrode 15 are disposed so as to fill the spaces (slits 31 ) between the electrode branches 13 A of the pixel electrode 13 . That is, the electrode branches 15 A of the counter electrode 15 are disposed so as not to overlap the electrode branches 13 A of the pixel electrode 13 in the pixel region.
  • the technique which has been suggested by the inventors may be applied to a transverse electric field display type liquid crystal panel in which the pixel electrode 13 and the counter electrode 15 are formed in the same layer.
  • FIG. 24 shows a sectional structure example corresponding to a ninth pixel structure example.
  • the structure excluding the pixel structure 13 and the counter electrode 15 is basically the same as the pixel structure described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • a liquid crystal panel 91 includes two glass substrates 3 and 5 , and a liquid crystal layer 7 filled so as to be sandwiched with the glass substrates 3 and 5 .
  • a polarizing plate 9 is disposed on the outer surface of each substrate, and an alignment film 11 is disposed on the inner surface of each substrate.
  • the pixel electrode 13 and the counter electrode 15 are formed on the glass substrate 5 .
  • the pixel electrode 13 is structured such that one ends of comb-shaped four electrode branches 13 A are connected to each other by a connection portion 13 B.
  • the counter electrode 15 is structured such that one ends of comb-shaped three electrode branches 15 A are connected to the common electrode line 33 .
  • the electrode branches 15 A of the counter electrode 15 are disposed so as to be fitted into the spaces between the electrode branches 13 A of the pixel electrode 13 .
  • the common electrode line 33 is formed in a lattice shape so as to follow the signal lines 21 and the scanning lines 23 .
  • the electrode branches 13 A of the pixel electrode 13 and the electrode branches 15 A of the counter electrode 15 are alternately disposed in the same layer.
  • a parabolic electric field is generated between the electrode branches 13 A of the pixel electrode 13 and the electrode branches 15 A of the counter electrode 15 .
  • this electric field is indicated by a broken line.
  • a liquid crystal panel can be realized in which, even though the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is disturbed due to the reverse twist phenomenon caused by finger press or the like, the arrangement disturbance can be eliminated by itself in several seconds.
  • a wide viewing angle according to a transverse electric field can be realized.
  • each slit 31 formed by the electrode branches 13 A of the pixel electrode 13 may be parallel to the scanning line 23 or may cross obliquely with respect to the scanning line 23 .
  • the substrate is a glass substrate, but a plastic substrate or other substrates may be used.
  • the configuration of the operation input unit 107 varies depending on the product type.
  • a GUI Graphic User Interface
  • switches, buttons, a pointing device, and other operators may be used as the operation input unit 107 .
  • the electronic apparatus 101 is not limited to an apparatus designed for use in a specific field insofar as it can display an image or video generated inside or input from the outside.
  • FIG. 26 shows an appearance example of a television receiver as an electronic apparatus.
  • a television receiver 111 has a display screen 117 on the front surface of its housing.
  • the display screen 117 includes a front panel 113 , a filter glass 115 , and the like.
  • the display screen 117 corresponds to the liquid crystal panel according to the embodiment.
  • the electronic apparatus 101 may be, for example, a digital camera.
  • FIGS. 27A and 27B show an appearance example of a digital camera 121 .
  • FIG. 27A shows an appearance example as viewed from the front (from the subject), and
  • FIG. 27B shows an appearance example when viewed from the rear (from the photographer).
  • the digital camera 121 includes a protective cover 123 , an imaging lens section 125 , a display screen 127 , a control switch 129 , and a shutter button 131 .
  • the display screen 127 corresponds to the liquid crystal panel according to the embodiment.
  • the electronic apparatus 101 may be, for example, a video camcorder.
  • FIG. 28 shows an appearance example of a video camcorder 141 .
  • the video camcorder 141 includes an imaging lens 145 provided to the front of a main body 143 so as to capture the image of the subject, an photographing start/stop switch 147 , and a display screen 149 .
  • the display screen 149 corresponds to the liquid crystal panel according to the embodiment.
  • the electronic apparatus 101 may be, for example, a personal digital assistant.
  • FIGS. 29A and 29B show an appearance example of a mobile phone 151 as a personal digital assistant.
  • the mobile phone 151 shown in FIGS. 29A and 29B is a folder type mobile phone.
  • FIG. 29A shows an appearance example of the mobile phone in an unfolded state
  • FIG. 29B shows an appearance example of the mobile phone in a folded state.
  • the electronic apparatus 101 may be, for example, a computer.
  • FIG. 30 shows an appearance example of a notebook computer 171 .
  • the notebook computer 171 includes a lower housing 173 , an upper housing 175 , a keyboard 177 , and a display screen 179 .
  • the display screen 179 corresponds to the liquid crystal panel according to the embodiment.
  • the electronic apparatus 101 may be, for example, a projector, an audio player, a game machine, an electronic book, an electronic dictionary, or the like.

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US14/263,586 US9977287B2 (en) 2008-12-19 2014-04-28 Liquid crystal panel with pixel electrode pattern bent at bend point, and electronic apparatus
US15/955,042 US10310331B2 (en) 2008-12-19 2018-04-17 Liquid crystal panel with pixel electrode pattern bent at bend point, and electronic apparatus
US16/429,639 US11029567B2 (en) 2008-12-19 2019-06-03 Liquid crystal panel having an electrode with a bent portion
US17/339,488 US11567369B2 (en) 2008-12-19 2021-06-04 Pixel electrode of fringe field switching liquid crystal display device having a plurality of bend portions
US18/102,284 US11982907B2 (en) 2008-12-19 2023-01-27 Liquid crystal panel with electrode having bent portion

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US15/955,042 Active US10310331B2 (en) 2008-12-19 2018-04-17 Liquid crystal panel with pixel electrode pattern bent at bend point, and electronic apparatus
US16/429,639 Active US11029567B2 (en) 2008-12-19 2019-06-03 Liquid crystal panel having an electrode with a bent portion
US17/339,488 Active US11567369B2 (en) 2008-12-19 2021-06-04 Pixel electrode of fringe field switching liquid crystal display device having a plurality of bend portions
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US16/429,639 Active US11029567B2 (en) 2008-12-19 2019-06-03 Liquid crystal panel having an electrode with a bent portion
US17/339,488 Active US11567369B2 (en) 2008-12-19 2021-06-04 Pixel electrode of fringe field switching liquid crystal display device having a plurality of bend portions
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US11982907B2 (en) 2024-05-14
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US20230168542A1 (en) 2023-06-01
US11567369B2 (en) 2023-01-31
US20180231815A1 (en) 2018-08-16
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JP2010145871A (ja) 2010-07-01
KR20100071903A (ko) 2010-06-29
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US20140232973A1 (en) 2014-08-21
US11029567B2 (en) 2021-06-08

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